HPAS 2010Human Performance at Sea

Personnel physical activity levels on naval vessels

Evidence for soporific and fatigue effects?

LCDR P. Matsangas, HNLT J. Johnston, USN

M.E. McCauleyN.L. Miller

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HPAS 2010Human Performance at Sea

Human Performance at Sea Introduction Johnston (2009)

Time underway process Motion induced fatigue (?) Sopite syndrome (?)

Actigraphy

Scope Ship’s motion vs personnel physical activity under

provoking motions

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Human Performance at Sea Methodology I Retrospective analysis

HSV-2 SWIFT FSF-1 Sea Fighter

Activity assessment tools Wrist activity monitors (WAMs) -

actiwatches Sleep diaries

Motion detection Wave height measuring system

(FSF-1) WAM (HSV-2)

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Human Performance at Sea Methodology II

Parameter

Description

i Day underway

J Participant

Activity(1,j)

mean activity of participant j during day 1

Activity(i,j)

Mean daily activity level of participant j during underway day I

Activity%(i,j)

Mean daily percentage-wise activity level of participant j during underway day I

n Number of participants

Activity%(i)

Mean daily activity level during underway day I

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(1) (2)

Physical activity issues

Inter-subject variability

Baseline value

Human Performance at Sea

Data setsHSV-2

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Main characteristics Missions: ASW-SUW-

MIW Length: 319 ft Full Load: 1800 tn Speed: >40 kts Core Crew: 40 Mission modules crew:

25 Range: 4300 nm at 30-

35 kts

Participants (Crew): 19 Male: Eighteen (95%) Female: One (5%)

Data collection period 10th – 23rd May 2004 Transatlantic transiting from

Norway to Norfolk Sea State

Mid state 4 to state 5

Human Performance at Sea

Data setsFSF-1

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Main characteristics Missions: ASW-SUW-

MIW Length: 262 ft Full load: 1670 tn Speed: 50 kts Crew: 26 Range: 4400 nm

Participants : 24 Civilians Military Contracted crew members

Data collection period 14th – 20th March 2007 Transiting from San Diego

to Panama Canal Zone Sea State

3 to 5

Human Performance at Sea

ResultsHSV-2 Swift

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0.000.25

0.500.751.00

1.25

Mea

n da

ily a

ctiv

ity [%

]

02

468

10

SW

H (

ft)

01

234

5

Sea

Sta

te

010

203040

50

SM

A-3

0

05/1

1/20

04

05/1

2/20

04

05/1

3/20

04

05/1

4/20

04

05/1

5/20

04

05/1

6/20

04

05/1

7/20

04

05/1

8/20

04

05/1

9/20

04

05/2

0/20

04

05/2

1/20

04

05/2

2/20

04

Date

Activity and motion vs time on HSV-2 SWIFT

Mean daily activity level vs induced motion

% = 1.24 - 0.08*Log SMA-30Activity

Human Performance at Sea

ResultsFSF-1 Sea Fighter

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0.0

0.20.4

0.60.8

1.0

Mea

n da

ily a

ctiv

ity [%

]

0

2

4

6

8

SW

H (

ft)

0

12

34

5

Sea

Sta

te

03/1

4/20

07

03/1

5/20

07

03/1

6/20

07

03/1

7/20

07

03/1

8/20

07

03/1

9/20

07

03/2

0/20

07

Date

Activity and motion vs time on FSF-1

0.7

0.75

0.8

0.85

0.9

0.95

1

1.05

Mean d

aily

activ

ity [%

]

4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5

SWH (ft)

Mean daily activity level vs induced motion

% = 1.33 - 0.26*Log SWHActivity

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

Sta

ndar

d D

evia

tion

of

daily

act

ivity

[%]

4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5

SWH (ft)

Standard deviation of daily activity level vs induced motion

Human Performance at Sea Discussion

Factors HSV-2 [a] FSF-1 [b] FSF-1 [c]

Sleep deprivation NA

Motion induced fatigue

Motion sickness/ Sopite syndrome

Biodynamic interference

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Factors probably involved in personnel decreased activity (a tickmark denotes a possible effect)

WAMs to measure motion

StressorsOccupational

Assigned duties and activities, timing of tasks, etc

Non-occupationalEnvironmentalPsychological

Systematic trends (identified)TimeMotion

[a] McCauley, M. E., Matsangas, P., & Miller, N. L. (2005). Motion and fatigue study in High Speed Vessel operations: Phase 1 report. Monterey, CA: Naval Postgraduate School.[b] McCauley, M. E., Pierce, E. C., Matsangas, P., Price, B., LaBreque, J., & Blankenship, J. (2007). Vessel Motion Effects on Human Performance aboard the FSF-1 Sea Fighter (Technical Report). Monterey, California, USA: Naval Postgraduate School and NSWC PC[c] Johnston, J. M. (2009). An Activity-Based Non-Linear Regression Model of Sopite Syndrome and its Effects on Crew Performance in High-Speed Vessel Operations. Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA.

Human Performance at Sea Conclusions Physical activity decrement

Time (days underway) (Johnston (2009)

Motion (provoking)

Future work More data – More analysis Verify time / motion processes

Increase external validity Identify

Other factors/processes Interactions

Develop model Understand what we found!!!

09/04/2310

36% - 41%