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Physical Activity and Active Transportation
Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute
- www.cflri.ca -
Physical activity and healthThe role of active transportation Active transportation research &
resourcesPromoting and advocating for
active transportation
Cost of inactivity Benefits of ActivityRecommended AmountsParticipation Rates
Physical Activity and Health
Cost of Physical Inactivity
Direct
Indirect
Direct costs include medical costs to treat coronary heart disease, hypertension, stroke, breast cancer, colon cancer, type 2 diabetes, and osteoporosis.Indirect costs include the value of economic output lost because of illness, injury-related work disability, or premature death.
$1.6 billion
$3.7 billion
Total: $5.3 billion
Katzmarzyk & Janssen. Can J Appl Physiol 2004;29:90-115.
Physical Activity and Health Benefits
All cause mortality
Cardiovascular disease
Some cancers
Hypertension
Osteoporosis
Musculoskeletal fitness and health Mental health Functioning and independent living in later life
How much is enough? 30 minutes of moderate intensity exercise (e.g., brisk
walking) on most days of the week: • significant reductions in all-cause and cardiovascular
related mortality • lower risk of hypertension
Even higher durations: • lower risks of colon and breast cancer • maintenance of body mass / prevention of weight gain
Resistance and flexibility improvement:• improved musculoskeletal fitness• reduced risk of osteoporosis • helps control of hypertension
Limit television watching to less than 10 hours per week.
49% Canadian adults are at least moderately active
35% are overweight and 16% are obeseabout 60% report very good overall
health8% report Type 2 diabetesnearly 3 in 10 report high blood pressure1 in 10 report heart disease
Physical Activity and Health
Fits into everyday lifeEnvironmental benefitsSocial benefitsEconomic benefits
Active Transportation as a source of Physical Activity
Walking and cycling • accessible,
• prevalent
• popular
Along with public transport • environmentally friendly
• sustainable
The Role of Active Transportation
Environmental Impact of Motorized Transportation Dependency
Green house Gas Emissions Urban Sprawl
Social Capital
Economic Benefits
Active Transportation BulletinsResearch File & Lifestyle TipsNational Population SurveysActive Living Potential
MeasurementPublication in Peer Reviewed
Journals
Active Transportation Research and Resources at CFLRI
“Elevator Speech” documentsFacts, and quotes for professionals and
community members who want to build a case for active transportation in their community
Intended to increase knowledge on the link with each topic and active transportation
Share with:• municipal council members • municipal staff responsible for land-use planning,
transportation, public utilities, social services, parks, recreation and building codes
Active Transportation Bulletins
No 1: Health Benefits No 2: Barriers No 3: Economic BenefitsNo 4: Environmental BenefitsNo 5: Built InfrastructureNo 6: SafetyNo 7: Increasing Social CapitalNo 8: Role for Municipal Decision Makers
Active Transportation Bulletins
Recent research in physical activity and healthy living
The Research File • practitioners
Lifestyle Tips• general public
Research File and Lifestyle Tips
Sedentary Behaviours / Simple Steps to an Active New Year (January 2009)
Active Transportation (April 2009)Policy Advocacy (July 2009)Health Benefits of Physical Activity for
Adults (August 2009)Public Transit and Physical Activity
(September 2009)
Recent Topics of Interest
Current situation and a system for tracking change
Assess overall change and potential impact of policies and strategies
Incorporates findings and recommendations from the published literature
Population SurveysPhysical Activity Monitor
Prevalence of walking and cyclingSupportive physical environments
• Proximity to amenities • Places to walk and bicycle• Crime rates • Traffic
Community infrastructure• Walking trails • Designated bike lanes, trails, paths • Recreation trails • Designated facilities
Commuting • Active choices for children and for adults
Physical Activity Monitor
• 26% of children use active modes of transportation to get to school, 13% use mixed modes
Physical Activity MonitorWalking and cycling
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Adults Men Women Children Boys Girls
Leisure time walking Leisure time cycling
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
< 1000 1,000 - 4,000 5,000 - 9,999 10,000 -74,999
75,000 -200,000
> 300,000
Facilities by community size
Strongly agree there are sidewalks on the streetsStrongly agree there are facilities to bicycleMany places to safely walkMany places to safely bicycle
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
<$20,000 $20,000 -29,999
$30,000 -39,999
$40,000 -59,999
$60,000 -79,999
$80,000 -99,999
>$100,000
Facilities by annual household income
Many places to safely walk Many places to safely bike
walking as a leisure or recreational activity
proportion of people who live within a reasonable walking distance (2.5 km) of at least one routine destination
walking to a routine destination at least sometimes, but decrease in doing so at least half the time
cycling for leisure and recreation, and for utilitarian travel
National Transportation Survey Changes from 1998 to 2004:
Would like to walk and cycle moreFeel that governments have a role to play in
supporting active transportationAgree that they have pleasant places to walk
near their homeAre uneasy about traffic safety when it
comes to cycling
National Transportation Survey Adult Canadians
Half do not walk to school Three-quarters do not cycle to school Parents say the school is too far Safety is somewhat of a concern
• an improvement in safety would not change the likelihood that child would travel to school using an active mode
National Transportation SurveyChildren
Walking or Wheeling to Routine Destinations in the previous twelve months
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
To place to pursue leisure activities
To place usually shop or do errands
To visit friends or family
To nearest bus stop
To child's school
To school
To work
At least sometimes
Reasons to Walk or Cycle for Transportation
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
Exercise &health
Practicality &convenience
Pleasure
Walking Cycling
Facilitating Walking
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Better health
Better weather conditions
Safer trails and paths
Better routes, a well linked network
More pleasant routes
Better maintenance of trails & paths
Tax incentives to walk to work
Reduce volume or speed of traffic
Showers, lockers or change rooms
More route information
Facilitating Cycling
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Better weather conditions
Increased safety in traffic
Better health
More designated or better designed lanes
Better routes and connectivity
Safer trails, paths, lanes
Better maintenance of trails, paths, lanes
Safe bicycle storage
More pleasant routes, better scenery
Tax incentives from governments
• Scientifically valid and reliable tool that measures:• Activity friendliness
• Safety
• Density of destinations
• Numerous studies published in peer reviewed Journals
Neighbourhood Active Living Assessment Potential Score
PoliticalMediaProfessional mobilizationCommunity mobilizationMobilization from within
Advocacy
Build relationships with key policy makersIdentify a political champion Construct arguments around a government’s
existing policy priorities Focus arguments for physical inactivity
interventions on relevance across government sectors
Develop presentations Invite and involve politicians
Political Advocacy
Develop and strengthen links with media contacts
Identify and use high profile championsFrame media physical activity messages across
a diversity of public issues Use a variety of mediaDevelop message consistency and ‘sound bites’ Conduct research to support media storiesIdentify human interest anglesSeek and present photo opportunities
Media Advocacy
Strengthen links with professional alliesLead networks developmentUse conferences/meetings/symposiaConduct targeted workforce development
and training Encourage and support workforce
advocatesEquip professionals with arguments
regarding current issues, new evidence and breaking news to ensure that the messages are consistent and well informed.
Professional Mobilization
Mobilize participants in programs Establish and strengthen ongoing links with
local government Engage and support NGOsEncourage and support community members
as advocates Recognize/reward successful individuals and
programsAttempt to ‘shift norms’ Build into community events
Community Mobilization
Prioritise physical activity in strategic plans Recruit sympathetic board and committee
members Set an example to other organisations Run programs in your workplace and
engage the leadersInternal promotion through newsletters, e-
news, e-mailArrange praise from outside organizations
Advocacy from Within
Links from other websites Newsletters WorkshopsHandouts
Uses of CFLRI Resources
Uses of CFLRI Resources
“I often have the need to promote active transportation to other manager colleagues
and the need for flexibility and barrier removal for their staff. Being able to
provide credible concise documents from CFLRI will strengthen my arguments.”
“I guess I see the fact sheets as a credible source of information that almost anybody can use to create and reinforce arguments for what I see as a very
important opportunity to get people more active.”
Summary Active transportation contributes
to our physical, social and economic well being
Active transportation infrastructure make it the easy choice
There are opportunities to increase active transportation supports
Advocacy can help make this happen
Thank You!
- www.cflri.ca -