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1PTGas Example_autocal Gaslift_Optimiz_Oil Horizontalwell Oil VelocityStringFAnnular Vertical gas well; fractured autocalibration feature oil well in Gas Lift horizontal oil well vert. onshore well, no flowline gas well; annular flow use single stabilized point three flow rates vs P@depth optimum injection rate & valve depth Pseudo steady state flow efficiency=1 control liquid loading use actual well test Best VLP correlation=? GLR before injection entered wellhead choke and flowline completion model added sensitivity: string size & depth IPR: Chase et al, 1-pt test IPR: Darcy IPR: User entered PI IPR: Joshi, horizontal IPR: Vogel/Harrison IPR: Vogel/Harrison VLP: Gray VLP: Mukherjee & Brill VLP: Orkiszewski VLP: Ansari mech. + Beggs & Brill VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil VLP: Orkiszewski Autocalibration Fractured_pss_gas Gaslift_Design_Gas Hydrateflowline ScaleFlowline VelocityStringFString deviated oil well Fractured gas well; PSS Gas well unloading Gradient analysis flowline gradient analysis oil flowline gas well pressure & temp survey data Maximization on K, S and tbg ID Condensate & WC=100% flow assurance scale prediction: flow assurance liquid loading one flow rate used Radius external boundary GL design: press operated Hydr.Corr: Ostergaard 4 SI on: Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg, SO4, Cl 4 unloading + erosional rate match actual data: 1Q vs P@depth IPR: Chase, fractured well IPR: Economides et al Inhibitor: glycol Unknown point: wellhead IPR: Jones et al VLP: Beggs & Brill VLP: Duns & Ros, gas VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, gas pressure gradient vs hydrate line Flowline: Xiao mechanistic VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, gas Bilateral Gas Gaslift_Design_Oil Hydratewellbore ScaleWellbore WaterInjection multilateral w/2 reservoirs condensate; wellhead choke continuous gas lift gradient analysis f/gas well gradient analysis Open perforations; WC=100% cross flow enabled unloading velocity Pressure @equilibrium point Hydr.Corr: K-value 4 vertical oil well Warning if BHP>fracture grad directional survey per link GLR sensitivity interactive design f/GL valves Inhibitor: methanol Scale prediction 4 Water rate vs Injection Press. IPR: Joshi IPR: Jones IPR: User entered PI Hydrates prediction GLR in tubing IPR: User entered PI VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil VLP: Gray VLP: Duns and & Ros, oil VLP: Gray VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil CBM_IPR Gasfrac_proppant Gaslift_System Max...comp..heavy_oil SmartWell Worst_Case_Discharge coal bed methane; gas well transient period after fracture Oil well with GL Oil well w/gravel pack Three-multilayer well Open hole with high roughness matrix shrinkage vendor proppant data GLR in tubing params: shot ρ, perf L, Kc/Kf Fluid properties per layer WHP= atmospheric or BackPres K, Ø = f(P) best proppant to optimize Q Find gas injection on GLR Sensitivity & Maximization critical/subcritical flow PVT: Petrosky GOM IPR: Thungsuntonkhun & Engler IPR: Fractured Well, transient IPR: Darcy Frac-Pak IPR: Darcy IPR: User entered PI + Joshi x2 IPR: Darcy VLP: Gray VLP: Fundamental Flow Adj. VLP: Ansari mechanistic VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil Completion_gun_data Gradient_GasInjection Gaspipeline Offshore_heavyoil_pvt TriLateral perforation length=? gradient analysis gas well offshore well + flowline + riser multilateral well completed with gravel pack gas injection in annulus gradient analysis 12-ml pipeline PVT lab data Herringbone configuration data from gun manufacturer Dry gas or little condensate outlet pressure=? Heat transfer corr.: Alves unique GLR per reservoir IPR: Jones Pwf from Pwh=?; Q=? Alves heat transfer model used IPR: Darcy IPR: Vogel/Harrison, all layers VLP: Culender & Smith VLP: Fundamental Flow Pipeline+separator+compressor VLP: Chokshi et al mechanistic VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil downhole_pumps Gaslift_Gradient Guo_Evans Offshorewell TwoLayers ESP & PCP pumps gradient analysis oil GL well horizontal fractured gas well offshore oil well; reservoir to riser outlet two-multilayer oil well PVT data high GLR intersection of multiple fractures temperature calculations:Alves Water shut-off in bottom layer Three cases Alves heat transfer model Twh Fracture details required liquid holdup & flow pattern Flowline calculation IPR: Vogel corrected f/watercut Energy balance equation IPR: Guo & Evans, horizontal IPR: Vogel corrected by Watercut IPR: Darcy, all layers VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil VLP: Chokshi et al, mechanist VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, gas VLP: Chokshi et al, mechanist VLP: Duns & Ros, oil ESP_performan...curve Gaslift_Optimiz_Gas GuoWH Oil_sand_flux TwoLayers_Sand Horizontal oil well GL params gas well Guo wellhead test IPR oil wells Condensate well; gravel pack 2 consecutive layers: O+W Data import from SubPump unload liquids solids production ΔP<-Pressure Transient Analysis sand production volatile oil reservoir+gas comp. Optimal injection depth No completion component used Calculate Avg.Velocity at Perfs model shear or tensile failure IPR: Back pressure Equation IPR: Fractured well IPR: Wellhead Test IPR: Fractured Well Rueda IPR: Darcy, all layers VLP: Gomez et al, mechanistic VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, gas VLP: Ansari mechanistic VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil VLP: Duns & Ros, oil

PERFORM - Nodal Analysis by Example

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Page 1: PERFORM - Nodal Analysis by Example

1PTGas Example_autocal Gaslift_Optimiz_Oil Horizontalwell Oil VelocityStringFAnnularVertical gas well; fractured autocalibration feature oil well in Gas Lift horizontal oil well vert. onshore well, no flowline gas well; annular flow

use single stabilized point three flow rates vs P@depth optimum injection rate & valve depth Pseudo steady state flow efficiency=1 control liquid loading

use actual well test Best VLP correlation=? GLR before injection entered wellhead choke and flowline completion model added sensitivity: string size & depth

IPR: Chase et al, 1-pt test IPR: Darcy IPR: User entered PI IPR: Joshi, horizontal IPR: Vogel/Harrison IPR: Vogel/Harrison

VLP: Gray VLP: Mukherjee & Brill VLP: Orkiszewski VLP: Ansari mech. + Beggs & Brill VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil VLP: Orkiszewski

Autocalibration Fractured_pss_gas Gaslift_Design_Gas Hydrateflowline ScaleFlowline VelocityStringFStringdeviated oil well Fractured gas well; PSS Gas well unloading Gradient analysis flowline gradient analysis oil flowline gas well

pressure & temp survey data Maximization on K, S and tbg ID Condensate & WC=100% flow assurance scale prediction: flow assurance liquid loading

one flow rate used Radius external boundary GL design: press operated Hydr.Corr: Ostergaard 4 SI on: Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg, SO4, Cl 4 unloading + erosional rate

match actual data: 1Q vs P@depth IPR: Chase, fractured well IPR: Economides et al Inhibitor: glycol Unknown point: wellhead IPR: Jones et al

VLP: Beggs & Brill VLP: Duns & Ros, gas VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, gas pressure gradient vs hydrate line Flowline: Xiao mechanistic VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, gas

Bilateral Gas Gaslift_Design_Oil Hydratewellbore ScaleWellbore WaterInjectionmultilateral w/2 reservoirs condensate; wellhead choke continuous gas lift gradient analysis f/gas well gradient analysis Open perforations; WC=100%

cross flow enabled unloading velocity Pressure @equilibrium point Hydr.Corr: K-value 4 vertical oil well Warning if BHP>fracture grad

directional survey per link GLR sensitivity interactive design f/GL valves Inhibitor: methanol Scale prediction 4 Water rate vs Injection Press.

IPR: Joshi IPR: Jones IPR: User entered PI Hydrates prediction GLR in tubing IPR: User entered PI

VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil VLP: Gray VLP: Duns and & Ros, oil VLP: Gray VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil

CBM_IPR Gasfrac_proppant Gaslift_System Max...comp..heavy_oil SmartWell Worst_Case_Dischargecoal bed methane; gas well transient period after fracture Oil well with GL Oil well w/gravel pack Three-multilayer well Open hole with high roughness

matrix shrinkage vendor proppant data GLR in tubing params: shot ρ, perf L, Kc/Kf Fluid properties per layer WHP= atmospheric or BackPres

K, Ø = f(P) best proppant to optimize Q Find gas injection on GLR Sensitivity & Maximization critical/subcritical flow PVT: Petrosky GOM

IPR: Thungsuntonkhun & Engler IPR: Fractured Well, transient IPR: Darcy Frac-Pak IPR: Darcy IPR: User entered PI + Joshi x2 IPR: Darcy

VLP: Gray VLP: Fundamental Flow Adj. VLP: Ansari mechanistic VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil

Completion_gun_data Gradient_GasInjection Gaspipeline Offshore_heavyoil_pvt TriLateralperforation length=? gradient analysis gas well offshore well + flowline + riser multilateral well

completed with gravel pack gas injection in annulus gradient analysis 12-ml pipeline PVT lab data Herringbone configuration

data from gun manufacturer Dry gas or little condensate outlet pressure=? Heat transfer corr.: Alves unique GLR per reservoir

IPR: Jones Pwf from Pwh=?; Q=? Alves heat transfer model used IPR: Darcy IPR: Vogel/Harrison, all layers

VLP: Culender & Smith VLP: Fundamental Flow Pipeline+separator+compressor VLP: Chokshi et al mechanistic VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil

downhole_pumps Gaslift_Gradient Guo_Evans Offshorewell TwoLayersESP & PCP pumps gradient analysis oil GL well horizontal fractured gas well offshore oil well; reservoir to riser outlettwo-multilayer oil well

PVT data high GLR intersection of multiple fractures temperature calculations:Alves Water shut-off in bottom layer

Three cases Alves heat transfer model Twh Fracture details required liquid holdup & flow pattern Flowline calculation

IPR: Vogel corrected f/watercut Energy balance equation IPR: Guo & Evans, horizontal IPR: Vogel corrected by Watercut IPR: Darcy, all layers

VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil VLP: Chokshi et al, mechanist VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, gas VLP: Chokshi et al, mechanist VLP: Duns & Ros, oil

ESP_performan...curve Gaslift_Optimiz_Gas GuoWH Oil_sand_flux TwoLayers_SandHorizontal oil well GL params gas well Guo wellhead test IPR oil wells Condensate well; gravel pack 2 consecutive layers: O+W

Data import from SubPump unload liquids solids production ΔP<-Pressure Transient Analysis sand production

volatile oil reservoir+gas comp. Optimal injection depth No completion component used Calculate Avg.Velocity at Perfs model shear or tensile failure

IPR: Back pressure Equation IPR: Fractured well IPR: Wellhead Test IPR: Fractured Well Rueda IPR: Darcy, all layers

VLP: Gomez et al, mechanistic VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, gas VLP: Ansari mechanistic VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil VLP: Duns & Ros, oil

Page 2: PERFORM - Nodal Analysis by Example

PERFORM by Example

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Injection

Matching Flow Patterns

Flow

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Flow Patterns

PVT input

downhole_pumpsESP & PCP pumps

PVT data

Three cases

IPR: Vogel corrected f/watercut

VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil

ESP_performan...curveHorizontal oil well

Data import from SubPump

volatile oil reservoir+gas comp.

IPR: Back pressure Equation

VLP: Gomez et al, mechanistic

Gaslift_Design_Oilcontinuous gas lift

Pressure @equilibrium point

interactive design f/GL valves

IPR: User entered PI

VLP: Duns and & Ros, oil

VelocityStringFAnnulargas well; annular flow

control liquid loading

sensitivity: string size & depth

IPR: Vogel/Harrison

VLP: Orkiszewski

VelocityStringFStringgas well

liquid loading

unloading + erosional rate

IPR: Jones et al

VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, gas

TwoLayers_Sand2 consecutive layers: O+W

sand production

model shear or tensile failure

IPR: Darcy, all layers

VLP: Duns & Ros, oil

ScaleWellboregradient analysis

vertical oil well

Scale prediction 4

GLR in tubing

VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil

GuoWHGuo wellhead test IPR oil wells

solids production

No completion component used

IPR: Wellhead Test

VLP: Ansari mechanistic

Hydratewellboregradient analysis f/gas well

Hydr.Corr: K-value 4

Inhibitor: methanol

Hydrates prediction

VLP: Gray

ScaleFlowlinegradient analysis oil flowline

scale prediction: flow assurance

SI on: Ba, Sr, Ca, Mg, SO4, Cl 4

Unknown point: wellhead

Flowline: Xiao mechanistic

HydrateflowlineGradient analysis flowline

flow assurance

Hydr.Corr: Ostergaard 4

Inhibitor: glycol

pressure gradient vs hydrate line

TwoLayerstwo-multilayer oil well

Water shut-off in bottom layer

Flowline calculation

IPR: Darcy, all layers

VLP: Duns & Ros, oil

Gaspipelinegas well

gradient analysis 12-ml pipeline

outlet pressure=?

Alves heat transfer model used

Pipeline+separator+compressor

Offshorewelloffshore oil well; reservoir to riser outlet

temperature calculations:Alves

liquid holdup & flow pattern

IPR: Vogel corrected by Watercut

VLP: Chokshi et al, mechanist

Gascondensate; wellhead choke

unloading velocity

GLR sensitivity

IPR: Jones

VLP: Gray

Guo_Evanshorizontal fractured gas well

intersection of multiple fractures

Fracture details required

IPR: Guo & Evans, horizontal

VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, gas

Gaslift_Optimiz_GasGL params gas well

unload liquids

Optimal injection depth

IPR: Fractured well

VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, gas

Gasfrac_proppanttransient period after fracture

vendor proppant data

best proppant to optimize Q

IPR: Fractured Well, transient

VLP: Fundamental Flow Adj.

Fractured_pss_gasFractured gas well; PSS

Maximization on K, S and tbg ID

Radius external boundary

IPR: Chase, fractured well

VLP: Duns & Ros, gas

Gaslift_SystemOil well with GL

GLR in tubing

Find gas injection on GLR

IPR: Darcy Frac-Pak

VLP: Ansari mechanistic

1PTGasVertical gas well; fractured

use single stabilized point

use actual well test

IPR: Chase et al, 1-pt test

VLP: Gray

Gaslift_Design_GasGas well unloading

Condensate & WC=100%

GL design: press operated

IPR: Economides et al

VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, gas

Oil_sand_fluxCondensate well; gravel pack

ΔP<-Pressure Transient Analysis

Calculate Avg.Velocity at Perfs

IPR: Fractured Well Rueda

VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil

Completion_gun_dataperforation length=?

completed with gravel pack

data from gun manufacturer

IPR: Jones

VLP: Culender & Smith

CBM_IPRcoal bed methane; gas well

matrix shrinkage

K, Ø = f(P)

IPR: Thungsuntonkhun & Engler

VLP: Gray

Max...comp..heavy_oilOil well w/gravel pack

params: shot ρ, perf L, Kc/Kf

Sensitivity & Maximization

IPR: Darcy

VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil

Offshore_heavyoil_pvtoffshore well + flowline + riser

PVT lab data

Heat transfer corr.: Alves

IPR: Darcy

VLP: Chokshi et al mechanistic

Gaslift_Gradientgradient analysis oil GL well

high GLR

Alves heat transfer model Twh

Energy balance equation

VLP: Chokshi et al, mechanist

Horizontalwellhorizontal oil well

Pseudo steady state

wellhead choke and flowline

IPR: Joshi, horizontal

VLP: Ansari mech. + Beggs & Brill

Worst_Case_DischargeOpen hole with high roughness

WHP= atmospheric or BackPres

PVT: Petrosky GOM

IPR: Darcy

VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil

SmartWellThree-multilayer well

Fluid properties per layer

critical/subcritical flow

IPR: User entered PI + Joshi x2

VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil

Bilateralmultilateral w/2 reservoirs

cross flow enabled

directional survey per link

IPR: Joshi

VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil

TriLateralmultilateral well

Herringbone configuration

unique GLR per reservoir

IPR: Vogel/Harrison, all layers

VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil

WaterInjectionOpen perforations; WC=100%

Warning if BHP>fracture grad

Water rate vs Injection Press.

IPR: User entered PI

VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil

Gradient_GasInjectiongradient analysis

gas injection in annulus

Dry gas or little condensate

Pwf from Pwh=?; Q=?

VLP: Fundamental Flow

Autocalibrationdeviated oil well

pressure & temp survey data

one flow rate used

match actual data: 1Q vs P@depth

VLP: Beggs & Brill

Example_autocalautocalibration feature

three flow rates vs P@depth

Best VLP correlation=?

IPR: Darcy

VLP: Mukherjee & Brill

Oilvert. onshore well, no flowline

flow efficiency=1

completion model added

IPR: Vogel/Harrison

VLP: Hagendorn & Brown, oil

IHS