Physical Science 20 Review Long Answersgreenall-physicalscience20.wdfiles.com/local--files... · a.What is the boy’s frequency? 0.53 Hz b.What is the boy’s period? 1.9s. Final

Final Review Answer Key.notebook

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Physical Science 20 Review

Long Answers

All solutions were found using the formula sheet, constant tables, and the periodic table

Waves and Light

1) What are the two types of waves?

Transverse wave energy travels perpendicular to the motion of the material water waves

Longitudinal Wave energy travels parallel to the motion of the material Sound waves

2) A little drummer boy hits his drum 32 times in 60.0s.a. What is the boy’s frequency? 0.53 Hz

b. What is the boy’s period? 1.9s


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a. Is the material on the right is more or less dense?

3) For the following diagram:

b. How do the speed and wavelength of the new wave change?

The reflected wave inverts therefore the material on the right is more dense

A wave entering a more dense material will slow down and get shorter.

4) The wavelength of a water wave is 1.5 m. If the frequency of the wave is 3.6 Hz (cycles per second), what is the velocity of the wave? (5.4 m/s)

5) What is the period of a wave that travels through a spring at 2.5 m/s and has a wavelength of 1.3 meters? (0.52 s/c)

6) If a 25 m long sound wave is travelling at 8500 m/s in steel enters into water its speed reduces to 2300 m/s. What is its new wavelength? (6.8m)


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7) A standing wave is made on a 36 cm long string forming 3 antinodes (loops). If the wave is travelling at 120 m/s what is its frequency? (5.0 x102Hz)

8) How do you use a ruler to locate an image in a plane mirror?

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

0 1 2 30°

36) Use a ray diagram to find the characteristics of an image when an object is 12.0 cm from a concave mirror with an 8.0 cm focal length?

37) Use a ray diagram to find the characteristics of an image when an object is 12.0 cm from a convex mirror with an 8.0 cm focal length?

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

0 1 2 3 4 50°

9)

10)


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39) Use a ray diagram to find the characteristics of an image when an object is 18.0 cm from a concave lens with an 8.0 cm focal length?

38) Use a ray diagram to find the characteristics of an image when an object is 18.0 cm from a concave lens with an 8.0 cm focal length?

11)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

0 1 2 30°

12)

13) An object is located 30.0 cm from a converging mirror with a focal length of 5.0 cm. Where will the image be formed? (6.0 cm)

14) A diverging mirror with a focal length of ‐5.0 cm produces an image of an object that is 15.0 cm from the mirror.

a) Where does the image form? (‐3.8 cm)

b) If the object is 20.0 cm high, how high is the image? (5.0 cm)


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15) An object 8.0 cm high is 18 cm from a converging lens that has a focal length of 10.0 cm.a) Where is the image located (23 cm)

b) How tall is the image? (‐10. cm)

16) If light travels through a liquid at 2.91 x 108 m/s, what is the index of refraction (n) of that liquid?(1.03)

17) What is the speed of light through ruby? (1.70 x 108 m/s)

18) Light travels from air into water (n = 1.33). If the angle of incidence is 30°, what is the angle of refraction? (22)


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19) Calculate the index of refraction for medium X.?

20) A ray of light passes from water (n = 1.33) into zircon (n = 1.92) with an angle of incidence of 30.0°. What is the angle of refraction in the zircon? (20.3°)

21) What is the critical angle for light rays passing from crown glass (n = 1.52) into air? (41.2°)


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Chemistry, Moles and Stoichiometry

22) What are the 7 elements that for Diatomic bonds?

Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine

23) What are the five types of reactions we looked at in class?

Synthesis ‐ Formation of a compound from partsDecomposition ‐ The breaking apart of a compound into it's partsSingle Replacement ‐ an element replacing a different element's place in a compoundDouble Replacement ‐ compounds trading positive ionsCombustion ‐ Hydrocarbon substances burning in the presence of oxygen

25) Calculate the molecular mass of the following:a. Copper (63.55 g/mol)

b. Ag2CO3 (275.75 g/mol)

c. NaOH (40.00 g/mol)

d. Ca3(NO3)2 (244.26 g/mol)


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26) How many moles are in the following:a. 65.4g MgCl2 (0.687 mol)

b. 5.42 x 1023 molecules of titanium (0.900 mol)

c. 3.4g of CoO (0.0454 mol)

d. 56.4L of mustard gas (2.52 mol)

e. 132.2mL of methane gas (0.00590 mol)

27) How many moles of silver carbonate are there in 345.4mL of a 1.2M solution? (0.414)

28) What is the mass of 4.56 x 1024 molecules of Potassium Permanganate? (1.20 x103 g)

29) How many grams of tin are there in 543.2g of Tin (IV) chloride? (247.7 g)


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30) How much water should you add to 11.7 grams of magnesium permanganate to make 0.055 M solution of magnesium permanganate? (1.3 L)

31) You have 725.0 ml of a 0.998 M calcium chromate solution. Describe how you would dilute this down to a 0.0500 M solution. (14.5 L)

32) What is the percent mass of all the elements in the compound Na2CO3

(Na =43.4 %, C=11.3 %, 0=45.3 %)

33) If you mix Iron and Sulphur together under heat, you form Iron Sulphide and Rotten Egg Smell.How Much FeS is produced if you react 16.0g of sulfur with excess Iron equation:

Fe + S8 ‐‐‐> FeS(43.9 g)


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34) When 5.0 g of copper, and 14.5 g of silver nitrate react. What is the limiting reagent? equation:Cu + AgNO3 ‐‐‐> Cu(NO3)2 + Ag (Silver Nitrate)

35) When 40.0 g magnesium is placed in an excess of nitric acid it forms magnesium nitrate and releases hydrogen. Equation:

Mg + HNO3 àMg(NO3)2 + H2

a. How many grams of hydrogen gas will be produce? (3.32 g)

b. If 12.7 grams of hydrogen is actually produced, what was my percent yield of hydrogen?(383 %)

36) Explain why bridge decks have expansion joints in them using the principles of heat?

Bridges are built with expansion joints so as the bridge expands and contracts over the year it has room to move and doesn't break apart.

37) What are the three methods of heat transfer?

Conduction ‐ Heat transfer via direct contact (through solids)Convection ‐ Heat transfer via movement of particles (through fluids)Radiation ‐ Heat transfer via electromagnetic radiation

38) What is the final length of a 2.25 m aluminum rod if the temperature changes from 310.0 oC to 50.0 oC?(2.24 m)

Heat


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39) A beaker is filled to the brim with 1.25 L of ethyl alcohol at 15.0°C. How much will overflow at 53.0°C? (0.0518 L)

40) A steel beam 15.0m sits next to a concrete wall when the temperature is 20.0°C. A gap must be left between the beam and the concrete wall for expansion purposes. What is the maximum temperature the beam can reach if there is a 0.05m gap between the beam and the wall? (297.8°C)

41) How much heat is needed to raise a 1.50 kg piece of aluminum from 30.0 °C to 150.0 °C? (161000J)

42) 4.00 x 104 J of heat energy is added to a 1.00 kg block of aluminum that has an initial temperature of 10.0°C. The specific heat for aluminum is 9.20 x 102 J/kg oC. Calculate the final temperature. (53.5°C)


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43) A 0.100 kg piece of metal is heated to 480°C and then quickly placed in 0.250 kg of water at 20.0 °C which is contained in a 0.200 kg aluminum calorimeter. The final temperature of the water, metal and calorimeter is 36.0 °C. What is the specific heat capacity of the metal piece? (377 J/kg°C)

44) How much heat is given off when 3.2 kg of water freeze? Assume the temperature stays constant at 0°C? (Latent Heat) (1.1 MJ)

45) How much heat is needed to change 0.10kg of ice at –20.0 °C. to steam at 110.0°C? (Remember Latent Heat from 2 phase changes of water) (307 KJ)


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Heat of Chemistry

46) How can you tell the difference between an exothermic and an endothermic reaction?

Exothermic reactions have more heat on the product side of the reaction. In real life you will see this with an increase in temperature observed or heat being felt coming off the reaction.

Endothermic reactions have more heat on the reactant side. This input of energy needed can be observed as a drop in temperature or the reaction feeling like it gets colder.

47) What is the Enthalpy value for the following substances?

Using the Thermo Constant table

a. CH3OH (l) (ΔH = ‐238.7 kJ)

b. C6H6 (l) (ΔH = 49.0 kJ)

48) Write the heat of formation equation for the following substances.

a. CCl4 (l)

b. NO2 (g)

49) Calculate the ΔH for the following equation. State whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic. Write the full thermochemical reaction.

CuCl2 (s) + P4O6 (s) à CuO (s) + PCl3 (g)

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Physical Science 20 Review Long Answersgreenall-physicalscience20.wdfiles.com/local--files... · a.What is the boy’s frequency? 0.53 Hz b.What is the boy’s period? 1.9s. Final