PHYSICS Unit 2:. OBSERVE for relationships QUESTION everything TEST out hypotheses INTERPRET Data COMMUNICATE results

PHYSICS Unit 2:PHYSICS Unit 2:

OBSERVE for relationshipsOBSERVE for relationshipsQUESTION everythingQUESTION everythingTEST out hypothesesTEST out hypotheses

INTERPRET DataINTERPRET Data

COMMUNICATE resultsCOMMUNICATE results

Taneekwa drives an eighteen Taneekwa drives an eighteen wheeler into a tunnel. As the wheeler into a tunnel. As the truck passes into the tunnel, truck passes into the tunnel, she hears a great groaning she hears a great groaning sound above. She gets out, sound above. She gets out, looks up, and sees that the looks up, and sees that the truck didn’t have enough truck didn’t have enough clearance to pass cleanly into clearance to pass cleanly into the tunnel and is now stuck.the tunnel and is now stuck.

Taneekwa calculates that Taneekwa calculates that she needs only a few she needs only a few centimeters of clearance centimeters of clearance to be able to pass cleanly to be able to pass cleanly through without hitting through without hitting the tunnel cieling.the tunnel cieling. Is there anyIs there any "quick fix" way "quick fix" way Taneekwa can Taneekwa can get out of this get out of this fix?fix?

Its in OFF but not ONIts in COOL but not COLDIts in KITTEN but not CATIts in WALL but not CEILINGIts in PEPPER but not SALTIts in TALL but not SHORTIts in KNEE but not ELBOW

Its in OFF but not ONIts in COOL but not COLDIts in KITTEN but not CATIts in WALL but not CEILINGIts in PEPPER but not SALTIts in TALL but not SHORTIts in KNEE but not ELBOW

What is it?What is it?What is it?What is it?

Sam, the truck driver drove a Sam, the truck driver drove a huge oil rig (18-wheeler) huge oil rig (18-wheeler) from Massachusetts to from Massachusetts to California. Not once did Sam California. Not once did Sam use the men’s room during use the men’s room during the entire 3,000 mile trip. the entire 3,000 mile trip. The rig was not equipped The rig was not equipped with a toilet. with a toilet. How is this How is this possible?possible?

In a small town in the U. S., a In a small town in the U. S., a teenage boy asks his parents teenage boy asks his parents if he can go to a friend’s party. if he can go to a friend’s party. His parents agree provided His parents agree provided that he is back before sunrise. that he is back before sunrise. He leaves the house clean-He leaves the house clean-shaven that evening and when shaven that evening and when he returns just before the he returns just before the following sunrise his following sunrise his parents seeparents see he has he has grown a full beard. grown a full beard. How is that possible?How is that possible?

1. CLAY: POTTER1. CLAY: POTTER•car: mechanic car: mechanic •stone: sculptor stone: sculptor •cloth: tailor cloth: tailor •chalk: teacher chalk: teacher

1. CLAY: POTTER1. CLAY: POTTER•car: mechanic car: mechanic •stone: sculptor stone: sculptor •cloth: tailor cloth: tailor •chalk: teacher chalk: teacher

S.A.T. ANALOGIESS.A.T. ANALOGIES

2. CRACK: WHIP2. CRACK: WHIP•music: guitar music: guitar •murmur: crowd murmur: crowd •meow: cat meow: cat •slam: door slam: door



3. 3. ((a.a. 0, 0, b.b. 4, 4, c.c. 7, 7, d.d. 14) 14) : 2: 2 asas neutral : acidneutral : acid

4. 4. bicycle :bicycle : (a. motorcycle, b. (a. motorcycle, b. car, c. sailboat, d. car, c. sailboat, d. skateboard) as skateboard) as rowboat :rowboat : canoecanoe

5.5. nibble : snack nibble : snack as as

(a. consume, b. gorge, c. (a. consume, b. gorge, c. diet, d. gnaw) diet, d. gnaw) : feast: feast

6.6. A.W.O.L. : soldier A.W.O.L. : soldier as as

(a. expelled, b. tardy, c. (a. expelled, b. tardy, c. truant, d. suspended) truant, d. suspended) :: studentstudent


Look at the Look at the following image following image very quickly and very quickly and write down what write down what

you see.you see.

Question:Question: How many "f’s" How many "f’s" are in the following text?are in the following text?

"FINISHED FILES ARE "FINISHED FILES ARE THE RESULT OF YEARS THE RESULT OF YEARS OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY COMBINED WITH THECOMBINED WITH THE

EXPERIENCE OF YEARS"EXPERIENCE OF YEARS"

"If you have ever read "If you have ever read two eye-witness two eye-witness

accounts of an auto accounts of an auto accident, it makes accident, it makes you wonder about you wonder about

history."history."

since human since human observation is observation is flawedflawed……INDEPENDENTINDEPENDENT VERIFICATION: VERIFICATION: EX:EX: the whole class is asked to the whole class is asked to look at the optical illusion, not look at the optical illusion, not just one observer.just one observer.

REPEATED REPEATED PERFORMANCEPERFORMANCE:: EX:EX: the illusion would have to be the illusion would have to be flashed up several times before flashed up several times before the correct observation is seen.the correct observation is seen.

ProportionsProportions

Changes in Body Changes in Body Form & Form &

ProportionProportion

Kinds of ProportionKinds of ProportionKinds of ProportionKinds of Proportion Direct Proportion-Direct Proportion- as one as one

quantity changes (increase/ quantity changes (increase/ decrease), the other one changes decrease), the other one changes in the same directionin the same direction

Inverse Proportion –Inverse Proportion – as as one quantity changes one quantity changes (increase/decrease), the (increase/decrease), the other one changes in the other one changes in the opposite directionopposite direction

Directly Directly proportionalproportional or or

inversely inversely proportional?proportional?


inversely inversely proportional?proportional?The number of kids Mr. The number of kids Mr.

Akin stops for fast-Akin stops for fast-walking to lunch Mondaywalking to lunch Monday

vs.vs.The number of kids that The number of kids that

fast walk to lunch fast walk to lunch TuesdayTuesday




inversely inversely proportional?proportional?The number of The number of

girl/boyfriends you girl/boyfriends you havehave

vs.vs.The amount of free The amount of free

time you havetime you have




inversely inversely proportional?proportional?The number of The number of girl/boyfriends you havegirl/boyfriends you have

vs.vs.The number of kids that The number of kids that

fast walk to lunch fast walk to lunch TuesdayTuesday

Direct Proportion Direct Proportion StatementStatement

Direct Proportion Direct Proportion StatementStatement

QuantityQuantity

AA Quantity Quantity

BB

## of A’s you of A’s you get on your get on your report cardreport card

Gs. your Gs. your parents parents give you give you as a prizeas a prize

inverse Proportion inverse Proportion StatementStatement

inverse Proportion inverse Proportion StatementStatement

QuantityQuantity

AA

## of A’s of A’s you get on you get on your report your report

cardcard

## of hours of hours of partying of partying

you did you did that that

quarterquarter

11Quantity BQuantity B

From Proportion to From Proportion to EquationEquation

# of fights # of fights Mike Mike Tyson Tyson fightsfights

Amt. Amt.

of $ Mike of $ Mike Tyson Tyson makesmakes

From Proportion to From Proportion to EquationEquation

MoneyMoney FightsFightsMoneyMoney FightsFights

MM FF==kkProportionality

ConstantProportionality

Constant

To determine the To determine the Proportionality Proportionality

Constant…Constant…Ask yourself: Ask yourself: How much money How much money (y-value) does Mike Tyson get for (y-value) does Mike Tyson get for every fight (x-value)every fight (x-value)

that he fights? Look at that he fights? Look at the Units…the Units…

Ask yourself: Ask yourself: How much money How much money (y-value) does Mike Tyson get for (y-value) does Mike Tyson get for every fight (x-value)every fight (x-value)

that he fights? Look at that he fights? Look at the Units…the Units…

$$fightfight2,000,0002,000,000

Clue for Clue for determining “k”determining “k”

## of comput. of comput. virus attacksvirus attacks==

## of porn of porn websites websites visitedvisitedkk

y = k x y = k x

virusesviruses

websitewebsite2277

y x y x

0.290.29

Determine Determine reasonable reasonable

proportionality proportionality constants for the constants for the

following:following:Number of Number of

ASA ASA studentsstudents

Number of Number of ASA ASA

teachersteachers



following:following:Km Km traveled traveled

by a by a Porsche Porsche

911 911

Time Time elapsed elapsed

(in hours)(in hours)



following:following:Number of Number of students students eatingeating

Kilos of Kilos of asado asado

neededneeded

S C I E N C E:S C I E N C E: Looks inward, goes Looks inward, goes

from the real to the from the real to the ideal. ideal.

Uses analogies to explain Uses analogies to explain abstract realities. abstract realities.

Relies on faith. Relies on faith. At its deepest levels, deals with At its deepest levels, deals with

invisibles: probabilities, invisibles: probabilities, subatomic particles, principles, subatomic particles, principles, laws, theories.laws, theories.

r e l i g i o nr e l i g i o n Looks upward, goes Looks upward, goes

from the ideal to from the ideal to the real. the real.

Uses analogies to Uses analogies to explain abstract realities. explain abstract realities.


invisibles: God, principles of invisibles: God, principles of living harmoniously, the soul, living harmoniously, the soul, life after death.life after death.

r e l i g i o nr e l i g i o n Looks upward, goes Looks upward, goes

from the ideal to from the ideal to the real. the real.

Uses analogies to Uses analogies to explain abstract realities. explain abstract realities.


invisibles: God, principles of invisibles: God, principles of living harmoniously, the soul, living harmoniously, the soul, life after death.life after death.

SocratesSocrates

ZenoZeno EpicuriusEpicurius

PythagorasPythagoras

DiogenesDiogenes

EuclidEuclid

ZoroasterZoroaster

Science without

religion is blind.

Religion without

science is lame.-Albert Einstein

Science without

religion is blind.

Religion without

science is lame.-Albert Einstein

The Great Moon HoaxThe Great Moon Hoax

FOX televisionFOX television broadcast a conspiracy broadcast a conspiracy theory special that the U. S. mission theory special that the U. S. mission to land on the moon never happenend. to land on the moon never happenend. The “experts” on the program gave The “experts” on the program gave several examples of evidence as to several examples of evidence as to why they believed that the whole trip why they believed that the whole trip was fake and the images that we saw was fake and the images that we saw were fabricated on Earth…were fabricated on Earth… Can you Can you uncover the truth behind the images?uncover the truth behind the images?

COUNTERATTACK: There was a video camera mounted and extended from the side of the landing module especially for

this purpose. NASA anticipated that the moment that Armstrong

stepped onto the Moon would be thought as being particularly

significant and something everyone would want to see.

As Armstrong started down the ladder he remotely deployed it, swinging it out from its storage

position in the side of the module.

REASON 5:REASON 5: If Armstrong If Armstrong was the first man to walk was the first man to walk on the moon, then who on the moon, then who took his picture?took his picture?

REASON 2:REASON 2: Why isn’t there any dust Why isn’t there any dust on the lunar lander legs if supposedly on the lunar lander legs if supposedly much dust was disturbed from the much dust was disturbed from the surface by the landing thrusters?surface by the landing thrusters?

COUNTERATTACK: Dust does not float in a vacuum. The only reason it 'floats' on Earth is because of the air that surrounds it. In a

vacuum dust behaves exactly like any other

object. You throw it up and it will then fall. It is no

different from what a rock would do.

The dust gets blow away and settles away from the lander in a roughly uniform

circle.

REASON 3:REASON 3: Why aren’t the shadows Why aren’t the shadows pointing in the same direction if there pointing in the same direction if there are no clouds on the moon and the only are no clouds on the moon and the only light source is the sun?light source is the sun?

COUNTERATTACK: In the first image, the astronaut on the left is on an incline. The shadow is not pointing to the right; it is pointing

downwards. In the second image, the idea is that the horizon line matches up with the yellow line. If the yellow lines were correct, then the shadows should line up but they aren't. The horizontal

line in the background is just guesswork. We just can't tell for sure from this distance on a 2D image.

REASON 4:REASON 4: Why Why does the flag appear to does the flag appear to be blowing in the wind be blowing in the wind if there is no atmos-if there is no atmos-phere on the moon?phere on the moon?COUNTERATTACK: Firstly the flag had a horizontal bar attached to it at the top. This was done so that the flag would stand out from the flagpole. NASA appreciated that there would be no wind on the moon, so any normal flag would just hang limply and unattractively down the pole. The bar was also not quite the full width of the flag, so that it was slightly furled to give a 'wave look' to it.

REASON 5:REASON 5: If If there is no atmos-there is no atmos-phere on the moon, phere on the moon, why don’t we see a why don’t we see a sky full of stars in sky full of stars in the pictures?the pictures?

COUNTERATTACK: There's really no different

between the sky on the Moon and the sky during

day time on Earth. The fact that the sky on Earth is blue because of the atmosphere and it is black on the Moon makes no difference. You cannot see stars during the

day.The lunar surface is very bright. In comparison to this bright surface, the

stars are very dim. It is very difficult to get a photograph of a very dim object and a very bright

object at the same time. A camera set to take a

photograph of a bright object (using a fast

exposure), won't capture the dim object at all.

OBSERVE for relationshipsOBSERVE for relationships QUESTION

everything QUESTION everything

TEST out hypothesesTEST out hypotheses



Perennial Perennial QuestionsQuestions1.1. If man evolved from monkeys and If man evolved from monkeys and

apes, why do we still have monkeys apes, why do we still have monkeys and apes?and apes?

2.2. Could it be that all those trick-or-Could it be that all those trick-or-treaters wearing sheets aren't treaters wearing sheets aren't going as ghosts but as mattresses?going as ghosts but as mattresses?

3.3. If a mute swears, does his mother If a mute swears, does his mother wash his hands with soap?wash his hands with soap?

4. 4. If a man is standing in the If a man is standing in the middle of the forest middle of the forest speaking and there is no speaking and there is no woman around to hear him, woman around to hear him, is he still wrong?is he still wrong?

5.5. If someone with multiple If someone with multiple personalities threatens to personalities threatens to kill himself, is it considered kill himself, is it considered a hostage situation?a hostage situation?

Perennial Perennial QuestionsQuestions

6.6. Why is there no other word Why is there no other word for for synonymsynonym??

7.7. Isn't it a bit unnerving that Isn't it a bit unnerving that doctors call what they do doctors call what they do "practice?“"practice?“

8.8. What do you do when you What do you do when you see an endangered animal see an endangered animal eating an endangered eating an endangered plant?plant?


9. 9. Why don't sheep shrink when Why don't sheep shrink when it rains?it rains?

10. 10. Why do we turn down the Why do we turn down the volume of our car radios when volume of our car radios when we are looking for a house in we are looking for a house in a neighborhood?a neighborhood?

11. 11. If the police arrest a mute If the police arrest a mute person, do they tell him he has person, do they tell him he has the right to remain silent?the right to remain silent?


12.12. How is it possible to have a How is it possible to have a “civil” war?“civil” war?

13.13. Why did Kamikaze pilots wear Why did Kamikaze pilots wear helmets in WWII?helmets in WWII?

14.14. If you try to fail, and succeed, If you try to fail, and succeed, which have you done?which have you done?

15.15. Whose cruel idea was it for Whose cruel idea was it for the word "Lisp" to have an “s" the word "Lisp" to have an “s" in it?in it?


OBSERVE for relationshipsOBSERVE for relationshipsQUESTION everythingQUESTION everything

TEST out hypothesesTEST out hypothesesINTERPRET DataINTERPRET Data


What kind of test could you do?What kind of test could you do? You are an inspector from the Ministry of Agriculture and you do a night raid on a suspicious wildlife estancia to do a count of animals for tax purposes. It seems that the estancia was tipped off because all the ostriches and zebras on the farm are locked up in the barn, the lights are off, the capataz says he doesn’t have a key to the barn door, and that the farm owner is not there. There is no way into the barn but you are able to peek through small holes in the wall boards and are able to see the silhouettes of many animal heads and animal feet. Although you cannot distinguish if they are ostriches or zebras, you can still count them.

You think and then say Eureka! What is your solution?

A student wants to find out what other A student wants to find out what other students think about having an ASA dress students think about having an ASA dress code. He does a survey of all of high code. He does a survey of all of high school. What is the difference (if any) school. What is the difference (if any) between the following survey questions:between the following survey questions:

What kind of test could you do?What kind of test could you do?

Do you like the current dress code?Do you like the current dress code? Do you want a school uniform?Do you want a school uniform? Do you believe that an ASA student should dress the Do you believe that an ASA student should dress the

way s/he wants as long as it is not vulgar or indecent?way s/he wants as long as it is not vulgar or indecent?

INTERPRET Data INTERPRET Data



"There are 15 million secret "There are 15 million secret alcoholics in the United alcoholics in the United States."States."

"Every cigarette you smoke "Every cigarette you smoke takes 10 minutes off your life takes 10 minutes off your life span."span."

"Every day eight tons of pet "Every day eight tons of pet waste are deposited on the waste are deposited on the streets of New York City."streets of New York City."

PSEUDO-STATISTICS:PSEUDO-STATISTICS:Explain what is wrong with the Explain what is wrong with the following statements:following statements:

PSEUDO-PSEUDO-STATISTICS:STATISTICS:

Angelina Jolie believes that Congress Angelina Jolie believes that Congress is not spending enough money on the is not spending enough money on the homeless.homeless.

"Tests by three major universities "Tests by three major universities indicate…"indicate…"

"Most students at ASA believe that…""Most students at ASA believe that…" "Fifty two percent of those surveyed "Fifty two percent of those surveyed

indicated that…"indicated that…"

Examine the following visual that accompanied a story about the sky-rocketing cost of tutition for students enrolling at ASA. Is there something misleading about the visual?

Examine the following visual that accompanied a story about the sky-rocketing cost of tutition for students enrolling at ASA. Is there something misleading about the visual?

4480

4470

4460

4450

4440

4430

4420

4410

4400

MOON MOON WRECKWRECK

You are in a space crew You are in a space crew originally scheduled to originally scheduled to

rendezvous with a mother ship rendezvous with a mother ship on the lighted surface of the on the lighted surface of the

moon. Mechanical difficulties, moon. Mechanical difficulties, however, have forced your however, have forced your ship to crash-land at a spot ship to crash-land at a spot

some 200 km from the some 200 km from the rendezvous point.rendezvous point.

The rough landing The rough landing damaged much of the equipment damaged much of the equipment aboard. Since survival depends aboard. Since survival depends on reaching the mother ship, the on reaching the mother ship, the most critical items available on most critical items available on the ship must be chosen for the the ship must be chosen for the

200 km trip. Rank them in terms 200 km trip. Rank them in terms of their importance to your crew of their importance to your crew

in its attempt to reach the in its attempt to reach the rendezvous point.rendezvous point.


Place the number 1 Place the number 1 by the most by the most

important item; 2 by important item; 2 by the second most the second most

important, and so important, and so on...on...


matchesOxygen Tanks

Solar-power FM

radio50 m of

ropeLunar

mapself-inflat.

life raftWater supply

Magnetic Compass

Parachute

Space SuitFirst Aid

kitsignal flares

0.45 caliber pistol

food supply

Portable Heating

Unit

COMMUNICATE results COMMUNICATE results



“Let’s just

cut out all the

talk and

exchange

body fluids.”

“Let’s just

cut out all the

talk and

exchange

body fluids.”

PICKUP PICKUP LINESLINES

I wish I could bring you a rose so I wish I could bring you a rose so it could see how beautiful you it could see how beautiful you are.are.

Stop, drop, and roll baby, 'cause Stop, drop, and roll baby, 'cause you're on fire!you're on fire!

Do you have a sunburn baby or Do you have a sunburn baby or are you always this hot?are you always this hot?

Baby if you were words on a piece Baby if you were words on a piece of paper you'd be what they call of paper you'd be what they call fine print.fine print.

Is it hot in here or is it just you?Is it hot in here or is it just you?

Can I have your picture? I want Can I have your picture? I want Santa Claus to know exactly Santa Claus to know exactly what I want for Christmaswhat I want for Christmas

""There is a phone call for you?" There is a phone call for you?" How do you know its for me? How do you know its for me? "Because they asked to speak to "Because they asked to speak to the best looking guy/gal in the the best looking guy/gal in the room."room."

If looks were against the law If looks were against the law you'd be arrested, booked, and you'd be arrested, booked, and jailed for life.jailed for life.



Do you believe in love at first Do you believe in love at first sight or should I walk by again?sight or should I walk by again?

I hope you know CPR, because I hope you know CPR, because you take my breath away.you take my breath away.

If I could rearrange the alphabet If I could rearrange the alphabet I'd put U and I together.I'd put U and I together.

You know, you might be asked to You know, you might be asked to leave soon. You're making the leave soon. You're making the other guys look pretty bad.other guys look pretty bad.

FACT-FACT- close agreement by competent close agreement by competent observers of a series of observations of observers of a series of observations of the same phenomenathe same phenomena

HYPOTHESIS- HYPOTHESIS- an educated guess an educated guess about the answer to a problemabout the answer to a problem

LAW OR PRINCIPLE-LAW OR PRINCIPLE- well-tested well-tested hypotheses which have not been hypotheses which have not been contradicted.contradicted.

THEORY-THEORY- a synthesis of a large a synthesis of a large body of information that encompasses body of information that encompasses well-tested & verified hypotheses well-tested & verified hypotheses about certain aspects of the natural about certain aspects of the natural world.world.

Fine shades of grayFine shades of gray

MATCHING: MATCHING: THEORY? FACT? HYPOTH.? LTHEORY? FACT? HYPOTH.? L

AW?AW?__ 1. Oranges are orange. __ 1. Oranges are orange.

__ 2. Oranges are orange __ 2. Oranges are orange because the pigment because the pigment in the skin of the in the skin of the orange reflects orange orange reflects orange light to the eye. light to the eye.

__ 3. All oranges are citrus __ 3. All oranges are citrus fruits. fruits.

__ 4. Oranges are nutritious __ 4. Oranges are nutritious because they contain because they contain large amounts of large amounts of vitamin C, are low in vitamin C, are low in fat, low in calories, fat, low in calories, high in fiber high in fiber

a. a. law law

b. b. hypoth.hypoth.

c. c. theory theory

d. d. factfact

HYPOTHESES: HYPOTHESES: SCIENTIFIC or NOT?SCIENTIFIC or NOT?1. 1. Atoms are the smallest Atoms are the smallest

particles in the universe.particles in the universe.

2. 2. 90% of all rapes go 90% of all rapes go unreported.unreported.

3. 3. 40% of men are secretly 40% of men are secretly homosexual.homosexual.

4. 4. Albert Einstein is the greatest Albert Einstein is the greatest physicist of all time.physicist of all time.

5. 5. Adam had a belly button.Adam had a belly button.

•Extra-terrestrial life exists in the universe

•There is no extra-terrestrial life in the universe

•Extra-terrestrial life exists in the universe

•There is no extra-terrestrial life in the universe

Which is Which is Scientific?Scientific?

How can you How can you measure the measure the

reaction timereaction time of a of a classmate with a classmate with a

ruler?ruler?

Write directions for Write directions for performing the performing the reaction time reaction time experiment with the experiment with the ruler. Make sure a 5ruler. Make sure a 5thth grader could grader could understand understand them.them.

assignmentassignment

Using UnitsUsing UnitsScienceScience is about is about precisionprecision and and accuracyaccuracy.. Using units allows Using units allows

scientists to be both.scientists to be both.

PRECISEPRECISE

ACCURATEACCURATE

notnot

notnot

notnot

Unit conversionUnit conversion

Documents

PHYSICS Unit 2:. OBSERVE for relationships QUESTION everything TEST out hypotheses INTERPRET Data COMMUNICATE results