Periodic Table of the Elements

PeriodicTablePeriodic Table of the ElementsGROUP 1IA18VIIIAPeriod111.00794Atomic Number11.00794Atomic Weight24.0026021H2S1/2SymbolH2S1/2Ground-State LevelHe1S02.22.2*Electronegativity (Pauling)-HydrogenNameHydrogenM. K. MISTRYHelium0.089913.59842IIA*Density [Note]0.089913.5984Ionization Energy (eV)13IIIA14IVA15VA16VIA17VIIA0.178524.5874-259.14-252.87*Melting Point (C)-259.14-252.87*Boiling Point (C)--268.93(v) 37-Atomic radius (pm)[Note](v) 37FCCCrystal Structure [Note](v) 32-1s11s1Electron Configuration1s2+1,-1+1,-1Possible Oxidation States [Note]0236.94149.012182510.811612.0107714.0067815.9994918.99840321020.17972Li2S1/2Be1S0Phase at STPCommon ConstantsSource: physics.nist.govB2P1/2C3P0N4S3/2O3P2F2P3/2Ne1S00.981.57GasLiquidSolidSyntheticAbsolute Zero-273.15 CGravitation ConstantG6.67428x10-11 m3 kg-1 s-22.042.553.043.443.98-LithiumBerylliumAtomic Mass Unitmu1.660539x10-27 kgMolar Gas ConstantR8.314472 J mol-1 K-1BoronCarbonNitrogenOxygenFluorineNeon0.5355.39171.8489.3227CategoriesAvogadro Constant6.022142x1023 mol-1Molar Volume (Ideal Gas)0.02241410 m3/mol2.468.29802.2611.26031.25114.53411.42913.61811.69617.42280.921.5645180.54134212872470Alkali MetalsNoble GasBase of Natural Logarithmse2.718281828PIp3.141592653589792075400035504027-210.1-195.79-218.3-182.9-219.6-188.12-248.59-246.08(m) 152BCC(m) 112HCPBoltzmann constantk1.380650x10-23 J/KPlanck Constanth6.626069x10-34 J s(v) 82rhom.(v) 77hex(v) 75-(v) 73-(v) 71-(v) 69-[He] 2s1[He] 2s2Alkaline Earth MetalsHalogensElectron Massme9.10938215x10-31 kgProton-Electron Mass Ratiome/mp1836.15267247[He] 2s22p1[He] 2s22p2[He] 2s22p3[He] 2s22p4[He] 2s22p5[He] 2s22p6+1+2mec20.5110 MeVRydberg ConstantR10 973 732 m-1+3+2,4,-4+2,3,4,5,-2,-3-2-1031122.9897701224.3050Transition MetalsNon MetalsElectron Radius (Classical)r02.8179403x10-15 mRc3.289842x1015 Hz1326.9815381428.08551530.973611632.0651735.4531839.9483Na2S1/2Mg1S0Electron VolteV1.602176x10-19 JRhc13.6057 eVAl2P1/2Si3P0P4S3/2S3P2Cl2P3/2Ar1S00.931.31Rare Earth MetalsElementry Chargee1.602176x10-19 CSecond Radiation Constantch/k0.01438769 m K1.611.902.192.583.16-SodiumMagnesiumFaraday ConstantF96 485.3399 C/molSpeed of Light in a Vacuumc299 792 458 m/sAluminumSiliconPhosphorusSulfurChlorineArgon0.9685.13911.7387.6462Poor MetalsMetalloidsfine-structure constanta0.0072973525Speed of sound in air at STP343.2 m/s2.75.98582.338.15171.82310.48671.9610.36003.21412.96761.78415.759697.728836501090[42]First Radiation Constant2phc23.7417749x10-16 W m2Standard Pressure101 325 Pa{42}660.3225191414290044.2280.5115.21444.72-101.5-34.04-189.3-185.8(m) 186BCC(m) 160HCP3IIIB4IVB5VB6VIB7VIIB8VIII9VIII10VIII11IB12IIB(m) 143FCC(v) 111cubic(v) 106(v) 102FCO(v) 99-(v) 97-[Ne] 3s1[Ne] 3s2[Ne] 3s23p1[Ne] 3s23p2[Ne] 3s23p3[Ne] 3s23p4[Ne] 3s23p5[Ne] 3s23p6+1+2+3+2,4,-4+3,4,5,-3+2,4,6,-2+1,3,5,7,-1041939.09832040.0782144.9559102247.8672350.94152451.99612554.9380492655.8452758.9332002858.69342963.5463065.4093169.7233272.643374.921603478.963579.9043683.7984K2S1/2Ca1S0Sc2D3/2Ti3F2V4F3/2Cr7S3Mn6S5/2Fe5D4Co4F9/2Ni3F4Cu2S1/2Zn1S0Ga2P1/2Ge3P0As4S3/2Se3P2Br2P3/2Kr1S00.821.001.361.541.631.661.551.831.881.911.901.651.812.012.182.552.963PotassiumCalciumScandiumTitaniumVanadiumChromiumManganeseIronCobaltNickelCopperZincGalliumGermaniumArsenicSeleniumBromineKrypton0.8564.34071.556.11322.9856.56154.5076.82816.116.74627.146.76657.477.43407.8747.90248.97.88108.9087.63988.927.72647.149.39425.9045.99935.3237.89945.7279.78864.8199.75243.1211.81383.7513.999663.38759842148415412830166832871910340719072671124620611538286114952927145529131084.622927419.5390729.762204938.32820817614221685-7.359-157.36-153.22(m) 227BCC(m) 197FCC(m) 162HCP(m) 147HCP(m) 134BCC(m) 128BCC(m) 127cubic(m) 126BCC(m) 125HCP(m) 124FCC(m) 128FCC(m) 134hex(m) 135BCO(v) 122cubic(v) 119rhom.(v) 116hex(v) 114BCO(v) 110-[Ar] 4s1[Ar] 4s2[Ar] 3d1 4s2[Ar] 3d24s2[Ar] 3d34s2[Ar] 3d54s1[Ar] 3d54s2[Ar] 3d64s2[Ar] 3d74s2[Ar] 3d84s2[Ar] 3d104s1[Ar] 3d104s2[Ar] 3d104s24p1[Ar] 3d104s24p2[Ar] 3d104s24p3[Ar] 3d104s24p4[Ar] 3d104s24p5[Ar] 3d104s24p6+1+2+3+2,3,4+2,3,4,5+2,3,6+2,3,4,6,7+2,3+2,3+2,3+1,2+2+3+2,4+3,5,-3+2,4,6,-2+1,5,-1053785.46783887.623988.905854091.2244192.906384295.9443(98)44101.0745102.9055046106.4247107.868248112.41149114.81850118.71051121.76052127.6053126.9044754131.2935Rb2S1/2Sr1S0Y2D3/2Zr3F2Nb6D1/2Mo7S3Tc6S5/2Ru5F5Rh4F9/2Pd1S0Ag2S1/2Cd1S0In2P1/2Sn3P0Sb4S3/2Te3P2I2P3/2Xe1S00.820.951.221.331.602.161.92.202.282.201.931.691.781.962.052.102.662.60RubidiumStrontiumYttriumZirconiumNiobiumMolybdenumTechnetiumRutheniumRhodiumPalladiumSilverCadmiumIndiumTinAntimonyTelluriumIodineXenon1.5324.17712.635.69494.4726.21736.5116.63398.576.758910.287.092411.57.2812.377.360512.457.458912.0238.336910.497.57628.658.99387.315.78647.317.34396.6978.60846.249.00964.9410.45135.912.129839.316887771382152633451855440924774744262346392157426523344150196436951554.92963961.782162321.07767156.62072231.932602630.631587449.51988113.7184.3-111.8-108(m) 248BCC(m) 215FCC(m) 180HCP(m) 160HCP(m) 146BCC(m) 139BCC(m) 136HCP(m) 134HCP(m) 134FCC(m) 137FCC(m) 144FCC(m) 151hex(m) 167tetra.(v) 141tetra.(v) 138rhom.(v) 135hex(v) 133BCO(v) 130-[Kr] 5s1[Kr] 5s2[Kr] 4d15s2[Kr] 4d25s2[Kr] 4d45s1[Kr] 4d55s1[Kr] 4d55s2[Kr] 4d75s1[Kr] 4d85s1[Kr] 4d10[Kr] 4d105s1[Kr] 4d105s2[Kr] 4d105s25p1[Kr] 4d105s25p2[Kr] 4d105s25p3[Kr] 4d105s25p4[Kr] 4d105s25p5[Kr] 4d105s25p6+1+2+3+4+3,5+2,3,4,5,6+4,7+2,3,4,6,8+2,3,4+2,4+1+2+3+2,4+3,5,-3+2,4,6,-2+1,5,7,-10655132.9054556137.327Lanthanide Series72178.4973180.947974183.8475186.20776190.2377192.21778195.07879196.9665580200.5981204.383382207.283208.9803884(209)85(210)86(222)6Cs2S1/2Ba1S0Hf3F2Ta4F3/2W5D0Re6S5/2Os5D4Ir4F9/2Pt3D3Au2S1/2Hg1S0Tl2P1/2Pb3P0Bi4S3/2Po3P2At2P3/2Rn1S00.790.891.31.52.361.92.22.22.282.5421.622.332.022.02.2-CesiumBariumHafniumTantalumTungstenRheniumOsmiumIridiumPlatinumGoldMercuryThalliumLeadBismuthPoloniumAstatineRadon1.8793.89393.515.211713.316.825116.657.549619.257.864021.027.833522.618.438222.658.967021.098.958819.39.225513.53410.437511.856.108211.347.41679.787.28559.1968.414--9.7310.748528.4467172718702233460330175458342255553186559630335012246644281768.338251064.182856-38.83356.733041473327.461749271.31564254962302--71-61.7(m) 265BCC(m) 222BCC(m) 159HCP(m) 146BCC(m) 139BCC(m) 137HCP(m) 135HCP(m) 136FCC(m) 139FCC(m) 144FCC(m) 151rhom.(m) 170HCP(m) 175FCC(v) 146rhom.-cubic--(v) 145-[Xe] 6s1[Xe] 6s2[Xe] 4f145d26s2[Xe] 4f145d36s2[Xe] 4f145d46s2[Xe] 4f145d56s2[Xe] 4f145d66s2[Xe] 4f145d76s2[Xe] 4f145d96s1[Xe] 4f145d106s1[Xe] 4f145d106s2[Hg] 6p1[Hg] 6p2[Hg] 6p3[Hg] 6p4[Hg] 6p5[Hg] 6p6+1+2+4+5+2,3,4,5,6+2,4,6,7,-1+2,3,4,6,8+2,3,4,6+2,4+1,3+1,2+1,3+2,4+3,5+2,4+1,3,5,7,-10787(223)88(226)ActinideSeries104(261)105(262)106(266)107(264)108(277)109(268)110(281)111(272)112(285)113114(289)115116(292)1171187Fr2S1/2Ra1S0Rf3F2 ?DbSgBhHsMtDsRgCnUutUuqUupUuhUusUuo0.70.9FranciumRadiumRutherfordiumDubniumSeaborgiumBohriumHassiumMeitneriumDarmstadtiumRoentgeniumCoperniciumUnuntriumUnunquadiumUnunpentiumUnunhexiumUnunseptiumUnunoctium-4.072755.27846.0 ?--7001737---BCC[Rn] 7s1[Rn] 7s2[Rn] 5f146d2 7s2 ?+1+2+4Notes:- Density units are g/cm3 for solids and g/L or kg/cm3 at 0 Celsius for gases- Atomic Weight based on 12C- ( ) indicate mass number of most stable isotope- Common Oxidation States in bold- Electron Config. based on IUPAC guidelines- indicates crystal structure is unusual or may require explanation- (m) Metallic radius, (v) Covalent radiusLanthanides57138.905558140.11659140.9076560144.2461(145)62150.3663151.96464157.2565158.9253466162.50067164.9303268167.25969168.9342170173.0471174.967La2D3/2Ce1G4Pr4I9/2Nd5I4Pm6H5/2Sm7F0Eu8S7/2Gd9D2Tb6H15/2Dy5I8Ho4I15/2Er3H6Tm2F7/2Yb1S0Lu2D3/21.101.121.131.14-1.17-1.20-1.221.231.241.25-1.27LanthanumCeriumPraseodymiumNeodymiumPromethiumSamariumEuropiumGadoliniumTerbiumDysprosiumHolmiumErbiumThuliumYtterbiumLutetium6.1465.57696.6895.53876.645.4737.015.52507.2645.5827.3535.64375.2445.67047.9016.14988.2195.86388.5515.93898.7956.02159.0666.10779.3216.18436.576.25429.8415.42599203464798336093132901021310011003000107218038221527131332501356323014122567147427001497286815451950819119616633402(m) 187hex(m) 182FCC(m) 182hex(m) 181hex(m) 183HCP(m) 180hex(m) 180BCC(m) 180HCP(m) 177HCP(m) 178HCP(m) 176HCP(m) 176HCP(m) 176HCP(m) 176FCC(m) 174HCP[Xe] 5d16s2[Xe] 4f15d16s2[Xe] 4f36s2[Xe] 4f46s2[Xe] 4f56s2[Xe] 4f66s2[Xe] 4f76s2[Xe] 4f75d16s2[Xe] 4f96s2[Xe] 4f106s2[Xe] 4f116s2[Xe] 4f126s2[Xe] 4f136s2[Xe] 4f146s2[Xe] 4f145d16s2+3+3,4+3,4+3+3+2,3+2,3+3+3,4+3+3+3+2,3+2,3+3Actinides89(227)90232.038191231.035992238.028993(237)94(244)95(243)96(247)97(247)98(251)99(252)100(257)101(258)102(259)103(262)References:Ac2D3/2Th3F2Pa4K11/2U5L6Np6L11/2Pu7F0Am8S7/2Cm9D2Bk6H15/2Cf5I8Es4I15/2Fm3H6Md2F7/2No1S0Lr2P1/2 ?Nist.gov, *Wolfram.com (Mathematic),1.11.31.51.381.361.281.31.31.31.31.31.31.31.3-CRC Handbook of Chemistry and PhysicsActiniumThoriumProtactiniumUraniumNeptuniumPlutoniumAmericiumCuriumBerkeliumCaliforniumEinsteiniumFermiumMendeleviumNobeliumLawrencium81st Edition, 2000-2001, and others10.075.1711.7246.306715.375.8919.056.194120.456.265719.8166.0260-5.973813.515.991414.786.197915.16.2817-6.42-6.50-6.58-6.65-4.9 ?105032001750482015724000113539276444000640323011762011134531101050-900-860-1527-827-827-1627--FCC(m) 179FCC(m) 163tetra(m) 156BCP(m) 155SO(m) 159mono.(m) 173HCP(m) 174HCP(m) 170hex-hex----------[Rn] 6d17s2[Rn] 6d27s2[Rn] 5f26d17s2[Rn] 5f36d17s2[Rn] 5f46d17s2[Rn] 5f67s2[Rn] 5f77s2[Rn] 5f76d 7s2[Rn] 5f97s2[Rn] 5f107s2[Rn] 5f117s2[Rn] 5f127s2[Rn] 5f137s2[Rn] 5f147s2[Rn] 5f147s2 7p ?+3+4+4,5+3,4,5,6+3,4,5,6+3,4,5,6+3,4,5,6+3+3,4+3+3+3+2,3+2,3+3

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Data12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637Atomic NumberNameSymbol Atomic WeightAtomic Weight EstimatedAtomic Weight Display Phase at STPTypeGroupGroup 2Period Electron ConfigurationGround-state Level Ionization Energy (eV)* Melting Point (C)* Boiling Point (C)Crystal StructureAtomic Radius (display)Metallic Radius (pm)* Covalent radius (pm)* Atomic Radius (calculated) (pm)* Van der Waals Radius, (pm)* Electro-negativity (Pauling)* Density (g/cm3)* Electron Affinity (kJ/mol)* Thermal Conductivity, W/(m K)* Electrical Resistivity (m)* CAS NumberPossible Oxidation StatesDiscovererDiscovery (Year)1HydrogenH1.007941.00794GasNon Metal1IA11s12S1/213.5984-259.14-252.87hex(v) 3737531202.20.089972.80.18050CAS1333-74-0+1,-1Cavendish, Henry17662HeliumHe4.0026024.002602GasNoble Gas18VIIIA11s21S024.58740-268.93(v) 32323114000.178500.15130CAS7440-59-70Ramsey, Sir William & Cleve, Per Teodor18953LithiumLi6.9416.941SolidAlkali Metal1IA2[He] 2s12S1/25.3917180.541342BCC(m) 1521521341671820.980.53559.6850.000000094CAS7439-93-2+1Arfvedson, Johan August18174BerylliumBe9.0121829.012182SolidAlkaline Earth Metal2IIA2[He] 2s21S09.322712872470HCP(m) 112112901121531.571.84801900.00000004CAS7440-41-7+2Vauquelin, Nicholas Louis17975BoronB10.81110.811SolidMetalloids13IIIA2[He] 2s22p12P1/28.29820754000rhom.(v) 8282871922.042.4626.72710000CAS7440-42-8+3Davy, Sir Humphry & Thnard, Louis-Jaques & Gay-Lussac, Louis-Joseph18086CarbonC12.010712.0107SolidNon Metal14IVA2[He] 2s22p23P011.260335504027hex(v) 7777671702.552.26153.91400.00001CAS7440-44-0+2,4/-4unknownancient7NitrogenN14.006714.0067GasNon Metal15VA2[He] 2s22p34S3/214.5341-210.1-195.79hex(v) 7575561553.041.25170.025830CAS7727-37-9+1,2,3,4,5/-1,2,3Rutherford, Daniel17728OxygenO15.999415.9994GasNon Metal16VIA2[He] 2s22p43P213.6181-218.3-182.9cubic(v) 7373481523.441.4291410.026580CAS7782-44-7-2Priestley, Joseph & Scheele, Carl Wilhelm17749FluorineF18.998403218.9984032GasHalogen17VIIA2[He] 2s22p52P3/217.4228-219.6-188.12cubic(v) 7171421473.981.6963280.02770CAS7782-41-4-1Moissan, Henri188610NeonNe20.179720.1797GasNoble Gas18VIIIA2[He] 2s22p61S021.5645-248.59-246.08FCC(v) 69693815400.900.04910CAS7440-01-90Ramsay, William & Travers, Morris189811SodiumNa22.9897722.98977SolidAlkali Metal1IA3[Ne] 3s12S1/25.139197.72883BCC(m) 1861861541902270.930.96852.81400.000000047CAS7440-23-5+1Davy, Sir Humphry180712MagnesiumMg24.30524.305SolidAlkaline Earth Metal2IIA3[Ne] 3s21S07.64626501090HCP(m) 1601601301451731.311.73801600.000000044CAS7439-95-4+2Black, Joseph175513AluminumAl26.98153826.981538SolidPoor Metal13IIIA3[Ne] 3s23p12P1/25.9858660.322519FCC(m) 1431431181181841.612.742.52350.000000026CAS7429-90-5+3Oersted, Hans Christian182514SiliconSi28.085528.0855SolidMetalloids14IVA3[Ne] 3s23p23P08.151714142900cubic(v) 1111111112101.92.33133.61500.001CAS7440-21-3+2,4/-4Berzelius, Jns Jacob182415PhosphorusP30.9736130.97361SolidNon Metal15VA3[Ne] 3s23p34S3/210.486744.2280.5(v) 106106981802.191.823720.2360.0000001CAS7723-14-0+3,5/-3Brandt, Hennig166916SulfurS32.06532.065SolidNon Metal16VIA3[Ne] 3s23p43P210.36115.21444.72FCO(v) 102102881802.581.962000.2050CAS7704-34-9+4,6/-2unknownancient17ChlorineCl35.45335.453GasHalogen17VIIA3[Ne] 3s23p52P3/212.9676-101.5-34.04BCO(v) 9999791753.163.2143490.00890CAS7782-50-5+1,5,7/-1Scheele, Carl Wilhelm177418ArgonAr39.94839.948GasNoble Gas18VIIIA3[Ne] 3s23p61S015.7596-189.3-185.8FCC(v) 97977118801.78400.017720CAS7440-37-10Ramsay, Sir William & Strutt, John (Lord Rayleigh)189419PotassiumK39.098339.0983SolidAlkali Metal1IA4[Ar] 4s12S1/24.340763.38759BCC(m) 2272271962432750.820.85648.41000.00000007CAS7440-09-7+1Davy, Sir Humphry180720CalciumCa40.07840.078SolidAlkaline Earth Metal2IIA4[Ar] 4s21S06.11328421484FCC(m) 19719717419423111.552.372000.000000034CAS7440-70-2+2Davy, Sir Humphry180821ScandiumSc44.9559144.95591SolidTransition Metal3IIIB4[Ar] 3d14s22D3/26.561515412830HCP(m) 1621621441842111.362.98518.1160.00000055CAS7440-20-2+3Nilson, Lars Fredrik187922TitaniumTi47.86747.867SolidTransition Metal4IVB4[Ar] 3d24s23F26.828116683287HCP(m) 14714713617601.544.5077.6220.0000004CAS7440-32-6+2,3,4Gregor, William179123VanadiumV50.941550.9415SolidTransition Metal5VB4[Ar] 3d34s24F3/26.746219103407BCC(m) 13413412517101.636.1150.6310.0000002CAS7440-62-2+2,3,4,5Del Rio, Andrs Manuel (1801) & Sefstrm, Nils Gabriel (1830)180124ChromiumCr51.996151.9961SolidTransition Metal6VIB4[Ar] 3d54s17S36.766519072671BCC(m) 12812812716601.667.1464.3940.00000013CAS7440-47-3+2,3,6Vauquelin179725ManganeseMn54.93804954.938049SolidTransition Metal7VIIB4[Ar] 3d54s26S5/27.43412462061cubic(m) 12712713916101.557.4707.80.0000016CAS7439-96-5+2,3,4,7Gahn, Johan Gottlieb177426IronFe55.84555.845SolidTransition Metal8VIIIB4[Ar] 3d64s25D47.902415382861BCC(m) 12612612515601.837.87415.7800.000000097CAS7439-89-6+2,3unknownancient27CobaltCo58.933258.9332SolidTransition Metal9VIIIB4[Ar] 3d74s24F9/27.88114952927HCP(m) 12512512615201.888.963.71000.00000006CAS7440-48-4+2,3Brandt, Georg173528NickelNi58.693458.6934SolidTransition Metal10VIIIB4[Ar] 3d84s23F47.639814552913FCC(m) 1241241211491631.918.908112910.00000007CAS7440-02-0+2,3Cronstedt, Alex Fredrik175129CopperCu63.54663.546SolidTransition Metal11IB4[Ar] 3d104s12S1/27.72641084.622927FCC(m) 1281281381451401.98.92118.44000.000000017CAS7440-50-8+1,2unknownancient30ZincZn65.40965.409SolidTransition Metal12IIB4[Ar] 3d104s21S09.3942419.53907hex(m) 1341341311421391.657.1401200.000000059CAS7440-66-6+2unknownancient31GalliumGa69.72369.723SolidPoor Metal13IIIA4[Ar] 3d104s24p12P1/25.999329.762204BCO(m) 1351351261361871.815.90428.9290.00000014CAS7440-55-3+3Lecoq de Boisbaudran, Paul-mile187532GermaniumGe72.6472.64SolidMetalloids14IVA4[Ar] 3d104s24p23P07.8994938.32820cubic(v) 1221221252112.015.323119600.0005CAS7440-56-4+2,4Winkler, Clemens A.188633ArsenicAs74.921674.9216SolidMetalloids15VA4[Ar] 3d104s24p34S3/29.7886817614rhom.(v) 1191191141852.185.72778500.0000003CAS7440-38-2+3,5/-3unknownancient34SeleniumSe78.9678.96SolidNon Metal16VIA4[Ar] 3d104s24p43P29.7524221685hex(v) 1161161031902.554.8191950.520CAS7782-49-2+4,6/-2Berzelius, Jns Jacob181735BromineBr79.90479.904LiquidHalogen17VIIA4[Ar] 3d104s24p52P3/211.8138-7.359BCO(v) 114114941852.963.12324.60.120CAS7726-95-6+1,5/-1Balard, Antoine-Jrme182636KryptonKr83.79883.798GasNoble Gas18VIIIA4[Ar] 3d104s24p61S013.9996-157.36-153.22FCC(v) 1101108820233.7500.009430CAS7439-90-90Ramsay, Sir William & Travers, Morris189837RubidiumRb85.467885.4678SolidAlkali Metal1IA5[Kr] 5s12S1/24.177139.31688BCC(m) 2482482112653030.821.53246.9580.00000012CAS7440-17-7+1Bunsen, Robert Wilhelm & Kirchhoff, Gustav Robert186138StrontiumSr87.6287.62SolidAlkaline Earth Metal2IIA5[Kr] 5s21S05.69497771382FCC(m) 2152151922192490.952.635.03350.00000013CAS7440-24-6+2Crawford, Adair179039YttriumY88.9058588.90585SolidTransition Metal3IIIB5[Kr] 4d15s22D3/26.217315263345HCP(m) 18018016221201.224.47229.6170.00000056CAS7440-65-5+3Gadolin, Johan178940ZirconiumZr91.22491.224SolidTransition Metal4IVB5[Kr] 4d25s23F26.633918554409HCP(m) 16016014820601.336.51141.1230.00000042CAS7440-67-7+4Klaproth, Martin Heinrich178941NiobiumNb92.9063892.90638SolidTransition Metal5VB5[Kr] 4d45s16D1/26.758924774744BCC(m) 14614613719801.68.5786.1540.00000015CAS7440-03-1+3,5Hatchet, Charles180142MolybdenumMo95.9495.94SolidTransition Metal6VIB5[Kr] 4d55s17S37.092426234639BCC(m) 13913914519002.1610.2871.91390.00000005CAS7439-98-7+6Scheele, Carl Welhelm177843TechnetiumTc98x(98)SyntheticTransition Metal7VIIB5[Kr] 4d55s26S5/27.2821574265HCP(m) 13613615618301.911.553510.0000002CAS7440-26-8+4,7Perrier, Carlo & Segr, Emilio193744RutheniumRu101.07101.07SolidTransition Metal8VIIIB5[Kr] 4d75s15F57.360523344150HCP(m) 13413412617802.212.37101.31200.000000071CAS7440-18-8+3Klaus, Karl Karlovich184445RhodiumRh102.9055102.9055SolidTransition Metal9VIIIB5[Kr] 4d85s14F9/27.458919643695FCC(m) 13413413517302.2812.45109.71500.000000043CAS7440-16-6+3Wollaston, William Hyde180346PalladiumPd106.42106.42SolidTransition Metal10VIIIB5[Kr] 4d101S08.33691554.92963FCC(m) 1371371311691632.212.02353.7720.0000001CAS7440-05-3+2,4Wollaston, William Hyde180347SilverAg107.8682107.8682SolidTransition Metal11IB5[Kr] 4d105s12S1/27.5762961.782162FCC(m) 1441441531651721.9310.49125.64300.000000016CAS7440-22-4+1unknownancient48CadmiumCd112.411112.411SolidTransition Metal12IIB5[Kr] 4d105s21S08.9938321.07767hex(m) 1511511481611581.698.650970.00000007CAS7440-43-9+2Stromeyer, Prof. Friedrich181749IndiumIn114.818114.818SolidPoor Metal13IIIA5[Kr] 4d105s25p12P1/25.7864156.62072tetra.(m) 1671671441561931.787.3128.9820.00000008CAS7440-74-6+3Reich, Ferdinand & Richter, Hieronymus186350TinSn118.71118.71SolidPoor Metal14IVA5[Kr] 4d105s25p23P07.3439231.932602tetra.(v) 1411411452171.967.31107.3670.00000011CAS7440-31-5+2,4unknownancient51AntimonySb121.76121.76SolidMetalloids15VA5[Kr] 4d105s25p34S3/28.6084630.631587rhom.(v) 1381381332062.056.697103.2240.0000004CAS7440-36-0+3,5/-3unknownancient52TelluriumTe127.6127.6SolidMetalloids16VIA5[Kr] 4d105s25p43P29.0096449.51988hex(v) 1351351232062.16.24190.230.0001CAS13494-80-9+4,6/-2Mller von Reichenstein, Franz Joseph178253IodineI126.90447126.90447SolidHalogen17VIIA5[Kr] 4d105s25p52P3/210.4513113.7184.3BCO(v) 1331331151982.664.94295.20.4490CAS7553-56-2+1,5,7/-1Courtois, Bernard181154XenonXe131.293131.293GasNoble Gas18VIIIA5[Kr] 4d105s25p61S012.1298-111.8-108FCC(v) 1301301082162.65.900.005650CAS7440-63-30Ramsay, William & Travers, Morris William189855CesiumCs132.90545132.90545SolidAlkali Metal1IA6[Xe] 6s12S1/23.893928.44671BCC(m) 2652652252983430.791.87945.5360.0000002CAS7440-46-2+1Kirchhoff, Gustav & Bunsen, Robert186056BariumBa137.327137.327SolidAlkaline Earth Metal2IIA6[Xe] 6s21S05.21177271870BCC(m) 2222221982532680.893.5113.95180.00000035CAS7440-39-3+2Davy, Sir Humphry180857LanthanumLa138.9055138.9055SolidRare Earth Metal3Lanthanides6[Xe] 5d16s22D3/25.57699203464hex(m) 187187169001.16.14648130.00000061CAS7439-91-0+3Mosander, Carl Gustav183958CeriumCe140.116140.116SolidRare Earth Metal101Lanthanides6[Xe] 4f15d16s21G45.53877983360FCC(m) 1821820001.126.68950110.00000074CAS7440-45-1+3,4Hisinger, Wilhelm & Berzelius, Jns Jacob/Klaproth, Martin Heinrich180359PraseodymiumPr140.90765140.90765SolidRare Earth Metal101Lanthanides6[Xe] 4f36s24I9/25.4739313290hex(m) 182182024701.136.6450130.0000007CAS7440-10-0+3Von Welsbach, Baron Auer188560NeodymiumNd144.24144.24SolidRare Earth Metal101Lanthanides6[Xe] 4f46s25I45.52510213100hex(m) 181181020601.147.0150170.00000064CAS7440-00-8+3Von Welsbach, Baron Auer188561PromethiumPm145x(145)SyntheticRare Earth Metal101Lanthanides6[Xe] 4f56s26H5/25.58211003000HCP(m) 1831830205007.26450150.00000075CAS7440-12-2+3Marinsky, Jacob A. & Coryell, Charles D. & Glendenin, Lawerence. E.194462SamariumSm150.36150.36SolidRare Earth Metal101Lanthanides6[Xe] 4f66s27F05.643710721803hex(m) 180180023801.177.35350130.00000094CAS7440-19-9+2,3Lecoq de Boisbaudran, Paul-mile187963EuropiumEu151.964151.964SolidRare Earth Metal101Lanthanides6[Xe] 4f76s28S7/25.67048221527BCC(m) 1801800231005.24450140.0000009CAS7440-53-1+2,3Demaray, Eugne-Antole190164GadoliniumGd157.25157.25SolidRare Earth Metal101Lanthanides6[Xe] 4f75d16s29D26.149813133250HCP(m) 180180023301.27.90150110.0000013CAS7440-54-2+3De Marignac, Charles Galissard188065TerbiumTb158.92534158.92534SolidRare Earth Metal101Lanthanides6[Xe] 4f96s26H15/25.863813563230HCP(m) 1771770225008.21950110.0000012CAS7440-27-9+3Mosander, Carl Gustav184366DysprosiumDy162.5162.5SolidRare Earth Metal101Lanthanides6[Xe] 4f106s25I85.938914122567HCP(m) 178178022801.228.55150110.00000091CAS7429-91-6+3Lecoq de Boisbaudran, Paul-mile188667HolmiumHo164.93032164.93032SolidRare Earth Metal101Lanthanides6[Xe] 4f116s24I15/26.021514742700HCP(m) 1761760001.238.79550160.00000094CAS7440-60-0+3Cleve, Per Theodor187968ErbiumEr167.259167.259SolidRare Earth Metal101Lanthanides6[Xe] 4f126s23H66.107714972868HCP(m) 176176022601.249.06650150.00000086CAS7440-52-0+3Mosander, Carl Gustav184269ThuliumTm168.93421168.93421SolidRare Earth Metal101Lanthanides6[Xe] 4f136s22F7/26.184315451950HCP(m) 176176022201.259.32150170.0000007CAS7440-30-4+3Cleve, Per Teodor187970YtterbiumYb173.04173.04SolidRare Earth Metal101Lanthanides6[Xe] 4f146s21S06.25428191196FCC(m) 1761760222006.5750390.00000028CAS7440-64-4+2,3De Marignac, Jean Charles Galissard187871LutetiumLu174.967174.967SolidRare Earth Metal101Lanthanides6[Xe] 4f145d16s22D3/25.425916633402HCP(m) 17417416021701.279.84150160.00000056CAS7439-94-3+3Urbain, Georges190772HafniumHf178.49178.49SolidTransition Metal4IVB6[Xe] 4f145d26s23F26.825122334603HCP(m) 15915915020801.313.310230.0000003CAS7440-58-6+4Coster, Dirk & De Hevesy, George Charles192373TantalumTa180.9479180.9479SolidTransition Metal5VB6[Xe] 4f145d36s24F3/27.549630175458BCC(m) 14614613820001.516.6531570.00000013CAS7440-25-7+5Ekeberg, Anders Gustav180274TungstenW183.84183.84SolidTransition Metal6VIB6[Xe] 4f145d46s25D07.86434225555BCC(m) 13913914619302.3619.2578.61700.00000005CAS7440-33-7+6Elhuyar, Juan Jos & Elhuyar, Fausto178375RheniumRe186.207186.207SolidTransition Metal7VIIB6[Xe] 4f145d56s26S5/27.833531865596HCP(m) 13713715918801.921.0214.5480.00000018CAS7440-15-5+4,67Noddack, Walter & Berg, Otto Carl & Tacke, Ida192576OsmiumOs190.23190.23SolidTransition Metal8VIIIB6[Xe] 4f145d66s25D48.438230335012HCP(m) 13513512818502.222.61106.1880.000000081CAS7440-04-2+3,4Tennant, Smithson180377IridiumIr192.217192.217SolidTransition Metal9VIIIB6[Xe] 4f145d76s24F9/28.96724664428FCC(m) 13613613718002.222.651511500.000000047CAS7439-88-5+3,4Tennant, Smithson180378PlatinumPt195.078195.078SolidTransition Metal10VIIIB6[Xe] 4f145d96s13D38.95881768.33825FCC(m) 1391391281771752.2821.09205.3720.00000011CAS7440-06-4+2,4Ulloa, Antonio de173579GoldAu196.96655196.96655SolidTransition Metal11IB6[Xe] 4f145d106s12S1/29.22551064.182856FCC(m) 1441441441741662.5419.3222.83200.000000022CAS7440-57-5+1,3unknownancient80MercuryHg200.59200.59LiquidTransition Metal12IIB6[Xe] 4f145d106s21S010.4375-38.83356.73rhom.(m) 151151149171155213.53408.30.00000096CAS7439-97-6+1,2unknownancient81ThalliumTl204.3833204.3833SolidPoor Metal13IIIA6[Hg] 6p12P01/26.10823041473HCP(m) 1701701481561961.6211.8519.2460.00000015CAS7440-28-0+1,3Crookes, William186182LeadPb207.2207.2SolidPoor Metal14IVA6[Hg] 6p23P07.4167327.461749FCC(m) 1751751471542022.3311.3435.1350.00000021CAS7439-92-1+2,4unknownancient83BismuthBi208.98038208.98038SolidPoor Metal15VA6[Hg] 6p34S03/27.2855271.31564rhom.(v) 1461461432072.029.7891.280.0000013CAS7440-69-9+3,5Geoffroy, Claudeancient84PoloniumPo209x(209)SolidMetalloids16VIA6[Hg] 6p43P28.414254962cubic013519729.196183.300.00000043CAS7440-08-6+2,4Curie, Marie & Pierre189885AstatineAt210x(210)SolidHalogen17VIIA6[Hg] 6p52P03/203020002022.20270.120CAS7440-68-8Corson, Dale R. & Mackenzie, K. R.194086RadonRn222x(222)GasNoble Gas18VIIIA6[Hg] 6p61S010.7485-71-61.7(v) 14514512022009.7300.003610CAS10043-92-20Dorn, Friedrich Ernst190087FranciumFr223x(223)SolidAlkali Metal1IA7[Rn] 7s12S1/24.072700003480.70000CAS7440-73-5+1Perey, Marguerite193988RadiumRa226x(226)SolidAlkaline Earth Metal2IIA7[Rn] 7s21S05.27847001737BCC002830.950190.000001CAS7440-14-4+2Curie, Marie & Pierre189889ActiniumAc227x(227)SolidRare Earth Metal3Actinides7[Rn] 6d17s22D3/25.1710503200FCC0001.110.070120CAS7440-34-8+3Debierne, Andr189990ThoriumTh232.0381232.0381SolidRare Earth Metal102Actinides7[Rn] 6d27s23F26.306717504820FCC(m) 1791790001.311.7240540.00000015CAS7440-29-1+4Berzelius, Jns Jacob182991ProtactiniumPa231.03588231.03588SolidRare Earth Metal102Actinides7[Rn] 5f26d17s24K11/25.8915724000tetra(m) 1631630001.515.370470.00000018CAS7440-13-3+4,5Ghring, Otto & Fajans, Kasimir191392UraniumU238.02891238.02891SolidRare Earth Metal102Actinides7[Rn] 5f36d17s25L66.194111353927BCO(m) 156156001861.3819.050270.00000028CAS7440-61-1+3,4,5,6Klaproth, Martin Heinrich178993NeptuniumNp237x(237)SyntheticRare Earth Metal102Actinides7[Rn] 5f46d17s26L11/26.26576444000SO(m) 1551550001.3620.45060.0000012CAS7439-99-8+3,4,5,6McMillan, Edwin M. & Abelson, Philip H.194094PlutoniumPu244x(244)SyntheticRare Earth Metal102Actinides7[Rn] 5f67s27F06.02606403230mono.(m) 1591590001.2819.816060.0000015CAS7440-07-5+3,4,5,6Glenn T. Seaborg, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edward M. McMillan, Arthur C. Wohl194095AmericiumAm243x(243)SyntheticRare Earth Metal102Actinides7[Rn] 5f77s28S7/25.973811762011HCP(m) 1731730001.300100CAS7440-35-9+3,4,5,6Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso194496CuriumCm247x(247)SyntheticRare Earth Metal102Actinides7[Rn] 5f76d 7s29D25.991413453110HCP(m) 1741740001.313.51000CAS7440-51-9+3Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso194497BerkeliumBk247x(247)SyntheticRare Earth Metal102Actinides7[Rn] 5f97s26H15/26.197910500hex(m) 1701700001.314.780100CAS7440-40-6+3,4Stanley G. Thompson, Glenn T. Seaborg, Kenneth Street, Jr., Albert Ghiorso194998CaliforniumCf251x(251)SyntheticRare Earth Metal102Actinides7[Rn] 5f107s25I86.28179000hex0001.315.1000CAS7440-71-3+3Stanley G. Thompson, Glenn T. Seaborg, Kenneth Street, Jr., Albert Ghiorso195099EinsteiniumEs252x(252)SyntheticRare Earth Metal102Actinides7[Rn] 5f117s24I15/26.4286000001.30000CAS7429-92-7+3Albert Ghiorso et. al.1952100FermiumFm257x(257)SyntheticRare Earth Metal102Actinides7[Rn] 5f127s23H66.5152700001.30000CAS7440-72-4+3Albert Ghiorso et. al.1952101MendeleviumMd258x(258)SyntheticRare Earth Metal102Actinides7[Rn] 5f137s22F7/26.5882700001.30000CAS7440-11-1+2,3Stanley G. Thompson, Glenn T. Seaborg, Bernard G. Harvey, Gregory R. Choppin, Albert Ghiorso1955102NobeliumNo259x(259)SyntheticRare Earth Metal102Actinides7[Rn] 5f147s21S06.6582700001.30000CAS10028-14-5+2,3Albert Ghiorso, Glenn T. Seaborg, Torbrn Sikkeland, John R. Walton1958103LawrenciumLr262x(262)SyntheticRare Earth Metal102Actinides7[Rn] 5f147s2 7p ?2P1/2 ?4.9 ?1627000000000CAS22537-19-5+3Albert Ghiorso, Torbjrn Sikkeland, Almon E. Larsh, Robert M. Latimer1961104RutherfordiumRf261x(261)SyntheticTransition Metal4IVB7[Rn] 5f146d2 7s2 ?3F2 ?6.0 ?0000000000CAS53850-36-5+4Scientists at Dubna, Russia (1964)/Albert Ghiorso et. al. (1969)1964105DubniumDb262x(262)SyntheticTransition Metal5VB700000000000CAS53850-35-4Scientists at Dubna, Russia (1967)/Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (1970)1967106SeaborgiumSg266x(266)SyntheticTransition Metal6VIB700000000000CAS54038-81-2Albert Ghiorso et. al.1974107BohriumBh264x(264)SyntheticTransition Metal7VIIB700000000000CAS54037-14-8Scientists at Dubna, Russia1976108HassiumHs277x(277)SyntheticTransition Metal8VIIIB700000000000CAS54037-57-9Armbruster, Paula & Muenzenberg, Dr. Gottfried1984109MeitneriumMt268x(268)SyntheticTransition Metal9VIIIB700000000000CAS54038-01-6Armbruster, Paula & Muenzenberg, Dr. Gottfried1982110DarmstadtiumDs281x(281)SyntheticTransition Metal10VIIIB700000000000CAS54083-77-1Armbruster, Paula & Muenzenberg, Dr. Gottfried1994111RoentgeniumRg272x(272)SyntheticTransition Metal11IB700000000000CAS54386-24-2Hofmann, Sigurd et. al.1994112CoperniciumCn285x(285)SyntheticTransition Metal12IIB700000000000CAS54084-26-3Armbruster, Paula & Muenzenberg, Dr. Gottfried1996113UnuntriumUut00SyntheticTransition Metal13IIIA700000000000CAS54084-70-7Y. T. Oganessian et. al.2004114UnunquadiumUuq289x(289)SyntheticTransition Metal14IVA700000000000CAS54085-16-4Scientists at Dubna, Russia1998115UnunpentiumUup00SyntheticTransition Metal700000000000CAS54085-64-2Y. T. Oganessian et. al.2004116UnunhexiumUuh292x(292)SyntheticTransition Metal16VIA700000000000CAS54100-71-9Scientists at Dubna, Russia2001117UnunseptiumUus00SyntheticTransition Metal700000000000CAS87658-56-8Yet to be producedNA118UnunoctiumUuo00SyntheticTransition Metal700000000000CAS54144-19-3Y. T. Oganessian et. al.2006References: NIST.gov* Mathematica (references.wolfram.com)Various including:http://education.jlab.org/qa/discover_ele.htmlhttp://www.lenntech.com/periodic-chart-elements/inventor-surname.htmhttp://www.sciencegeek.net/tables/lbltable.pdfhttp://ptable.comhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_radii_of_the_elements_(data_page)http://environmentalchemistry.com/yogi/periodic/crystal.htmlhttp://www.periodictable.com

For Metals :: The most stable structure at 20C. :: Unusual structure and/or may require explanationrhombo. :: RhombohedralFCC :: Face Centered CubicBCC :: Body Centered CubicHCP :: Hexagonal Close PackedHex :: Simple HexagonalBCO :: Base Centered OrthorhombicFCO :: Face Centered OrthorhombicSO :: Simple Orthorhombicmono. :: Monoclinicortho. :: Orthorhombictetra. :: Tetragonalhex :: Hexagonalrhom. :: Rhombohedral

SOURCES:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_table_%28crystal_structure%29http://environmentalchemistry.com/yogi/periodic/crystal.htmlhttp://www.periodictable.com/Properties/A/CrystalStructure.htmlCalculatedSource: E. Clementi, D.L.Raimondi,, W.P. Reinhardt (1967). "Atomic Screening Constants from SCF Functions. II. Atoms with 37 to 86 Electrons". J. Chem. Phys. 47: 1300.van der Waals radiusSources:(a) M. Mantina, A.C. Chamberlin, R. Valero, C.J. Cramer, D.G. Truhlar (2009). "Consistent van der Waals Radii for the Whole Main Group". J. Phys. Chem. A 113 (19): 5806.(b) A. Bondi (1964). "van der Waals Volumes and Radii". J. Phys. Chem. 68: 441Source (a)Source (a)Source (a)Source (a)Source (a)Source (a)Source (a)Source (a)Source (a)Source (a)Source (a)Source (a)Source (a)Source (a)Source (a)Source (a)Source (a)Source (a)Metallic radiusSource: Greenwood, Norman N.; Earnshaw, Alan. (1997), Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.), Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemannhttp://www.periodictable.com

ELEMENT DETAILS1HNameHydrogenGroup1IAPhaseGasTypeNon MetalPeriod1Atomic Weight1.00794Electron Configuration1s1Ground-state Level2S1/2Ionization Energy (eV)13.5984Melting Point (C)-259.14Boiling Point (C)-252.87Crystal StructurehexAtomic Radius (display)(v) 37Metallic Radius (pm)0Covalent radius (pm)37Atomic Radius (calculated) (pm)53Van der Waals Radius, (pm)120Electro-negativity (Pauling)2.2Density (g/cm3)0.0899Electron Affinity (kJ/mol)72.8Thermal Conductivity, W/(m K)0.1805Electrical Resistivity (m)0CAS NumberCAS1333-74-0Possible Oxidation States+1,-1DiscovererCavendish, HenryDiscovery (Year)1766

For Metals :: The most stable structure at 20C. :: Unusual structure and/or may require explanationrhombo. :: Rhombohedral

For Metals :: The most stable structure at 20C. :: Unusual structure and/or may require explanationrhombo. :: RhombohedralFCC :: Face Centered CubicBCC :: Body Centered CubicHCP :: Hexagonal Close PackedHex :: Simple HexagonalBCO :: Base Centered OrthorhombicFCO :: Face Centered OrthorhombicSO :: Simple Orthorhombicmono. :: Monoclinicortho. :: Orthorhombictetra. :: Tetragonalhex :: Hexagonalrhom. :: Rhombohedral