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Physical GeographyPhysical Geography
South AsiaSouth Asia
11
What countries are considered What countries are considered part of South Asia?part of South Asia?
IndiaIndia PakistanPakistan NepalNepal BhutanBhutan BangladeshBangladesh Sri LankaSri Lanka MaldivesMaldives
22
SubcontinentSubcontinent South Asia is a South Asia is a subcontinentsubcontinent or or a large landmass a large landmass smaller than a smaller than a continent.continent.
Called the Indian Called the Indian Subcontinent Subcontinent because India because India dominates the dominates the region.region.
What What country country
dominates dominates South South Asia?Asia?
33
How does the size of South Asia How does the size of South Asia compare to that of the United compare to that of the United
States?States?
About ½ the size
44
Is the population of South Asia Is the population of South Asia greater or less than the U.S.?greater or less than the U.S.?
5x the size
55
What can you say about the What can you say about the population density of South population density of South
Asia?Asia?
½ the size of US but 5x the population =10x the population
density
66
Where is the highest Where is the highest population density? Why?population density? Why?
South Asia has more than South Asia has more than 11
billionbillion people people– – 1/6 (16.6%) of the world’s 1/6 (16.6%) of the world’s
population.population.
South Asia is one of the South Asia is one of the most most densely populateddensely populated regions in regions in
the world.the world.
What are What are South South Asia’s Asia’s
highest highest mountaimountai
nsns
77
The Himalayas – “Abode of The Himalayas – “Abode of Snow”Snow”
88Think of Think of
landforms landforms that would that would make travel make travel difficult in difficult in the the mountainsmountains..
99
What is the What is the world’s tallest world’s tallest mountain mountain from sea level?from sea level?
Mt. Everest
Mount EverestMount Everest
The land now called the Indian Subcontinent The land now called the Indian Subcontinent was once part of East Africa. It split off from was once part of East Africa. It split off from Africa and drifted towards Asia. When the Africa and drifted towards Asia. When the two land masses collided, the land in the two land masses collided, the land in the
collision zone was forced upward to form the collision zone was forced upward to form the Himalayas.Himalayas.
These mountains are still rising and These mountains are still rising and scientists predict that as the two tectonic scientists predict that as the two tectonic
plates continue to push against each other, plates continue to push against each other, India will eventually become one huge India will eventually become one huge
mountain range.mountain range.
1010
The Indian The Indian plate smashed plate smashed into the into the Eurasian plate Eurasian plate to force than to force than land upward to land upward to form the form the Himalayas.Himalayas.
What What island island lies off lies off
the the coast of coast of India?India?
1111
South of IndiaSouth of India Tropical Tropical
climate and climate and plantsplants
Center of the Center of the island is island is mountainousmountainous
Sri Sri LankaLanka
1212
More than More than 1200 islands1200 islands
Only about Only about 200 are 200 are
inhabitedinhabited
None of them None of them rise more rise more
than 6 feet than 6 feet above sea above sea
levellevel
The Maldives Archipelago (Archipelago or
island group)
1313
What are the longest rivers in What are the longest rivers in India?India?
Remember question # 6, these rivers are where people are most crowded in South Asia?
1414
Ganges RiverGanges River
Flows from a Flows from a glacierglacier in the Himalayas to in the Himalayas to the Bay of Bengalthe Bay of Bengal
The Ganges is an The Ganges is an important water important water source and also a source and also a sacred riversacred river..
Hindus believe it is a Hindus believe it is a life giving river that life giving river that has healing powershas healing powers
Sacred means holy, blessed or revered.
Pollution: Pollution: The The
Ganges is one of the most Ganges is one of the most polluted rivers in the worldpolluted rivers in the world
Raw sewage and Raw sewage and industrial wasteindustrial waste
Dead animals and even Dead animals and even human corpses float in human corpses float in the water the water
As a result the water is As a result the water is poisoned with toxic poisoned with toxic chemicals and deadly chemicals and deadly bacteriabacteria
Many people who drink Many people who drink or bathe in the water or bathe in the water become ill with stomach become ill with stomach or intestinal diseasesor intestinal diseases
According to many Hindu believers, the river is too holy to be harmed by pollution.
1515
What is What is the the
general general elevatioelevatio
n n pattern pattern in South in South
Asia?Asia?
Elevation is lowest on the coasts and is higher inland
How does How does the the
elevation elevation pattern of pattern of Sri Lanka Sri Lanka compare compare
to the to the rest of rest of South South Asia?Asia?
Very similar, except there are no high mountains
The first great civilization of The first great civilization of South Asia developed along South Asia developed along the Indus River more than the Indus River more than
4,000 years ago4,000 years ago
1616
What appear to be the natural What appear to be the natural boundaries of the Indus River Valley boundaries of the Indus River Valley
civilization?civilization?
Mountain ranges, Thar
Desert, Arabian Sea
To what physical feature does the To what physical feature does the civilization appear to conform?civilization appear to conform?
Indus River
Interesting FactInteresting Fact
Until about 1960, Bhutan was a kingdom forbidden to outsiders. At that time only about 100 western visitors had been to Bhutan. This isolationism was helped by its borders being made up of jungles or mountains.
In which country are the most In which country are the most religions practiced?religions practiced?
1717
Which religion is predominant in Which religion is predominant in India?India?
Which religion is predominant in Which religion is predominant in Pakistan?Pakistan?
What is the predominant religion in What is the predominant religion in Sri Lanka?Sri Lanka?
1818
What areas have the least What areas have the least amount of economic activity? amount of economic activity?
Why?Why?
What is the major economic What is the major economic activity in this region?activity in this region?
A variety of A variety of climate zones climate zones are found in are found in South Asia. South Asia.
Which zone Which zone would be the would be the
coldest?coldest?
This is the area of the Himalayas where snow exists year
round.
The lower The lower elevations of elevations of the mountain the mountain
range are much range are much warmer and are warmer and are
humid humid subtropical.subtropical.
The Semi arid regions have
high temperatures
and light rainfall.
What would be What would be the driest area?the driest area?
What areas would receive the most rain?
What is the main vegetation What is the main vegetation region?region?
1919
Rain shadowRain shadow
The land on the leeward side of hills or mountains that gets little rain from the descending dry air
2020
Monsoons –”Season of Monsoons –”Season of winds”winds”
Monsoons are Monsoons are seasonal windsseasonal winds
Winter monsoon: Winter monsoon: October – February October – February dry northeast winds dry northeast winds blow from mountainsblow from mountains
Summer monsoon: Summer monsoon: June – September June – September moist southwest moist southwest winds blow from winds blow from oceanocean