Peruvian Education History

• Official Name: Republic of Peru

• Capital: Lima

• Official language: Spanish

• Population: 29,498,000 (Census 2010)

• Currency: Nuevo Sol

Incan Education (1200 to 1500 AD)

• Exclusively for the royal elite, and later for the sons of conquered chiefs, to become administrators and leaders. • The teachers were Amautas, men well-

versed in philosophy and morality. • Education last for four years.• The curriculum was based in

mathematics, astronomy, language, religion, and history

QUIPUS were a set of cords made of wool, colorful, of different sizes, and with different knots. They were used for statistics, math, for keeping historical records, and for filing ideas.

Viceroyalty Education (1500 to 1821 AD)

• Transplant of the Spanish Culture to Peru.• Handled by the church through their

religious orders (Dominic, Jesuits). • Accessible only to those of the aristocratic

class, “Mestizos”, and some wealthy merchants. Natives did not access.• Courses were Latin, philosophy, and

theology.•Women were not allowed to study.

• In 1551 San Marcos University is founded in Lima, the first university of the American Continents.

• First curriculum: Theology

& Arts. After: Law & Medicine.

2012 San Marcos University now (one of the multiple buildings)

Republican Education (1821 to 2012)

• 1828: Free elementary school for every Peruvian.• 1850: Education is divided in public & private.• Women begin to study to prepare for becoming

good mothers and wives. • 1905: Number of schools, students, and

teachers begin to explode.• 1908: Numbers were duplicate in only three

years!• 1968, 1985, 1990: Laws of Education Reform

enacted.

ACTUAL CURRICULUMEarly education• Begins from age three to five, the child controls his or her own

learning with the assistance of internal (parents) and external (educators) agents.

Primary School• Begins at six years of age. This level begins at first grade, and

ends with sixth grade and is divided, for curricular purposes, into three cycles: cycle one (first and second grade), cycle two (third and fourth grade), and cycle three (fifth and sixth grade). Parents decide to send their children to public or private school.

Secondary School• Secondary school consists of five years

Higher education• Consists of technological colleges, both public and private. They

offer courses lasting three years (3,000 hours of study), graduating with a title as Technical Professionals. Some courses may be four years in length (4,000 hours of study), and a student would graduate with the title of Professional.

University education• Bachelor degree lasts a minimum of 5 years; Masters requires a

minimum of 60 units and thesis; Doctoral and Post-Doctoral are offered.