* INSTALLATION RESTORATION PROGRAM

| PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT

]] 280th Combat Communications Squadron

I Abston Air National Guard StationAlabama Air National Guard

Montgomery, Alabama

U February 1991!

AD-A239 078

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HAZWRAP SUPPORT CONTRACTOR OFFICEOak Ridge, Tennessee 37831

Operated by MARTIN MARIETTA ENERGY SYSTEMS, INC.For the U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY under contract DE-AC05-84OR21400

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Copies of the final report may be purchased from:I

National Technical Information Service5285 Port Royal Road UaSpringfield, Virginia 22161

Federal Government agencies and their contractors registered with DefenseTechnical Information Center should direct requests for copies of this report to:

Defense Technical Information CenterICameron StationAlexandria, Virginia 22304-6145

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For Apici

REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE fOMABNo 0'04-0188Public reoorg burden for this (OIledOn Of orttortnAtgon % estim'ated to A~efage I hour per reioor%.. ncludng thre time for reviewing instructionst. sear-- : - trig data sorre%.gathering and mai~ntainirng the data needed. and corratetinq and revie-q the 0114iclon of inforrnatO ' a" nd commnents reairdrrrq thris burden estimate Zr r ; ther asoect of thhotcollection of Vtorriat on. including suggestions for reducinq this burden to Washingtonr Headduariern sfir.es. Orecloratefo inflormiationt Ovratiorr arra *onrlr. 12 1 JeffersonDianis rHqtrray, Suite 1204. Arlington. VA 122024)02 and to the Office of Manragement and Budget, P4erwortt Reduction Project (0704-0 tSS), Wasirnotr :- 'O003

1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) T. REPORT DATE 3.REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVEREDFebruary 1991 Preliminary Assessment

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Preliminary Assessment S. FUNDING NUMBERS280th Combat Communications SquadronAbston Air National Guard StationMontgomery, Alabama

6. AUTHOR(S)

N/A

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION

Science and Technology, Inc. REPORT NUMBER

704 South Illinois Ave.Oakridge, TN 37830

9. SPONSORING/ MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING MCNITORING

Hazardous Waste Remedial Actions Program AGENCY REPORT N~UMBER

Oakridge, TN

Air National Guard BureauAndrews AFB, Maryland 20331

11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

12a. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12.DISTRIBUTION C:)DEApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited

13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words)Preliminary environmental assessment for the Abston Air National Guard Station, aspart of the Installation Restoration Program. The report reflects data gatheredfrom records review, interviews and a site visit. No sites were identified aspotentially contaminated and theB base will be recommended for no further action.

14. SUBJECT TERMS Alabama Air National Guard; Abston Air National 15. NUMBiR Of PAGES

Guard Station; Montgomery, Alabama; Installation Restoration &RC DOProgram; Preliminary Assessment; 1.PIECO

17. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION I19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION 20. LIMITA ON OF ABSTRACTOF REPORT I OF THIS PAGE I OF ABSTRACT

Unclassified II__________NSN 7540-01 -280-5500 Standard -c,- 298 (Rev 2-89)

Oreicr'nbpd biv a N 't0 139-1S

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INSTALLATION RESTORATION PROGRAMPRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT

I280th COMBAT COMMUNICATIONS SQUADRON

ABSTON AIR NATIONAL GUARD STATIONALABAMA AIR NATIONAL GUARD

MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA

Prepared for

National Guard BureauAndrews Air Force Base, Maryland 20331-6008

Prepared by

IScience & Technology, Inc.704 South Illinois Avenue

Suite C-103Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830

Contract No. DE-AC05-87OR21704

I Submitted toHAZWRAP Support Contractor Office

Oak Ridge, TennesseeOperated by Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc.

for the Department of Energy,Under Contract DE-AC05-84OR21400

Ii February 1991

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I TABLE OF CONTENTS

Pare

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................ ES-1

I. INTRODUCTION .............................. I-1A. Background .............................. I-1B. Purpose ................................ 1-5C. Scope .................................. I-5D. Methodology .............................. 1-6

II. INSTALLATION DESCRIPTION ...................... II-1A. Location ................................ II-1B. Organization and History I-1.....................11

III. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ........................ III-1A. M eteorology .............................. III-1B. Geology ................................. III-1C. Hydrology ............................... 111-5

1. Surface W ater ......................... 111-52. Groundwater .......................... 111-5

D. Critical Habitats/Endangered orThreatened Species ............................ 111-9

IV. SITE EVALUATION ........................... IV-1A. Activity Review ........................... IV-1B. Disposal/Spill Site Information,

Evaluation, and Hazard Assessment ................ IV-1

V. CONCLUSIONS ............................... V-1

VI. RECOMMENDATIONS .......................... VI-1

BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................. Bi-1

GLOSSARY OF TERMS ............................. Gl-1

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IAPPENDICES I

___ IAPPENDIX A. Outside Agency Contact List......................A-i

APPENDIX B. Soil Borings at the Station........................B-i

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i LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 Preliminary Assessment MethodologyFlow Chart .................................. 1-7

Figure II.1 Location Map of the Abston AirNational Guard Station ......................... 11-2

Figure III.1 Physiographic Map of the Area ................... 111-2

Figure 11.2 Generalized Stratigraphic Column of the Area ...... 111-3

Figure 11.3 Surficial Geologic Map of the Area ............... 111-4

Figure III.4 Station Drainage Map .......................... 111-6

Figure 111.5 Surface Water Flow Route Map ................. 111-7

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ACRONYM LIST iAMSL Above Mean Sea LevelANG Air National GuardCCS Combat Communications SquadronCERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response,

Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 ICES Civil Engineering SquadronCFR Code of Federal RegulationsDEQPPM Defense Environmental Quality Program Policy I

MemorandumDERP Defense Environmental Restoration ProgramDoD Department of Defense UDOT Department of TransportationEO Executive OrderEPA Environmental Protection AgencyFR Federal RegisterFS Feasibility StudyHAS Hazard Assessment ScoreHAZWRAP Hazardous Waste Remedial Actions ProgramIRP Installation Restoration ProgramMOGAS Automotive GasolineNGB National Guard BureauOSHA Occupational Safety and Health AdministrationPA Preliminary AssessmentPL Public LawPOC Point of ContactRCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976R&D Research and DevelopmentRI Remedial InvestigationSARA Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of

1986SciTek Science & Technology, Inc.SI Site InvestigationUSAF United States Air Force iUSC United States CodeUSDA United States Department of AgricultureUSGS United States Geological Survey

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I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

H A. INTRODUCTIONScience & Technology, Inc. (SciTek) was retained to conduct the InstallationRestoration Program (IRP) Preliminary Assessment (PA) of the 280th CombatCommunications Squadron (CCS), Abston Air National Guard (ANG) Station[hereinafter referred to as the Station], Alabama Air National Guard, locatedat Montgomery, Alabama. For the purpose of this document, the Station shallinclude the total area leased by the 280th CCS, at Montgomery, Alabama.

I The PA included the following activities:o an on-site visit, including interviews with a total of four persons familiar

with Station operations, and field surveys by SciTek representativesduring the week of April 16-20, 1990;

I o acquisition and analysis of information on past hazardous materials use,waste generation, and waste disposal at the Station;

0 acquisition and analysis of available geological, hydrological,meteorological, and environmental data from federal, state, and local

*agencies; and

o the identification and assessment of sites on the Station that may havebeen contaminated with hazardous wastes.

B. MAJOR FINDINGS

The 280th CCS has generated negligible quantities of hazardous wastes inmission-oriented operations and maintenance at the Station since 1987.

I The field surveys and interviews resulted in no sites being identified thatexhibit the potential for contaminant presence and migration.IC. CONCLUSIONS

I It has been concluded there are no potentially contaminated sites at theStation.

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ID. RECOMMENDATIONS INo further work under the IRP is recommended.

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i I. INTRODUCTION

i A. BackgroundThe 280th Combat Communications Squadron (CCS), Abston Air NationalGuard (ANG) Station [hereinafter referred to as the Station] is located atMontgomery, Alabama. The 280th CCS has been active at their presentlocation since 1987. Both the past and current operations have involved theuse of potentially hazardous materials and the disposal of wastes. Because ofthe use of these materials and the disposal of resultant wastes, the National

Guard Bureau (NGB) has implemented the Installation Restoration Program(IRP).

The IRP is a comprehensive program designed to:

0 o Identify and fully evaluate suspected problems associated with pasthazardous waste disposal and/or spill sites on Department of Defense(DoD) installations and

o Control hazards to human health, welfare, and the environment that may* have resulted from these past practices.

During June 1980, DoD issued a Defense Environmental Quality ProgramPolicy Memorandum (DEQPPM 80-6) requiring identification of past hazardouswaste disposal sites on DoD installations. The policy was issued in responseto tl- e Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (RCRA) and inanticipation of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, andLiability Act of 1980 (CERCLA, Public Law (PL) 96-510), commonly known as"Superfund." In August 1981, the President delegated certain authorityspecified under CERCLA to the Secretary of Defense via an Executive Order(EO 12316). As a result of EO 12316, DoD revised the IRP by issuingDEQPPM 81-5 (December 11, 1981), which reissued and amplified all previous

i directives and memoranda.

Although the DoD IRP and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)Superfund programs were essentially the same, differences in the definition ofprogram activities and lines of authority resulted in some confusion betweenDoD and state/federal regulatory agencies. These difficulties were rectified viapassage of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA, PL-99-499) of 1986. On January 23, 1987, Presidential Executive Order EO 12580was issued. EO 12580 effectively revoked EO 12316 and implemented thechanges promulgated by SARA.

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The most important changes effected by SARA included the following: Io Section 120 of SARA provides that federal facilities, including those in

DoD, are subject to all provisions of CERCLA/SARA concerning siteassessment, evaluation under the National Contingency Plan [40CFR300],listing on the National Priorities List, and removal/remedial actions.DoD must therefore comply with all the procedural and substantive Irequirements (guidelines, rules, regulations, and criteria) promulgated by

the EPA under Superfund authority.

o Section 211 of SARA also provides continuing statutory authority for DoDto conduct its IRP as part of the Defense Environmental RestorationProgram (DERP). This was accomplished by adding Chapter 160,Sections 2701-2707 to Title 10 United States Code (10 USC 160).

o SARA also stipulated that terminology used to describe or otherwiseidentify actions carried out under the IRP shall be substantially the Isame as the terminology of the regulations and guidelines issued by theEPA under their Superfund authority.

As a result of SARA, the operational activities of the IRP are currently definedand described as follows:

0 Preliminary Assessment

The Preliminary Assessment (PA) process consists of personnel interviews nand a records search designed to identify and evaluate past disposaland/or spill sites that might pose a potential and/or actual hazard topublic health, public welfare, or the environment. Previously Iundocumented information is obtained through the interviews. Therecords search focuses on obtaining useful information from aerialphotographs; Station plans; facility inventory documents; lists of Ihazardous materials used at the Station; Station subcontractor reports;Station correspondence; Material Safety Data Sheets; federal/state agencyscientific reports and statistics; federal administrative documents;federal/state records on endangered species, threatened species, andcritical habitats; documents from local government offices; and numerousstandard reference sources.

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I o Site Inspection/Remedial Investigation/Feasibility StudyThe Site Inspection consists of field activities designed to confirm thepresence or absence of contamination at the potential sites identified inthe PA. An expanded Site Inspection has been designed by the AirNational Guard as a Site Investigation. The Site Investigation (SI) willinclude additional field tests and the installation of monitoring wells toprovide data from which site-specific decisions regarding remediation

actions can be made. The activities undertaken during the SI fall intothree distinct categories: screening activities, confirmation anddelineation activities, and optional activities. Screening activities areconducted to gather preliminary data on each site. Confirmation and

* delineation activities include specific media sampling and laboratoryanalysis to confirm either the presence or the absence of contamination,levels of contamination, and the potential for contaminant migration.Optional activities will be used if additional data is needed to reach adecision point for a site. The general approach for the design of the SIactivities is to sequence the field activities so that data are acquired andused as the field investigation progresses. This is done in order todetermine the absence or presence of contamination in a relatively shortperiod of time, optimize data collection and data quality, and to keep

* costs to a minimum.

The Remedial Investigation (RI) consists of field activities designed toquantify and identify the potential contaminant, the extent of thecontaminant plume, and the pathways of contaminant migration.

If applicable, a public health evaluation is performed to analyze thecollected data. Field tests, which may necessitate the installation ofmonitoring wells or the collection and analysis of water, soil, and/orsediment samples, are required. Careful documentation and qualitycontrol procedures in accordance with CERCLA/SARA guidelines ensurethe validity of data. Hydrogeologic studies are conducted to determinethe underlying strata, groundwater flow rates, and direction ofcontaminant migration. The findings from these studies result in theselection of one or more of the following options:

1. No Further Action - Investigations do not indicate harmful levelsof contamination that pose a significant threat to human healthor the environment. The site does not warrant further IRP action,

* and a Decision Document will be prepared to close out the site.

2. Long-Term Monitoring - Evaluations do not detect sufficientcontamination to justify costly remedial actions. Long-termmonitoring may be recommended to detect the possibility of futureproblems.

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3. Feasibility Study - Investigation confirms the presaence ofcontamination that may pose a threat to human health and/or theenvironment, and some sort of remedial action is indicated. The IFeasibility Study (FS) is therefore designed and developed toidentify and select the most appropriate remedial action. The FSmay include individual sites, groups of sites, or all sites on an Iinstallation. Remedial alternatives are chosen according toengineering and cost feasibility, state/federal regulatoryrequirements, public health effects, and environmental impacts. IThe end result of the FS is the selection of the most appropriateremedial action with concurrence by state and/or federal regulatoryagencies. i

o Remedial Design/Remedial Action

The Remedial Design involves formulation and approval of theengineering designs required to implement the selected remedial action.The Remedial Action is the actual implementation of the remedialalternative. It refers to the accomplishment of measures to eliminate thehazard or, at a minimum, reduce it to an acceptable limit. Covering alandfill with an impermeable cap, pumping and treating contaminatedgroundwater, installing a new water distribution system, and in situbiodegradation of contaminated soils are examples of remedial measuresthat might be selected. In some cases, after the remedial actions havebeen completed, a long-term monitoring system may be installed as aprecautionary measure to detect any contaminant migration or todocument the efficiency of remediation.

o Research and Development

Research and Development (R&D) activities are not always applicable ifor an IRP site but may be necessary if there is a requirement foradditional research and development of control measures. R&D tasksmay be initiated for sites that cannot be characterized or controlled Ithrough the application of currently available, proven technology. It canalso, in some instances, be used for sites deemed suitable for evaluatingnew technologies. I

o Immediate Action Alternatives

At any point, it may be determined that a former waste disposal siteposes an immediate threat to public health or the environment, thusnecessitating prompt removal of the contaminant. Immediate action,such as limiting access to the site, capping or removing contaminatedsoils, and/or providing an alternate water supply may suffice as effective

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I control measures. Sites requiring immediate removal action maintainIRP status in order to determine the need for additional remedialplanning or long-term monitoring. Removal measures or otherappropriate remedial actions may be implemented during any phase ofan IRP project.I

B. Purpose

The purpose of this IRP PA is to identify and evaluate suspected problemsassociated with past waste handling procedures, disposal sites, and spill siteson Station property.

The potential for migration of hazardous contaminants was evaluated byvisiting the Station, reviewing existing environmental data, analyzing Stationrecords concerning the use of hazardous materials and the generation ofhazardous wastes, and conducting interviews with current Station personnelwho had knowledge of past waste disposal techniques and handling methods.Pertinent information collected and analyzed as part of the PA included arecords search of the history of the Station; the local geological, hydrological,and meteorological conditions that might influence migration of contaminants;and ecological settings that indicate environmentally sensitive conditions.

* C. Scope

The scope was limited to the identification of sites at or under primary controlof the Station and evaluation of potential receptors. The PA included:

o an on-site visit during the week of April 16-20, 1990;

* o acquisition of records and information on hazardous materials use andwaste handling practices;

o acquisition of available geological, hydrological, meteorological, land useand zoning, critical habitat, and related data from federal and state

* agencies;

o a review and analysis of all information obtained; and

o preparation of a summary report to include recommendations for furtheraction.

The subcontractor effort was conducted by the following Science & Technology,Inc. (SciTek) personnel: Mr. Tracy C. Brown, Environmental Analyst;Mr. Charles T. Goodroe, Environmental Protection Specialist; and Mr. Stephen

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B. Selecman, Geologist/Hydrogeologist. Mr. Russ Dyer of the NGB is Project IOfficer for this Station. Ms. Patricia Franzen of the Hazardous WasteRemedial Actions Program (HAZWRAP) also participated in the station visit.

The point of contact (POC) at the Station was Major George R. McCurdy.Captain Michelle Fuller (187th Civil Engineering Squadron (CES)) was therepresentative from their civil engineering support facility.

D. Methodology IThe PA began with a visit to the Station to identify all operations that mayhave utilized hazardous materials or may have generated hazardous wastes.Figure 1.1 is a flow chart of the PA methodology.

Four current Station employees familiar with the various operating procedureswere interviewed. These interviews were conducted to determine those areaswhere waste materials (hazardous or nonhazardous) were used, spilled, stored,disposed of, or released into the environment. The interviewees' knowledge and iexperience with Station operations averaged three years.

Records contained in the Station files were collected and reviewed tosupplement the information obtained from the interviews.

Detailed geological, hydrological, meteorological, and environmental data for thearea were obtained from the appropriate federal, state, and local agencies. Alisting of agency contacts is included as Appendix A.

After a detailed analysis of all the information obtained, it was concluded that Ithere are no sites potentially contaminated with hazardous wastes. However,when potiential sites are identified under the IRP program and when sufficientinformation is available, these sites are numerically scored and assigned aHazard Assessment Score (HAS) using a hazard assessment ratingmethodology. However, the absence of a HAS does not necessarily negate arecommendation for further IRP investigation, but rather, may indicate a lackof data.

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I* DECISION TREE

I IRECORDS SEARCH & INTERVIEWS

I COMPLETE LIST OF LOCATIONSAND POTENTIAL SITES

EVALUATION OF PAST OPERATIONSAT LISTED SITES

II NOPTNILFOR CONTAMINATION YESI I DELETE SITES [ POTENTIAL FORMIRAIO

I [ POTENTIAL FOR OTHER

ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS N

DELEE STSENVIRONMENTALTOBRAE

PROGRAMTOBRAE

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CONSOLIDATE

SPECIISITEDATA

DECISION APPLY AIR FORCEDOCUMENTHAZARD RATING

DOCUMENTMETHODOLOGY

I [ CONCLUSIONSI

NO FURTHER /INITIATE

ACTION j SI/RI/FS

Figulre I.1

Preliminary Assessment Methodology Flow Chart

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I II. INSTALLATION DESCRIPTION

i A. LocationThe Station is located approximately three quarters of a mile south of MaxwellAir Force Base within the city and county of Montgomery, Alabama. It is onthe corner of Air Base Boulevard and Tine Street. The elevation of the Stationis approximately 170 feet above mean sea level (AMSL). Figure II.1 illustratesthe location and boundaries of the Station.

The Station occupies 15 acres and contains one principal structure to housethe Headquarters element and all maintenance activities. The area is a flat,grassy field, bordered on three sides by roads and on the fourth side by tracksof the Western Alabama Railroad. The Station is completely fenced withcontrolled access. The unimproved acreage is used to conduct training and forparking of equipment. The population during the weekday numbers 13members. Unit Training Assembly occurs one weekend per month. TheStation population during this weekend is 107 members.

B. Organization and History

The peacetime mission of the 280th CCS is to utilize its assets as a test3 mfacility for communications and electronics equipment and to conduct trainingexercises. The wartime mission is classified.

The property the Station now occupies was originally owned by the city ofMontgomery. In June of 1987, the 280th CCS moved from Maxwell Air ForceBase to their present location and has occupied the property since that date.The principal structure is a large, one story building housing the Headquartersand Administrative elements in one portion of the building and thecommunications and electronic test facility in the other. The only other3 structure is a new, prefabricated metal building that will be used as a storagefacility.

All maintenance services and repairs for vehicles are performed at Maxwell AirForce Base, and only preoperational checks are made on the Station equipmentprior to its use. Essentially, no wastes are generated by these operations.I

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III. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING

3 A. MeteorologyThe following climatological data is largely derived from the Soil Survey ofMontgomery County, Alabama (United States Department of Agriculture(USDA): Soil Conservation Service, September 1960). Montgomery County hasa humid, mild, almost subtropical climate. The average annual precipitation,based on an 85-year record (1873-1958), was 51.12 inches and ranged from26.82 inches in 1954 to 78.25 inches in 1929. By calculating net precipitationaccording to the method outlined in the Federal Register (47 FR 31224, July16, 1982), a net precipitation value of 7.12 inches per year is obtained.Rainfall intensity, based on 1-year, 24-hour rainfall, is 2.75 inches (calculatedaccording to 47 FR 31235, July 16, 1982, Figure 8). Most precipitation thatfalls from late April to early June occurs in the form of showers andthundershowers. Droughts have occurred in the spring, in the late summer,and in the early fall. From December until early April, average precipitationis high, and rivers overflow frequently. The average annual temperature overan 85-year period (1873-1958) was 68°F. The average monthly temperatureranged from 49.2F in January to 81.7F in July. Winds are usually light.Strong winds generally last only a short time, and dangerous or catastrophicwinds are rare.

I B. GeologyMontgomery County is in the northern part of the East Gulf Coastal Plain andencompasses parts of three physiographic districts: the Alluvial Plain, the BlackPrairie, and the Chunnennuggee Hills. Specifically, the Station is located inthe southern part of the Alluvial Plain district adjacent to the northern

I boundary of the Black Prairie district as illustrated in Figure III.1 (Scott etal, 1987). The topography is relatively flat in the immediate vicinity of theStation with surface elevations ranging from 160 to 168 feet above mean sealevel.

Geologic formations that crop out in Montgomery County are of sedimentary3 origin and range from Late Cretaceous rocks overlying the crystalline basementcomplex to Pleistocene terrace deposits and Recent alluvium (Knowles et al,1963). These stratigraphic units are shown in Figure 111.2 where a detailedlithologic description and average thickness for each unit is given. TheCretaceous formations dip to the south at a rate of 40 to 50 feet per mile.Older formations crop out to the north except where overlain by Quaternarydeposits, and younger formations crop out to the south as illustrated in Figure111.3 (Scott et al, 1987).

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Northern Piedmont

Southern Piedmont .....

Cahaba Valley ............................. I

Coosa Valley

fall Line Hills

Alluvial Plain .......

......Blac Pra.......r....e....3.m..... .. I.........

Chunnennu....Hills..

Modifie from..........nd .

~~~-.. ...... 20.3..0........S..........SOURCE: ~~ ~ ~ ................ US.......o..ya............ofMa.r......toSu.ae.onam.a.on.nAlbaa:Ara . 98..

Figure....................BlackPhsigapi Mapri of........ the: Area. ****:

...........2.........

System Serien Subdivision Thickness Chairacter Water supply(It.)

PlisocneAlluvium Sand. gravel. silt. and clay, Yields small quantities of aQuaternary Recent 0-20 poorly Sorted. ter to domestic and stock

TerraceSand. gravel, and clay, red- Yield large quantities of waterPleitocne eposts -80 dish-brown, poorly sorted. to municipal. industrial. and

domestic wells.

Chalk. clayey. sandy, fossilif- Yields little or no water toE Noorvile 0260 erous. Base of chalk is glau. wells.

S chalk conitic and contains phos-phate nodules.

IGreenish-gray sand, fine- to Sands in the upper and lowerEutawv medium-grained. glaucorlitic: part of formation are good

formatiOn I200-400 greenishi-gray clay, glaucon- aquifers. These aquiferstic. interbedded with sand. vield moderate to large

Thin beds of white sand- quantities of water to mu-utone in upper part. nicipal and industrial wells.

Upper Yellow sand, medium- to very Sands in the upper and middleCrej~cous Creaceus oare-galndpoorly sort- part of formation are goodU Gordo 20 ed: varcllored clay Inter- aquifers and supply water

L% frmaion 210350 beded ithsand. Beds of for municipal, Industrial.grvlInlwrpart. and domestic use. Supplies

water to flowing wells in! ow areas along Alabama

A River.I CotterGreenish-gray sand. fine- to Sands in the upper part ofCormain 50 medium - grained: greenish- formation are good aquifers

formtio 55-.L gray clay. lignitic. Interbed- and supply water for mu-

ded with sand. nicipaL use.

"rnbrian Mica schist. Yields no water to wells.

SOURCE Powell et al., Inierim Report on the Geology and Ground-Water Resourceq of Montgomer. Alaham., anti Vicinity. 1957.

I Figure 111.2Generalized Stratigraphic Column of the Area

I 111-3

OalIMt KcAlluvium

TC

PCMClayton FormationI

KpProvidence Sand

KpbPrairie Bluff Chalk

K c ~mKruV~rc I1-\ Ripley Formation

Cusseta Sand Member

Ke Demopolis Chalk

PC a Kg Mooreville ChalkI

K. a.Alabama Eutaw FormationRiverKg

Oal Gordo Formation

STATIONCoker Formation

MCK d Mississippian to Cambrian

rocks, undifferentiatedIK d K r cp C im

Kru Metamorphic and igneous

__b AmAALEGEN THRUST FAULT

LITHOLOGIC CONTACTStudyAreaDashed where inferred

Study- Axe

1 0 10 20 310 4.0 Miles

0 10 20 30 40 Km

SOURCE: Scott et al. Geohydrofogv and Suqceptbdit-9f Majar Aquifer,; to Surface Contamnination inAlab-inia: Atcei S. USGS. 1997.3

Figure 111.3

Surficial Geologic Map of the Area

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The Station is located in the Alabama River ancestral flood plain where it isunderlain by Quaternary alluvial and terrace deposits (Figure 111.3). Alluvialdeposits range in thickness from 20 to 80 feet and consist generally of porous,poorly sorted sand, gravel, silt, and clay. At the Station location, the alluviumis approximately 45 feet thick and directly overlies the Cretaceous EutawFormation that crops out a short distance to the east in the adjacent hills.The Eutaw Formation consists of fine- to medium-grained glauconitic sandinterbedded with calcareous sand, clay, and sandy clay. Its thickness isapproximately 200 to 250 feet at this location (Knowles et al, 1963).

The soils underlying the site are generally composed of the Amite andWickham fine sandy loams and the Roanoke silty loam. The Wickham soiloccurs in the western and southern parts of the Station; the Amite soil existsto the north, and Roanoke soil exists to the east. Generally, the soil thicknessranges between 1 and 8 feet, and permeabilities are classified as moderatelyrapid (2.00 to 6.00 inches per hour or 1.41 x 10' to 4.24 x 10' cm/sec) tomoderately slow (0.20 to 0.63 inches per hour or 1.41 x 10' to 4.45 x 10'cm/sec) for the group. The information pertaining to soils contained in the textwas derived from the Soil Survey of Montgomery County, Alabama (UnitedStates Department of Agriculture (USDA): Soil Conservation Service,September 1960). Soil borings are available for the Station and can be foundin Appendix B.

C. Hydrology

1. Surface Water

The Station is located in the Alabama River drainage basin. Surface water iscollected in a series of open concrete ditches where it is transported eastwardto the West End Ditch (Figure III.4). The West End Ditch then meandersnorthward 7 miles where it flows directly into the Alabama River (Figure111-5). The Station has been classified as located outside the 100-year floodplain of the Alabama River (Federal Emergency Management Agency, 19S7).

2. Groundwater

The principal aquifers in Montgomery County are the Eutaw, Gordo, and CokerFormations. More specifically with respect to the Station, the EutawFormation and the Quaternary Alluvium are of primary concern. The Eutawis the shallowest of the major aquifers and immediately underlies the porousalluvium in the vicinity of the Station.

The Eutaw is a confined artesian aquifer except where it crops out near thesurface and is in contact with porous surficial deposits. Groundwater rechargeof the Eutaw aquifer occurs in areas of near surface outcrops. The Eutawaquifer outcrops near the surface and underlies the alluvial deposits of the

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LEGENDProperty Boundary

Fence_ _ _ _ _ _ _

Existing Concrete Ditch

Proposed Concrete Ditch

Existing Roads

Surface Water Flow RouteN

Buildings

Elevation ContoursI

Scale 1" a 350'SOURCE Abqton ANG Station Base Plan. 1984.

Figure 111.4

Station Drainage Map

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IJ21 Staio PropertyIr

Surface Water FlowRotMa

Scl 1"11000

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Alabama River in Montgomery County and westward from that point. The 1Eutaw aquifer is in hydraulic communication with the permeable alluvialdeposits, and it is principally recharged by these deposits (Powel et al, 1957and Scott et al, 1987). As a result of the Station being located in the 1floodplain of the Alabama River, it is situated in a principal recharge area forthe Eutaw aquifer. Recharge of the Eutaw and Gordo aquifers in the City ofMontgomery area is greatly enhanced by cones of depression in the Ipotentiometric surface that have formed in response to pumpage frommunicipal wells (Scott et al, 1987).

The direction of groundwater movement in the Eutaw aquifer at the Stationlocation is interpreted from potentiometric maps as being to the northwest(Scott et al, 1987). The Eutaw is screened in wells in both the Montgomery ICounty North and West Municipal Water Well Fields from depths of 100 to 200feet, respectively. The Montgomery County West Municipal Water Well Fieldis the closest public water supply, and the nearest well is locatedapproximately 0.5 miles north/northwest from the Station as shown in Figure111.5 (CH 2 M Hill, 1989). Pumpage from the Montgomery County WestMunicipal Water Well Field locally enhances groundwater movement in anorthwesterly direction at the Station location; this is attributed to a cone ofdepression existing in the potentiometric surface that results from largewithdrawals of groundwater from the field. Regional groundwater movement,however, takes place in a down dip or southeasterly direction from theprincipal recharge area (Scott et al, 1987).

Alluvium deposits underlying the flood plain at the Station location are a Ipotential source of water supply; however, they are not generally developed forpublic use except in a few cases in the Montgomery County North MunicipalWater Well Field (Scott et al, 1987). The alluvium is an unconfined aquifer Iand is recharged locally. According to John C. Scott of the United StatesGeological Survey (USGS) in Montgomery, the minimum depth from the surfaceto the water table occurs between 6 and 10 feet at the Station. Principal Imovement of groundwater here is also in a northwesterly direction.Groundwater movement in alluvium deposits can be significantly influenced ona localized basis through pumpage from shallow wells (Scott et al, 1987). IHowever, this should not be the case at the Station location since no activelypumping wells exist in the immediate vicinity.

The Station is located in an area of high susceptibility for groundwatercontamination should a release occur. This is attributed to the relativelyporous soils and very porous alluvial deposits underlying the Station. Alluvialdeposits act as both a shallow aquifer and as a direct source of groundwaterfor the Eutaw Formation. The alluvium directly overlies and is in hydrauliccommunication with the Eutaw in its principal recharge area. Furthermore,the withdrawal of large volumes of groundwater from the Montgomery CountyWest Municipal Water Well Field have produced a cone of depression in the

IIII-81

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I potentiometric surface at the Eutaw level (Scott et al, 1987). This locallyenhances recharge of the aquifer in this area.ID. Critical Habitats/Endangered or Threatened Species

I According to current records maintained by the Alabama Department ofConservation and Natural Resources, Alabama Natural Heritage Program, noendangered or threatened species of flora or fauna have been identified withina 1-mile radius of the Station. No designated critical habitats exist in thisarea.

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has not surveyed and mapped wetlandswithin a 1-mile radius of the Station. However, the Montgomery South,Alabama quadrangle map (United States Geological Survey, 1981) suggests thepresence of minor wetlands approximately one-half mile north and northwestof the Station.

The Station is located in a major recharge area for the Eutaw aquifer, whichis an important source of potable water for the residents of Montgomery andespecially for residents of rural areas in Montgomery County (Scott et al, 1987).

II1IIIII

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I IV. SITE EVALUATION

I A. Activity ReviewA review of Station records and interviews with personnel were used to identifyspecific operations in which the majority of hazardous materials and/orhazardous wastes are used, stored, processed, and disposed. Fresh productdiesel fuel and automotive gasoline (MOGAS) are stored in tank trucks andfuel trailers parked at the Station. The 280th CCS generates hazardouswastes primarily through its vehicle maintenance operations. Vehiclemaintenance personnel are assigned to the Station, but the maintenanceactivities occur at Maxwell Air Force Base. Consequently, negligible quantitiesof hazardous wastes are generated, stored, or disposed of at the Station. Forthis reason, the Hazardous Waste Disposal Summary that is normally includedin this section was not developed.

The potable water supply and sanitary sewer services for the Station areprovided by the Water Works and Sanitary Sewer Board of the City ofMontgomery. No water wells are present within the Station's boundaries.

U B. Disposal/Spill Site Information, Evaluation, and Hazard AssessmentFour persons were interviewed to identify and locate potential sites that mayhave been contaminated by hazardous wastes as a result of past Stationoperations. No potentially contaminated sites were identified.

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I V. CONCLUSIONS

I Information obtained through interviews with four present Station personnel,a review of Station records, and field observations indicated that there are nopotentially contaminated disposal and/or spill sites on Station property.

IIIIIIIIIIIIIi V-1

I

II VI. RECOMMENDATIONS

I No further IRP investigation is recommended for the Station.

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I BIBLIOGRAPHY

I Abston ANG Station. Base Master Plan. Montgomery, Alabama, 1984.Army Aviation Support Facility No. 1. Hazardous Materials Checklists.

Records on File at Army Aviation Support Facility No. 1, AlabamaArmy National Guard, Montgomery, Alabama, 1988.

IChristian T-7sting Laboratories, Inc. Test Boring Records, SS-2295-85.Communications and Electronics Facility, Montgomery, Alabama,1985.

CH 2M Hill Southeast, Inc. Water and Wastewater System ComprehensivePlan: Update. The Water Works and Sanitary Board of the Cityof Montgomery, Alabama, 1989.

David Volkert and Associates, Inc. Drainage Area Map City ofMontgomery. Montgomery, Alabama, 1976.

Federal Emergency Management Agency. Flood Insurance Rate Map, Cityof Montgomery. Alabama. Community Panel #010174 0045 E,Baltimore, Maryland, 1987.

Knowles, D. B., et al. Geology and Ground-Water Resources ofMontgomery County, Alabama. Part A, Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 1606, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,D.C., 1963.

Knowles, D. B., et al. Geology and Ground-Water Resources ofMontgomery County, Alabama. Bulletin 68, Part B, GeologicalSurvey of Alabama, Outlook Publishing Company, Alexander City,Alabama, 1960.

I Powell, W. J., et al. Interim Report on the Geology and Ground-WaterResources of Montgomery, Alabama and Vicinity. InformationSeries -3, Geological Survey of Alabama, 1957.

Science and Technology, Inc. Alabama National Guard Dannelly FieldMunicipal Airport, Montgomery, Alabama. Army National Guard,Aberdeen Proving Grounds, Maryland, 1990.

Scott, J. C., et al. Geohydrology and Susceptibility of Major Aquifers toSurface Contamination in Alabama; Area 8. Water-ResourcesInvestigations Report 86-4360, United States Geological Survey,1987.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY (continued) i

United States Congress. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976. IPublic Law 94-580, (1976).

United States Congress. Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act iof 1986. Public Law 99-499, (1986).

United States Department of Agriculture (USDA): Soil Conservation iService. Soil Survey Montgomery of County, Alabama. September1960.

United States Department of Defense. Defense Environmental QualityProgram Policy Memorandum (DEQPPM 80-6). June 1980.

United States Environmental Protection Agency. Federal Register. 47:137, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., July 16,1982.

United States Geological Survey (USGS). Montgomery, South Quadrangle(Alabama). 7.5 Minute Series (Topographic), 1958. I

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U

I GLOSSARY OF TERMS

ALLUVIAL - Pertaining to or composed of alluvium, or deposited by a streamor running water.

ALLUVIUM - A general term for detrital deposits made by streams on riverbeds, flood plains, and alluvial fans. The term applies to stream deposits ofrecent time.

ANNUAL PRECIPITATION - The total amount of rainfall and snowfall forthe year.

AQUIFER - A body of rock that is sufficiently permeable to conductgroundwater and yield economically significant quantities of water to wells andsprings.

ARGILLACEOUS - Like or containing clay.

I ARTESIAN AQUIFER - A water-bearing bed that contains water underhydrostatic pressure.

I BASIN - (a) A depressed area with no surface outlet; (b) A drainage basin orriver basin; (c) A low area in the Earth's crust, of tectonic origin, in which

* sediments have accumulated.

BAY - A wide, curving open indentation, recess, or inlet of a sea or lake intothe land or between two capes or headlands, larger than a cove, and usuallysmaller than, but of the same general character as a gulf.

BED [stratig] - The smallest formal unit in the hierarchy of lithostratigraphicunits. In a stratified sequence of rocks it is distinguishable from layers aboveand below. A bed commonly ranges in thickness from a centimeter to a few

meters.

BEDDING [stratig] - The arrangement of sedimentary rock in beds or layersof varying thickness and character.

BEDROCK - A general term for the rock, usually solid, that underlies soil orother unconsolidated, superficial material.

U BOULDER - A detached rock mass larger than a cobble, having a diametergreater than 256 mm, being somewhat rounded or otherwise distinctly shaped

* by abrasion in the course of transport.

CALCAREOUS - Containing calcium carbonate.

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CLAY [soil] - A rock or mineral particle in the soil having a diameter less than0.002 mm (2 microns).

CLAY [geol] - A rock or mineral fragment or a detrital particle of anycomposition smaller than a fine silt grain, having a diameter less than 1/256mm (4 microns).

COARSE-TEXTURED (light textured) SOIL - Sand or loamy sand.

CONE OF DEPRESSION - The depression of heads around a pumping wellcaused by the withdrawal of water.

CONFINED AQUIFER - An aquifer bounded above and below by impermeablebeds, or by beds of distinctly lower permeability than that of the aquifer itself.

CONGLOMERATE - A coarse-grained sedimentary rock, composed of rounded ipebbles, cobbles, and boulders, set in a fine-grained matrix of sand or silt, andcommonly cemented by calcium carbonate, iron oxide, silica, or hardened clay.

CONSOLIDATION - Any process whereby loosely aggregated, soft, or liquidearth materials become firm and coherent rock; specif, the solidification of amagma to form an igneous rock, or the lithification of loose sediments to forma sedimentary rock.

CONTAMINANT - As defined by Section 101(f)(33) of Superfund Amendments iand Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA) shall include, but not be limited toany element, substance, compound, or mixture, including disease-causingagents, which after release into the environment and upon exposure, ingestion,inhalation, or assimilation into any organism, either directly from theenvironment or indirectly by ingestion through food chains, will or mayreasonably be anticipated to cause death, disease, behavioral abnormalities, Icancer, genetic mutation, physiological malfunctions (including malfunctions inreproduction), or physical deformation in such organisms or their offspring;except that the term "contaminant" shall not include petroleum, including Icrude oil or any fraction thereof which is not otherwise specifically listed ordesignated as a hazardous substance under:

(a) any substance designated pursuant to Section 311(b)(2)(A) of theFederal Water Pollution Control Act,

(b) any element, compound, mixture, solution, or substancedesignated pursuant to Section 102 of this Act,

(c) any hazardous waste having the characteristics identified under

or listed pursuant to Section 3001 of the Solid Waste Disposal

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Act (but not including any waste the regulation of which underthe Solid Waste Disposal Act has been suspended by Act ofCongress),

(d) any toxic pollutant listed under Section 307(a) of the FederalWater Pollution Control Act,

(e) any hazardous air pollutant listed under Section 112 of theClean Air Act, and

(f) any imminently hazardous chemical substance or mixture withrespect to which the administrator has taken action pursuantto Section 7 of the Toxic Substances Control Act;

and shall not include natural gas, liquefied natural gas, or synthetic gas ofpipeline quality (or mixtures of natural gas and such synthetic gas).

CREEK - A term generally applied to any natural stream of water, normallylarger than a brook but smaller than a river.

CRETACEOUS - The final period of the Mesozoic era. Thought to havecovered the time span between 135 and 65 million years ago; also, thecorresponding system of rocks.

CRITICAL HABITAT - The specific areas within the geographical area occupiedby the species on which are found those physical or biological features (I)essential to the conservation of the species and (II) which may require specialmanagement consideration or protection.

DEPOSITS - Earth material of any type, either consolidated or unconsolidated,* that has accumulated by some natural process or agent.

DIP - The angle that a stratum or any planar feature makes with thehorizontal, measured perpendicular to strike and in the vertical plane.

DOLOMITE - A sedimentary rock consisting of calcium magnesium carbonate,CaMg(CO) 2. Occurs in beds formed by the alteration of limestone.

DRAINAGE CLASS (natural) - Refers to the frequency and duration of periodsof saturation or partial saturation during soil formation, as opposed to altered

Sdrainage, which is commonly the result of artificial drainage or irrigation butmay be caused by the sudden deepening of channels or the blocking of drainageoutlets. Seven classes of natural soil drainage are recognized:

Excessively drained - Water is removed from the soil very rapidly.Excessively drained soils are commonly very coarse textured, rocky,

GI-3II

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or shallow. Some are steep. All are free of the mottling related to Iwetness.

Somewhat excessively d;-,ined - Water is removed from the soilrapidly. Many somewhat excessively drained soils are sandy andrapidly pervious. Some are shallow. Some are so steep that muchof the water they receive is lost as runoff. All are free of the Imottling related to wetness.

Well-drained - Water is removed from the soil readily, but not rapidly,It is available to plants throughout most of the growing season, andwetness does not inhibit growth of roots for significant periods duringmost growing seasons. Well-drained soils are commonly medium itextured. They are mainly free of mottling.

Moderately well drained - Water is removed from the soil somewhatslowly during some periods. Moderately well drained soils are wetfor only a short time during the growing season, but periodically forlong enough that most mesophytic crops are affected. They commonlyhave a slowly pervious layer within or directly below the solum, orperiodically receive high rainfall, or both.

Somewhat poorly drained - Water is removed slowly enough that thesoil is wet for significant periods during the growing season. Wetnessmarkedly restricts the growth of mesophytic crops unless artificialdrainage is provided. Somewhat poorly drained soils commonly havea slowly pervious layer, a high water table, additional water fromseepage, nearly continuous rainfall, or a combination of these.

Poorly drained - Water is removed so slowly that the soil is saturatedperiodically during the growing season or remains wet for longperiods. Free water is commonly at or near the surface for long Ienough periods during the growing season that most mesophytic cropscannot be grown unless the soil is artificially drained. The soil is notcontinuously saturated in layers directly below plow depth. Poor Idrainage results from a high water table, a slowly pervious layerwithin the profile, seepage, nearly continuous rainfall, or acombination of these. IVery poorly drained - Water is removed from the soil so slowly thatfree water remains at or on the surface during most of the growingseason. Unless the soil is artificially drained, most mesophytic cropscannot be grown. Very poorly drained soils are commonly level ordepressed and are frequently ponded. Yet, where rainfall is high andnearly continuous, they can have moderate or high slope gradients,as for example in "hillpeats" and "climatic moors."

G1-4 II

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DRAINAGEWAY - A channel or course along which water moves in draining* an area.

ENDANGERED SPECIES - Any species which is in danger of extinctionthroughout all or a significant portion of its range, other than a species of theClass Insecta determined by the secretary to constitute a pest whose protectionwould present an overwhelming and overriding risk to man.

EROSION - The general process or the group of processes whereby thematerials of the Earth's crust are loosened, dissolved, or worn away, andsimultaneously moved from one place to another by natural agencies, butusually exclude mass wasting.

FINE-GRAINED - Said of a soil in which silt and/or clay predominate.

I FINE-TEXTURED (heavy textured) SOIL - Sandy clay, silty clay, and clay.FLOOD PLAIN - The surface or strip of relatively smooth land adjacent to ariver channel, constructed by the present river in its existing regimen andcovered with water when the river overflows its banks.

I FORMATION - A body of rock strata that consists dominantly of a certainlithologic type or combination of types.

U GLAUCONITIC SANDSTONE - greensand, composed of a green mineral,closely related to the micas and essentially a hydrous potassium iron silicate.

GRAVEL - An unconsolidated, natural accumulation of rounded rock fragmentsresulting from erosion, consisting predominantly of particles larger than sand,such as boulders, cobbles, pebbles, granules or any combination of these

I fragments.GROUNDWATER - Refers to the subsurface water that occurs beneath thewater table in soils and geologic formations that are fully saturated.

HARM - Hazard Assessment Rating Methodology - A system adopted and used* by the United States Air Force to develop and maintain a priority listing of

potentially contaminated sites on installations and facilities for remedial actionbased on potential hazard to public health, welfare, and environmental impacts.(Reference: DEQPPM 81-5, December 11, 1981.)

HAS - Hazard Assessment Score - The score developed by using the HazardAssessment Rating Methodology (HARM).

I GI-5

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I

HAZARDOUS MATERIAL - Any substance or mixture of substances havingproperties capable of producing adverse effects on the health and safety of thehuman being. Specific regulatory definitions also found in OSHA and DOTrules.

HAZARDOUS WASTE - A solid or liquid waste that, because of its quantity,concentration, or physical, chemical, or infectious characteristics may:

a. cause, or significantly contribute to, an increase in mortality oran increase in serious or incapacitating reversible illness, or

b. pose a substantial present or potential hazard to human healthor the environment when improperly treated, stored,transported, disposed of, or otherwise managed.

HERBICIDE - A weed killer.

IGNEOUS ROCKS - Rock or mineral that has solidified from molten orpartially molten material, i.e. from magma.

INTERBEDDED - Beds lying between or alterrating with others of differentcharacter; especially rock material laid down in sequence between other beds.

LIMESTONE - A sedimentary rock consisting of the mineral calcite (calciumcarbonate, CaCO3 ) with or without magnesium carbonate.

LITHOLOGY - 1. The description of rocks. 2. The physical character of arock.

LOAM - A rich, permeable soil composed of a friable mixture of relatively equalproportions of sand, silt, and clay particles, and usually containing organicmatter. iMEAN LAKE EVAPORATION - The total evaporation amount for a particulararea; amount based on precipitation and climate (humidity).

METAMORPHIC ROCK - Any rock derived from pre-existing rocks bymineralogical, chemical, and/or structural changes, essentially in solid state, in iresponse to marked changes in temperature, pressure, shearing stress, and

chemical environment, generally at depth in the Earth's crust.

MIGRATION [Contaminant] - The movement of contaminants through pathways(groundwater, surface water, soil, and air).

Il

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I MINERAL - A naturally occurring inorganic element or compound having anorderly internal structure and characteristic chemical composition, crystal formand physical properties.

NET PRECIPITATION - Precipitation minus evaporation.

I OUTCROP - That part of a geologic formation or structure that appears at thesurface of the Earth; also, bedrock that is covered only by surficial depositssuch as alluvium.

PERMEABILITY - The capacity of a porous rock, sediment, or soil fortransmitting a fluid without impairment by the structure of the medium; it isIa measure of the relative ease of fluid flow under unequal pressure.PLEISTOCENE - The first epoch of the Quaternary period; the Pleistocenebegan two to three million years ago and lasted until the start of the Holoceneperiod some 8000 years ago.

POROSITY - The ratio of the aggregate volume of interstices in a rock or soilto its total volume.

POTENTIOMETRIC SURFACE - An imaginary surface representing the totalhead of groundwater and defined by the level to which water will rise in awell. The water table is a particular potentiometric surface.

I QUARTZ - A crystalline silica, an important rock forming mineral: SiO2.Occurs either in transparent hexagonal crystals (colorless or colored byimpurities) or in crystalline. Forms the major proportion of most sands andhas a widespread distribution in igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks.

QUATERNARY - The second period of the Cenozoic era, following Tertiary;also, the corresponding system of rocks.

RECENT - An epoch of the Quaternary period which covers the span of timefrom the end of the Pleistocene epoch, approximately 8000 years ago, to thepresent. Also called the Holocene epoch.

RIVER - A general term for a natural freshwater surface stream ofconsiderable volume and a permanent or seasonal flow, moving in a definitechannel toward a sea, lake, or another river.

SAND - A rock or mineral particle in th - soil, having a diameter in the range0.52 - 2 mm.SANDSTONE - A medium-grained fragmented sedimentary rock composed of

abundant round or angular sand fragments set in a fine-grained matrix (silt

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or clay) and more or less firmly united by a cementing material (commonly Isilica, iron oxide, or calcium carbonate).

SANDY LOAM - A soil containing 43 - 85% sand, 0 - 50% silt, and 0 - 20% iclay, or containing at least 52% sand and no more than 20% clay and havingthe percentage of silt plus twice the percentage of clay exceeding 30% orcontaining 43 - 52% sand, less than 50% silt, and less than 7% clay.

SCHIST - A medium- or coarse-grained, strongly foliated, crystalline rock;formed by dynamic metamorphism.

SEDIMENTARY ROCK - A rock resulting from the consolidation of loosesediment that has accumulated in layers; e.g., a clastic rock (such as Iconglomerate or tillite) consisting of mechanically formed fragments of older

rock transported from its source and deposited in water or from air or ice; ora chemical rock (such as rock salt or gypsum) formed by precipitation from isolution; or an organic rock (such as certain limestones) consis t ing of theremains or secretions of plants and animals.

SHALE - A fine-grained detrital sedimentary rock, formed by the consolidation(especially by compression) of clay, silt, or mud.

SILT [soil] - (a) A rock or mineral particle in the soil, having a diameter in the irange 0.002-0.005 mm; (b) A soil containing more than 80% silt-size particles,less than 12% clay, and less than 20% sand. 3SILT LOAM - A soil containing 50 - 88% silt, 0 - 27% clay and 0 - 50% sand.

SOIL PERMEABILITY - The characteristic of the soil that enables water to imove downward through the profile. Permeability is measured as the distanceper unit time that water moves downward through the saturated soil.

Terms describing permeability are:

Very Slow - less than 0.06 inches per hour (less than 4.24 x 10' icm/sec)

Slow - 0.06 to 0.20 inches per hour (4.24 x 10' to 1.41 x 10-4

cm/see)

Moderately Slow - 0.20 to 0.63 inches per hour (1.41 x 10' to 4.45 X 10'icm/sec)

Moderate - 0.63 to 2.00 inches per hour (4.45 x 10." to 1.41 x 10'cm/sec)

IGI-I

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I

I Moderately Rapid 2.00 to 6.00 inches per hour (1.41 x 10' to 4.24 x 10'cm/sec)

Rapid - 6.00 to 20.00 inches per hour (4.24 x 10' to 1.41 x 10.2cm/sec)

Very Rapid - more than 20.00 inches per hour (more than 1.41 x 102cm/sec)

3 (Reference: U.S.D.A. Soil Conservation Service)SOLVENT - A substance, generally a liquid, capable of dissolving other

* substances.

STONE - A general term for rock that is used for construct'on, either crushedfor use as aggregate or cut into shaped blocks as dimension .- , e.

STRATIGRAPHIC UNIT - A body of strata recognized as a unit for description,mapping, or correlation.

STRIKE - The direction taken by a structural surface, e.g., a bedding or faultplane, as it intersects the horizontal.

SURFACE WATER - All water exposed at the ground surface, includingstreams, rivers, ponds, and lakes.

TERRACE - Any long, narrow, relatively level or gently inclined surface,generally less broad than a plain, bounded along one edge by a steeperdescending slope and along the other by a steeper ascending slope.

THREATENED SPECIES - Any species which is likely to become anendangered species within the foreseeable future throughout all or a significantportion of its range.

TOPOGRAPHY - The general conformation of a land surface, including itsrelief and the position of its natural and man-made features.

3 UNCONSOLIDATED - (a) Sediment that is loosely arranged or unstratified, orwhose particles are not cemented together, occurring either at the surface orat depth. (b) Soil material that is in a loosely aggregated form.

U VALLEY - Any low-lying land bordered by higher ground, especially anelongate, relatively large, gently sloping depression of the earth's surface,commonly situated between two mountains or between ranges of hills andmountains, and often containing a stream or river with an outlet. It is usuallydeveloped by stream or river erosion, but can be formed by faulting.

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WATER TABLE - The upper limit of the portion of the ground that is whollysaturated with water; the surface on which the fluid pressure in the pores ofi

a porous medium is exactly atmospheric.

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IIIIIU Appendix AII Outside Agency Contact ListIIIIUIIIIII

I

I OUTSIDE AGENCY CONTACT LIST

I 1) Alabama Air National Guard187th Tactical Fighter GroupCivil EngineeringP.O. Box 250284Montgomery, Alabama 36125-0284Captain Michelle Fuller(205) 284-7302

2) Alabama Department of Environmental Management1751 Dickinson DriveMontgomery, AlabamaJames McIndoe(205) 242-6078

3) Alabama Natural Heritage ProgramAlabama Department of Conservation and Natural ResourcesState Lands Division64 North Union StreetMontgomery, Alabama 36130Mark A. Bailey(205) 261-3007

I 4) City of MontgomeryPlanning, Programming and TransportationP.O. Box 1111Montgomery, Alabama 36101Kloeb Loflin(205) 241-2712

5) Federal Emergency Management AgencyNatural and Technological Hazards Division1371 Peachtree Street NESuite 735Atlanta, Georgia 30309Don Hansford(404) 853-4424

* 6) Industrial Development Board of the City of Montgomery1325 Kershaw StreetP.O. Box 9111Montgomery, Alabama 36108Lois Kelly(205) 265-1511

* A-i

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OUTSIDE AGENCY CONTACT LIST (continued) i7) Publication Sales Office

Geological Survey of AlabamaP.O. Box 0Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35486-9780(205) 349-2852 (Ext. 303)

8) United States Department of AgricultureSoil Conservation Service4510 South Court StreetMontgomery, Alabama 36105David J. Barrow 3(205) 832-7257

9) United States Fish and Wildlife ServiceP.O. Drawer 1190Daphne, Alabama 36526Sandy Tucker(205) 690-2181

10) United States Geological SurveyWater Resources Division2721 Gunter Park Drive WestMontgomery, Alabama 36109John C. Scott(205) 223-7511

11) Water Works and Sanitary Sewer IBoard of the City of Montgomery22 Bibb StreetP.O. Box 1631Montgomery, Alabama 36102Roy D. Holmberg(205) 240-1626

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IIIII

1 Appendix B

II Soil Borings* at the Station

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I*)ErM DZSOFrrION K ELEV -PE.r,%aTON PC) BLOWS PEP. FT. f: -

n.0JT- 167.0 bo Io 0 20 30 40 60 80 100

TAN & RED ClkYEY SAN -IM 16H ~ ~ ~ tM-C~SAND 122.M2." - _- -- - -- - 3 "T- O - - - - - - -- -' ..: 1..REDDISH-ORANCE TO TAN

GMVEILY - --FIRT- SAND !22

28 'a~ IC, I28 157.0F F

152.01

16.5'

BOR.ING TERU-1NAT ED t

147.0i I

I

I ,I - I

io~ and ~oSampling MeetsSTM 0-156 T ES T 8BOR I NG R E CORD0Penetration isthWe Numbe.r of B~ows of 140 1b. Hammer BORING NO. 3-1LFaiiini30 in. Reuired to Drive 1.4 in .0 See ier I Ft.T P O I G 5

j Udisurl)ecl ,t~le -- Water Table After I Hour TP O IG 5I U DATE RILLED 5..,mWater Table

FO M---5 JOB NO. ss-:295-85 .,CTLF OM '5B Nuoring CavedAf Cer Hour Co140 Tb. mEr'N G L C.-i_,ES >"- '

T BB-R

IB-i I I I IIII I I I l I

I

DeYrH ;ECRJIP"ON 4 EILEV -P-EL'RATION (N) BLOWS PER FT. ; "

0.0' 167.0_!', to 20 30 40 60 8 0 IM

REDDISH ORANGE TO TAN GRAVELLY II.DIUM-COARSE SAND

-FIRM- 1.TO 162.0 I

-DENSE-ITo 21 I

-FIRM- ___-

37157.01 I , . I

iI I16.5' i6 IBORING TEINATED'i147.01__I

BorngmndSamolinq Meets ASTMO OI b TjE-S T B-0-R-I-N- G R-E C RO I

Pnriniration is t e Number of Blows of 140 lb.TEBORING R HammerFaling3o in. Reouired to Orive I 4;n I r) 4,'- , BORING NO.

Undirbe Samcte Water Table After 1 HourYPEaORINGzae ai DATEODRILLED /VS

_ Water Table

O- JOB NO. SS-2295-8S "CTL-FORM O.-51o Boring Caved After I Hour CwIS',AN "TPS"I,- .=qOA7'aOES ,' "

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DriDECRJPTfON N ELEYV *PETrATON (N) BLOWS PER Fr. 2I- Dy rjs I .-- 167.0t 10217131)40 6n so itx )6I1.5' YD N _ A, _ .;Z--U1REDDISH-ORNCE TO TAN To CRAY 13

GRAVELLY MEflII-COARSE SAND 162.0I

-FILM- 18 -

111157.0 -

147.01I 114142.0 ______

Z6.5' __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24

BORING TERLMINATED

137.01 ______

84eHng and SampligqMen ASTMD.-1586 T E ST BO0R I NG R E C O R 0Pnmetration is th~e Number of Blows of 140 lb. Hammer BORNGNo.8-Falling3D in. Required to Drive 1,4 in I.D. Sarnoler I t.~B RN O -

-= Water Table After I HourTYEBRN 2

Undisturbed Sample - ae al DT RLE /11/95

.JOBNO. SS-2295-35 :'CTLFORM 00D.1 a - oigCvdAfter I Hour WtTA .

B-3

I

DE'I DESC 17PTION N ELEY PENTATION M BLOWS PER Fr. I0.0 'T 167.Ob 10 20 30 40 60 8n ) 1 00O

RED & TAIN CLAYEY SAND -FIRIM-"SC-S; SA

REDDISH-ORANGE TO TAN GRAVELLY 251

?=fIUM-COARSE SAND 162.02-o8 ° C.o I-FIRM-,"SP-SM"928G

-2 157.0 I I i

' t I_ i

152.0J

16.5' 17 97

BO.1,r ERIATD147.o0

I,! I, )i I i.i

II

BorngandSamolingMeetsASTM 0.1586 TEST BORING RECORDPenetration is te Numbr of Blows of 140 lb. Hammer BORING NO. _ - _Falling30 in. Re uired to Drive 1.4 in I., Samoer 1 Ft. TYPE BORING SB

Undisturbed Sample Water Table After I Hour DATEDRILLED 4/11/85_.., Water Table -

FORM Table JOB NO. ss-2295-85 CTLFORM 0O-510 Boring Caved After I Hour ':MOISTIAN "N t.OIr) LS NC ""

B-4 3

I

I

WTH DESO If ON N E V PF...q TION (N) BLOWS PER FT. " =--m.L3. kOL --r..~

)-01 167.0ti 10 20 30 40 60 80 100

___TAN CLAYEY SAND -FIRM-_ 8

REDDISH ORANGE TO TAN GRAVELLY=IiED I-COARSE SAD 16

TO-DENSE- 26 0To -FT "k - I -

30 157.o0,,

152.01

U 16.5' 1520BORING TERMINATED

S147.0 _IU{

I HI

I _

I ., ... I II,

BoingandSamoingMetsAST M.1586 TEST BORING RE CO R 0Penetraton is the Number of Blows of 140 lb. Hammer BORING NO. -5Falling3Oin. Requireti to Drive 1.4 in i.D. Samoier 1 Ft.

7= ATYPE BORING SD

Undisrbed Samole DATEater Table A er D EDRILLED=-:_-WaterTal JOB NO. SS-2295-85 .CTL

FOM -50Boring Caved After 1 Hour CW.PSTIAN T STING LASOQATC i IFS

B-5

I

Ir

DOM DESC3UF.TON N 11EV PI ETZ&ATION (N) BLOWS PER FT. I0.0' 167.0±0 10 20 30 40 60 80 100 5

REDDISH-ORANGE TO TAN GRAVELLY

MEDIUtJ0ARSE SAND 1

-F R - 5 1 6 2 .04 96.5' 14

BORING TERMINATED

157.0

aD I N

I I=

II_ -t I

t I

Penietration, is the Number of BIo-vs of 140 lb. Hammer BOR ING NO. B-6_____F aling 30 in. Required t0 Drive 1.4 n ID. Sa oer 1 Ft. T P O I G S

~Vater TablezUndisturbed Samoie DATE DRILLED 1 '11"2

FOR 0-51 WterTaleJOB NO. SS-7295-iS CTL .

FORM .S1OBor ing Caved CNOISTIAF4 TESTING LAeB ATOCIBS !NC. NC

B-6

LI

DEM DES4t21TION N ELEV

PENETTION (N) BLOWS PER FT.

0.0 166.01 ) O 10 20 30 40 60 o oam 15

RED & TAN/ CLAYEY SAND,.'-FIRM- "*SC-SM" SA

1MN GRAVELLY MEDILM-COARSE SAI M 1-FIF.--1o h

BCF-LNG TMXMINATED

1156.0 i

S i

I

It _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ __ L. . ...1 ___ ... ..__ 1BorngandSamoing MeeutsTMo.1586 TEST B OR I IN G RECORDPv"l.tration is the Number of Blows of 140 lb. Hammer BORING NO. B-7FRilinq30 in. Required to Drive 1.4 in I.D. Samorier 1 Ft.m Und.-=b., Sa =J " W.. r ,."TYPE BORING Sa

amre-DATEDRILLED SWater Tale ATEORING S

Water Table SS-229S-a5 £CTLFORM eD.510 Bornq Caved C IT, I-aN 'TSTI.G LA.r ".:,,I Nc "

B-7U

I

DEIFTH DESCPJ-TON N -LIEV PE74VITION (N) B LOWS PER FT. -I

0.0' 166.Otd1 i 20 30 40 60 80 100 E

GRAY GRAVELLY SILTY SANDI-FIRM-

TO 3,

6.5' -2

5.. -

1161.0

B0RING TERMINATIL6

156.0 __

, .- , I____

I I

IIIIi I

Scrin andSam ling Meet ASrM D-1 586 T E ST BO0R IN G RECORDPirietration is the Number of Blows of 140 lb. Hammer BORING NO. -8

Falling30 in. Required to Drive 1.4 in ID. Samoler I Ft.

Water Table TYPE BORING SBUdsubdSmlDATE ORILLED 4/11/85

. W at:e r TableWt TalJOB NO. SS-2295-85 ;.C T"

FORM O0.510 Boring Caved C 15IAN ?TES I' LACROAT ,C'It "i -.'I

B-8

I

H ~ TH DUCKLM'ION N ELEY PENU-4ATION (N) SLOWS PERFTf.0 FT 166.td 10 20 30 40 6( 0 otot)

ITAN C;LAYEY SAND -FiRM%- 140REDOI~ii-ORANC E & TAN GRAVELLY

!EIUK-COARSE StUM 32 .

6.5' -DENSE- 2161.FIN

-FM- 25

BORING TERMINATED

156.4,

Ioigai Sa oiqMesAT -56TE*terto is the Nu broBoso_10l,_ __,rB RIGN -

Faln 0i .R qie oDie . nII a oe t P BO I 5Wae Tal

Undisturbed_ Sampl DA E _RI LE_ 1/2

UofngnBorhingetsST Caved6 TESTTA BOR ING RECOarn09 IN

Peetatonisth Nm'e o Oow a 10 b Hrn~rBOBN-N9