PHYSICAL

AND

CHEMICAL

Properties of Matter

What is the difference between physical and chemical properties?

Physical Properties: Can be observed or measured without changing the matter’s identity.

Chemical Properties: Cannot be observed or measured without changing the matter’s identity.

Examples of Physical Properties:

There are 6 examples………………………………..

1. Thermal Conductivity

Rate at which a substance transfers heat. Example: Oven mitts are poor conductors. Metal is an excellent conductor.

2. State

Physical form in which a substance exists. Examples are: solids, liquids and gasses.

3. Density

Mass per unit volume.Density = mass/volumeLess dense things float.More dense things sink.

4. Solubility

Ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance.

For example: Salt in water

5. Ductility

Ability of a substance to be pulled into a wire.For example: Copper

6. Malleability

Ability of a substance to be rolled or pounded into thin sheets.

For example: Aluminum Foil

Examples of Chemical Properties

There are 2 examples……………………….

1. Flammability

Ability of a substance to burn.For example ash and smoke cannot burn so

they are nonflammable.

2. Reactivity

Ability of 2 or more substances to combine and form one or more substances.

For example: Iron reacts with oxygen to form rust.

There are 2 types of changes:

1. A physical change.2. A chemical change.

Physical Changes:

Do not form new substances.It is a change that affects one or more

physical properties of a substance.

Examples of physical changes:

Sanding woodWater cycleCrushing of a can

Chemical Changes:

Happens when one or more substances are changed into new substances that have new and different properties.

Examples of chemical changes:

RocketsSoured milkEffervescent tabletsThe Statue of Liberty changing color

Physical Versus Chemical Changes

To help identify the difference ask yourself, Did the composition change?

The composition of an object is the type of matter that makes up the object and the way that the matter is arranged in the object.