PHYSIOLOGY OF PHYSIOLOGY OF LEUKOCYTES. LEUKOCYTES.

Function of leukocytesFunction of leukocytes

1. Protective1. Protective 2. Transport2. Transport 3. Metabolic3. Metabolic 4. Regenerator4. Regenerator

Quantity of leukocytes and their Quantity of leukocytes and their changes changes

WWhite cells are nucleated and somewhat variable in hite cells are nucleated and somewhat variable in size and shape. Their number is 4-9•size and shape. Their number is 4-9•GigaGiga per liter. per liter. The number of The number of lymphocytes are – 18-37 %, lymphocytes are – 18-37 %,

monocytes – 3-11 %, monocytes – 3-11 %, eosinophils –0,5-5 %, eosinophils –0,5-5 %, basophils – 0-1 %, basophils – 0-1 %, juvenile neutrophile – 0-1 %, juvenile neutrophile – 0-1 %, relating to stab (rod-shaped) neutrophil – 1-6 %, relating to stab (rod-shaped) neutrophil – 1-6 %, segmented neutrophil – 47-72 %. segmented neutrophil – 47-72 %. The number of leukocytes may increase or The number of leukocytes may increase or

decrease. decrease.

Development of mDevelopment of monocytesonocytes

common progenitor cell – common progenitor cell – uncommited stem cell – uncommited stem cell – commited stem cell – commited stem cell – mmonoblast – onoblast – proprommonocyte – onocyte – mmonocyte – onocyte – tissue macrophage. tissue macrophage.

Development of Development of lymphocyteslymphocytes

common progenitor cell – common progenitor cell – bone marrow bone marrow lymphocyteslymphocytes precursor – precursor – lymphoblast – lymphoblast – prolymphocyte – prolymphocyte – large lymphocyte – large lymphocyte – small lymphocyte. small lymphocyte. Lymphocytes in the fetus are thought to arise first Lymphocytes in the fetus are thought to arise first

in the thymus. Later they are found in lymph nodes, in the thymus. Later they are found in lymph nodes, spleen, and other lymphoid tissues as well as in spleen, and other lymphoid tissues as well as in bone marrow.bone marrow.

Development of gtanulocytesDevelopment of gtanulocytes

common progenitor cell – common progenitor cell – uncommited stem cell – uncommited stem cell – commited stem cell – commited stem cell – myeloblast (basophil, neutrophil, eosinophil) –myeloblast (basophil, neutrophil, eosinophil) –

propromyelocytemyelocyte – – myelocytemyelocyte – – metametamyelocyte – myelocyte – juvenile – juvenile – rod-shaped neutrophil (rod-shaped neutrophil (basophil, eosinophil), basophil, eosinophil), segmented segmented neutrophil, neutrophil, basophil, eosinophil. basophil, eosinophil.

Physiological role of T-lymphocytes Physiological role of T-lymphocytes

1. 1. Immune memoryImmune memory.. 2. 2. Anti viruses immunityAnti viruses immunity.. 3. 3. Anti tissue immunity.Anti tissue immunity. 4. 4. Regulate phagocytosisRegulate phagocytosis..

Function of Function of В-В-lymphocyteslymphocytes 1. 1. Immune memoryImmune memory.. 2. 2. SpecificSpecific immunityimmunity. B-lymphocytes syntheses the . B-lymphocytes syntheses the

immunoglobulins such as IgM, IgN, IgA, IgG, IgB, immunoglobulins such as IgM, IgN, IgA, IgG, IgB, IgE. IgE.

System of mononucleares System of mononucleares phagocytesphagocytes

These is the system, which common the cells These is the system, which common the cells with one nucleus, with one nucleus,

common origin from red bone marrow, common origin from red bone marrow, common function of high specific common function of high specific phagocytosisphagocytosis

EOSINOPHILSEOSINOPHILS

TThe index of nuclear’s changing of he index of nuclear’s changing of neutrophyls, it interpretation neutrophyls, it interpretation

NCN=(M+J+S1)/S2, whereNCN=(M+J+S1)/S2, where M – myelocytes, M – myelocytes, J– juvenile, J– juvenile, S1 – stab neutrophils, S1 – stab neutrophils, S2 – segmented neutrophilsS2 – segmented neutrophils

Norm Norm is is 0,06-0,090,06-0,09

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