PesticidesPesticides• Any substance or mixture of substances

designed to prevent, destroy, repel, or limit pests–Weeds

– Insects

– Diseases

– Plant damaging organisms

Chemicals Controls in HorticultureChemicals Controls in Horticulture

• Types of Chemical Controls– Classified by the type of pest they combat

– Insecticides: Insects

– Herbicides: Weeds

– Nematicides: Nematodes

– Bactericides: Bacteria

– Fungicide: Fungi

How Chemical Controls WorkHow Chemical Controls WorkChemical Type How it worksStomach Poison from whatever part of plant

the insect eats

Contact Comes in contact with insects skin

Systemic Poison found in the plant’s system, kills insect when it ingests plant

Fumigants Gas poisons that enter insect’s respiratory system

Types of Chemical Control Applications

May require surfactant to help ensure chemical controls reach desired pests

Types of Pesticide ExposureTypes of Pesticide Exposure

• Oral Exposure: Poison enters through the mouth

• Dermal Exposure: Poison touches skin and absorbed into body

• Inhalation Exposure: Breathing in particles or fumes

Pesticide LabelsPesticide Labels

• Required by the Environmental Protection Agency

• Certain information about the product is required:– Name

– Producer/Manufacturer

– Use

– Signal Word

– Contents

Chemical Storage and Hazard DisposalChemical Storage and Hazard Disposal

• Even after using, pesticides can be dangerous

• Reduces risk to humans and environment–Well-ventilated

– Dry

– Away from extreme temperatures

– Away from children, animals, and water supplies

Chemical Spray EquipmentChemical Spray Equipment

Hazardous Materials ClassificationHazardous Materials Classification