2011-02-10

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IT and textiles

� New combinations of material properties

� Composites of physical material and software structures

Electronic materials

• Actuators

• Sensors

• Computational devices

• Communication

• Power (generation, storage)

• Connectors

• All of these can be more or less integrated into textile materials

Non-electronic active textiles

• Cyclodextrine, microencapsulation

• Antibacterial coatings (e.g. proteins)

• Curtains with one-way viewing

Phase-Change Materials (PCM) For extreme temperature conditions Can be microencapsulated and coated onto textiles

Everything can be an I/O device

• Potentially, all surfaces can be used as displays and/or sensing devices for computers

• Implicitly targeted towards office applications (text, graphs manipulation) and displaying images and video

• Typically focuses on issues such as – Resolution (pixels)

– Reshresh rate (Hz)

Computer displays everywhere

• Most displays have been optimized for hi-res graphics and text

2011-02-10

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Electroluminescense

• EL-wire

• EL-sheets

• Typically used for backlighting of LCDs

• Emits light in itself

2011-02-10

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Chromic materials, dynamic colors � Thermochromic � Photochromic � Electrochromic � Does not emit light in itself

The term proxemics deals with how we as humans use the space and zones around us, how differences in that space and other people affect us.

ProxT combines computational technology with textile material to aesthetically communicate these zones.

ProxT

By Linda Melin

2011-02-10

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Rubella

Gradual changes in Rubella’s appearance

Prototyping…

Rubella is built on a wood skeleton, with a number of servo motors to accomplish the movement, and heating elements in combination with thermochromic colors to create the spots on the back.

Termocromic screenprint Heatelement applicated behind fabric printed with termocromicpaint

2011-02-10

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The Fabrication handbag

� Subtly changes its appearance depending on incoming phone events, such as missed calls or SMS:s.

� By Hanna Landin and Linda Worbin

Adding computer-controlled motion to textiles

• Integrate microactuators into the textile material

• E.g. shape-memory alloys (SMA), mainly used for medical applications

• Affect the acoustic properties of a room with dynamic textiles

• Micro- and macrolevel physical movement

• Static electricity, MEMS...?

2011-02-10

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Mute

• dynamic sound absorbing textiles that clearly change expression and acoustic properties of an environment.

• these properties can also be used to represent information and create new awareness of sound or other local activity.

• By Margareta Zetterblom & PLAY

Tactile feedback/attention

Together with Arméns markstridsskola and FMV

Master work by Johan Andersson and Annika Lundberg

Sensors

• Discrete eletronics vs. Integrated into textiles – Add-on vs. Add-in

• Biophysical monitoring – Lots of sensors

• Force, elongation – Conductive elastomers

• Capacitive proximity sensors

• Etc..

Physiological monitoring

• Immediate sensing – Pulse

– Heart rate

– ECG

– Fall detection

• Long-term monitoring – Early signs of e.g. Parkinsons

– Time for walking stairs etc…

– Accelerometers

Pulse & Breating rate from PVDF

2011-02-10

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Wealthy (EU Project) Energy generation

• Batteries of course

• Mechanical energy (footsteps etc)

• Thermal energy, Seebeck effect

• Light energy, Photovoltaic effect (photo cells)

Heel-Strike Generator Using Electrostrictive Polymers (SRI)

Thermoelectric power generator

Temperature differance induces electric current (Seebeck effect) Using e.g. body heat to gerenate electric energy Wristwatch, belt, shirt buttons…

Really integrated electronics

• ”Textile transistors” on yarns and fibers (e.g. FiCom, Arianne)

• Passive components – E.g. inductors

• Electronic matrix for e.g. displays – Electroluminescent

– Thermochromic

– Electrochormic

– LEDs…

Woven RFID Antenna (A. Neudeck, TITV-Greitz)

2011-02-10

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Electroluminenscent textiles (A. Neudeck, TITV-Greitz)

Connectors

• Electrically conductive Velcro

• Conductive sheets

• Capacitive coupling

• Inductive coupling

• Person-area networks

• Body-area networks

Weaving with conductiv yarn, carbon and metall wire The construction

2011-02-10

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Scalability?

• Larger networks and surfaces

The Pin&Play Network Lancaster University

• Concept

� “The wall as network bus for the things attached to it”

� A new type of network to connect everyday objects on common surfaces such as boards and walls

Use of familiar interaction

� “pinning objects to the wall” “pinning nodes to the network”

Preserve original functionality

� Embedded computing does not displace original uses

Pin&Play Noticeboard

Network Technology

• 1-wire bus, Dallas MicroLAN

• 16300 bits/s

Pin&Play Objects

• “Smart Notification Pin”: iButton and switchable LED

• Time-in-a-can iButton: memory, internal calendar and clock

Switch Switch

Time-in-a-Can Time-in-a-Can

Pin&Play Noticeboard

Network control

• External laptop connected as 1-wire network node

• runs network controller

• used to pre-set pins with priority and deadlines

User interaction

• insert or remove pin

• network detects change

• protocol to determine pin with highest priority

Scaling up … • … bigger boards, more nodes

Testing versatility … • … different objects, different applications

Pin&Play Lightswitch

• place it where you like!

2011-02-10

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Large-scale, self-organizing networks

Can be cut in any size and shape Infineon + Vorwerk carpets

Thanks!