Revision Material For Scenario Questions 2011 (Rachel)

Tips for Revision

The Scenario

St Damian’ s science college 1JMS 2011

The Case Study

15 year old Rachel has many different roles in sport both within the local comprehensive school that she attends and also within the community.

Rachel is a player / performer in 3 sports football, swimming and cross country. Rachel competes in football and swimming for her school, county and club. Her mother coaches at the swimming club which Rachel has attended for 9 years. Rachel trains with the club 4 times a week. Rachel plays a midfield position in football and has recently started training and competing with a new local club which she attends with a group of friends. Rachel also competes in cross country for her school and county.

Rachel is an organiser and leader in sports through her role as sports captain and a young Ambassador. She promotes participation in sports within her school by assisting with the organisation of competitions for younger students and helping with lunchtime physical activities.

Rachel is also interested in studying sport. She is taking GCSE PE and has a specific interest in sports technology.

Glossary of key terms

Prefect A student given a position of authority over the other students to assist with the monitoring of behaviour and running school activities.

Sports Captain leader of a group or team of players / performers

Physical Education Teaching and practice of sport and physical activity.

Sports Technology The study and knowledge of scientific inventions used in sport.

Young Ambassador A young person nominated by their school and trained by the youth sports trust to promote sports participation and the Olympic and Paralympic values.

Midfield Position in football and other sports such as hockey which stand between the attack and the defence. Midfield positions require skill at attacking and defending and higher levels of endurance than other positions.

Coach A person with specialist knowledge of a sport who train an athlete or groups of athletes to develop fitness and technique.

Sports Competitions An organised event or series of events where individuals or teams compete against each other to determine a winner.

Topics You May want to consider revising for the scenario questions

1) Roles in Physical Activity and sport

Role Characteristics Skills required Who has this role?

Player / performer

Participating or competing in an activity to develop performance

Physical fitness, sports specific skills e.g. back stroke

Rachel plays football and participates in cross country and swimming

Organising Enabling opportunities for participation

Arranging facilities, equipment and officials.Making sure participants turn up on time

Rachel organises sports completions’ for other students

St Damian’ s science college 2JMS 2011

Leader / Coach Role mode, good communication skills, knowledge of the sport and able to plan a training session

Rachel helps to run lunchtime sports clubs and is a young ambassador.

Rachel’s mum is a swimming coach

Chorographer Creative, good sense of rhythm, knowledge of dance

Official Knowledge of rules and regulations, good communication, able to maintain authority

2) Types of Physical Activity

Games Football

Athletics

Swimming and cross country

Other types activities

St Damian’ s science college 3JMS 2011

3) Individual differences affecting performance Age

Rachel is 15 and therefore will compete against others in the same age group at school and with her category of under 16’s out of school

Gender

Rachel has the opportunity to play football in and out of school. (this is no longer a male sport)

Rachel will compete against other girls in football, swimming and cross country.(as males are stronger and faster than females)

4) Body type

Rachel is likely to be a combination of ectomorph and mesomorph. Ectomorphs are more suited to long distance running and swimming. A mesomorph is more suited to team sports and short intense exercises such as sprint swimming.

5) Environment

Lightweight, short sleeved clothing would be appropriate for Rachel to wear in warm or hot weather.

Rachel is able to participate in swimming and football due to local availability of a swimming pool and football pitch.

6) Resources (Money, transport etc.)

Rachel participates in football and swimming which are likely to require subscription fees and match / competition fees.

Rachel’s mother is a swimming coach and therefore will attend training sessions with her.

7) Activity levels

Rachel is very active and therefore will participate in training sessions of a high intensity.

8) Demands on performance

St Damian’ s science college 4JMS 2011

Rachel also has other pressures from her family as her mother is her swimming coach.

Think about arousal when competing anxiety Boredom as she trains so much Positive and negative feedback Confidence and self esteem Positive reinforcements

9) Injury

Look at

Importance of warm ups and cool downs Protective clothing Correct technique Equipment and facilities (are they safe?) Competing against same gender and age Playing the rules Sporting etiquette

10) Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercises

Rachel is a swimmer and cross country runner so will be using aerobic respiration.

Rachel plays football so she will use a combination of aerobic (to sustain 90 mins) and anaerobic (during sudden burst of intense work).

Think about

Lactic acid Oxygen debt

St Damian’ s science college 5JMS 2011

Transportation of blood, oxygen, carbon dioxide Breathing rate Heart rate Sweating, heat, waste products

11) Leisure and Recreation

Rachel competes in swimming, football and cross country in her free time

Recreation activities are mainly for enjoyment purposes.

12) Health and fitness

Definition

The ability of the body to exercise over long periods

Ability of the muscles to carry out continuous movements over a long period of time

Ability to carry out movements or over a distance in a short period of time.

Ability of muscles to exert strength at speed.

An ability to control skills requiring 2 or more body parts and to perform the actions at the same time.

Sports

Rachel requires cardiovascular for football, swimming and cross country e.g. to play a full 90 mins

Rachel requires muscular endurance for swimming and cross country.

Rachel requires speed for football e.g. to dribble to ball past a defender, and swimming.

Rachel requires power for football e.g. to throw in a long ball. She also requires power to dive in at the start in swimming.

Rachel requires foot – eye coordination to kick the ball in football.

St Damian’ s science college 6JMS 2011

Ability to change direction quickly.

Ability to respond to a stimulus.

Rachel require agility in football to get past a defender quickly.

Rachel requires good reaction time in football to make a good clean tackle. She also requires this in swimming and cross country to respond to the starting gun.

13) Muscles

Rachel requires the quadriceps, hamstrings, gluteal and gastrocnemius to run.

Know how they work in pairs (antagonist pairs, contraction and relaxion) And know that Rachel’s needs good muscular endurance.

14)Training

Continuous Training Know the Advantages and disadvantagesRachel would be suited to continuous training for cross country and swimming as its similar to competitions. It would also improve cardiovascular endurance for football.

Interval trainingKnow advantages and disadvantagesRachel would use this training session for football and to improve cardiovascular training for swimming.

Fartlek TrainingKnow advantages and disadvantagesRachel could do this to develop appropriate fitness for football.

Circuit TrainingKnow advantages and disadvantagesRachel could use this for cardiovascular endurance and sport specific skills for football

15) Principles of Training

Learn

SPORT (specific, progression, overload, Reversibility and Type)

FIT (frequency, intensity and time)

Rachel and her coaches can use this to plan an appropriate training programme for her think in terms of swimming, football and cross county.

St Damian’ s science college 7JMS 2011

16) The Training year

Think about

Pre season Peak season Post season

What would Rachel be training on?

17) Diet

Rachel needs a balance diet

Learn about

Carbohydrates Proteins Fats Fibre Vitamins and minerals Water Carbohydrate overload Diets after competitions Diets during competitions

18) Opportunities for participation through school

Learn

PESSYP Youth sports trust and young ambassadors GCSE PE Other qualifications Healthy schools programme jobs in sport types of completions’

19) Social Pressure and support

Learn

Peers Family influences Gender issues

20) Sports Technology

St Damian’ s science college 8JMS 2011

Know how technology has advanced and be able to give examples for football, swimming and cross country e.g. touch pads swimming, trackers for cross country, electric score boards football.

Also consider science and ICT

21) Media and sponsorship

Know how these influence sport today. Know the positives and negatives Be able to give examples for swimming, cross country and football

22) International events

Rachel is a young Ambassador and this is to promote the London 2012 Olympic games

Know the advantages and disadvantages of hosting the Olympic games

Example Exam Questions – Scenario

St Damian’ s science college 9JMS 2011

1) What type of activity is cross country? 1 mark2) Explain how other people have influenced Rachel’s participation in sport. 3

marks3) Describe a suitable training method for Rachel to use in swimming sessions. 1

mark4) State and explain the precautions that Rachel should take before during and after

a football match to prevent injury to herself and others. 7 marks5) Rachel is interested in sports technology. Explain the use of technology in sport.

(Tip give examples here e.g. video refs in rugby) 5 marks6) Rachel eats a balanced diet as part of a healthy, active lifestyle. Explain the

components of a balanced diet that Rachel would need to consider. (Tip thinks about carbohydrates, proteins, fats, fibres, water and calcium) 8 marks

7) Describe the components of fitness that Rachel requires to play midfield in football. Explain your choices. (Tip think about speed, cardiovascular endurance, co-ordination etc.) 8 marks

8) State and explain the type of role that Rachel has in sport. (Tip think about her as a player/performer, organiser and leader) 7 marks

9) Discuss how the media might influence Rachel’s participation in sport. 5 marks10) Explain the advantages and the disadvantages of hosting the Olympic games . 6

marks11) Explain the principles of training Rachel’s swimming coach should use to prepare

a safe and effective training regime for Rachel. 7 marks12) What type of training could Rachel use to improve her fitness for football and

why are these appropriate? 4 marks13) Explain how individual differences might affect the type of physical activity that a

person chooses to participate in. 6 marks14) What roles does Rachel have in sport and what skills does she require to succeed

in these roles? 7 marks

St Damian’ s science college 10JMS 2011