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hysical activity – AOR = 0.48, 95% CI = 0.46, 0.50; highestertile – AOR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.34, 0.37). Older adults withhe highest odds of functional limitation were those aged 85ears and over (AOR = 7.76, 95% CI = 7.11, 8.46) and thoseeporting any level of psychological stress (mild psycholog-cal distress – AOR = 3.92, 95% CI = 3.57, 4.30; moderate –OR = 5.64, 95% CI = 4.78, 6.65; severe – AOR = 4.19, 95%I = 3.55, 4.94).

Conclusion: These findings demonstrate an associationetween physical activity and physical function in olderdults, and should be used to inform interventions for thisopulation group. Such interventions would need to takento account other factors such as age of participants andsychological distress.

oi:10.1016/j.jsams.2011.11.214

13

ssociations between vigorous exercise and moderatectivity patterns with disease prevalence in Centralueensland

. Kingsley 1,2,∗, B. Humphries 1, V. Dalbo 1

Institute for Health and Social Science Research, CQ Uni-ersity, AustraliaSwansea University, United Kingdom

Introduction: In order to gain health benefits, Australiandults are encouraged to accumulate 30 min of physical activ-ty, at moderate or greater intensity, on most days of the week.ufficient physical activity has been interpreted in variousays. For example, the ACSM has endorsed the recommen-ation that all healthy adults should undertake a minimumf 30 min of moderate intensity exercise on at least 5 daysf the week or 20 min of vigorous activity on at least 3 daysf the week. This study investigated associations betweenelf-reported physical activity patterns and selected diseasesn randomly selected adults living in Central Queensland,ustralia.Methods: 1289 participants (male = 635, female 654) pro-

ided responses to a direct-dial, land-based telephone surveyhat was conducted using a computer-assisted telephone-nterview survey in October–November 2010. Participantsere asked to answer questions including age, gender, stature,ass, and health status along with the Active Australia Phys-

cal Activity questions. The strength of association betweenariables was determined using odds ratios and 95% confi-ence intervals.

Results: 42% of respondents reported that they under-ook sufficient physical activity (defined as the completionf 150 min or more of moderate and vigorous activity inhe past week, where the time of vigorous activity wasoubled) and 23% reported greater than 60 min of vig-

rous activity. Sufficient physical activity was associatedith decreased prevalence of overweight and obesity (OR:.59, 0.46–0.75), diabetes (OR: 0.65, 0.44–0.96), arthritis

a(h

ine in Sport 14S (2011) e1–e119 e103

OR: 0.73, 0.56–0.96), bone disease (OR: 0.62, 0.39–0.97),nd depression and anxiety (OR: 0.48, 0.34–0.68). Under-aking 60 min or more vigorous activity was associatedith decreased prevalence of overweight and obesity (OR:.61, 0.46–0.80), diabetes (OR: 0.48, 0.28–0.83), heart dis-ase (OR: 0.43, 0.25–0.74), abnormal blood pressure (OR:.61, 0.45–0.82), elevated cholesterol (OR: 0.58, 0.41–0.82),rthritis (OR: 0.52, 0.37–0.74), bone disease (OR: 0.49,.26–0.91), back pain (OR: 0.74, 0.56–0.98), and depressionnd anxiety (OR: 0.27, 0.16–0.45).

Conclusions: Sufficient physical activity was associ-ted with reduced risk of obesity, depression and anxiety,nd selected diseases. Nevertheless, more frequent andtronger associations were evident with health outcomeshen respondents accumulated 60 min or more of vigor-us exercise. Therefore, vigorous activity patterns mightrovide additional information when assessing the risk ofarious hypokinetic diseases and researchers using the Activeustralia Physical Activity questions should consider refin-

ng the definition of sufficient physical activity to include theccumulation of 60 min of vigorous exercise.

oi:10.1016/j.jsams.2011.11.215

14

hysical activity, sitting and weight gain in Australianomen

. Brown 1,∗, R. Hockey 2, A. Dobson 2

School of Human Movement Studies, University of Queens-and, AustraliaSchool of Population Health, University of Queensland,ustralia

Introduction: The aim was to determine the relationshipsetween physical activity, sitting time and weight gain overen years in women who were aged 18–23 in 1996 and 28–33n 2006.

Methods: Participants in the youngest cohort of theustralian Longitudinal Study of Women’s Health (born973–1978) completed surveys in 1996, 2000, 2003 and006, when they were aged from 18 to 33. 6458 women pro-ided data on weight, physical activity, sitting time, energyntake, smoking, alcohol, oral contraceptive use and demo-raphic and social characteristics. A random effects model forongitudinal analysis was used to estimate annual percentageeight change associated with each variable.Results: Overall the women gained weight at a rate of

.93% per year, which corresponds to 6.1 kg over ten years forn average weight woman (65 kg). After adjustment for base-ine BMI, energy intake, parity, partnership status, smoking,ducation, hours of paid work and sitting time/physical activ-ty, women who reported doing no physical activity gained

n average of 7.9 kg in 10 years, while those in the low40 to <600 MET min/week), moderate (600 to <1200) andigh (>1200) physical activity categories gained 7.1, 6.6 and

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.3 kg, respectively. Women who reported sitting for <6 h/dayained an average of 5.4 kg and those who reported sitting6 h/day gained 6.9 kg.Conclusions: Women in the highest physical activity cat-

gory (corresponding to about 50 min of daily moderatentensity activity) gained (on average) more than 4 kg in tenears.

Discussion: These data challenge the belief that high lev-ls of physical activity protect against weight gain at thisife stage. Intervention strategies for preventing weight gainn young women should simultaneously consider all theontributing factors, which, in this cohort, include physicalctivity and sitting time, as well as energy intake, quittingmoking, initial BMI, and changes in partnership and paritytatus.

oi:10.1016/j.jsams.2011.11.216

ULTIDISCIPLINARY GRAND ROUND: FOOT, ANKLEND LOWER LIMB, 1100–1230, Orion Room

15

ultidisciplinary Grand Round: Foot, ankle and lowerimb

. Copeland

Alphington Sports Medicine Clinic, Victoria, Australia

A highly experienced and interactive multidisciplinaryanel will discuss real and complex patient presentations.eal case studies will be presented that lend themselves to

he Multidisciplinary treatment model, with differential diag-osis and treatment strategies discussed. This session aims toe both very clinical and interactive between the expert panelembers and the audience. The aim of this interactive session

s to encourage lively discussion between the expert panel andhe audience on processes of Differential diagnosis, requirednvestigations and planned treatment approach.

oi:10.1016/j.jsams.2011.11.217

REE PAPERS: KNEE INJURY AND PAIN, 1100–1230,leiades Room

16

he development of a clinical management pathway forhest wall pain in elite rowers

. Hooper 1,2,∗, P. Blanch 1, J. Sternfeldt 1

Australian Institute of Sport, AustraliaNational Rowing Centre of Excellence, Australia

Introduction: Chest wall pain continues to be a signifi-

ant problem in elite rowing, generating substantial loss ofraining time. Typically chest wall pain can originate fromony (i.e. stress fractures) and non bony structures. Non bony

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ine in Sport 14S (2011) e1–e119

auses of chest wall pain include the costo-chondral joints,ntercostals, fascia and thoracic referral. Failing to diagnosebony cause of chest wall pain early may allow an athlete

o continue training, potentially making the stress reactionr stress fracture worse. Conversely, late diagnosis of a non-ony pathology may lead to time removed from training thats not necessary.

Methods: Rowing Australia has an injury surveillance sys-em in operation across all SIS/SAS scholarship holders. Thisystem enables the capture of diagnosis, causes and time lostrom training for all injuries.

Results: During the 2009 and 2010 domestic and interna-ional seasons, amongst elite rowers across Australia, thereere 28 cases of chest wall pain that caused a loss of rowing

raining time. Thirteen of these were confirmed to be bonetress by positive bone scan, while 15 were diagnosed ason bony chest wall pain, with many, but not all confirmedith a negative bone scan. The time cost of a bony injury is-5 times greater than non bony. Rib stress reactions gener-te an average of 47.8 days time lost and rib stress fractures0.0 days time lost. In comparison with 12.6 days time lostith other chest wall pain. During the same time period, elite

owers presenting with chest wall pain were monitored atach treatment occasion for the presence of a number of sub-ective and objective markers. The subjective markers wereight pain and pain on activities of daily living (e.g. open-ng a door, carrying a bag). The objective markers were painesponse to deep breath, cough, push up and sit up. Therere marked differences between the two groups in the onset,everity, number and longevity of these presenting signs thatay allow the early differentiation of the two clinical entities.Conclusion: This information, plus the time frames cap-

ured by the injury surveillance system, has been used toenerate a clearer picture of chest wall pain in rowers. It hasnabled the development of a clinical management pathwayo guide treating practitioners.

oi:10.1016/j.jsams.2011.11.218

17

oes higher anterior knee joint laxity alter landingiomechanics in pubescent girls? Implications for non-ontact ACL ruptures

. Wild ∗, J. Steele, B. Munro

University of Wollongong, Australia

Introduction: From the onset of puberty females are at areater risk of sustaining a non-contact anterior cruciate lig-ment (ACL) rupture compared to males. Increased anteriornee laxity (AKL) in females has been proposed as a possibleause of this increased ACL injury risk, due to the associatedecrease in dynamic knee joint stability during movements

uch as landing. Despite this association, there is a dearth ofiterature investigating the effects of increased AKL on lowerimb landing biomechanics in adolescent girls. This study