Physics to XXI Century II - The impact in the Cosmo’s analysis - Revised 05/2011

8/6/2019 Physics to XXI Century II - The impact in the Cosmos analysis - Revised 05/2011

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PHYSICS

TO XXI

CENTURY-II

(PICTURE AUTHOR: REBELO FERNANDES)


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The new gravitational variable

The impact on the cosmos analysis

A new insight on the Universe

Jos Lus Pereira Rebelo Fernandes

[email protected]

After the development of the new theory on the universal gravitation, where

the universal gravitation constant is substituted by an variable, became

imperious to analyze which the impact that this new theory would have on

the vision of the universe. As such the work elaborated for the present effect.

This work was changed because the new Doppler

Redrafted in March 2009

1-Intro

Looking to unveil the Universe

After all the work developed in to my article A new gravitational variable. A new insight of the

Universe I believe that the founding pillars of this new universes conception are now defined. Here is a

short summary:

- The speed of light is the limit velocity of the universe and as the local gravitational potential created by

all universal is

.- The gravitational variable is given by:

G =

And the value of the gravitational permeability variable of vacuum is:

Gk =

.


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Being:

: All universal mass affected by the Doppler Effect between the movements of each mass in relationto the local movement.

Reu: Average radius of emission =

=

: Radius of emission of each universal mass in relation to the local.We talk in average radius of emission because we have to consider the universal mass positioning in

regard of its radial velocity, in ways that the mass radiation of all universal masses comes simultaneously

to the site.

We no longer need any repulsive strength that explains the expansion of the universe, because we now

have a universe potentially stable in which its stable expansion is due solely to the increase of gravity. I

discard the idea of the existence of the so called Dark energy, need to the expansion of the universe.

Although we have to analyze the founding pillars of the universe, there are still incognitos on which we

will have to think.

In any way the mass is distributed in the universe.

As the characteristics we know are related to the local Earth

We therefore need to know which the Earths position on the Universal Radius is.

Nature of universal fabric.

Let us now think in the matter radiation nature.

Relatively to the action of the local gravity over radiation, we have seen that it doesnt do any action over

raw universal radiation. Look at the back holes, which despite not letting their own light get out, it still

continues to create a gravitational field in any distance.

Admitting that the universes growth happens at the speed of light, cause as we seen before local mass

does not bend the universal mass raw radiation. The universe grows at the speed of light. Gravity propels

at the speed of light.


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The universal fabric in no more any less than the gravitational potential created by the masses of this

universe.

The calculation given the universal mass gravitation over the light radiation of the stars has to be done,

when studying the light coming from the stars, because this radiation suffers that influence.

In relation to subdue of this radiation to the Doppler effect, I believe that it is subdue to that effect

because recent experiences shown us that gravity travels at the speed of light, fundamental characteristic

for the consideration of such effect.

Considering that the stars process and releases radiation, this one by having weight radiates the raw mass

radiation, having that capability it will have the same center of radiation that the matter that created it.

Given its low value it would be useless to the present scale.

Speculation

2- Matter distribution in the Universe.

In relation to the energy distribution, condensed in the shape of matter, or not, how would it distributed

itself by the universe?

Let us now try to perceive from the own universe model that information. As a model I will consider a

symmetrical Universe, in which the matter distributes itself according to the Minkowskis space.

Let us picture an energy wave creator of matter that besides sweeping the universe, also gives origin to it.

That energy wave will be present in each site, the amount of time that site took to create.

The energy generated in each site R will then be given by:

E = 4 tBeing to its intrinsic time:

t =

E = 4 x Considering the relativistic energy and Doppler effect.

E =

4 x


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Doppler effectThe total energy (Et) contained in the universe will have to be obtained by the integral E, between R = 0

and R.

Et = 4 x The relativistic Universal matter will then be given by:

= Until technology gives us a more concrete answer this is one more speculation.

This criterion will lead to a mass distribution of relativistic mass in the universe close to the chart below:

With a density:

0

0,005

0,01

0,015

0,02

0,025

0,03

0,035

1 10 19 28 37 46 55 64 73 82 91 100 109 118 127 136 145 154 163 172 181 190 199

m relativista equivalente (mo/(1-v^2/c^2)^0,5

mo

mv (mox(1-v^2/c^2)^0,5

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

1,2

1,4

1,6

1,8

1 10 19 28 37 46 55 64 73 82 91 100 109 118 127 136 145 154 163 172 181 190 199

Dens. m relativista equivalente (mo/(1-v^2/c^2)^0,5

Densidade mo

Densidade mv


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Regarding to the non relativistic mass we will have, for the amount of mass:

These distributions are approximately, because we havent had yet in consideration the relativism

matching the translation velocities of matter. Only ahead when we study the universal model we shall

have a more accurate distribution.

In the annex board 5, it is studied the hypothesis of a homogeny distribution of matter in the Universe.

3- The Earth in the Universe.

In order to elaborate any universal mass quantification we will have to define which is the position of the

local earth in the Universe, because given the known data referred to the gravitational variable value andthe correlation coefficient of the Universe, that are mint for this place.

Several studies have been made until nowadays about the absolute velocity of the earth in the universe.

Those studies point to a velocity of 208 Km/s (Miller, Jaseca, Javan, Murray e Townes), after corrections

to the experience (according Franco Selleri), beyond these there were others that pointed to an absolute

velocity of the earth around 640 Km/s.

It is my opinion that a serious study of the Earths location in the universe, will have to deal with a close

study of the tracings done by the special telescopes given the fact that it is known that the energy

radiation is radial, therefore the same type of events will take place at the same distance to the center of

the universe.

It was one of those images, taken by the space telescope 2dF Galaxy Redshiiiht Survey, that i approached

in the sense of trying to place the earth n the universe.


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Given its disposition of the similar masses/events there pictured, it shows a quiet central positioning of

the earth, despite there is an eccentricity towards the left of the I picture, which I believe is the result of a

greater proximity to the masses and a smaller Doppler effect.

Considering the collared stains, related with the local conditions, in which it would be expected a

symmetry in relation to the center of the Universe, it was shown that it didnt happen and therefore

calculated from those each of those collared areas which would it eccentricity be.

It was also considered the light emission time.

As an example, it was calculated that beyond the orange stains, in the left side of the picture, that the

average point was situated 0,206185 of the center of the picture and that on the right side the average

point was situated 0,240409 of the center of the picture. Those points were considered in relation to the

radius of the picture and considering the image time.


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Orange zones:

We conclude therefore that there is an eccentricity of 0.017 of the picture radius.

It was that value that we considered for the location of the earth in the universe.Acknowledging that the present study lacks of better closeness and more elaborate studies, its use is also

a suggestion in order to approach in the future the earths location throughout this process.

Anyway, I consider the value reasonable enough for the present study.

Therefore, and for now we will have an Earth with a radial velocity in the order of 0.017 C, i. e.

5.096.472 m/s, distancing from the center of the universe about 258.355.263 earth light years.

In the annex chart 6 I will show a vision over the impact in the quantification of the universal values

regarding different positions of the earth in the universe. (5.19%, 9.11%, of the universes radius).

Theory application.

4- Construction of the mathematical Universal model.

Automatic calculation.


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The purpose is to manage calculate which is the relativistic radiation of matter and non relativistic of the

energy, current and simultaneously, in all points of the universe.

Considering the chosen model, i.e. the distributed matter according with the said principles, and that the

radial velocity will be proportional to the radius of the site it occupies, it is possible to determine which is

its position, in such way that its radiation comes at the same time, with all other masses radiations, in

relation to any given point in the universe in the present time.

The radius of the universe is also divided in a number of parts, in which we want to calculate the radiation

value.

Defining the number of angles and the number of parts in which we divide the radius of matter, we then

define the number of intervening masses.

In the present reformulated study were considered 100 (2*100) parts of the angle, i.e. 3.6 degrees and 100

slices of matter, which total 10.000 masses. Each slice was then divided in 1.000 parts for the calculation

of its value and mass center, so we the talk about 10.000.000 assessed points, value which I think was

reasonable for the presented calculation. The radius of the universe was sub divided in 200 parts.

This division could also be infinite, depending solely on the computer capability and the operators

patience.

The radial velocity shall respect the proportion . C.

It was considered the earths age of the universe of 15.197.368.421 light years.

For which from the shifting speed of the local earth, we can, based on relativity, determine the absolute

age of the universe, and therefore its radius.

The local gravity (Earth) takes the value of 6.6726E-11.

As the Earth's surface, where G know, we have:

=

= 6.6726E-11

. /Taking into account the impact of speed:

= 6,67259999998E-11


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=

= 6,734670002E+26 Kg/mWe know then that this is the pure potential of mass throughout the universe, including the pure potential

of the Sun, the Moon and the Earth itself in this area:

= .. = 1,329612299E+19

= ... = 9,375979931E+17

=

...

=1,911688312E+14

The potential to find in the local solar system will be the difference:

= 6,734670002E+26 - 1,329612299E+19 - 9,375979931E+17 - 1,911688312E+14 = 6,734669860E+26

5- Results Cosmological implication.

They are now shown the found values based on the premises previously mentioned.

Universal chart:

Universal chart

Situation: Relativistic

Not relativistic

mo

Universal mass 9,1205232E+52 7,7584367E+52

Total energy of mass 8,1971175E+69

Radius of the Universe(m) 1,4377821E+26

Radius of the Universe (al) 15.197.368.421

Central Go. 6,67291413E-11

Max. escape velocity of the

universe.(light) 193.692.774,8 36,5% of radius of the Universe

Max. translation velocity of matter 136.935.851,6 36,5% of radius of the Universe


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It is not more than the vector sum of the translation velocity and the radial one.

Chart:

Apparent translation velocity of the stars.

Studying the apparent velocity of the stars its not a simple task because even knowing its translation

velocity we dont know its direction.

In order to have a reference among the values that vary the declination of the stars, lets consider that the

local earth and star are situated on the same level and that either the stars rotate in the same direction of

the earth or in the opposite direction.

Let us study the behavior of the stars which are located in the same Universal radius of the earth, in order

to go around the curvature that universal masses cause in the radiation of light.

0

50000000

100000000

150000000

200000000

250000000

300000000

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

101

Translatory speed Radial velocity Full speed


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There being we will have in seconds per year:

-0,0001

-0,00008

-0,00006

-0,00004

-0,00002

0

0,00002

0,00004

0,00006

0,00008

0,0001

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

Difference in angle in seconds on the side in the same direction of rotation

0

0,00002

0,00004

0,00006

0,00008

0,0001

0,00012

Difference in angle in seconds on the side in the opposite direction of rotation

0

0,000005

0,00001

0,000015

0,00002

0,000025

0,00003

0,0000350,00004

Differential in seconds of angle in the opposite direction of rotation perpendicular


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Located in the opposite Universal radius:

-0,000004

-0,000002

0

0,000002

0,000004

0,000006

0,000008

0,00001

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

101

Difference in angle in seconds on the same side and in the same direction of rotation

0

0,00002

0,00004

0,00006

0,00008

0,0001

0,00012

0,00014

0,00016

0,00018

0,0002

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

101

Difference in angle in seconds on the same side and in the opposite direction of rotation

-0,0003

-0,00025

-0,0002

-0,00015

-0,0001

-0,00005

0

0,00005

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

101

Difference in angle in seconds on the same side and in the perpendicular direction of

rotation


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If you remove the image of the nearest star

The amount of mass in the universe and its distribution along the universal radius.

The chart shows the amount of solar masses existing in the universe.

Quantitated(kg) Solar masses

M. absolute 7,7584367E+52 3,921852E+22 39.218.520.001.199.000.000.000

M. relativist

equivalent 9,1205232E+52 4,585251E+22 45.852.512.408.901.000.000.000

mv = 7,8325E+52 kg

Distribution in the perspective of the relativistic and non relativistic mass along the radius of the

Universe:

-0,00001

-0,000005

0

0,000005

0,00001

0,000015

0,00002

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

101

Difference in angle in seconds on the same side and in the perpendicular direction of

rotation

0

5E+50

1E+51

1,5E+51

2E+51

2,5E+51

1 11 21 31 41 51 61 71 81 91 101

Relativistic massequivalent

Absolute mass (mo)

Mass in their own time


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Density:Max= 6,1242E-26

The value of the gravity will increase along the radius of the universe.

The value of the gravity will increase along the radius of the universe. In the Universe limit its value will

tend to + infinite. On the presented chart, given the fact that weve worked with slices of the Universe, the

obtained value for gravity matches the value at the center of mass of each slice.

The development of the curve of the gravitational variable value along the radius of the universe is

regardless of the earths location on the universe. The development of the curve relies only on the type ofdistribution of the mass in the universe:.

As seen in the study of the curvature of the time under the action of a gravitational field, derived from the

study analysis of the law of universal gravitation, we see that the value of the variable value of

gravitational radiation depends on the pure Universal spot and the speed of displacement of local .

Impact of radiation Universal pure mass in the value of the local variable

gravitational:

Where: =

0

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

1

01

Dens. m rel equiv. Dens. de m abs. (mo) Dens. de m rel local


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Value of the gravitation along the Universe at the present time:

Impact of speed on the local value of the local variable gravitational:

Where: =

Overall impact on the local value of variable gravitational:

Sendo : =

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

1 815

22

29

36

43

50

57

64

71

78

85

92

99 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Var. Go

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

1,2 Gvel/Go


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Impact of the variable gravitational place at local time:

=

Variable value of gravitational and local time today for the observed universe.

Gravitation which is seen in nowadays. Introducing the differential in the picture, due we are always

looking at the past we will have:

0,0000

0,5000

1,0000

1,5000

2,0000

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

101

G/Go

0,0000

0,2000

0,4000

0,6000

0,8000

1,0000

1,2000

1,4000

1,6000

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

101

t/to


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Global impact.

On the local time observed:

For the vision we have at the time of referential.

0,0000

0,2000

0,4000

0,6000

0,8000

1,0000

1,2000

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

101

Gob/Go

0,0000

0,2000

0,4000

0,6000

0,8000

1,0000

1,2000

1 5 913 17 21 25 29 33 37 41 45 49 53 57 61 65 69 73 77 81 85 89 93 97101

tob/to


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The value of variable gravitational, for the value read by us, in every reference we have:

The value of the speed of light in the referential:

01

23456789

1011121314151617

181920

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

101

Gpto/Gpo

150.000.000200.000.000250.000.000300.000.000350.000.000400.000.000450.000.000500.000.000550.000.000600.000.000650.000.000700.000.000750.000.000800.000.000850.000.000900.000.000

950.000.0001.000.000.0001.050.000.0001.100.000.0001.150.000.0001.200.000.0001.250.000.0001.300.000.0001.350.000.0001.400.000.0001.450.000.0001.500.000.0001.550.000.0001.600.000.0001.650.000.0001.700.000.0001.750.000.0001.800.000.0001.850.000.0001.900.000.000

1.950.000.0002.000.000.0002.050.000.0002.100.000.0002.150.000.0002.200.000.000

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

101

Co


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As we can see from the explanation given about the mass potential, then the value of gravity o each site,

will grow in proportion to the growth of the universes radius, therefore in proportion with time.

The value of variable gravitational, varies along the radius of the universe, so to meet the most serious

phenomena in distant points of the universe, or due to the change in the value of variable gravitational,

because as we have seen the radius of the matter does not depend on this speed but only the pure mass

potential universal place. The radius of the field will therefore be inversely proportional to the evolution

of the change of variable gravitational potential due to pure mass universal along the radius of the

universe.

Hypothetical acceleration of the Universes expansion.

Some authors postulate that the universe is expanding rapidly.

As we have seen in the article entitled, "The apparent acceleration of expansion of the universe," that this

concept is the result of considering the speed of light constant, which is a mistake, because time dilates

with increasing gravitational variable location.

See "The curvature of time under the action of a gravitational field."

6- Kinetic characteristics on local Earth

There being we have an Earth with a Universal radial velocity around 0.017C, i.e. 5.096.472m/s, apart

from the center of the Universe around 258.355.263 earth light years, with a translation velocity around

30.812.238,8 m/s which gives it a total velocity of 31.230.883,5 m/s, which stands for a velocity 1.049

times greater than the translation velocity of the earth around the sun.

Given that the Sol system / Earth revolves around the Milky Way at a speed of 225,000 m / s, and this

revolves around the Local Group, which in turn revolves around the Virgin and that it finally turns in the

universe, then we have:

Vel. de transl. de -- em torno de -- m/s

Hearth/Sun 29.785,9

Sun/ Milky Way

225.000,0

Milky Way/ Local Group ??? 1.164.974,5

Local Group / Virgin??? 6.031.847,5

Virgin / Universe 31.230.883,5


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7-The Radius of the Universe.

As seen previously the radius of the universe, is given by the ratio between the distance from the earth to

the moon (annual separation) multiplied by the escape velocity of the Universe.

The correlation coefficient shall be modified to:

Ru = 15.197.368.421 x 365.25 x 24 x 3600 x C = 1,43778E+26 m

8- The age of the Universe

As was already stated the age of the universe will be equal to the correlation factor, i.e. 15.197.368.421

earth years, therefore 15.197.359.345 absolute years for the time of matter created.The age of the universe will be made by two distinctive periods, the creation of matter and its evolution.

For the creation time, considering the previously proposed matter calculation I calculated for the initial

radius of the universe the value of 8,5868251E+19 m.

By other words, the matter creation time was 9.076years.

Initial Temperature of the universe?

Considering that the bottom radiation, matches the actual temperature of the universe, then the initial

temperature of the universe would be given by:

To = 2.725 K x 1,43778E+26 ^3 / 8.5868251+19 ^3 = 3,7903E+18K

I confess that it is little uncomfortable to consider that bottom radiation as proof of a constant temperature

in the universe. I do not know which is the method do measurement and calculation. I think that it is a

proof of the central position of the earth in the universe and that it is the temperature of space on local

earth.

To think in a universe at the same temperature is tricky, because at its limit radiation will have

increasingly more difficulties to reach and with the action of gravity there will be a decrease of frequency

in the outside direction and an increase towards the center.

I am convinced that it will be plus a test of the great homogeneity of the space, more than what any

another characteristic.


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Initial density of the Universe

After the beginning of the universes expansion the existing mass would be in the order of

9,1205232E+52 kg of mass.

The volume of the universe, around the end of the matter creation process, would be according to our

speculations around 2,6520852E+60 m3.

The average density would be around 3,4390008E-08kg/m3.

Discussion

9-Other considerations:

- Around 5.232.000.000 years, Mars was at the same distance of the Sun that the Earth is today.

- Venus will occupy the earths present location in about 5.905.000.000 years.

Correction to the values of the removal between celestial bodys.

- The earth is moved away 9.48 m/year. (Real distance).

- The Sun for being the 30,000 year-light of the center of the Way Lacteal, will have to be to move away

itself from this center, 18.675.728 km every year, that is to move away a speed to it from 592 m/s. (Real

distance).

- The proper Way Lacteal that has a diameter of 99.000 year-light, will have to be to grow to the return of

61.629.900 km per year, then to grow to a speed of 1.953 m/s. (Real distance).

- The proper Universal masses will be to the same move away from the center of the Universe annual

value. (Law of Hubble 63.67 km/seg. x Mpc). (Real velocity).

These issues will be dealt in a more exhaustive manner in my next article The new magnetic

permeability of vacuum. The dimension of matter. A new vision of the Universe.

Annex

Chart 5

- Comparison of the results between the proposed solution for mass distribution and the proposed

constant density


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Chart 6

- Impact caused on the universal values resulting from other locations of the earth in the universe.

A special thanks to the layout Engenharia, especially to my good friend Eng. Fernando Jorge Almeida,

and his collaborator Mr. Joaquim Rocha, for their help in remembering me the informatics language,

without it I couldnt be able to carry out the fulfillment, numerical, of this project.

To my wife and daughter, your love, my light.


Oporto, since late 2005 to 21 of November 2008

Chart 5:

Comparison of the results between the proposed solution for mass distribution and the proposed constant

density

Universal Chart:

Quadro Universal

Situation: No relativista

Universal mass 1,2915519E+53 41,61% 3,8076729E+52 -51,39%

Total energy of mass 1,1607890E+70 41,61% 3,4221657E+69

Radius of the Universe(m) 1,4377821E+26 0,00%

Radius of the Universe (al) 15.197.368.421 0,00%

Central Go. 6,67401343E-11 0,02%

Max. escape velocity of the

universe.(light) 187.441.095,8 -3,23% 37% do Raio do Universo

Max. translation velocity of matter 132.389.011,9 -3,32% 37% do Raio do Universo

Radial velocity of matter 104.984.448,2 1,49% 37% do Raio do Universo

Total velocity of matter 168.963.264,7 -1,55% 37% do Raio do Universo

Escape velocity of system Sun-Earth 46.594.793,8 6,93%

Translation velocity of Sun-Earth 32.550.935,2 5,64%

Radial velocity of matter Sun-Earth 5.096.471,8 0,00%

Total velocity of Sun-Earth 32.947.494,7 5,50%

Solar mass 1,989100E+30 0,00% 1,976125E+30 -0,11%

N of universal solar masses 6,493147E+22 41,61% 1,926838E+22 -51,33%


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N of universal solar masses 64.931.472.440.143.800.000.000 41,61% 19.268.379.499.825.500.000.000 -51,33%

Volume of Universe 1,2449985E+79 0,00% 1,2449985E+79

Masss average density 1,0373924E-26 41,61% 3,0583756E-27 -51,39%

Mass energy density 9,3236178E-10 41,61% 2,7487309E-10

Variation of gravity along the radius of the Universe: Central gravity in the case of distribution with

constant density will have the value of 6,67401343E-11, in the proposal of 6,67291413E-11:

Magnetic permeability variation variable: the variable at the center of the Universe, in the case of mass

distribution with constant density will have the value 1,25691E-06 and in the proposed solution the value

of 1,25670E-06:

Universe Velocities:

1,0000000E-11

2,0000000E-11

3,0000000E-11

4,0000000E-11

5,0000000E-11

6,0000000E-11

7,0000000E-11

8,0000000E-11

9,0000000E-11

1,0000000E-10

1,1000000E-10

1,2000000E-10

1,3000000E-10

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51

G/Go dens. const. G/Go dens. Prop.

0

50000000

100000000

150000000

200000000

250000000

300000000

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51

Translatory speed Radial velocity Full speed

Translatory speed prop. Radial velocity prop. Full speedprop.


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27RebeloFernandes

Mass distribution along the radius of the universe.

Mass density distribution:

Chart 6

Impact caused on the universal values resulting from other locations of the earth in the universe.

Regarding the tax rates will not have a significant impact.

0,0000E+00

2,0000E+52

4,0000E+52

6,0000E+52

8,0000E+52

1,0000E+53

1,2000E+53

1,4000E+53

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49

Mrel.acum.dens.const Mrel.acum.dens.prop.

0,0000E+00

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49

Dens.rel,const. Dens.rel.prop.


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28RebeloFernandes

The variation rate of the gravitational variable and permeability variable of the vacuum, do not suffer any

change.

Table of deviations from location 0,017 of Ru - Local Earth.

Variation in relation to localization 0,017 of Ru - Local Earth

Localization of the local Earth in the ray of

universe5.19% 0.18%

Universal mass-0.001% -0.18%

Central Go+0.001% +0,49%

Speed of the Earth in the Universe+97.662% +180.456%


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29RebeloFernandes

The new magnetic permeability of vacuum.

The impact in the Cosmos analysis.

Its impact in set with the gravitational variable


[email protected]

To my dearest mother.To the sweet memory of my father.

After the development of the new theory on the electromagnetic field, where

the magnetic permeability of the vacuum started to be an variable, became

imperious to analyze which the impact that this new theory would have on

the vision of the universe.

As such the work elaborated for the effect is presented.

Change made in March 2009

1-The appearance of the gravitational variable and its implications.

According to the theory presented previously in the article The new magnetic permeability of the

vacuum. A new Insight of the universe, allows the study of which fundamental elements as Universal

mass, the values of the gravitational variable in time and along the radius of the Universe, dimension of

matter, photons energy, stars and its evolution.

We can also carefully study the solar system.


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30RebeloFernandes

Speculation

2-The universal model

The model adopted had in consideration the principles already pored when studying the universal

gravitational variable and in the following points:

- The universal charge is distributed in the same way as relativistic mass.

- It was considered the Doppler effect caused by the radial velocity of the universal electric loads.

- The earth was considered as being 0.017 in order of the Universes radius, as stated in the previous

article

The new gravitational variable, a new insight of the universe

- The computer model used and created, as stated in the previous article, was also the same.

Quantification of the theory.

3-Results

Universal charge scenario

Cenrio carga Universal

Situao

Raio das cargas Raio do Universo

Raio do Universo 1,4377821E+26

Carga Universal em nvel de energia

negativa. - C 6,77132E+32

N. of free electrons in negative levels of

energy - equivalents 4,226325E+51

Value of Uo central 1,256699E-06

Radius of electric loads localization 5,2542013E+25

Radius of electric energy emission/Ru

(m) 36,544%


31/48


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32RebeloFernandes

=

As we already know the value of the magnetic permeability of vacuum along the radius of the universe, as

the relativistic mass of the element, because we also know the shift velocity of the matter along the

radius, we are now ready to assess the atomic radius dimension of one element along the radius of the

universe.

From the calculation we are able to know the emission age of the mass radiation that currently we receive

on the planet, we are able to determine what the radius of the matter is in the time that its radiation was

emitted and the point previous to its current dimension.

Charter of the matters radius evolution along the radius of the universe. (Quantum mechanics)08-01-09

Photons energy

Let us now see as the photons energy evolves along the radius on the universe and time. I characterize

also which its values on the time of emission that today arrive to the local solar system and the current

values along the universe.

From quantum mechanics we take the case and the magnetic permeability of vacuum, U, vary:

E =

0,00000

0,20000

0,40000

0,60000

0,80000

1,00000

1,20000

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

101

Raio actual da mat. Raio visivel emisso


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33RebeloFernandes

=

Well, U, as we have seen has no units, is a part. It is the part that loads are universal to the local radiation.

Charter of the photons energy evolution and the perception from the Earth.

For better understanding the charts presented let us show the age of the universe, relatively to the date of

the light emission that we currently receive from the stars.

Emission age of the stars

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

101

Energia do foto Energia data de emisso

4.500.000.000

5.500.000.000

6.500.000.000

7.500.000.000

8.500.000.000

9.500.000.000

10.500.000.000

11.500.000.000

12.500.000.000

13.500.000.000

14.500.000.000

15.500.000.000

1 10 19 28 37 46 55 64 73 82 91 100 109 118 127 136 145 154 163 172 181 190 199

Lado oposto do Universo

Perpendiculsr

Do mesmo lado do Universo


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34RebeloFernandes

5-The disturbance in the light frequency, on its path, caused by universal matter.

Let us now see, what is the universes mass impact, on the alteration of the light frequency during a path

(I).

The light frequency under the action of matter decreases, when its action over the radiation is in the

opposite direction of its movement. When the action is felt on the same direction of its propagation, then

the frequency will increase.

For the calculation of the universal gravity effect, over the radiation, it was still attended the universal

gravitys action over the radiation emission frequency, = , in the accelerations by gravitational

attraction in the same direction as radiation as well by the decelerations on the opposite direction of that

radiation, respecting the gravity values found by the radius of emission on its path, as well as the variation

of g since the start till the finish.

For the calculation of the gravitys action, the path was divided as many times as the number of parts in

which the matter and the radius of the universe were divided.

Universal Gravity: Effect of relativity mass.

Given that the earth is on very close to the center of the universe, the variation of the gravitys action over

the emission of light is very similar in any direction considered.

-0,05

0

0,05

0,1

0,15

0,2

0,25

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

101

Variao da frequncia devida garv. Univ.


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35RebeloFernandes

If the Doppler Effect is given in consideration, then the value of the frequency will be affected by:08-01-

09

Given that the value of the gravitation is dependant of the radius of the universe, what insures a constant

gravitational potential, and that radial velocity is unchangeable, the impact caused either by gravity or by

the Doppler Effect will always be constant, regardless considering the time of vision or the real time.

Escape velocity in the Universe

In the sense and in order to exclusively verify if the light is capable of crossing the whole universe, let us

see which is the radial escape velocity of the universe.

Once again, let us remind ourselves that in the new model of universe is the increase of gravity that

allows the open and plain growth of the universe.

0,00

0,20

0,40

0,60

0,80

1,00

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

1

01

Freq. lida imitida oposto Freq. lida mesmo lado

0

50000000

100000000

150000000

200000000

250000000

300000000

1 917

25

33

41

49

57

65

73

81

89

97

105

113

121

129

137

145

153

161

169

177

185

193

201


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36RebeloFernandes

As in any point of the universe, the radial escape velocity towards the outside is lesser than C, for which

light crosses all universe.

Considerations and speculation

6-The light from the stars

In this chapter let us try to reach some theories about the light emission of the stars, trying to relate its

frequency of emission, with its mass, its radius and its location on the universe. All characteristics are

obtained in order of the values that they possess towards the local centre of the universe.

I confess that I thought and re-thought this subject out, and given that its model changes the local values

where the stars are located, I tried from the new universal model, create a mathematical expression that

would be able to express what is the stars light emission power, given its mass, its radius, the value of

gravity and the magnetic permeability of vacuum.

The radiated power by m^2 form the stars, according the Stefan law will be given by:

= 5.67E-08

= 4 5.67E-08 - Traditional model, considering what has already been done in the power of the star is a function solely

of its mass ^ 4.

Pot = K(

Now I'm trying to build an argument that is able to reconcile theory with quantum mechanics also depend

on making of G.

Pot = K(G

T = 1,18E-12

The variation over time, is given by:


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37RebeloFernandes

Tk = 1,18E-12

Tk=

Tk

Tk = Tk

As we know from quantum mechanics:

T = k

From the article "The change in radius and energy of matter with the pure potential of universal mass in

place:

E = E

=

Tk = Tk

If we consider the mass loss we will have a much more complex problem, because the emission of

radiation drains all the mass of the star.

= + 4 5.67E-0.8 Through informatics programs it is possible to have an idea of what has happened and what will happen

throughout time.

The Dark Matter!

The last time I had the opportunity to discuss the travel speed of the galaxies, I was told by an academicin the calculation of the gravitational potential at a certain local, they would come into account the mass

interior to that local.

I believe that it is not so, all mass of the galaxy contribute to the gravitational potential created in a

particular location.

The confusion is related to the concept of potential created by a homogenous mass. Well, then yes we are

talking about a single entity, which vibrates at same time, h , the whole is what makes the mass

radiation.


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38RebeloFernandes

Confuse this type of potential created by an entity with the potential created by various entities, seems all

wrong.

In galaxies, all the masses involved in the gravitational potential created in all parts of the galaxy.

To calculate the speed of translation of the galaxies, it is necessary to elaborate a program of gravity in

between that has all the masses of the system.

In addition to the holes I admit the existence of mass not radiate, which has no electrons to revolve them.

These masses should be the nuclear type, consisting of neutrons and their related parts and multiple

neutron.

What impresses me, is the amount of mass required to explain the rotation velocities of galaxies. I am not

ruling out any other explanation. The data obtained so far are not structuring of logical reasoning. I

suspect there is some other reason for the phenomenon. The galactic gravitational forces are very intense

and can significantly change the wavelength of emission and thus distort the calculations of speed.

The design of spiral galaxies shows little distortion which leads to deduct low rotational speeds.

Characteristics of the stars along the radius of the universe

I will now present which of the characteristics of a star with the same mass as the sun, along the radius of

the universe, i.e. subdue to gravity condition, electrical permeability and different relativistic coefficients.

0

10.000

20.000

30.000

40.000

50.000

60.000

70.000

80.000

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

101

Raio actual * 10000 Temperatura actual*10

Raio visto* 10000 Temp. idade de viso*10


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Average characteristics in the universe

Considering an average star with five times the mass of the sun, subdue to the average gravity of the our

universe local.

Let us consider that the average star in the universe, will ha 9,96317E+30 Kg of mass, there would be

therefore, 8.795E+29,15424E+21 average stars, subdue to an average gravity of 6,6726E-11.

Let us study how it will, in the next 45.000.000.000 earth years, the variations in its mass, its radius,

temperature, power emitted and still the mass expenses without considering any eventual explosion

Mass:

Radius:

0,00E+00

2,00E+30

4,00E+30

6,00E+30

8,00E+30

1,00E+31

1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 58 61 64 67 70 73 76

Massa

0,00

200.000.000,00

400.000.000,00

600.000.000,00

800.000.000,00

1.000.000.000,00

1.200.000.000,00

1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 58 61 64 67 70 73 76

Raio


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Temperature:

Emitted power:

Consumed mass:

0,00

10.000,00

20.000,00

30.000,00

40.000,00

50.000,0060.000,00

70.000,00

80.000,00

1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 58 61 64 67 70 73 76

Temperatura

0

5E+29

1E+30

1,5E+30

2E+30

2,5E+30

3E+30

3,5E+30

1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 58 61 64 67 70 73 76

Potncia emit.

0

1E+29

2E+29

3E+29

4E+29

5E+29

6E+29

7E+29

1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52 55 58 61 64 67 70 73 76

Massa Gasta


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The universal night

Some authors question themselves about the lighting of the universe, supposing that it would eventually

be enlightened.

Based on this theory and based on the average star.

What will happen in the future?

Let us now study the universal density of accumulated radiated power, i.e. the coefficient between the

emitted power until a certain date by the volume of the universe on that date.

The maximum density found will be the value of 6,23729E-11w/m3, that will happen in the next

14.590.000.000 years. Later on the density will decrease.

To this rate, at that time, there would be consumed 71.46 % of all universal matter.

This density of lighting equals, lighting a sphere with 7.256 m of radius with a light bulb of 100W. Total

darkness!

Even if all the mass of the universe was consumed today, in total we would have a density of 6.584E-10

w/m3 that would equal lighting a sphere with 3.310 m of radius with a light bulb of 100w.

The universal night will be eternally dark.

7-The sun

Period of time considered was of 30.394.737 years periods and were studied 500 variations, i.e. the next

15.197.368.421, when the universe will have twice the age of today.

0

1E-12

2E-12

3E-12

4E-12

5E-12

6E-12

7E-12

1 5 913

17

21

25

29

33

37

41

45

49

53

57

61

65

69

73

77

81

85

89

93

97

101


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Mass variation;

Temperature variation;

Radius Variation

1,50E+30

1,60E+30

1,70E+30

1,80E+30

1,90E+30

2,00E+30

2,10E+30

119

37

55

73

91

109

127

145

163

181

199

217

235

253

271

289

307

325

343

361

379

397

415

433

451

469

487

Massa

0,00

5.000,0010.000,00

15.000,00

20.000,00

25.000,00

30.000,00

35.000,00

40.000,00

45.000,00

119

37

55

73

91

109

127

145

163

181

199

217

235

253

271

289

307

325

343

361

379

397

415

433

451

469

487

Temperatura

0,00

100.000.000,00

200.000.000,00

300.000.000,00

400.000.000,00

500.000.000,00

600.000.000,00

700.000.000,00

800.000.000,00

119

37

55

73

91

109

127

145

163

181

199

217

235

253

271

289

307

325

343

361

379

397

415

433

451

469

487

Raio


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43RebeloFernandes

Emitted power

Close study at the solar system

Given that all the planets have occupied different positions in relation to the sun, I think it is worth to

exemplify the past and the future.

All planets of the solar system receive energy emitted by the sun.

The energy emitted by the sun is given by:

W = 4 5.67E-08 Therefore the amount of energy that arrives to any planet is given by

Raio do planeta

W = 4 Being d the distance from the sun to the planet

If we look aside the radius of the planet we will have:

W =

Abbreviating we will have:

0

5E+28

1E+29

1,5E+29

2E+29

2,5E+29

119

37

55

73

91

109

127

145

163

181

199

217

235

253

271

289

307

325

343

361

379

397

415

433

451

469

487

Potncia emit.


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45Rebelo Fernandes

Venus

This planet received a temperature of 284.561 k approximately 1.190.000.000 years, today it receives 335k.

The sun was more orange than today given its temperature of 4.623k

The wave length emitted by the sun was 628nm, already a little higher than our visible field.

Gravity was 0.71 times smaller than the one we have on earth today.

Temperature - 30 c 0 c 30c

Years -2.250.000.000 -1.460.000.000 -730.000.000

Mars

This planet will receive the temperature of 284.561k in approximately 1.690.000 years, today it receives 231 k

The sun at that time will be whiter, given its temperature of 8.096k

The wave length emitted by the sun will be of 364nm, a little lower that our visible field. The sight, of the living

beings that will exist then, will be different than the present one.


Years 410.000.000 1.350.000.000 2.230.000.000

Earth


Years -1.150.000.000 -310.000.000 490.000.000

I leave to the specialists the probability analysis, of the planets, to have had or still be having life.

Did any of the planets already developed conditions for the development of life as we have on earth today?

Regarding the questions made in the previous article, i think that this presentation of the different characteristics

found on the planets when they had, or will have, a temperature equal to the one we have on earth today, it can

somehow help to know if there was life in any of them or if there will be.


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46Rebelo Fernandes

7-The Earth and the Moon.

The hypothesis, Darwin tide (1890). The fact that the moon is stepping away from the earth was already known

at the time, and then Darwin had the idea that about 4 million years before, the moon was almost connected to

the earth and that it spun in 5 hours. One day a tidal wave occurred in the oceans and sent it where it was today.

As seen the present theory aims to a different solution. The earth and the moon were the same matter mass,

when its formation, elongated mass, with two centers of mass and that spun over itself with a rotation velocity

equal to the one that the moon possesses today, as the translation velocity around earth (+- 1018m/s)

With the increase of gravity throughout time, and because there were two centers of mass, it stepped away from

the earth in the same proportion as the universe grew.

Because they were one, then by being part of one, always keeps the same side facing the earth.

Its separation did not take place 4 million years ago, but much longer than that, near its formation.

If we picture that the masses touched each other, let us now try to define how long ago they separated, given the

principle now adopted, in which the radius of matter decreases inversely proportional to the growth of the

universe and that the two centers of mass separated on the same proportion as the growth of the universe.

Until now we adopted that the distance between the two centers of mass, is today about 385.000.000 meters.

The earth diameter is 6.378.000 m and the moon is 1.737.400 m. If we picture the two planets touching we

would have a distance between mass cores of 8.115.400 meters.

The ratio between the current distance and the distance between the celestial bodies together should be equal to

the square of the growth (K^2) of the universe. Being k the growth and k the decrease of radius.

.. = 8.115.400

= 47.44067K = 6,8877

Therefore the moon separated from the earth when the universes radius was of its current one.

-Current radius of the universe Ru = 15.197.368.421 a.l.

-Radius of the universe when the separation took place Ruo = = 2.206.450.400 a.l.

Therefore the separation took place at the time equal to the difference between the radius of the universe,T separation = 12.990.918.021 earth years.


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In that time the moon would have a translation period around the earth of 3,993 days, same period as the earths

rotation.

In that time we had:

-Earth radius = 43.928.870 meters

-Moons radius = 11.966.722 meters

-Distance between mass centers = 55.896.592 meters

55.896.592= 385.000.000 / 6,8877

-The gravitational variable value would be Go = 6.6726E-11 x 1/6.8877 = 9,68768E-12

-Go = 9,68768E-12

To the time the density of the earth was 16,8396 Kg/m3. The moon would have a density of 10,25327Kg/m3.

The sun would have a density in the order of 4,310355Kg/m3.

What was the translation speed of the moon around the earth on those days, in other words, what was the

rotation speed of both around each other?

As:

= As:

=

= =

The translation speed was exactly the same as it is today.

By the same criteria we can conclude that the earth has abandoned the solar crown around 14.156.000.000 years

ago, having a translation period of 25.027 days.

8-Age of the Earth.

Given the variation of gravity along time, in order to do a correct dating of the earth trough radioactivity, we

have to consider this factor.


48/48

Because the radiation potential is function of the value G, and it has increased in time, the average radiation

potential will be substantially inferior to the one in nowadays, for which time will be much bigger than the one

obtained for the current G.

The earth shall be much older than we suppose today. If we consider that initial G was very close to 0, then we

would have for average G half what is seen today.

The radiation potential throughout time would have been inferior then todays, for which the radioactivity is less

intense. If it was proportional to G then the earth it should be much closer than twice the age that we think

today.

In the previous point although in a very empirical way it was concluded that the earth should have around

12.690.000.000 years.

Bibliography:

-Introduo Fsica 2 Edio. Jorge Dias de Deus, Mrio Pimenta, Ana Noronha, Teresa Pea e Pedro

Brogueira

-Lies de Relatividade de Einstein a Lorentz. Franco Selleri traduo de J.R. Croca e Rui Moreira

-Fsica Quntica tomos, Molculas, Slidos, Ncleos e Partculas. Eisberg / Resnick

- A special thanks to the Layout Engenharia, especially to my good friend Eng. Fernando Jorge Almeida, and

his collaborator Mr. Joaquim Rocha, for their help in remembering me the informatics language, without it I

couldnt be able to carry out the fulfillment, numerical, of this project.


Oporto, since late 2005 to 10 of November 2008

Documents

Physics to XXI Century II - The impact in the Cosmo’s analysis - Revised 05/2011