Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Periodic Table Study Guide
Determining Shells and Valence Electrons
Periods •Each row is called a “period”
1st Period = 1 Shell
2nd Period = 2 Shells3rd Period = 3 Shells
4th Period = 4 Shells
•The elements in each period have the same number of shells
www.chem4kids.com
Groups
•Each column is called a “group”
•Each element in a group has the same number of electrons in their outer orbital, also known as “shells”.
Group 1 = 1 electron
Group 2 = 2 electrons
Group 8 = 8 electrons
Except for He, it has 2 electrons
•The electrons in the outer shell are called “valence electrons”
www.chem4kids.com
3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Transition Metals•Transition Metals have slightly different rules for shells and valence electrons.
•This is something you will learn about in High School Chemistry.
www.chem4kids.com
Determine the number of shells and the number of valence electrons for:
Carbon - C2nd Period = 2 shells
4th Group = 4 valence electrons
www.chem4kids.com
Determine the number of shells and the number of valence electrons for:
Sodium - Na3rd Period = 3 shells
1st Group = 1 valence electron
www.chem4kids.com
Write your answers on your handout.
NeName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
Ne
8th Group = 8 valence electrons
2nd Period = 2 shellsNeonName the element.
Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
HName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
H
1st Group = 1 valence electron
1st Period = 1 shellHydrogenName the element.
Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
BeName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
Be
2nd Group = 2 valence electrons
2nd Period = 2 shellsBerylliumName the element.
Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
SName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
S
6th Group = 6 valence electrons
3rd Period = 3 shellsSulfurName the element.
Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
KName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
K
1st Group = 1 valence electron
4th Period = 4 shellsPotassiumName the element.
Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
HeName the element. Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
Write your answers on your handout.
He
8th Group = 2 valence electrons
1st Period = 1 shellHeliumName the element.
Number of shells ?Valence electrons ?
• Helium is the exception in Group 8.
• Since it has just one shell, that shell can only fit 2 electrons instead of 8.
• It is in this group because all the elements have a full outer shell.
Be sure to have all your answers on the
worksheet.
End of Study Guide
