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PhenolsPhenols
HW: Hw1 Q 5 (12 marks)
L.O.:Describe the reactions of phenols with aqueous
alkalis and with sodium to form saltsDiscuss the roles of phenol as an early antisepticDescribe the reaction of phenol with bromine to
form 2,4,6-tribromophenolExplain the relative ease of bromination of
phenol compared to benzeneState the uses of phenols in plastics, antiseptics,
disinfectants and paints
Phenol as an acid
Phenoxy ion
Phenol is weakly soluble in water and produces solutions with a pH of about 5 to 6
• Reaction with sodium
Uses of phenols
Found in:• surfactants and detergents• disinfectantsUsed to make • pharmaceuticals like aspirin• Epoxy resins found in paints
Experiment: reaction of phenol with bromineExperiment: reaction of phenol with bromine
1) Write down 2 observations.
2)Name the product formed
3) Write a balanced equation
Explain the relative ease of Explain the relative ease of bromination of phenol compared to bromination of phenol compared to benzenebenzene
Clue #1.
R-O-H
• Clue #2
Comparing the charge densities of phenol with benzene
Phenol Benzene
• Clue #3.
Which structure can polarise bromine molecules?
Explain the relative ease of Explain the relative ease of bromination of phenol compared to bromination of phenol compared to benzene ( 3 marks + 1 Qwc)benzene ( 3 marks + 1 Qwc)
Lone pair of electrons on the oxygen atom → higher electron density in the ring → the increased electron density polarises bromine molecules.