PhD course - Milan, March 2010 - 04/21/23 1

Some additional words

about cloud computing

Lionel Brunie

National Institute of Applied Science (INSA)LIRIS Laboratory/DRIM Team – UMR CNRS 5205

Lyon, France

http://liris.cnrs.fr/lionel.brunie

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What’s a Cloud ?

"A Cloud is a type of parallel and distributed system consisting of a collection of interconnected and virtualized computers that are dynamically provisioned and presented as one or more unified computing resources based on service-level agreements established through negotiation between the service provider and consumers” (Buyya et al.)

“A large-scale distributed computing paradigm that is driven by economies of scale, in which a pool of abstracted, virtualized, dynamically-scalable, managed computing power, storage, platforms, and services are delivered on demand to external customers over the Internet” (Foster et al.)

Start point: October/November 2007 - IBM Blue Cloud

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Visit of a Cloud vendor web site

http://www.ibm.com/ibm/cloud/

« Values to customers include:Reducing IT management complexity and skill

requirements Sharing resources among multiple applications Accelerating application launches Supporting both existing and emerging, data-intensive

workloads

»

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Example: Amazon EC2/S3

Compute Cloud EC2 (Elastic Cloud Computing)« Private » virtualized servers (« instances ») of different types Example: High-CPU Extra Large Instance

7 GB of memory 20 EC2 Compute Units 1690 GB StoragePricing on a per hour basis for each instance type: from $0.084/hour for

the smallest "On-Demand" virtual machine running Linux to 12x more for the largest one running Windows (Nov. 2009). The data transfer charge ranges from $0.08 to $0.15 per gigabyte, depending volume

Data Cloud S3 (Simple Storage Service) from $0.55 to $0.15 per GB-month, + bandwidth usage (from $0.08 to 0.15

per GB) + requests (from $0.01 to $0.1 per 1000 requests)102 billion objects stored files (March 2010) data transfer is charged by TB / month data transfer, depending on the

source and target of such transfer.

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IaaS, PaaS, SaaS

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)provides computing environments/infrastructure i.e., hardware, softwarethe provisioned infrastructure can dynamically scale up and down depending

on the actual needsAmazon EC2 and S3

Platform as a Service (PaaS) high-level integrated environment to build and deploy applicationsrestrictions on the type of applications but scalable platformGoogle’s App Engine for deploying Web applications

Software as a Service (SaaS) delivers software to consumers through the Internet Salesforce: online CRM (Customer Relationship Management) Services ;

Live Mesh from Microsoft: files and folders synchronization

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Characteristics

From the customer point of view:Scalability Reliability Security and Privacy Ubiquitous and fast accessQuality of ServiceService Level AgreementPricing systemSimple to use

From the internal point of viewVirtualization« Grid » management

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Comparison of some cloud platforms

From Foster et al.

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A market oriented vision of a cloud based IT world

From Buyya et al.