Upload
others
View
3
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Phytoplankton monitoring from Earth Observation by Francis Gohin
Ifremer/Dyneco/Pelagos
63.9 ma m-30.0 ma m-3,
0.0 0.4 1.0 1.7 2.8 4.3 6.5 9.4 13.6 19.4 27.6 38.9 54.8Chloropliylle-a (my m-3)
IfremerISECA final meeting Nausicaa June 30-July 1st 2014
2 main in-situ monitoring networks in France-RESOMAR (INSU/CNRS) : RESeau des Stations et Observatoires MArins
-REPHY (Ifremer): REseau d’Observation et de Surveillance du PHYtoplancton et des Phycotoxines
The REPHY is fully dedicated to the monitoring o f the phytoplankton
Observation and Monitoring Network fo r Phytoplankton and Phycotoxins
•Geographical area : the whole coast of France + French overseas islands
•Implemented by Ifremer since 1984
•Two objectives
-Environmental : long term time-series of phytoplankton populations-Sanitary : monitoring of toxic phytoplankton
REPHY sampling stations
* -
# ■
rm
V%
r a p h y (
t
- phytoplanhton- chtoropfiylf-a -temperature- salinity -turbidity-d isso lved oxygen -nutrients
All phytoplanktonspecieson 55 stations
Only dominant and harmful species on 93 oilier stations
Time series 25 yearson ~ 20 stations
f%10-20 yearson numerous stations
ISECA final meeting Nausicaa June 30-July 1st 2014
The annual cycle of Chlorophyll-a (indicator of the phytoplankton biomass)
on the English Channel
Contribution of Earth Observation to our knowledge of the phytoplankton development
ISECA final meeting Nausicaa June 30-July 1st 2014
Annual cycle of the chlorophyll concentration (from SeaWiFS/MODIS/MERIS 1998-2008)
ISECA final meeting Nausicaa June 30-July 1st 2014
Monitoring for the WFD (Water Framework Directive) Indicators of the Phytoplankton Quality
for the Eutrophication riskBiomass (Chl-a), Abundance (number of blooms), Harmful blooms
The quality indicator for the biomass is the percentile 90 o f the Chl-a during theproductive period (March to October)
High Good Moderate Poor Bad
0 - 5 5 - 1 0 1 0 - 2 0 2 0 - 4 0 > 4 0
Limits o f the P90 classes applied to the coastal water bodies for the Atlantic Coast
ISECA final meeting Nausicaa June 30-July 1st 2014
Observation from space and in-situCHL MODIS 2003-2009
Wean P90 'MODIS' : 1 6.21 Mean P90 Situ; 6.98Correlation coef.: 0 .90
Point_4_SRN_Dunkerque
LucPointJ _SRN_DunkerqueP oint_3_SRN „Boulogne •
Highest values observed at Cabourg (Loire 1_uc sur mer) .Ouest-Loscollo (Vilaine)
La 0Cak'durg
Don F_wSQ
Cha
And ... Boulogne and Dunkerque
• Stations in-situ
I Masses d'eau
P90 of Chl-a
logarithmic scaleBas
Lovk, r values at Bastiaî-Toulon_gde_rade
.From; 2 0 0 3 /0 1 to 2 0 0 9 / 1 2J___________i______ i___ 5___ i__ i__i__i i I_______ ___ i___
in situ p90 of the p. s e a s o n in mg.m"3
From : Atlas de la Température, de la concentration en Chlorophylle et de la Turbidité de surface du plateau continental français et de ses abords de l ’Ouest européen.
Rapport DCSMM Ifremer janvier 2011 : http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00057/16840/14306.pdf
ISECA final meeting Nausicaa June 30-July 1st 2014
Ch
loro
ph
yll
a
(mg.
rn
')Comparisons at the MAREL instrumented buoy of Boulogne
Chi derived from in-situ fluorescence and from satellite reflectance
10.0
1 .0
o . i
12/10 02/11 04/11 06/11 O S /ll 10/11M ean - a n d P 9 0 - - In S itu fro m M a rch 2 0 0 4 to N o v e m b e r 2011
bo u ee_ m a re l_ ca rn o t
70,0 |I ^
É M E R I S+ M O D IS s itu
ISECA final meeting Nausicaa June 30-July 1st 2014
But the best contribution of the satellite is clearly the spatial coverage
Limits o f the WFD water bodies
n IFREMERDYNECOjs CERSAT B i o m a s s i n d i c a to r - " C h lo ro p h y l l - a " (2001-2006)Bertrand Sanlqwn i Francs Cohni SATELLITES S eaW IF S MODIS OC5.
IFREMER DYNECO Si CERSAT P 9 0 C h l o r o p h y l l - a p r o d u c t i v e p e r i o d (2 0 0 1 - 2 0 0 6 )K Bertrand Saulqtnn & Francis G ohin M O D I S - S e a W I F S O C 5 IF R E M E R / INSITU.
P90 C h lo ro p h y ll-a p ro d u c tiv e p e r io d (2001-2006) M ODIS-SeaW IFS OC5 IFREMER I INSITU.
Several sensors have been used, here P90 of MERIS-derived Chi at Full Resolution(300m) 2006-2011
IÇgVLL-A - ME|RIS_3Û0 - 2Û06_20I120.1
ISECA final meeting Nausicaa June 30-July 1st 2014
New P90 maps on marine regions are provided for the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive
:Men e r Roue France.Ouest Loscolo
Point Sain t G ildas
Filère W
La C arrelere
Le Cornard
'Boyard
Chlorophylle-a MODIS et in-situ (mg/m3) P90 2003-2009
H I I I l i l i I I I I<0,1 0,2
I _ _ I
0,5 1 1,2 1,5 2
limite de la sous-région golfe de Gascogne
3 4 5 6
limite des masses d'eau DCE
8 10 12 14 15 >15
projection Mercator (46°N)
Sources des données : SHOM, IGN, ESRI, IFREMER
ISECA final meeting Nausicaa June 30-Juty 1st 2014
Monitoring the biodiversity : satellite and in-situ observations
1 * tk in v e o c J a r
LL o s c d Io
Ansc_de_Cartea u_2 Caba arc Ca he urenile
'urg
Chia in - s i tu (m g /m 3)
Chia Satellite (m g /m 3 )
n-situ data concerning the phytoplankton population are automatically displayed within the biomass background
nation on May 5 2014
p://cersat.ifremer.fr/data/t -and-ices/quicklooks/ocean-
poiour/fiora-over-french- coasts
P lanata n
Prorocentrum triestinum C haetoceros total Lauderia + Schroederella M icropodiscus weissflogiiTh a le®sioai raceae S k e le to n em a Cerataulina bergonii C haetoceros total Skeletonema Thalassiosira + Porosira
Dactyliosolen fragilissimus
Thalassiosira + Porosira
Cap b refon E s tu a ire _ d e J_ O rn e Filier c _w H osseqor I—Epe ron (terre) Le_Comard Le a _ 7 J lea Luc_1 -mille Mcn_c rJ-tou e Mont_St_Michel N ord—Dumet C u est-L o aco lo Ou istreham _1 —mille Pa rc_Leucate_2 Pori_Saint_HubertPo rLjen_Beasin_1 mill eSt—Aubin—lea_Essa rts Tre beurden Verl_Bois_2 lesJ-lebihens
Station
Anse_deo_Carteau_2+1 Ca bo urg-M
I E p c ro n ( tc r rc )+ lLan-,'c o c J o r g eMen_e r_Rou aMont_St_MiahelN ord_DumetC uest-Lascalo0uistreham_1_milleleaJHeblhens
BoyardCapbretonLfelßomardLeo_7 J leaLuc_1—milleSt—Aubin _lea_Essa rtsTre beurdenVerl_Bois_2
0 5 /0 5 /2 0 1 4C h l o r o p h y l l - a 0 5 / 0 5 / 2 0 1 4 ______
0.2 1.0 2 . 0 1 5 . 0 1 10.1 15.1 25.1 r n q / m - 5
ISECA final meeting Nausicaa June 30-July 1st 2014
Monitoring of Harmful Algal Blooms (here Karenia mikimotoi)
Example of the 2010 summer Bloom in the western channel
9 July 22 Julym g / m - 3
-Sea Nurlace >, Temperature o July 9th
2 0 ÏÏ D egC
The fisheries Department o f + 2 sea samples are collectedthe states o f Guernsey is and analysed by CEFASalerted on July 19th
>1 million de cells/L
The bloom starts on the stratified area observed on the Sea Surface Temperature map o f July 9th
Rapport MarCoast2 à http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00178/28883/27369.pdf
ISECA final meeting Nausicaa June 30-July 1st 2014
Observations of the biodiversity and the Harmful Algal blooms
4 dinoflagellates are simultaneously blooming on August 2012
PHENOMERproject o f particiscience wherepart in the obse network o f red
http://www. phenomer. org/
ISECA final meeting Nausicaa June 30-July 1st 2014
Karenia,Mikimotoi
nutum0.21 1.012.01 5.01 10.0115.1 25\ Analysed Chi—a 2Û12Û3Û1 ( m q ,m 's)
Lepidodinium:hlorophorum
Future in Earth Observation in Europe
- Much is expected from OLCI on Sentinel-3 launched in 2015) a follow-on to MERIS (ESA/EUMETSAT)
- Data will be provided by Copemicus/MyOcean (PML and ACRJ-ST for the Eastern Atlantic Ocean)
Thanks for your attention !ISECA final meeting Nausicaa June 30-July 1st 2014