PESTNEWS SUD S U A T F HAF IK R I C ANS E AN P E S TCON R ... · to cause harm to health. The amount needed to cause harm depends on the chemical. Like other chemicals, some pesticides

PESTNEWSPublished by: South African Pest Control Association • P.O. Box 8126, Centurion, 0046

Tel: 012 654 8038 • Fax: 086 674 7880 • Email: [email protected] • Get more info @ www.sapca.org.za

May 2014

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ICAN PEST CONTROL ASSOCIATION

SUID-AFRIKAANSE PLAAGBEHEERVERENIGIN

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Pg 5: Pesticides and Health

Pg 10: Centipedes Pg 13: MalariaPg 3: Practical training

PEST NEWS I MAY 20142

Dear Members

We are already in May and Pestbiz is around the corner. Please register for the conference and go on the SAPCA website www.sapca.org.za to have a look at the provisional program.I can safely say that we have settled in at our new premises and we are loving it! With a bigger place comes more responsibility and risk, but us ladies can handle any problem.Exciting news for the WDO and termite students. The PCSIB is launching a new Wood Destroying Organism and Termite management course. This will be a NQF level 4 course with an introduction of 3 days where the Assessor will do the usual training on the WDO manual and presentation. The student will receive all the necessary

workbooks, study skills guide as well as an introduction CD which will help with inspections. After the practical training of 6 months under the supervision of a woodborer inspector with a P number qualification and completing the portfolio and workbook, the student can ask for an assessment when he/she is ready.

This course is designed in compliance with the national standards and outcome requirements of the NQF Level 4 Occupational Certificate Pest Management Officer curriculum. The qualification is also registered on the National Qualification Framework.The course learning material contains basic scientific information as well as guidelines for practical solutions to wood-destroying pest problems. A number of subjects will be discussed i.e.: Biology of wood destroying organisms and termite treatment processes etc. Please contact the office to register for the course or to get more information.The PCSIB is also embarking on more practical training. We have three new practical training days on:Basic structural practical training, basic weed practical training and a Technician’s workshop.Practical one-day workshops are frequently done to allow students to obtain practical hands-on experience. During these workshops students learn to work with equipment, identify pests and plan appropriate methods of control.The purpose of the workshop is to develop your Service Technician into

a Professional Representative of your Company.The workshop covers the following topics:1. Business Etiquette and our South African Culture2. Codes of Best Practice: a. Self-Induction and Company Information b. Communication c. Identifying and respecting Customers’ needs and assets d. Personnel hygiene and Operational Behavior e. Securing repeat business- leave your client with a lasting impression3. The success of Self-Motivation and a positive attitude!

Then a last reminder:Please remember to renew your P number if it is due before the end of June 2014. Take note of the new tariffs for 2014 of the Department of Agriculture.

New Application from 1st April 2014 R1800-00 Renewal from 1st April 2014 R950-00

SAPCA members are welcome to send the complete application (original documents) to Lynette to hand in to the Department.It is best to send by courier and not by post!

Non-members will pay a fee of R200-00 for this service.

Till next time.

Lynette

Letter from the CEO

CEO Lynette Cokayne

102 Willem Botha Avenue, Eldoraigne, Centurion, 0157PO Box 8129, Centurion, 0046

Tel: 012-654 7708 • Cell: 083 294 8066 • Fax: 086 519 1384Email: [email protected]

www.pcsib.org.za

102 Willem Botha Avenue, Eldoraigne, Centurion, 0157PO Box 8126, Centurion, 0046

Tel: 012-654 8038 • Fax: 086 674 7880, Email: [email protected]

www.sapca.org.za

SOUT

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AFRICAN

PEST

CONTROL

ASSOCIATION

SUID-AFRIKAANSE

PLAAGBEHEERVERENIGIN

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PEST NEWS I MAY 2014 3

The Wefco ACTIVE range consists of products that have been developed and scientifically tested with Integrated Pest

Management in mind.

The Wefco ACTIVE range offers a variety of modern high technology pesticide

formulations, including application equipment and specialized lure and

trap products.

Wefco ACTIVE Rat & Mouse Blocks Reg. No. L6189 Act No. 36 of 1947 Brodifacoum 0.05g/kg – (Harmful) Wefco ACTIVE Rat & Mouse Pellets Reg. No. L6190 Act No. 36 of 1947 Brodifacoum 0.05g/kg – (Harmful) Wefco ACTIVE Liquid Concentrate Rat & Mouse Bait Reg. No. L6192 Act No. 36 of 1947 Brodifacoum 0.75g/kg – (Very Toxic)

Wefco ACTIVE® International cc • Tel: +27 33 346 1920 • Fax: +27 33 346 0512 • Email: [email protected] • Website: www.wefco.co.za

• ScientificallyProven.• Widerangeofbaitpresentationsthatcanbeusedsingularly, in combination or in sequence.• Highlyattractiveandpalatable.• BasedonBrodifacoum.• Contains“Bitrex”forsafety,tolimitpoisoningofnontargetspecies.

“The Professional Choice”

PCSIB had a Structural Practical Workshop on the 29th of April presented by the SAPCA

Gauteng Regional Chairman, Matthys de Beer. It was a huge success and students learnt a lot. It is always a good idea to go back to basics from time to time. This way you are kept on track of the do’s and don’ts of what is expected from a pest control operator according to regulations.

The image of a pest control technician is of utmost importance to any company as this person represents the company on more than one level. Points of discussions ranged from calculations, calibration, reading labels correctly, the use of Personal Protective Equipment and Occupational Health and Safety in

Practical Structural Day – PCSIB

the workplace. Matthys also demonstrated the correct use of equipment.

Each technician had to come in their own service vehicles. Matthys showed them the correct and safe way of organizing their vehicles according to the law. Ross Clark from Ensystex also joined the workshop with a physical demonstration of electronic fly units.

PCSIB will be concentrating a lot more on one day practical workshops. Please contact the office if you want to book training for your company or have any ideas of what we can offer.


Rossi Roach BaitFipronil 0,5 g/kg Caution: Reg. No. L 9307 Act no. 36 of 1947

Agent Roach BaitHydramethylnon 21,5 g/kg Caution: Reg. No. L 9531 Act no. 36 of 1947

Imidor Roach BaitImidacloprid 21,5 g/kg Caution: Reg. No. L 9339 Act no. 36 of 1947

NEW RANGE OF ROACH GELS

Registration holder: Villa Crop Protection (Pty) Ltd. Co. Reg. No. 1992/002474/07 PO Box 10413, Aston Manor, 1630Tel. (011) 396 2233 24 hour emergency number: Griffon Poison Information Centre: 082 446 8946

Please contact your nearest PES distributor for more details.


What are the potential health effects of Pesticides?

AT A GLANCE• Toxicity is the ability of a chemical

to cause harm to health. The amount needed to cause harm depends on the chemical

• With most pesticides, the longer you are exposed the greater the chance of harm

• People can be exposed by breathing a pesticide, getting it into the mouth (by eating or drinking, for example), or by contact with the skin or eyes

• Some people are more at rist than others, depending on their age, gender, individual sensitivity, or other factors

Although pesticides are intended to harm only the target pest, if not used correctly, they can also harm people or the environment.

The presence of a pesticide in the environment is not necessarily a problem, but it may be a source of exposure. As with all toxic substances, whether the exposure causes harm depends on the dose, how someone is exposed, how sensitive an individual may be to that toxin, and the toxicity of the pesticide involved.

WHAT DO YOU MEAN, “RISK = TOXICITY + EXPOSURE”?Toxicity is the capacity of a chemical to cause harm to health. The amount needed to cause harm depends on the chemical. Like other chemicals, some pesticides are more toxic than others. A small quantity of highly toxic pesticide can cause great harm, but almost any substance can cause harm in large enough doses. That is why, when we consider risk, we consider both the toxicity and your exposure to it (how, how much and how long).

With most (but not all) pesticides, the more a person is exposed to a particular substance, the greater the chance of harm. Two aspirins may

get rid of your headache but an entire bottle will make you sick. And for some people, aspirin may be harmful even at low doses. The degree of harm depends on the chemical, the situation and the person. The same is true for pesticides. Very small amounts of even the most toxic materials may do no or immeasurably small harm. Less toxic materials in large amounts can cause great harm.

HOW ARE PEOPLE EXPOSED TO PESTICIDES? People can be exposed in three ways:• Breathing (inhalation exposure)• Getting it into the mouth or

digestive tract (oral exposure)• Contact with the skin or eyes

(dermal exposure)

Pesticides can enter the body by any or all three of these routes. Inhalation exposure can happen if you breathe air containing pesticide as a vapour, as an aerosol, or on small particles like dust. Oral exposure happens when you eat food or drink water containing pesticides. Dermal exposure happens when your skin is exposed to pesticides. This can cause irritation or burns. In more serious cases, your

skin can absorb the pesticide into the body, causing other health effects.

Some pesticides evaporate more easily than others so are more likely to be inhaled. Some break down quickly on surfaces; others last longer. A pesticide applied as a liquid spray may drift more easily than dry granules. A pesticide sealed in a trap is less likely to be eaten accidentally by a child or a pet. A dry pesticide plowed into the soil can be dangerous to ground water, but is not likely to drift through the air. All these factors affect the potential risk of human exposure and are considered when rules are made for pesticide use.

DOES HOW LONG YOU ARE EXPOSED MAKE A DIFFERENCE?Generally, the longer or more often a person is exposed to a given amount of a pesticide, the greater the chance of harm.

ARE SOME PEOPLE MORE AT RISK THAN OTHERS?Pesticides affect different people differently. Children may be more sensitive to some pesticides that adults. Compared to adults, they breathe in more air and eat more food relative to their body size, increasing their exposure. When children play on floors and lawns or put objects in their mouths they increase their chance of exposure to pesticides used in yards and on lawns. Also, their developing bodies may not break down some chemicals as effectively as adults.

People of any age with asthma or other chronic diseases may be more likely than healthy individuals to get sick after pesticide exposure. Some individuals are also more sensitive to the odour or other irritant effects of certain pesticides.

But no matter what their individual sensitivities, people in the greatest danger of pesticide illness are those whose exposure is highest, such as workers who mix or apply pesticides. People who use pesticides in their homes may also be overexposed and become ill, especially if they do not carefully follow the directions on the product label. People living near agricultural fields are more likely than urban residents to be exposed to farm chemicals (although their exposure may not necessarily be high enough to cause harmful effects).

Reference: www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/dept/comguide/effects_excerpt


The following insects has been successfully treated in South Africa since November 2013:

Bedbugs in hotels Pallets for ISPM 15 purposes in Stellenbosch, approved by the Inspector of Department of Agriculture, currently awaiting Heat Treatment registration documents from Pettunia, Silos with weevils3 Residential houses with Anobium punctatum in Oregon pine wooden floors and 1 house with Lyctus Brunneus beetles in hardwood wooden floors Bamboo borers in bamboo ceiling Plastic crates with Cockroaches, Hardwood mouldings for Lyctus Brunneus beetles, etc.

Heat up.... Sheet up.... Count the bodies!Thermokil introduces an eco- friendly sustainable alternative to Methyl bromide.

With the phasing out of Methyl Bromide and the drawbacks of alternatives such as Sulphuryl Flouride and Phosiphine, heat treatment has emerged as one of the most promising new insect pest treatments for some time.

It is an accepted replacement for Methyl bromide. Be abreast of the changes in US & Europe.

Heat Treatment kills all life stages of pest insects with various species having a slightly higher or lower threshold and this is done withoutcausing damage to surrounding structures or electronics.

Successful treatments of whole buildings are now becoming moreaccepted and heat treatment for bedbug control is difficult to treat.Treatment of bedroom furniture has proven very successful.

It meets with the costumers wishes, and is a cost effective alternative.It is in compliance with the ISPM 15 export requirements.

The Thermolog temperature monitoring sensors monitors the temperature effectively to ensure proper heat distribution and effective killing of insects.

At long last RSA has its first Heat treatment option

Feedback from clients:Clients are happy as the treatment is safe, easy, no contamination, effective and no shut down time, clients can remain on the property whilst treatment is done.Clients are impressed with the professional Thermolog temperature system designed for use in pest control jobs and especially the monitoring of the heat treatment of ISPM 15 treatments. On completion of the heat treatment the client receives a temperature graph indicating that the correct temperatures were achieved and this also serves as the clients warranty.So far Thermokil heat treatment proves to be a winning combination and works perfectly with South African conditions.

The key to successful heat treatment is the understating of how heat distribution occurs in different situations and the management of hear resources to maximize

efficiency and eliminate potentially damaging situations.

By Johan Fourie | Ridco

Highly active single feed anti-coagulant rodenticide

Always place bait in a secure bait station to avoid primary poisoning of non-target animals and humans.Finale® Grain Bait Reg. No. L7848 Act No. 36 of 1947 Namibian Reg. No. N-AR 0712 Active ingredient: Difethialone (anti-coagulant) 0,025 g/kg HARMFULFinale® Pellets Reg. No. L5549 Act No. 36 of 1947, Namibian Reg. No. N-AR 0430, Botswana Reg. No. W130233 of Act No. 18 of 1999 Active ingredient: Difethialone (anti-coagulant) 0,025 g/kg HARMFULFinale® Wax Blocks Reg. No. L5356 Act No. 36 of 1947, Namibian Reg. No. N-AR 0424, Botswana Reg. No. W130374 of Act No. 18 of 1999 Active ingredient: Difethialone (anti-coagulant) 0,025 g/kg HARMFULFinale® is a registered trademark of the Bayer Group.Registration holder: Bayer (Pty.) Ltd., Reg. No. 1968/011192/07, P.O. Box 143, Isando, 1600, SOUTH AFRICA www.bayerhome.co.za Distributor: Coopers Environmental Science Tel. no. +27 11 979 4246 / 7 Fax no. +27 11 979 4248, www.cooperses.co.za © Bayer (Pty.) Ltd. Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Effective rodent control in various premises.

Control of the Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus), Roof rat (Rattus rattus) and House mouse (Mus musculus).

Highly palatable formulations.

Contains a bittering agent that reduces ingestion potential by humans and pets.

Bayer is offering you the solution to control rodents with a complete range of benefits:


Every owner or person responsible for hygiene and safety in a Meat processing plant should implement a pest control policy which contributes to maximizing of food safety. The policy must ensures that a fair, consistent and timely approach will be taken by staff in response to the presence or activity of pests, more particularly rodents within meat plants.Pest presence or activity inside a meat processing plant poses a significant risk to food safety as they may lead to contamination of ingredients, packaging, food contact surfaces and food. Evidence of rodent presence or their activity includes droppings, sightings, gnawing, grease marks and nesting.

Rodent presence or activity is problematic and requires immediate response.

All Pests should be controlled to prevent their access to slaughterhouses and Meat processing plants. This is best achieved by the construction of buildings and working places where access of pests is hindered, unfortunately most Meat Processing plants are existing old buildings which make closing of all

entry points almost impossible. In all circumstances good Pest control measures are of utmost importance.Keeping a Meat processing plant cool is crucial not only for bacteria but also for keeping pests like cockroaches and flies away. The cold is a good starting point but will not be the only determining factor as pests will still forage for food even if they have to tolerate the cold.

The most effective way to control rodents in a Meat processing plant is to separate them from food supplies forcing them to migrate in search of food elsewhere. All water sources should be eliminated especially display fridges which normally leak water after sometime. This can only be done through careful management of hygiene standards in food production.

The best known method of control is using of traps. Trapping is of special importance in an environment where food is produced, handled or stored because poisonous baits cannot be used for safety reasons.If Chemical products are used they will be accompanied by supporting documents to show that they are suitable for use in food processing

areas. Chemicals must be stored separately from meat products to prevent contamination and in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions.

If it is deemed necessary to use bait stations, it is important to prevent spread of rodenticides in the production areas and the bait stations should be inspected regularly.

Sanitation methods along with screens to keep flies out of the Meat processing plant should be sufficient. All the residues from meat products should be sealed in bags and not left in garbage bins as this is an excellent breeding place for flies.

On the outside of the Meat processing plant, residual insecticides can be applied to surfaces such as walls and overhangs that are being used by the flies as resting areas.

Baits can be used in refuse areas and may be effective in reducing the number of adult flies if proper sanitation practices are followed. Meat is very sensitive to bacteria and most insects carry bacteria from one area to another. Good sanitation and frequent inspections will ensure that the Meat processing plant is safe from pests and that clients will remain happy with the quality of products that are sold.

Pests vs the meat processing plantBy Anzelle van Niekerk

The most effective way to control rodents in a Meat processing plant is to separate them from food supplies forcing them to migrate in search of food elsewhere


How to make better hiring decisionsBy Mel Kleiman

The best applicant and the best employee are rarely one in the same, so I recommend following a “hire tough,

manage easy” philosophy. Even if you occasionally miss the mark, you will still be hiring to a higher standard. The following “best practices” will help you build an excellent team:

1. There are two parts to every interview: gathering information and evaluating that information. To the best of your ability, keep them separate. Most interviewers have a tendency to let one good or bad answer skew their take on subsequent responses. Avoid having a single “perfect” response cause you to overlook faults or inconsistencies in later answers, or a single less-than-stellar response jade your perception of an otherwise outstanding candidate.

2. Rather than rely on your memory or notes, after each interview immediately fill out a standardized interview evaluation form. Such a document enables you to identify and score personality traits, as well as talents, skills and abilities that can lead to an employee’s success on the job.

3. If you are responsible for screening job applicants before referring them to others for interviews, keep your findings to yourself. Don’t influence their perception of a candidate; the fact that you passed a candidate on

is your tacit stamp of approval. After all interviews and testing have been completed, then it’s time to compare notes and contribute to the hiring decision.

4. Always check references. According to The Society for Human Resource Management, 20-25 percent of all

resumes and applications contain at least one major discrepancy. If you don’t check references and it turns out an employee’s employment record has been falsified, you can be held accountable and at risk for a negligent hiring lawsuit.

5. If you make the final hire/don’t hire decision, consider the following suggested formula:

• 30 percent: Results of any pre-employment testing

• 30 percent: Interview performance • 30 percent: Results of the

reference check • 10 percent: Your feelings, intuition

and opinion should count for a small portion because, no matter how hard you may try to eliminate your biases, they still come into play

If the applicant scores poorly in any one of these areas, it should be a deal breaker. However, an exceptional rating in any one area shouldn’t, on its own, get someone hired. You want good ratings in all four areas before you make an offer of employment.

There are two parts to every interview: gathering information and evaluating that information. To the best of your ability, keep them separate.


CENTIPEDES – “100 legs”

APPEARANCECentipedes belong to class of Chilopoda. The name centipede, which means “100 legs”, can besomewhat misleading. Centipedes are elongated, with flat, segmented bodies what contain a pair of legs per segment.Centipedes accur in several colors and patterns but most common are brown and reddish orange. They range in size from 4 to 152 mm, depending on the species.

The heads of centipedes have a pair of long and sensitive antennae. They have small mouths and have large, clawlike structures that contain a venom gland. Because most centipedes are carnivorous creatures that forage for food at night, they use their claws to paralyze their victims, such as worms, spiders and small vertebrates.

Some species of centipede can be hazardous to humans because of their bite. Although a bite to an adult human is usually very painful and may cause severe swelling, chills, fever, and weakness, it is unlikely to be fatal. Bites can be dangerous to small children and those with allergies to bee stings. The bite of larger centipedes can induce anaphylactic shock in such people. Smaller centipedes usually do not puncture human skin.Even nonvenomous centipedes are considered frightening by humans due to their dozens of legs moving at the same time and their tendency to dart swiftly out of the darkness towards one’s feet.

BEHAVIOR, DIET & HABITSAdult centipedes hide in moist, dark and secluded areas during winter. They place eggs in dampened soil during summer or spring. As centipedes become adults, they grow a complete set of legs and extra segments. Most centipedes live for more than a year and some up to six years. Centipedes may enter houses and buildings, but they do not roam during daytime. They hide in damp areas around bathrooms, closets, basements and other sites typically infested by pests.Centipedes detect prey through the use of their antennae, which are covered with dence hairs. Theirprey is immobilized by venom injected from the maxilliped fang and held in place by the maxillipeds. Prey is passed to the mouth via the first and second macillae and is then broken down by the mandibles. Most centipedes are carnivorous and prey upon soft-bodies insects, spiders worms and other arthropods, including other centipedes

SIGNS OF A CENTIPEDE INFESTATIONCentipedes Typically leave no direct signs other than the sighting of the centipede itself.Centipedes are fast moving, agile, nocturnal animals. They are rarely seen by humans due to their nocturnal activity and the speed with which they move. While Centipedes have compound eyes containing as many as 200 optical units, others do not have eyes. All Centipedes have very poor eyesight and track their prey through the use of touch and smell. Centipedes are venomous.

Their venom allows them to attack prey and defend themselves againstpredators and other natural enemies. Centipede venom is not normally life endangering to humans, although the bite can be painful.

CENTIPEDE BITEA centipede bite is an injury resulting from the action of the Centipedes’s forcipules, pincer like appendages that pierce the skin and inject venom into the wound. Such a wound is not technically a bite, as the forcipules are modified legs rather than true mouthparts. Clinically, the wound is viewed as a cutaneous condition characterized by paired hemorrhagic marks that form a chevron shape caused by the large paired forcipules of the centipede.The centipede’s venom causes pain and swelling in the area of the bite, and may cause other reactions throughout the body. The majority of bites are not life-threatening to humans and present the greatest risk to children and those who develop allergic reactions. SYMPTOMESThe history of a centipede bite is fairly straightforward; the victim typically sees and identifies the characteristic centipede before, or soon after being bitten.

Symptoms which are most likely to develop include:• severe pain, which is usually

in proportion to the size of the centipede

• swelling and redness• swollen, painful lymph nodes in

the regions of the bitten limb• headache• palpitations or a racing pulse • nausea and vomiting• anxiety• local itching and burning

sensations

The wound left by the bite may be accompanied by swelling, redness, and small puncture wounds which may form a circular pattern. This wound may be susceptible to local ulcerations and necrosis.

Ref: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/centipedeinsects.about.coma-z animals.com

Always place bait in a secure bait station to avoid primary poisoning of non-target animals and humans.Racumin® Paste Reg. No. L6401 Act No. 36 of 1947 Active ingredient: Racumin® Active ingredient: Racumin® Active ingredient: Racumin® is a registered trademark of the Bayer Group.Registration holder: Bayer (Pty.) Ltd., Reg. No. 1968/011192/07, P.O. Box 143, Isando, 1600, SOUTH AFRICA www.bayerhome.co.za Distributor: Coopers Environmental Science Tel. no. +27 11 979 4246 / 7 Fax no. +27 11 979 4248, www.cooperses.co.za © Bayer (Pty.) Ltd. Copyright 2014, All rights reserved.

Coumatetralyl (anti-coagulant) 0,375 g/kg CAUTIONRat and Mouse Wax Blocks Reg. No. L8465 Act No. 36 of 1947, Namibian Reg. No. N-AR 0968 Coumatetralyl (anti-coagulant) 0,375 g/kg CAUTIONTracking Powder Reg. No. L2800 Act No. 36 of 1947 Coumatetralyl (anti-coagulant) 7,5 g/kg CAUTION

Multiple feed anti-coagulant rodenticide.

Reduced risk of secondary poisoning.

Effective rodent control in various environments.

Contains a bittering agent that reduces ingestion potential by humans and pets.

Bayer is ensuring effective control of rodents with its ®Racumin range offering:

Highly active multiple feed anti-coagulant rodenticide


080 ENSYSTEX

Ensystex is the NEW leader in rodent control technology and stands behind every product

PASTA BAIT

080 ENSYSTEXCALL(080-367-9783)

ENSYSTEX SOUTH AFRICALower Ground, 13 Jacoba Street Alberton 1450

™ RODENTHOR is a trademark of Ensystex Inc. used by licence to Ensystex South Africa.Co./Mpy Reg.No.2008/009219/07 Reg.No. L8387 Act/Wet No.36 of/van 1947

Active Ingredients. Brodifacoum (HARMFUL) 0.005% w/w. Denatonium Benzoate aversive agent 0.001% w/w.

REGISTRATION HOLDER / REGISTRASIEHOUER Mr. Stefano Migliore, Postnet Suite 148, Private Bag/Privaatsak X4, BEDFORDVIEW, 2008 TEL: 011 616 3222 Distributed by Ensystex.

High palatability ensures fatal

attraction. One feed is all that is required

to kill a rodent.

Effective against all species of rats and mice.

EFFICIENT 10g sachet ensures your purchase

goes further.

The pasta bait combines the active ingredient

with long-lasting stability, palatability and high efficacy.

The economical 10 g single-dose tea bags allow the olfactory propagation of the luring components contained in the product.

ATTRACTIONFATA L BRODITOP PASTA is irresistible to rodents, and a single feed is lethal to every rodent, every time.



080 ENSYSTEX


PASTA BAIT



™ RODENTHOR is a trademark of Ensystex Inc. used by licence to Ensystex South Africa.Co./Mpy Reg.No.2008/009219/07 Reg.No. L8387 Act/Wet No.36 of/van 1947

Active Ingredients. Brodifacoum (HARMFUL) 0.005% w/w. Denatonium Benzoate aversive agent 0.001% w/w.

REGISTRATION HOLDER / REGISTRASIEHOUER Mr. Stefano Migliore, Postnet Suite 148, Private Bag/Privaatsak X4, BEDFORDVIEW, 2008 TEL: 011 616 3222 Distributed by Ensystex.

High palatability ensures fatal

attraction. One feed is all that is required

to kill a rodent.

Effective against all species of rats and mice.

EFFICIENT 10g sachet ensures your purchase

goes further.

The pasta bait combines the active ingredient

with long-lasting stability, palatability and high efficacy.

The economical 10 g single-dose tea bags allow the olfactory propagation of the luring components contained in the product.

ATTRACTIONFATA L BRODITOP PASTA is irresistible to rodents, and a single feed is lethal to every rodent, every time.


Malaria

• Malaria is a life-threatening disease caused by parasites that are transmitted to people through the bites of infected mosquitoes.

• In 2012, malaria caused an estimated 627 000 deaths (with an uncertainty range of 473 000 to 789 000), mostly among African children.

• Malaria is preventable and curable.• Increased malaria prevention and

control measures are dramatically reducing the malaria burden in many places.

• Non-immune travellers from malaria-free areas are very vulnerable to the disease when they get infected.

According to the latest estimates, released in December 2013, there were about 207 million cases of malaria in 2012 (with an uncertainty range of 135 million to 287 million) and an estimated 627 000 deaths (with an uncertainty range of 473 000 to 789 000). Malaria mortality rates have fallen by 42% globally since 2000, and by 49% in the WHO African Region.

Most deaths occur among children living in Africa where a child dies every minute from malaria. Malaria

mortality rates among children in Africa have been reduced by an estimated 54% since 2000.

Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites. The parasites are spread to people through the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes, called “malaria vectors”, which bite mainly between dusk and dawn.

There are four parasite species that cause malaria in humans:• Plasmodium falciparum• Plasmodium vivax• Plasmodium malariae• Plasmodium ovale.Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax are the most common. Plasmodium falciparum is the most deadly.

In recent years, some human cases of malaria have also occurred with Plasmodium knowlesi – a species that causes malaria among monkeys and occurs in certain forested areas of South-East Asia.

TRANSMISSIONMalaria is transmitted exclusively through the bites of Anopheles mosquitoes. The intensity of transmission depends on factors

related to the parasite, the vector, the human host, and the environment.About 20 different Anopheles species are locally important around the world. All of the important vector species bite at night. Anopheles mosquitoes breed in water and each species has its own breeding preference; for example some prefer shallow collections of fresh water, such as puddles, rice fields, and hoof prints. Transmission is more intense in places where the mosquito lifespan is longer (so that the parasite has time to complete its development inside the mosquito) and where it prefers to bite humans rather than other animals. For example, the long lifespan and strong human-biting habit of the African vector species is the main reason why about 90% of the world’s malaria deaths are in Africa.

Transmission also depends on climatic conditions that may affect the number and survival of mosquitoes, such as rainfall patterns, temperature and humidity. In many places, transmission is seasonal, with the peak during and just after the rainy season. Malaria epidemics can occur when climate and other conditions suddenly favour transmission in areas where people have little or no


immunity to malaria. They can also occur when people with low immunity move into areas with intense malaria transmission, for instance to find work, or as refugees.

Human immunity is another important factor, especially among adults in areas of moderate or intense transmission conditions. Partial immunity is developed over years of exposure, and while it never provides complete protection, it does reduce the risk that malaria infection will cause severe disease. For this reason, most malaria deaths in Africa occur in young children, whereas in areas with less transmission and low immunity, all age groups are at risk.

SYMPTOMSMalaria is an acute febrile illness. In a non-immune individual, symptoms appear seven days or more (usually 10–15 days) after the infective mosquito bite. The first symptoms – fever, headache, chills and vomiting – may be mild and difficult to recognize as malaria. If not treated within 24 hours, P. falciparum malaria can progress to severe illness often leading to death. Children with severe malaria frequently develop one or more of the following symptoms: severe anaemia, respiratory distress in relation to metabolic acidosis, or cerebral malaria. In adults, multi-organ involvement is also frequent. In malaria endemic areas, persons may develop partial immunity, allowing asymptomatic infections to occur.For both P. vivax and P. ovale, clinical relapses may occur weeks to months after the first infection, even if the patient has left the malarious area. These new episodes arise from dormant liver forms known as hypnozoites (absent in P. falciparum and P. malariae); special treatment – targeted at these liver stages – is required for a complete cure.

WHO IS AT RISK?Approximately half of the world’s population is at risk of malaria. Most malaria cases and deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa. However, Asia, Latin America, and to a lesser extent the Middle East and parts of Europe are also affected. In 2013, 97 countries and territories had ongoing malaria transmission.Specific population risk groups include:• young children in stable

transmission areas who have not yet developed protective immunity against the most severe forms of the disease;

• non-immune pregnant women as malaria causes high rates

of miscarriage and can lead to maternal death;

• semi-immune pregnant women in areas of high transmission. Malaria can result in miscarriage and low birth weight, especially during first and second pregnancies;

• semi-immune HIV-infected pregnant women in stable transmission areas, during all pregnancies. Women with malaria infection of the placenta also have a higher risk of passing HIV infection to their newborns;

• people with HIV/AIDS;• international travellers from non-

endemic areas because they lack immunity;

• immigrants from endemic areas and their children living in non-endemic areas and returning to their home countries to visit friends and relatives are similarly at risk because of waning or absent immunity.

DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENTEarly diagnosis and treatment of malaria reduces disease and prevents deaths. It also contributes to reducing malaria transmission.The best available treatment, particularly for P. falciparum malaria, is artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT).WHO recommends that all cases of suspected malaria be confirmed using parasite-based diagnostic testing (either microscopy or rapid diagnostic test) before administering treatment. Results of parasitological confirmation can be available in 15 minutes or less. Treatment solely on the basis of symptoms should only be considered when a parasitological diagnosis is not possible. More detailed recommendations are available in the Guidelines for the treatment of malaria (second edition).

ANTIMALARIAL DRUG RESISTANCEResistance to antimalarial medicines

is a recurring problem. Resistance of P. falciparum to previous generations of medicines, such as chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), became widespread in the 1970s and 1980s, undermining malaria control efforts and reversing gains in child survival.In recent years, parasite resistance to artemisinins has been detected in four countries of the Greater Mekong subregion: Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand and Viet Nam. While there are likely many factors that contribute to the emergence and spread of resistance, the use of oral artemisinins alone, as monotherapy, is thought to be an important driver. When treated with an oral artemisinin-based monotherapy, patients may discontinue treatment prematurely following the rapid disappearance of malaria symptoms. This results in incomplete treatment, and such patients still have persistent parasites in their blood. Without a second drug given as part of a combination (as is provided with an ACT), these resistant parasites survive and can be passed on to a mosquito and then another person.If resistance to artemisinins develops and spreads to other large geographical areas, the public health consequences could be dire, as no alternative antimalarial medicines will be available for at least five years.WHO recommends the routine monitoring of antimalarial drug resistance, and supports countries to strengthen their efforts in this important area of work.More comprehensiverecommendations are available in the WHO Global Plan for Artemisinin Resistance Containment (GPARC), which was released in 2011.

PREVENTIONVector control is the main way to reduce malaria transmission at the community level. It is the only intervention that can reduce malaria transmission from very high levels to close to zero.For individuals, personal protection against mosquito bites represents the first line of defence for malaria prevention.

Two forms of vector control are effective in a wide range of circumstances.Insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs) Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the preferred form of ITNs for public health distribution programmes. WHO recommends coverage for all at-risk persons; and in most settings. The most cost effective way to achieve this is

Early diagnosis and treatment of malaria reduces disease and prevents deaths. It also contributes to reducing malaria transmission.


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through provision of free LLINs, so that everyone sleeps under a LLIN every night. Indoor spraying with residual insecticides.Indoor residual spraying (IRS) with insecticides is a powerful way to rapidly reduce malaria transmission. Its full potential is realized when at least 80% of houses in targeted areas are sprayed. Indoor spraying is effective for 3–6 months, depending on the insecticide used and the type of surface on which it is sprayed. DDT can be effective for 9–12 months in some cases. Longer-lasting forms of existing IRS insecticides, as well as new classes of insecticides for use in IRS programmes, are under development.Antimalarial medicines can also be used to prevent malaria. For travellers, malaria can be prevented through chemoprophylaxis, which suppresses the blood stage of malaria infections, thereby preventing malaria disease. In addition, WHO recommends intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for pregnant women living in high transmission areas, at each scheduled antenatal visit after the first trimester. Similarly, for infants living in high-transmission areas of Africa, 3 doses of intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine is recommended delivered alongside routine vaccinations. In 2012, WHO recommended Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention as an additional malaria prevention strategy for areas of the Sahel sub-Region of Africa. The strategy involves the administration of monthly courses of amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine to all children under 5 years of age during the high transmission season.

INSECTICIDE RESISTANCEMuch of the success to date in controlling malaria is due to vector control. Vector control is highly dependent on the use of pyrethroids, which are the only class of insecticides currently recommended for ITNs or LLINs. In recent years, mosquito resistance to pyrethroids has emerged in many countries.

In some areas, resistance to all four classes of insecticides used for public health has been detected. Fortunately, this resistance has only rarely been associated with decreased efficacy, and LLINs and IRS remain highly effective tools in almost all settings.However, countries in sub-Saharan Africa and India are of significant concern. These countries are characterized by high levels of malaria transmission and widespread

reports of insecticide resistance. The development of new, alternative insecticides is a high priority and several promising products are in the pipeline. Development of new insecticides for use on bed nets is a particular priority.Detection of insecticide resistance should be an essential component of all national malaria control efforts to ensure that the most effective vector control methods are being used. The choice of insecticide for IRS should always be informed by recent, local data on the susceptibility target vectors.

In order to ensure a timely and coordinated global response to the threat of insecticide resistance, WHO has worked with a wide range of stakeholders to develop the Global Plan for Insecticide Resistance

Management in malaria vectors (GPIRM), which was released in May 2012. The GPIRM puts forward a five-pillar strategy calling on the global malaria community to:• plan and implement insecticide

resistance management strategies in malaria-endemic countries;

• ensure proper and timely entomological and resistance monitoring, and effective data management;

• develop new and innovative vector control tools;

• fill gaps in knowledge on mechanisms of insecticide resistance and the impact of current insecticide resistance management approaches; and

• ensure that enabling mechanisms (advocacy as well as human and financial resources) are in place.


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CALL 080ENSYSTEXwww.ensystex.co.za™ RODENTHOR is a trademark of Ensystex, Inc. used by licence to Ensystex South Africa.

* Active constituent : 0.05 g/Kg Brodifacoum. One feed is sufficient to kill rats and mice. Although rats and mice will continue to eat the bait after a lethal dose has been eaten, the directions for use are intended to minimise this.


BLOCK RODENTICIDE

A true single feed rodenticide against rats & mice*

Nails or wire may be used to fix blocks to prevent them being removed by rodents. Alternately, baits may be secured in ENSYSTEX Rodent Bait Stations. All Ensystex Stations have totally secure locking mechanisms and can be personalised with your company name and phone number.


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This highly palatable extruded block is irresistible to mice and rats

Economical 15 g block size allows more placements,

reduces wastage and provides for more effective

control of rats and mice

Ready to use block bait is suitable for use in damp or

dry situations in and around industrial, commercial, public

services, agricultural and domestic buildings

Contains brodifacoum, the most potent second

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4 Easy ways to have a better day at work By Catherine Iste

As HR professionals, my peers and I are constantly bombarded by negative things at work. A typical day in HR

can include employees complaining about each other, their pay or problems with their benefits.

Few people go to HR because they are happy about how things are going at work. Worse, if you are sent to HR, it is like being sent to the principal’s office in high school.

Despite that, the best HR people are able to handle the constant stream of issues, enjoy their work and come back motivated the next day. What I have found, and what you have likely read before, is that it is all about attitude.

But how do you change your attitude when you are in the midst of a bad day?

Here are four simple things I have learned from my peers and my practice that you can do right now to put your day on a better track. Best of all, they cost nothing and you can do them immediately.

1. SMILE It is physically easier to smile than frown. Even if you are not happy, your mood will improve just by smiling. But before you head over to YouTube or the latest Dilbert, stop. Research shows you don’t need to do anything but form the smile on your face and your mood will improve. Try smiling; eventually your mood will catch up with your face.

2. NOTE YOUR ACCOMPLISHMENTS Stop and answer this question: “If I just had five extra minutes, what one thing could I do today that would make me feel like I accomplished something?” In other words, when you are headed home tonight, how would you finish this sentence: “Well, it was a rough day but at least I got (that one thing) done.” Whether it is make a dentist appointment, leave five minutes early or move a project forward one step: do it. And then, at the end of your day, remind yourself you accomplished it. The act of deciding on something, doing it and then reflecting on the success reinforces a sense of accomplishment that can help turn

days that feel wasted into a thing of the past.

3. MAKE A LIST But not a list of all the things you have to do (unless that was your item in No. 2). For example, make a list of the people you work with regularly and write one thing you like about them next to their name. Forcing your brain to think positively and to look at the people around you in (what is likely) a different way can help change your perspective on your office and the people in it that may be the source of some of your bad days. 4. GIVE SOMEONE A COMPLIMENT Similar to No. 3, vocalizing a genuine compliment to someone, particularly when you are not feeling that great yourself can actually improve your mood. The act of thinking about the person in a positive way and then saying it aloud may also help improve their mood as well. If moods are contagious, this can have a great impact. So stop making things complicated, pick just one of the above, do it now and you will be on your way to a better day at work.


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• Including it on your website as a means of establishing your company’s credibility

• Using a print version as a sales tool at trade shows or in mailings to prospects

• Providing it to lenders to help secure financing

• Adding it to your media kit and including it with press releases to give the media background information about your company

• Using it as a recruiting tool to promote your company to job candidates

What should be included in your company profile?As a guideline, shoot for a company profile of approximately 250 to 400 words in length covering each of the following key areas:

Summarize your company’s background information:Use the first paragraph of your company profile to summarize your company’s background information. Include in the first paragraph the year the business was founded, where the business is located, a top-level description of the products or services your company provides, a top level description of the clients and industries you serve, and the geography you serve. Also include details about your company’s philosophy and approach to serving customers. Finally, be sure to

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How to develop a Effective Company Profile – and Why By Ann Hackett - Quest

What is a company profile?A company profile is essentially a resume for your company that you use to establish your credibility with the market you serve. Your company profile helps potential customers to understand your business as well as to understand your company’s approach, unique strengths, and relevant experience. Your company profile demonstrates your company’s ability to effectively meet customer needs. Your company profile also helps others who are in contact with you such as lenders, the media, and job candidates to better understand your business.

Who would benefit from having a company profile?A company profile would benefit any company wanting to establish its credibility including:• A Consulting firm where it’s critical

for the company to establish the basis for its expertise

• A service provider with a service that can’t be evaluated before the sale where the prospect assesses the company’s ability to provide the service based on its assessment of the company itself

• A company that lacks a recognized name in the market it serves

How can a company profile be used?There are many ways to use a company profile such as:

mention achievements that quickly help to establish your company’s credibility such as awards, the number of clients you have served, or the size of your business.

Provide more detail on your company’s products or servicesUse the second paragraph of your company profile to list the products or services your company provides. Use this paragraph to touch on the expertise and experience your company has that enables you to meet customers’ needs in these areas. You can also use this second paragraph to further define your target customer for the products or services you provide.

Highlight your company’s strengths and successesUse the third paragraph of your company profile to highlight your company’s unique strengths as well as key successes your company had. To develop this paragraph, take the time to list the top 3 competitive advantages you feel your company has over businesses in your market space. Weave these competitive advantages into this paragraph of your profile. Next, list the top 3 successes your company has had and incorporate these successes into your company profile.

Include qualifications of your company and your staffUse the next paragraph of your company profile to demonstrate your company’s qualifications by emphasizing areas such as patents, publications, business partnerships and alliances, tools or technologies used to meet customer needs, accreditations, certifications or the educational background of staff members.

Summarize your selling statementUse the final paragraph of your company profile to provide a 1 or 2 sentences closing selling statement that explains why a client should work with your company.

Close with company contact informationAfter the final paragraph of our company profile, provide your company’s contact information including the mailing address, phone number, fax number, e-mail address and website URL.

Whether your use internal resources to create your company profile or work with an outside resource, your business will benefit from having a company profile to establish your company’s credibility with prospects, lenders, the media and job candidates.

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STORM® : Reg. No. L5204 (Act No.36 of 1947) contains ocoumafen (anticoagulant) 0,05g/kg Harmful. Use only as directed on the label.Registered by BASF SA (Pty) Ltd., Co. Reg. No. 1966/10235/07, P.O. Box 2801, Halfway House, 1685. Tel. 011 203 2400. ® is the registered trademark of BASF SE, Germany.

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PESTNEWS SUD S U A T F HAF IK R I C ANS E AN P E S TCON R ... · to cause harm to health. The amount needed to cause harm depends on the chemical. Like other chemicals, some pesticides