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PERATURAN MENTERI PERTANIAN NOMOR 42/Permentan/OT.140/6/2012
TENTANG
TINDAKAN KARANTINA TUMBUHAN UNTUK PEMASUKAN BUAH SEGAR DAN SAYURAN BUAH SEGAR KE DALAM WILAYAH NEGARA REPUBLIK
INDONESIA
DENGAN RAHMAT TUHAN YANG MAHA ESA
MENTERI PERTANIAN,
Menimbang : a. bahwa dengan Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 37/Kpts/HK.060/1/2006 jis Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 89/ Permentan/OT.140/12/2011 dan Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 15/Permentan /OT.140/3/2012 telah ditetapkan Persyaratan Teknis dan Tindakan Karantina Tumbuhan Untuk Pemasukan Buah-buahan dan/atau Sayuran Segar Ke Dalam Wilayah Negara Republik Indonesia;
b. bahwa dengan adanya perkembangan ilmu
pengetahuan dan teknologi bidang karantina tumbuhan untuk perlakuan terhadap media pembawa organisme pengganggu tumbuhan bebas dari lalat buah, Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 37/Kpts/HK.060/1/2006 jis Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 89/ Permentan/OT.140/12/2011 dan Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 15/Permentan /OT.140/3/2012 tidak sesuai lagi;
c. bahwa atas dasar hal tersebut di atas, perlu mengatur Tindakan Karantina Tumbuhan Untuk Pemasukan Buah Segar dan Sayuran Buah Segar Ke Dalam Wilayah Negara Republik Indonesia;
Mengingat : 1. Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 1992 tentang Karantina Hewan, Ikan dan Tumbuhan (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1992 Nomor 56, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 3482);
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2. Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 1994 tentang
Pengesahan Agreement Establishing The World Trade Organization (Persetujuan Pembentukan Organisasi Perdagangan Dunia) (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1994 Nomor 57, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 35);
3. Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 1996 tentang Pangan (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1996 Nomor 99, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 3817);
4. Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2010 tentang
Hortikultura (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2010 Nomor 132, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 5170);
5. Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 14 Tahun 2002
tentang Karantina Tumbuhan (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2002 Nomor 35, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 4196);
6. Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 28 Tahun 2004 tentang Keamanan, Mutu dan Gizi Pangan (Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2004 Nomor 107, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 4424);
7. Keputusan Presiden Nomor 2 Tahun 1977 juncto Keputusan Presiden Nomor 45 Tahun 1990 tentang Pengesahan International Plant Protection Convention 1951;
8. Keputusan Presiden Nomor 58 Tahun1992 tentang Pengesahan Asian Plant Protection Convention;
9. Peraturan Presiden Nomor 47 Tahun 2009 tentang Pembentukan dan Organisasi Kementerian Negara;
10. Keputusan Presiden Nomor 84/P Tahun 2009 tentang Pembentukan Kabinet Indonesia Bersatu II;
11. Peraturan Presiden Nomor 24 Tahun 2010 tentang
Kedudukan, Tugas, dan Fungsi Kementerian Negara, serta Susunan Organisasi, Tugas dan Fungsi Eselon I;
12. Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 22/ Permentan/OT.140/4/2008 tentang Organisasi, dan Tata Kerja Unit Pelaksana Teknis Karantina Pertanian;
3
13. Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 09/ Permentan/OT.140/2/2009 tentang Persyaratan dan Tatacara Tindakan Karantina Tumbuhan Terhadap Pemasukan Media Pembawa Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan Karantina Ke Dalam Wilayah Negara Republik Indonesia (Berita Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2009 Nomor 35);
14. Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor
61/Permentan/OT.140/10/2010 tentang Organisasi dan Tata Kerja Kementerian Pertanian;
15. Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 88/Permentan/PP.340/12/2011 tentang Pengawasan Keamanan Pangan Terhadap Pemasukan dan Pengeluaran Pangan Segar Asal Tumbuhan (Berita Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2011 Nomor 842);
16. Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 93/ Permentan/OT.140/12/2011 tentang Jenis Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan Karantina (Berita Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2012 Nomor 6);
17. Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 94/Permentan/OT.140/12/2011 tentang Tempat-Tempat Pemasukan dan Pengeluaran Media Pembawa Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan Karantina (Berita Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2012 Nomor 7);
Memperhatikan : 1. Notifikasi WTO Nomor G/SPS/N/IDN/24 tanggal 18 Mei 2005;
2. Notifikasi WTO Nomor G/SPS/N/IDN/46 tanggal 7 Mei 2012;
MEMUTUSKAN :
Menetapkan : PERATURAN MENTERI PERTANIAN TENTANG
TINDAKAN KARANTINA TUMBUHAN UNTUK PEMASUKAN BUAH SEGAR DAN SAYURAN BUAH SEGAR KE DALAM WILAYAH NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA.
BAB I
KETENTUAN UMUM
Pasal 1
Dalam Peraturan ini yang dimaksud dengan:
1. Buah Segar atau Sayuran Buah Segar adalah hasil tanaman buah atau sayuran yang berupa buah berdaging, baik utuh atau bagiannya yang belum diproses menjadi bahan olahan, yang masih berpotensi sebagai media pembawa organisme pengganggu tumbuhan karantina.
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2. Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan Karantina, selanjutnya disebut OPTK adalah semua organisme pengganggu tumbuhan yang ditetapkan oleh Menteri Pertanian untuk dicegah masuknya ke dalam dan tersebarnya di dalam wilayah negara Republik Indonesia.
3. Sertifikat Kesehatan Tumbuhan (Phytosanitary Certificate) adalah
surat keterangan yang diterbitkan oleh pejabat berwenang dari negara asal atau negara transit yang menyatakan Buah Segar atau Sayuran Buah Segar bebas dari OPTK dan memenuhi persyaratan karantina tumbuhan yang ditetapkan dan/atau menyatakan keterangan lain yang diperlukan.
4. Tempat Pemasukan adalah pelabuhan laut, pelabuhan sungai, pelabuhan penyeberangan, bandar udara, kantor pos, pos perbatasan dengan negara lain dan tempat-tempat lain yang dianggap perlu, yang ditetapkan sebagai tempat untuk memasukkan media pembawa organisme pengganggu tumbuhan karantina.
5. Petugas Karantina Tumbuhan, selanjutnya disebut Petugas Karantina
adalah Pegawai Negeri Sipil tertentu yang diberi tugas untuk melakukan tindakan karantina tumbuhan berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku.
6. Pemilik Buah Segar dan/atau Sayuran Buah Segar atau Kuasanya,
selanjutnya disebut Pemilik atau Kuasanya adalah orang atau badan hukum yang memiliki dan/atau yang bertanggung jawab atas pemasukan Buah Segar dan/atau Sayuran Buah Segar.
Pasal 2
(1) Peraturan ini dimaksudkan sebagai dasar pemasukan Buah Segar dan Sayuran Buah Segar ke dalam wilayah negara Republik Indonesia dan pelaksanaan tindakan karantina tumbuhan.
(2) Tujuan pengaturan ini untuk mencegah masuknya OPTK jenis lalat
buah ke dalam wilayah negara Republik Indonesia dan memenuhi keamanan pangan segar asal tumbuhan.
Pasal 3
Ruang lingkup peraturan ini meliputi tindakan karantina tumbuhan dan Tempat Pemasukan.
Pasal 4
(1) Pemasukan Buah Segar atau Sayuran Buah Segar ke dalam wilayah negara Republik Indonesia dapat berasal dari area produksi di negara asal yang bebas atau tidak bebas dari infestasi lalat buah.
(2) Area produksi di negara asal bebas dari infestasi lalat buah
sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (1), ditetapkan oleh Kepala Badan Karantina Pertanian atas nama Menteri dalam bentuk Keputusan.
(3) Tata cara penetapan suatu area produksi di negara asal yang bebas
dari infestasi lalat buah sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (2), dilakukan berdasarkan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan.
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Pasal 5
(1) Dalam hal pemasukan Buah Segar atau Sayuran Buah Segar ke
dalam wilayah negara Republik Indonesia sebagaimana dimaksud
dalam Pasal 4 berasal dari area produksi di negara asal yang tidak
bebas dari infestasi lalat buah wajib memenuhi persyaratan teknis.
(2) Persyaratan teknis sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (1) berupa
tindakan perlakuan sesuai jenis Buah Segar atau Sayuran Buah
Segar.
(3) Perlakuan sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (2) untuk mencegah
infestasi lalat buah pada Buah Segar atau Sayuran Buah Segar.
Pasal 6
Jenis Buah Segar atau Sayuran Buah Segar, lalat buah, dan perlakuan
seperti tercantum pada Lampiran sebagai bagian tidak terpisahkan
dengan Peraturan ini.
Pasal 7
(1) Pemasukan Buah Segar atau Sayuran Buah Segar sebagaimana
dimaksud dalam Pasal 4 selain memenuhi persyaratan teknis,
sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 5 harus memenuhi ketentuan
persyaratan keamanan pangan segar asal tumbuhan.
(2) Persyaratan keamanan pangan sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (1)
mengikuti ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang
keamanan pangan segar asal tumbuhan.
BAB II
TINDAKAN KARANTINA TUMBUHAN
Pasal 8
(1) Buah Segar atau Sayuran Buah Segar yang dimasukkan ke dalam
wilayah negara Republik Indonesia, wajib:
a. dilengkapi Sertifikat Kesehatan Tumbuhan dari negara asal dan
negara transit;
b. melalui Tempat Pemasukan yang ditetapkan; dan
c. dilaporkan dan diserahkan kepada Petugas Karantina di Tempat
Pemasukan untuk keperluan tindakan karantina tumbuhan.
(2) Sertifikat Kesehatan Tumbuhan sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (1)
huruf a wajib memuat pernyataan:
a. Buah Segar atau Sayuran Buah Segar berasal dari area produksi
yang bebas dari infestasi lalat buah; atau
b. Buah Segar atau Sayuran Buah Segar telah dilakukan tindakan
perlakuan di negara asal.
(3) Pernyataan sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (2) huruf a, wajib bagi
pemasukan Buah Segar atau Sayuran Buah Segar berasal dari area
produksi di negara asal yang bebas dari infestasi lalat buah, dan
dinyatakan pada kolom keterangan tambahan (additional declaration).
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(4) Pernyataan sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (2) huruf b, wajib bagi pemasukan Buah Segar atau Sayuran Buah Segar berasal dari area produksi di negara asal yang tidak bebas dari infestasi lalat buah, dan dinyatakan pada kolom perlakuan.
Pasal 9
(1) Pemilik atau Kuasanya wajib melaporkan dan menyerahkan Buah Segar dan/atau Sayuran Buah Segar kepada Petugas Karantina di tempat pemasukan.
(2) Laporan sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (1) dilakukan paling lambat saat kedatangan Buah Segar dan/atau Sayuran Buah Segar tiba di Tempat Pemasukan, dengan di lengkapi dokumen yang dipersyaratkan.
Pasal 10
(1) Petugas Karantina melakukan tindakan pemeriksaan administratif terhadap dokumen yang dipersyaratkan untuk mengetahui kelengkapan, kebenaran dan keabsahan dokumen.
(2) Dalam hal hasil pemeriksaan administratif terhadap Sertifikat Kesehatan Tumbuhan sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (1) Buah Segar atau Sayuran Buah Segar berasal dari area produksi:
a. bebas, terbukti tidak mencantumkan pernyataan berasal dari area produksi di negara asal yang bebas dari infestasi lalat buah; atau
b. tidak bebas, terbukti tidak mencantumkan telah dilakukan tindakan perlakuan;
dilakukan penolakan
Pasal 11
Dalam hal hasil pemeriksaan administratif sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 10 terbukti:
a. tidak lengkap dilakukan penahanan; b. lengkap, sah dan benar, dilakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan.
Pasal 12
(1) Pemeriksaan kesehatan sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 11 huruf b dilakukan untuk mendeteksi kemungkinan adanya OPTK dan mengetahui kondisi fisik Buah Segar atau Sayuran Buah Segar.
(2) Dalam hal hasil pemeriksaan kesehatan sebagaimana dimaksud pada
ayat (1), terbukti:
a. tidak bebas OPTK golongan I, busuk atau rusak, dilakukan tindakan pemusnahan;
b. tidak bebas OPTK golongan II, diberi perlakuan; atau c. bebas OPTK, dilakukan pembebasan.
(3) Pembebasan sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (2) huruf c, dapat dilakukan apabila Buah Segar atau Sayuran Buah Segar memenuhi ketentuan peraturan perundangan di bidang keamanan pangan segar asal tumbuhan.
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Pasal 13
Tindakan pemeriksaan administratif, pemeriksaan kesehatan, penahanan, penolakan, perlakuan, pemusnahan dan pembebasan sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 10, Pasal 11 dan Pasal 12 dilakukan sesuai ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan.
BAB III TEMPAT PEMASUKAN
Pasal 14
(1) Tempat Pemasukan Buah Segar dan Sayuran Buah Segar sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 8 ayat (1) huruf b, terdiri atas :
a. Pelabuhan Laut Tanjung Perak, Surabaya; b. Pelabuhan Laut Belawan, Medan; c. Bandar Udara Soekarno-Hatta, Jakarta;dan d. Pelabuhan Laut Soekarno-Hatta, Makassar.
(2) Selain Tempat Pemasukan sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (1),
Tempat Pemasukan yang ditetapkan berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan di bidang Kawasan Perdagangan Bebas dan Pelabuhan Bebas dapat dipergunakan sebagai Tempat Pemasukan
untuk Buah Segar dan Sayuran Buah Segar.
(3) Pemasukan Buah Segar dan Sayuran Buah Segar melalui Tempat Pemasukan sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (2) dapat di lakukan hanya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan konsumsi dan dilarang diedarkan di luar Kawasan Perdagangan Bebas dan Pelabuhan Bebas.
(4) Ketentuan Tempat Pemasukan sebagaimana dimaksud pada ayat (1) tidak berlaku terhadap pemasukan Buah Segar atau Sayuran Buah Segar yang berasal dari area produksi bebas infestasi lalat buah di negara asal yang telah ditetapkan sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 4, atau negara yang telah diakui sistem keamanan pangannya.
BAB IV
KETENTUAN PERALIHAN
Pasal 15
Area produksi di negara asal bebas dari infestasi lalat buah yang telah ditetapkan sebelum Peraturan ini dinyatakan masih tetap berlaku sepanjang tidak bertentangan dengan Peraturan ini.
BAB V
KETENTUAN PENUTUP
Pasal 16
Dengan diberlakukannya Peraturan ini, Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 37/Kpts/HK.060/1/2006 jis Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 89/Permentan/OT.140/12/2011 dan Peraturan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 15/Permentan/OT.140/3/2012 dicabut dan dinyatakan tidak berlaku lagi.
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Pasal 17
Peraturan ini mulai berlaku pada tanggal 19 Juni 2012. Agar setiap orang mengetahuinya, Peraturan Menteri Pertanian ini diundangkan dengan penempatannya dalam Berita Negara Republik Indonesia. Ditetapkan di Jakarta pada tanggal 13 Juni 2012 MENTERI PERTANIAN, SUSWONO Diundangkan di Jakarta pada tanggal 15 Juni 2012 MENTERI HUKUM DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA REPUBLIK INDONESIA, AMIR SYAMSUDIN BERITA NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA TAHUN 2012 NOMOR 631
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LAMPIRAN PERATURAN MENTERI PERTANIAN NOMOR : 42/Permentan/OT.140/6/2012 TANGGAL : 13 Juni 2012
JENIS BUAH SEGAR DAN SAYURAN BUAH SEGAR, LALAT BUAH
DAERAH SEBAR DAN TINDAKAN PERLAKUAN
NO.
BUAH SEGAR DAN SAYURAN BUAH SEGAR
LALAT BUAH
DAERAH SEBAR
PERLAKUAN
1
Alpokat (Avocado), Persea americana
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly Anastrepha ludens (Loew); (=Acrotoxa ludens =Trypeta ludens);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mexican fruitfly
Anastrepha serpentina Wied.; (=Dacus serpentinus =Leptoxys serpentina =Acrotoxa serpentinus =Trypeta serpentina =Urophora vittithorax); Diptera: Tephritidae;
sapodilla fruitfly, sapote fruitfly, dark fruitfly, black fruitfly,
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, USA. America : Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Equador, Guyana France, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA,Venezuela
1. Pendinginan (Cold
Treatment) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/4 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT) : 44oC/360 menit; atau
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
2
orange fruitfly Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly Bactrocera passiflorae (Frog); (=Bactrocera passiflorae =Chaetodacus passiflorae =Dacus passiflorae =Strumeta passiflorae);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fijian fruitfly Bactrocera kandiensis Drew &Hancock; (=Bactrocera sp. near dorsalis); Diptera: Tephritidae; Sri
Lankan fruitfly Bactrocera kinabalu Drew & Hancock; Diptera: Tephritidae; Kinabalu fruitfly
Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly
America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Oceania: Australia Oceania: Fiji, Niue, Tonga, Tuvalu, Wallis-Futuna Asia: Sri Lanka Asia: Malaysia Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia.
3
Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly Ceratitis cosyra (Wlk.); (=Ceratitis giffardi =Pardalaspis cosyra =P.giffardi =P.giffardi var. sarcocephali =P.parinarii =P.sarcocephali =Trypeta cosyra);
Diptera: Tephritidae; mango
Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, congo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia. Africa: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Africa Tengah, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Kenya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra
4
fruitfly, marula fruitfly Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly.
Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
2
Anggur (Grape), Vitis vinifera
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera: Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen
1. Pendinginan (Cold
Treatment) : 2 – 3o C/14 – 16 hari; atau
2. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT) : 44oC/360 menit; atau
3. Iradiasi : 150 gray
5
Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly
Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia. Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
3
Apel (Apple), Pyrus malus, Malus domesticum
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay,
1. Pendinginan (Cold
Treatment) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
6
unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly Anastrepha ludens (Loew); (=Acrotoxa ludens =Trypeta ludens);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mexican fruitfly Anastrepha serpentina Wied.; (=Dacus serpentinus =Leptoxys serpentina =Acrotoxa serpentinus =Trypeta serpentina =Urophora vittithorax); Diptera: Tephritidae;
sapodilla fruitfly, sapote fruitfly, dark fruitfly, black fruitfly, orange fruitfly
Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly
Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni
Venezuela. America : Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nikaragua, USA. America : Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Equador, Guyana France, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA,Venezuela America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Oceania: Australia Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia.
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/4 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT) : 44oC/360 menit; atau
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
7
=Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera: Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly
Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Congo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia. Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland,
8
Rhagoletis cerasi L; (=Musca cerasi =Rhagoletis cerasi fasciata =R.cerasi nigripes =R.cerasi obsoleta =R.obsoleta =Spilographa cerasi =Tephritis cerasi =Trypeta signata =Urophora cerasorum =Urophora liturata); Diptera: Tephritidae;
European ceri fly, ceri fruitfly
Rhagoletis cingulata (Loew.); (=Trypeta cingulata); Diptera:
Tephritidae; ceri fruitfly
Rhagoletis fausta Osten Sacken; (=Acidia fausta =Rhagoletis intrudens =Trypeta (Acidia) fausta =T.fausta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
black (dark) ceri fruitfly Rhagoletis pomonella Walsh.; (=Rhagoletis symphoricarpi =Spilographa pomonella =Trypeta pomonella =Zonosema pomonella);
Diptera: Tephritidae; apple maggot fly, railroad worm. Rioxa pornia (Welder.); Diptera: Tephritides; Icelandian fruitfly
Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Asia: Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan Europe: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech, Slovakia, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Netherlands, Norwegia, Polandia, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Spain, Swedia, Swiss, Ukraina, Yugoslavia. America : Canada, Mexico, USA. America : Canada, USA America : Canada, Mexico, USA Oceania: Australia, , France Polynesia, New Caledonia, Fiji,
9
Samoa America.
4
Aprikot (Apricot), Prunus armeniaca, P. americana
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae; South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi); Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin,
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatment) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT) : 44oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
10
Ceratitis quinaria (Bezzi); (=Pardalaspis quinaria); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Rhodesian fruitfly Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera: Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly Rhagoletis cerasi L; (=Musca cerasi =Rhagoletis cerasi fasciata =R.cerasi nigripes =R.cerasi obsoleta
Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia. Asia: Yemen Africa: Botswana, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Sudan, Zimbabwe Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe Asia: Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
11
=R.obsoleta =Spilographa cerasi =Tephritis cerasi =Trypeta signata =Urophora cerasorum =Urophora liturata); Diptera: Tephritidae;
European ceri fly, ceri fruitfly
Rhagoletis cingulata (Loew.); (=Trypeta cingulata); Diptera:
Tephritidae; ceri fruitfly Rhagoletis fausta Osten Sacken; (=Acidia fausta =Rhagoletis intrudens =Trypeta (Acidia) fausta =T.fausta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
black (dark) ceri fruitfly
Rhagoletis pomonella Walsh.; (=Rhagoletis symphoricarpi =Spilographa pomonella =Trypeta pomonella =Zonosema pomonella);
Diptera: Tephritidae; apple maggot fly, railroad worm.
Europe: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech, Slovakia, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Netherlands, Norwegia, Polandia, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Spain, Swedia, Swiss, Ukraina, Yugoslavia. America : Canada, Mexico, USA. America : Canada, USA America : Canada, Mexico, USA
5
Arbei (Strawberry), Fragaria vesca
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela.
1. Pendinginan (Cold
Treatment) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT) :
12
43oC/360 menit; atau
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
6
Belimbing (Carambola, Star fruit), Averrhoa carambola
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly
Anastrepha obligua (Macq); (=Acrotoxa obliqua =Anastrepha fraterculus var. ligata =A.fraterculus var. mombinpraeoptans =A.mombinpraeoptans =Tephritis obliqua =A.acudisa =A. trinidadensis =Trypeta obliqua); Diptera: Tephritidae; West Indian fruitfly, Antillean fruitfly Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi);
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Brazil, Virgin Island, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Equador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Virgin Island, Venezuela. America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Oceania: Australia
1. Pendinginan (Cold
Treatment) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT): 44oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
13
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly Bactrocera kandiensis Drew &Hancock; (=Bactrocera sp. near dorsalis); Diptera: Tephritidae; Sri
Lankan fruitfly Bactrocera philipinensis Drew & Hancock; Diptera: Tephritidae; Phillipines fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly
Asia: Sri Lanka Asia: The Phillippines Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
7 Cabai (Red pepper, Bell pepper, Chilies), Capsicum annuum
Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly
Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia.
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatment) : 2 – 3o C/14 – 16 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
14
Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly
Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia. Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia,
3. Iradiasi : 150 gray
15
Zimbabwe.
8
Ceri (Cherry), Prunus cerasus, P. avium
Anastrepha serpentina Wied.; (=Dacus serpentinus =Leptoxys serpentina =Acrotoxa serpentinus =Trypeta serpentina =Urophora vittithorax); Diptera: Tephritidae;
sapodilla fruitfly, sapote fruitfly, dark fruitfly, black fruitfly, orange fruitfly
Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera: Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Rhagoletis cerasi L; (=Musca cerasi =Rhagoletis cerasi fasciata =R.cerasi nigripes =R.cerasi obsoleta =R.obsoleta =Spilographa cerasi =Tephritis cerasi =Trypeta signata =Urophora cerasorum =Urophora liturata); Diptera: Tephritidae;
European ceri fly, ceri fruitfly
America : Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Equador, Guyana France, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA,Venezuela America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Asia: Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan Europe: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech, Slovakia, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Netherlands, Norwegia, Polandia, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Spain, Swedia, Swiss, Ukraina, Yugoslavia.
1. Pendinginan (Cold
Treatment) : 2 – 3o C/14 -16 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Iradiasi : 150 gray
16
Rhagoletis cingulata (Loew.); (=Trypeta cingulata); Diptera:
Tephritidae; ceri fruitfly Rhagoletis fausta Osten Sacken; (=Acidia fausta =Rhagoletis intrudens =Trypeta (Acidia) fausta =T.fausta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
black (dark) ceri fruitfly
Rhagoletis pomonella Walsh.; (=Rhagoletis symphoricarpi =Spilographa pomonella =Trypeta pomonella =Zonosema pomonella);
Diptera: Tephritidae; apple maggot fly, railroad worm.
America : Canada, Mexico, USA. America : Canada, USA America : Canada, Mexico, USA
9 Delima (Pomegranate), Punica granatum
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly
Anastrepha ludens (Loew); (=Acrotoxa ludens =Trypeta ludens);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mexican fruitfly Anastrepha suspensa Loew.;
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nikaragua, US America : Virgin Island, Cuba,
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatment) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/4 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT): 44oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
17
(=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly Bactrocera kandiensis Drew &Hancock; (=Bactrocera sp. near dorsalis); Diptera: Tephritidae; Sri
Lankan fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Oceania: Australia Asia: Sri Lanka Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil,
18
Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia.
10
Fig (Fig), Ficus carica
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly
Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatment) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/4 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT): 44oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
11
Jambu air (Star apple),
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador,
1. Pendinginan (Cold
Treatment) :
19
Eugenia (= Syzigium) aquea
braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly Anastrepha obligua (Macq); (=Acrotoxa obliqua =Anastrepha fraterculus var. ligata =A.fraterculus var. mombinpraeoptans =A.mombinpraeoptans =Tephritis obliqua =A.acudisa =A. trinidadensis =Trypeta obliqua); Diptera: Tephritidae; West Indian fruitfly, Antillean fruitfly
Anastrepha ludens (Loew); (=Acrotoxa ludens =Trypeta ludens);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mexican fruitfly Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly,
Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Brazil, Virgin Island, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominica, Equador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Kep Virgin, Venezuela. America : Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nikaragua, US America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Oceania: Australia
2 – 3o C/14 -16 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT): 43oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
20
Jarvis’s fruitfly Bactrocera kandiensis Drew &Hancock; (=Bactrocera sp. near dorsalis); Diptera: Tephritidae; Sri Lankan fruitfly Bactrocera psidii (Frog); (=Dacus psidii =D.ornatissimus =D.virgatus =Strumeta psidii =Tephritis psidii);
Diptera: Tephritidae; southsea guava fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
Asia: Sri Lanka Oceania: New Caledonia
Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint
21
Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia.
12
Jambu biji (Guava), Psidium guajava
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly
Anastrepha ludens (Loew); (=Acrotoxa ludens =Trypeta ludens);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mexican fruitfly Anastrepha obligua (Macq); (=Acrotoxa obliqua =Anastrepha fraterculus var. ligata =A.fraterculus var. mombinpraeoptans =A.mombinpraeoptans =Tephritis obliqua =A.acudisa =A.
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nikaragua, USA. America : Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Brazil, Virgin Island, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominica, Equador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat,
1. Pendinginan (Cold
Treatment) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/4 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Tretment (VHT): 44oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
22
trinidadensis =Trypeta obliqua); Diptera: Tephritidae; West Indian fruitfly, Antillean fruitfly
Anastrepha serpentina Wied.; (=Dacus serpentinus =Leptoxys serpentina =Acrotoxa serpentinus =Trypeta serpentina =Urophora vittithorax); Diptera: Tephritidae;
sapodilla fruitfly, sapote fruitfly, dark fruitfly, black fruitfly, orange fruitfly Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly Bactrocera caryeae (Kapoor); Diptera: Tephritidae; Indian fruitfly Bactrocera passiflorae (Frog); (=Bactrocera passiflorae =Chaetodacus passiflorae =Dacus passiflorae =Strumeta passiflorae);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fijian fruitfly
Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Kep Virgin, Venezuela America : Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Equador, Guyana France, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA,Venezuela America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Oceania: Australia Asia: India, Sri Lanka. Oceania: Fiji, Niue, Tonga, Tuvalu, Wallis-Futuna.
23
Bactrocera kandiensis Drew &Hancock; (=Bactrocera sp. near dorsalis); Diptera: Tephritidae; Sri Lankan fruitfly Bactrocera philipinensis Drew & Hancock; Diptera: Tephritidae; Phillipines fruitfly Bactrocera psidii (Frog); (=Dacus psidii =D.ornatissimus =D.virgatus =Strumeta psidii =Tephritis psidii);
Diptera: Tephritidae; southsea guava fruitfly Bactrocera pyrifolia Drew & Hancock; Diptera: Tephritidae; pyrifolia fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
Asia: Sri Lanka Asia:The Philippines Oceania: New Caledonia
Asia: Thailand Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen
24
Ceratitis cosyra (Wlk.); (=Ceratitis giffardi =Pardalaspis cosyra =P.giffardi =P.giffardi var. sarcocephali =P.parinarii =P.sarcocephali =Trypeta cosyra); Diptera: Tephritidae; mango fruitfly, marula fruitfly
Ceratitis punctata (Wied.); (=Pardalaspis punctata =P.senegalensis =Tephritis senegalensis); Diptera: Tephritidae;
cacao fruitfly
Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia Africa: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Africa Tengah, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Kenya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Zambia, Zimbabwe Africa: Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ghana, Kenya, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa,Tanzania,Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
25
Ceratitis quinaria (Bezzi); (=Pardalaspis quinaria); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Rhodesian fruitfly Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly
Asia: Yemen Africa: Botswana, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Sudan, Zimbabwe Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
13
Jenis Jambu-jambuan lainnya, Eugenia spp., Syzigium spp.
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae; South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly
Anastrepha ludens (Loew); (=Acrotoxa ludens =Trypeta ludens);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mexican fruitfly Anastrepha obligua (Macq); (=Acrotoxa obliqua =Anastrepha fraterculus var. ligata =A.fraterculus var. mombinpraeoptans =A.mombinpraeoptans =Tephritis
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nikaragua, USA. America : Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Brazil, Virgin Island, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Equador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica,
1. Pendinginan (Cold
Treatment) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/4 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT): 44oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
26
obliqua =A.acudisa =A. trinidadensis =Trypeta obliqua); Diptera: Tephritidae; West Indian fruitfly, Antillean fruitfly
Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi); Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly Bactrocera kandiensis Drew &Hancock; (=Bactrocera sp. near dorsalis); Diptera: Tephritidae; Sri
Lankan fruitfly Bactrocera philipinensis Drew & Hancock; Diptera: Tephritidae; Phillipines fruitfly Bactrocera psidii (Frog); (=Dacus psidii =D.ornatissimus =D.virgatus =Strumeta psidii =Tephritis psidii);
Diptera: Tephritidae; southsea guava fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus
Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Oceania: Australia Asia: Sri Lanka Asia: The Philippines Oceania: New Caledonia
Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia.
27
sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya,
28
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly
Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
14 Jeruk (Orange), Citrus spp.
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly
Anastrepha ludens (Loew); (=Acrotoxa ludens =Trypeta ludens);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mexican fruitfly Anastrepha obligua (Macq); (=Acrotoxa obliqua =Anastrepha fraterculus var. ligata =A.fraterculus var. mombinpraeoptans =A.mombinpraeoptans =Tephritis obliqua =A.acudisa =A. trinidadensis =Trypeta obliqua); Diptera: Tephritidae; West Indian fruitfly, Antillean fruitfly Anastrepha serpentina Wied.; (=Dacus serpentinus =Leptoxys
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nikaragua, USA. America : Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Brazil, Virgin Island, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominica, Equador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela America : Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica,
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatment) : 2 – 3o C/16 - 18 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Iradiasi : 150 gray
29
serpentina =Acrotoxa serpentinus =Trypeta serpentina =Urophora vittithorax); Diptera: Tephritidae;
sapodilla fruitfly, sapote fruitfly, dark fruitfly, black fruitfly, orange fruitfly
Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly Bactrocera caryeae (Kapoor); Diptera: Tephritidae; Indian fruitfly Bactrocera curvipennis (Frog); (=Bactrocera curvipennis =Chaetodacus curvipennis =Dacus curvipennis =Strumeta curvipennis);
Diptera: Tephritidae; banana fruitfly Bactrocera passiflorae (Frog); (=Bactrocera passiflorae =Chaetodacus passiflorae =Dacus passiflorae =Strumeta passiflorae);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fijian fruitfly Bactrocera kandiensis Drew
Equador, Guyana France, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA,Venezuela America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Oceania: Australia Asia: India, Sri Lanka. Oceania: New Caledonia, Vanuatu Oceania: Fiji, Niue, Tonga, Tuvalu, Wallis-Futuna. Asia: Sri Lanka
30
&Hancock; (=Bactrocera sp. near dorsalis); Diptera: Tephritidae; Sri
Lankan fruitfly Bactrocera philipinensis Drew & Hancock; Diptera: Tephritidae; Phillipines fruitfly Bactrocera psidii (Frog); (=Dacus psidii =D.ornatissimus =D.virgatus =Strumeta psidii =Tephritis psidii);
Diptera: Tephritidae; southsea guava fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly
Bactrocera tsuneonis (Miyake); (=Dacus cheni =D.tsuneonis =Tetradacus tsuneonis); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Japanese orange fly, citrus fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
Asia: The Philippines Oceania: New Caledonia
Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Asia: Cina, Japan, Vietnam Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi,
31
Ceratitis cosyra (Wlk.); (=Ceratitis giffardi =Pardalaspis cosyra =P.giffardi =P.giffardi var. sarcocephali =P.parinarii =P.sarcocephali =Trypeta cosyra);
Diptera: Tephritidae; mango fruitfly, marula fruitfly Ceratitis quinaria (Bezzi); (=Pardalaspis quinaria); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Rhodesian fruitfly
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia Africa: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Africa Tengah, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Kenya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Zambia, Zimbabwe Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
32
Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly Rioxa pornia (Welder.); Diptera: Tephritides; Icelandian fruitfly
Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe Oceania: Australia, , France Polynesia, New Caledonia, Fiji, Samoa America
15 Kedondong (Ottaheite or Golden Apple), Spondias spp.
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly
Anastrepha ludens (Loew); (=Acrotoxa ludens =Trypeta ludens);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mexican fruitfly Anastrepha obligua (Macq); (=Acrotoxa obliqua =Anastrepha fraterculus var. ligata =A.fraterculus var. mombinpraeoptans =A.mombinpraeoptans =Tephritis obliqua =A.acudisa =A. trinidadensis =Trypeta obliqua);
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nikaragua, USA. America : Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Brazil, Virgin Island, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Equador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru,
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatment) : 2 – 3o C/18 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/4 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT): 44oC/360 menit; atau
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
33
Diptera: Tephritidae; West Indian fruitfly, Antillean fruitfly
Anastrepha serpentina Wied.; (=Dacus serpentinus =Leptoxys serpentina =Acrotoxa serpentinus =Trypeta serpentina =Urophora vittithorax); Diptera: Tephritidae; sapodilla fruitfly, sapote fruitfly, dark fruitfly, black fruitfly, orange fruitfly
Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi); Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly Bactrocera kandiensis Drew &Hancock; (=Bactrocera sp. near dorsalis); Diptera: Tephritidae; Sri
Lankan fruitfly Bactrocera philipinensis Drew & Hancock; Diptera: Tephritidae; Phillipines fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus
Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela America : Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Equador, Guyana France, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA,Venezuela America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Oceania: Australia Asia: Sri Lanka Asia: The Philippines Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia.
34
sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia
16 Kesemek (Persimmon),
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador,
1. Pendinginan (Cold treatement) :
35
Diospyros kaki braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly
Anastrepha ludens (Loew); (=Acrotoxa ludens =Trypeta ludens);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mexican fruitfly Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly
Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nikaragua, USA. America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Oceania: Australia Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia.
2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Iradiasi : 150 gray
17 Kiwi (Kiwi), Actinidia deliciosa
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname,
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatment) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
36
=Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly
Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/4 jam; atau
3. Iradiasi : 150 gray
18 Kopi buah segar (fresh coffee berry), Coffea spp.
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly
Anastrepha ludens (Loew); (=Acrotoxa ludens =Trypeta ludens);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mexican fruitfly Anastrepha obligua (Macq); (=Acrotoxa obliqua =Anastrepha fraterculus var. ligata =A.fraterculus var. mombinpraeoptans =A.mombinpraeoptans =Tephritis obliqua =A.acudisa =A. trinidadensis =Trypeta obliqua); Diptera: Tephritidae; West Indian fruitfly, Antillean fruitfly
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nikaragua, USA. America : Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Brazil, Virgin Island, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominica, Equador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Kep Virgin, Venezuela
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT): 44oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
37
Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela.
38
Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly
Oceania: Australia Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
19 Kwinsi (Quince), Cydonia oblonga
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly
Anastrepha ludens (Loew); (=Acrotoxa ludens =Trypeta ludens);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mexican fruitfly
Anastrepha serpentina Wied.; (=Dacus serpentinus =Leptoxys serpentina =Acrotoxa serpentinus =Trypeta serpentina =Urophora vittithorax); Diptera: Tephritidae;
sapodilla fruitfly, sapote fruitfly, dark fruitfly, black fruitfly, orange fruitfly Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nikaragua, USA. America : Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Equador, Guyana France, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA,Venezuela Oceania: Australia
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT): 44oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
39
=D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras,
40
Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly
Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
20 Kurma buah segar (Fresh dates), Phoenix dactylifera
Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin,
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/4 jam; atau
3. Iradiasi : 150 gray
41
Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia
21 Kumkwat (Kumquat), Fortunella japonica
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.);
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Oceania: Australia
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Iradiasi : 150 gray
42
(=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles
43
Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia
22 Labu parang (Pumpkin), Cucurbita moschata
Bactrocera ciliatus Loew.; (=Dacus caryae); Diptera:
Tephritidae; lesser melon fly Bactrocera depressa (Shiraki); (=Bactrocera (Paradacus) depressa =B.depressus =Dacus depressus =Paradacus depressus =Zeugodacus depressus); Diptera: Tephritidae;
fruitfly
Asia: Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Saudi Arabia, Yaman, Iran Africa: Angola, Botswana, Cameroon, Chad, Dahomey, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Northwest Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Madagaskar, Mauritius, Reunion Asia: Cina (Taiwan), Japan, Korea
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Iradiasi : 150 gray
23 Leci (Litchi), Nephelium litchi, Litchi sinensis
Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia,
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT): 46oC/10 menit;
4. Iradiasi :
44
Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia
150 gray
24 Lokwat (Loquat), Eriobotrya japonica
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly
Anastrepha obligua (Macq); (=Acrotoxa obliqua =Anastrepha fraterculus var. ligata =A.fraterculus var. mombinpraeoptans =A.mombinpraeoptans =Tephritis obliqua =A.acudisa =A. trinidadensis =Trypeta obliqua); Diptera: Tephritidae; West Indian fruitfly, Antillean fruitfly
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Brazil, Virgin Island, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominica, Equador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad-
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT): 44oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
45
Anastrepha serpentina Wied.; (=Dacus serpentinus =Leptoxys serpentina =Acrotoxa serpentinus =Trypeta serpentina =Urophora vittithorax); Diptera: Tephritidae;
sapodilla fruitfly, sapote fruitfly, dark fruitfly, black fruitfly, orange fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
Tobago, Venezuela America : Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Equador, Guyana France, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA,Venezuela Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique,
46
Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly
Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
25 Mangga, (Mango), Mangifera indica
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly Anastrepha ludens (Loew); (=Acrotoxa ludens =Trypeta ludens);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mexican
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nikaragua, USA.
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT): 46oC/30 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
47
fruitfly Anastrepha obligua (Macq); (=Acrotoxa obliqua =Anastrepha fraterculus var. ligata =A.fraterculus var. mombinpraeoptans =A.mombinpraeoptans =Tephritis obliqua =A.acudisa =A. trinidadensis =Trypeta obliqua); Diptera: Tephritidae; West Indian fruitfly, Antillean fruitfly Anastrepha serpentina Wied.; (=Dacus serpentinus =Leptoxys serpentina =Acrotoxa serpentinus =Trypeta serpentina =Urophora vittithorax); Diptera: Tephritidae;
sapodilla fruitfly, sapote fruitfly, dark fruitfly, black fruitfly, orange fruitfly
Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae; Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly Bactrocera kandiensis Drew
America : Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Brazil, Virgin Island, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominica, Equador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela America : Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Equador, Guyana France, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA,Venezuela America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Oceania: Australia Asia: Sri Lanka
48
&Hancock; (=Bactrocera sp. near dorsalis); Diptera: Tephritidae; Sri
Lankan fruitfly Bactrocera philipinensis Drew & Hancock; Diptera: Tephritidae; Phillipines fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
Asia: The Philippines Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil,
49
Bactrocera caryeae (Kapoor); Diptera: Tephritidae; Indian fruitfly Bactrocera curvipennis (Frog); (=Bactrocera curvipennis =Chaetodacus curvipennis =Dacus curvipennis =Strumeta curvipennis);
Diptera: Tephritidae; banana fruitfly Bactrocera kandiensis Drew &Hancock; (=Bactrocera sp. near dorsalis); Diptera: Tephritidae; Sri
Lankan fruitfly Bactrocera psidii (Frog); (=Dacus psidii =D.ornatissimus =D.virgatus =Strumeta psidii =Tephritis psidii);
Diptera: Tephritidae; southsea guava fruitfly Ceratitis cosyra (Wlk.); (=Ceratitis giffardi =Pardalaspis cosyra =P.giffardi =P.giffardi var. sarcocephali =P.parinarii
Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia Asia: India, Sri Lanka. Oceania: New Caledonia, Vanuatu Asia: Sri Lanka Oceania: New Caledonia
Africa: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Africa Tengah, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Kenya,
50
=P.sarcocephali =Trypeta cosyra);
Diptera: Tephritidae; mango fruitfly, marula fruitfly Ceratitis punctata (Wied.); (=Pardalaspis punctata =P.senegalensis =Tephritis senegalensis); Diptera: Tephritidae;
cacao fruitfly Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly
Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Africa: Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ghana, Kenya, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa,Tanzania,Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
26 Manggis (Mangosteen), Garcinia mangostana
Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae; Carribean fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata); Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA.
Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia,
1. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/4 jam; atau
2. Iradiasi : 150 gray
51
Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly
Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
27 Markisa (Granadilla or Passion fruit), Passiflora quadrangularis, Passiflora spp.
Anastrepha ludens (Loew); (=Acrotoxa ludens =Trypeta ludens);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mexican fruitfly Anastrepha obligua (Macq); (=Acrotoxa obliqua =Anastrepha fraterculus var. ligata =A.fraterculus var.
America : Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nikaragua, USA. America : Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Brazil, Virgin Island, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominica, Equador,
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Iradiasi :
52
mombinpraeoptans =A.mombinpraeoptans =Tephritis obliqua =A.acudisa =A. trinidadensis =Trypeta obliqua); Diptera: Tephritidae; West Indian fruitfly, Antillean fruitfly Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela Oceania: Australia Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia,
150 gray
53
Rioxa pornia (Welder.); Diptera: Tephritides; Icelandian fruitfly
Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia Oceania: Australia, , France Polynesia, New Caledonia, Fiji, Samoa America.
28 Murbei (Mulberry), Morrus spp.
Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi,
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Iradiasi : 150 gray
54
Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia
29 Nangka (Jackfruit), Artocarpus integra, Artocarpus spp.
Bactrocera kandiensis Drew &Hancock; (=Bactrocera sp. near dorsalis); Diptera: Tephritidae; Sri
Lankan fruitfly Bactrocera philipinensis Drew & Hancock; Diptera: Tephritidae; Phillipines fruitfly
Asia: Sri Lanka Asia: The Philippines
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/4 jam; atau
3. Iradiasi : 150 gray
30 Nona (Bullock’s heart), Annona reticulate
Sirsak
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay,
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br
55
(Soursop), Annona muricata
Sarikaya (Sweetsop), Annona squamosa
unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly Anastrepha ludens (Loew); (=Acrotoxa ludens =Trypeta ludens);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mexican fruitfly Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly Bactrocera kandiensis Drew &Hancock; (=Bactrocera sp. near dorsalis); Diptera: Tephritidae; Sri
Lankan fruitfly Bactrocera psidii (Frog); (=Dacus psidii =D.ornatissimus =D.virgatus =Strumeta psidii =Tephritis psidii);
Diptera: Tephritidae; southsea guava fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni
Venezuela. America : Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nikaragua, USA. America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Oceania: Australia Asia: Sri Lanka Oceania: New Caledonia
Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia.
Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Iradiasi : 150 gray
56
=Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly Ceratitis cosyra (Wlk.); (=Ceratitis giffardi =Pardalaspis cosyra =P.giffardi =P.giffardi var. sarcocephali =P.parinarii
Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia. Africa: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Africa Tengah, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Kenya,
57
=P.sarcocephali =Trypeta cosyra);
Diptera: Tephritidae; mango fruitfly, marula fruitfly Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly
Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Zambia, Zimbabwe Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
31 Pepaya (Pawpaw or Fructa bomba), Carica papaya
Anastrepha ludens (Loew); (=Acrotoxa ludens =Trypeta ludens);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mexican fruitfly
Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly
Bactrocera kandiensis Drew &Hancock; (=Bactrocera sp. near dorsalis); Diptera: Tephritidae; Sri
Lankan fruitfly Bactrocera passiflorae (Frog); (=Bactrocera passiflorae =Chaetodacus passiflorae =Dacus passiflorae =Strumeta passiflorae);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fijian fruitfly Bactrocera philipinensis Drew &
America : Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nikaragua, USA. Oceania: Australia Asia: Sri Lanka Oceania: Fiji, Niue, Tonga, Tuvalu, Wallis-Futuna Asia: The Philippines
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT): 46oC/30 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
58
Hancock; Diptera: Tephritidae; Phillipines fruitfly
Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata); Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles
59
Toxotrypana curvicauda Gerst.; (=Mikimyia furcifera =Toxotrypana fairbatesi); Diptera: Tephritidae
papaya fruitfly
Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia America : Bahamas, Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Virgin Island, Venezuela.
31 Persik (Peach), Prunus persica
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly Anastrepha serpentina Wied.; (=Dacus serpentinus =Leptoxys serpentina =Acrotoxa serpentinus =Trypeta serpentina =Urophora vittithorax); Diptera: Tephritidae;
sapodilla fruitfly, sapote fruitfly, dark fruitfly, black fruitfly, orange fruitfly Bactrocera psidii (Frog); (=Dacus psidii =D.ornatissimus =D.virgatus =Strumeta psidii =Tephritis psidii);
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Equador, Guyana France, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA,Venezuela Oceania: New Caledonia
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT): 44oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
60
Diptera: Tephritidae; southsea guava fruitfly
Bactrocera pyrifolia Drew & Hancock; Diptera: Tephritidae; pyrifolia fruitfly
Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
Asia: Thailand Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El
61
Ceratitis cosyra (Wlk.); (=Ceratitis giffardi =Pardalaspis cosyra =P.giffardi =P.giffardi var. sarcocephali =P.parinarii =P.sarcocephali =Trypeta cosyra);
Diptera: Tephritidae; mango fruitfly, marula fruitfly Ceratitis quinaria (Bezzi); (=Pardalaspis quinaria); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Rhodesian fruitfly Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly Rhagoletis cerasi L; (=Musca cerasi =Rhagoletis cerasi fasciata =R.cerasi nigripes =R.cerasi obsoleta =R.obsoleta =Spilographa cerasi =Tephritis cerasi =Trypeta signata =Urophora cerasorum =Urophora liturata); Diptera: Tephritidae;
European ceri fly, ceri fruitfly
Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia Africa: Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Africa Tengah, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ivory Coast, Guinea, Kenya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Asia: Yemen Africa: Botswana, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Sudan, Zimbabwe Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Asia: Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan Europe: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech, Slovakia, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Netherlands, Norwegia,
62
Rhagoletis cingulata (Loew.); (=Trypeta cingulata); Diptera:
Tephritidae; ceri fruitfly Rhagoletis fausta Osten Sacken; (=Acidia fausta =Rhagoletis intrudens =Trypeta (Acidia) fausta =T.fausta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
black (dark) ceri fruitfly Rhagoletis pomonella Walsh.; (=Rhagoletis symphoricarpi =Spilographa pomonella =Trypeta pomonella =Zonosema pomonella);
Diptera: Tephritidae; apple maggot fly, railroad worm Rioxa pornia (Welder.); Diptera: Tephritides; Icelandian fruitfly
Polandia, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Spain, Swedia, Swiss, Ukraina, Yugoslavia America : Canada, Mexico, USA America : Canada, USA America : Canada, Mexico, USA Oceania: Australia, , France Polynesia, New Caledonia, Fiji, Samoa America.
32 Pir (Pear), Pyrus communis
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly
Anastrepha ludens (Loew);
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Belize, Costa Rica, El
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Iradiasi : 150 gray
63
(=Acrotoxa ludens =Trypeta ludens);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mexican fruitfly Anastrepha obligua (Macq); (=Acrotoxa obliqua =Anastrepha fraterculus var. ligata =A.fraterculus var. mombinpraeoptans =A.mombinpraeoptans =Tephritis obliqua =A.acudisa =A. trinidadensis =Trypeta obliqua); Diptera: Tephritidae; West Indian fruitfly, Antillean fruitfly
Anastrepha serpentina Wied.; (=Dacus serpentinus =Leptoxys serpentina =Acrotoxa serpentinus =Trypeta serpentina =Urophora vittithorax); Diptera: Tephritidae;
sapodilla fruitfly, sapote fruitfly, dark fruitfly, black fruitfly, orange fruitfly
Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly
Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nikaragua, USA. America : Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Brazil, Virgin Island, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominica, Equador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Kep Virgin, Venezuela America : Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Equador, Guyana France, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA,Venezuela America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Oceania: Australia
64
Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay,
65
Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly Rhagoletis cerasi L; (=Musca cerasi =Rhagoletis cerasi fasciata =R.cerasi nigripes =R.cerasi obsoleta =R.obsoleta =Spilographa cerasi =Tephritis cerasi =Trypeta signata =Urophora cerasorum =Urophora liturata); Diptera: Tephritidae;
European ceri fly, ceri fruitfly Rhagoletis cingulata (Loew.); (=Trypeta cingulata); Diptera:
Tephritidae; ceri fruitfly Rhagoletis fausta Osten Sacken; (=Acidia fausta =Rhagoletis intrudens =Trypeta (Acidia) fausta =T.fausta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
black (dark) ceri fruitfly Rhagoletis pomonella Walsh.; (=Rhagoletis symphoricarpi
Venezuela. Oceania: Australia Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Asia: Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan Europe: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech, Slovakia, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Netherlands, Norwegia, Polandia, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Spain, Swedia, Swiss, Ukraina, Yugoslavia America : Canada, Mexico, USA America : Canada, USA America : Canada, Mexico, USA
66
=Spilographa pomonella =Trypeta pomonella =Zonosema pomonella);
Diptera: Tephritidae; apple maggot fly, railroad worm Rioxa pornia (Welder.); Diptera: Tephritides; Icelandian fruitfly
Oceania: Australia, , France Polynesia, New Caledonia, Fiji, Samoa America.
33 Pisang (Banana, Plantain), Musa spp.
Bactrocera jarvisi (Tryon.); (=Afrodacus jarvisi =Dacus jarvisi =D.australis =Chaetodacus jarvisi);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Fiji fruitfly, Jarvis’s fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Bactrocera tsuneonis (Miyake); (=Dacus cheni =D.tsuneonis =Tetradacus tsuneonis); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Japanese orange fly, citrus fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly
Oceania: Australia Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Asia: Cina, Japan, Vietnam Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin,
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT) : 46oC/10 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
67
Rioxa pornia (Welder.); Diptera: Tephritides; Icelandian fruitfly
Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia Oceania: Australia, , France Polynesia, New Caledonia, Fiji, Samoa America
34 Plum (Plum), Prunus domesticum
Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Ceratitis capitata Wied; (=Ceratitis citriperda =Ceratitis hispanica =Tephritis capitata);
Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Europe: Albania, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Russian Federation,
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. VHT : 44oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi :
68
Diptera: Tephritidae; Mediterranean fruitfly, medfly Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly
Rhagoletis cerasi L; (=Musca cerasi =Rhagoletis cerasi fasciata =R.cerasi nigripes =R.cerasi obsoleta
Slovenia, Spain, Swiss, Yugoslavia. Asia: Israel, Yordania, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria,Turkey, Yemen Africa: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Democratic Republic of Congo, Kongo, Ivory Coast, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Libya, Madagaskar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Marocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Réunion, Saint Helena, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zimbabwe. America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. Oceania: Australia Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Asia: Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan
150 gray
69
=R.obsoleta =Spilographa cerasi =Tephritis cerasi =Trypeta signata =Urophora cerasorum =Urophora liturata); Diptera: Tephritidae;
European ceri fly, ceri fruitfly Rhagoletis cingulata (Loew.); (=Trypeta cingulata); Diptera:
Tephritidae; ceri fruitfly Rhagoletis fausta Osten Sacken; (=Acidia fausta =Rhagoletis intrudens =Trypeta (Acidia) fausta =T.fausta); Diptera: Tephritidae;
black (dark) ceri fruitfly Rhagoletis pomonella Walsh.; (=Rhagoletis symphoricarpi =Spilographa pomonella =Trypeta pomonella =Zonosema pomonella);
Diptera: Tephritidae; apple maggot fly, railroad worm Rioxa pornia (Welder.); Diptera: Tephritides; Icelandian fruitfly
Europe: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech, Slovakia, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Netherlands, Norwegia, Polandia, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Spain, Swedia, Swiss, Ukraina, Yugoslavia America : Canada, Mexico, USA America : Canada, USA America : Canada, Mexico, USA Oceania: Australia, , France Polynesia, New Caledonia, Fiji, Samoa America.
70
35
Rambutan (Rambutan), Nephelium lappaceum
Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly
Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia.
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHP) : 44oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
36 Sawo (Sapodilla), Achras zapota, Manilkara kauki
Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied).; (=Acrotoxa fraterculus =Anastrepha braziliensis =Anthomyia frutalis =Dacus fraterculus =Tephritis mellea =Trypeta fraterculus =Trypeta unicolor =Anastrepha peruviana =A.soluta); Diptera: Tephritidae; South American fruitfly, West Indian fruitfly Anastrepha obligua (Macq); (=Acrotoxa obliqua =Anastrepha fraterculus var. ligata =A.fraterculus var. mombinpraeoptans =A.mombinpraeoptans =Tephritis obliqua =A.acudisa =A. trinidadensis =Trypeta obliqua); Diptera: Tephritidae; West Indian fruitfly, Antillean fruitfly
America : Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Equador, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA, Uruguay, Venezuela. America : Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Brazil, Virgin Island, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominica, Equador, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat, Nikaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. VHT : 46oC/10 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
71
Anastrepha serpentina Wied.; (=Dacus serpentinus =Leptoxys serpentina =Acrotoxa serpentinus =Trypeta serpentina =Urophora vittithorax); Diptera: Tephritidae;
sapodilla fruitfly, sapote fruitfly, dark fruitfly, black fruitfly, orange fruitfly
Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly Bactrocera philipinensis Drew & Hancock; Diptera: Tephritidae; Phillipines fruitfly Ceratitis rosa Karsch.; (=Pterandrus rosa); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Natal fruitfly
America : Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominica, Equador, Guyana France, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Antilles Netherlands, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, USA,Venezuela America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA. Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia. Asia: The Philippines Africa: Angola, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Mauritius, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Réunion, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe
72
37 Terung (Aubergine, Eggplant), Solanum melongena
Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly
Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia.
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapour heat treatment (VHT) : 44oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
38 Tomat (Tomato), Lycopersicum esculentum
Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly
America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia.
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT) : 44oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
39 Zaitun (Olive), Olea europea subsp. europea
Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia.
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) :
73
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly
4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapout Heat Treatment (VHT) : 44oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
40 Mentimun dan kelompok Cucurbita lainnya Cucurbitaceae
Bactrocera ciliatus Loew.; (=Dacus caryae); Diptera:
Tephritidae; lesser melon fly Bactrocera depressa (Shiraki); (=Bactrocera (Paradacus) depressa =B.depressus =Dacus depressus =Paradacus depressus =Zeugodacus depressus); Diptera: Tephritidae;
fruitfly Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly
Asia: Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Saudi Arabia, Yaman, Iran Africa: Angola, Botswana, Cameroon, Chad, Dahomey, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Africa Barat Daya, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Madagaskar, Mauritius, Reunion. Asia: Cina (Taiwan), Japan, Korea Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia.
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT): 44oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
74
41 Paria (Bitter gourd, Balsam apple), Momordica charantia
Anastrepha suspensa Loew.; (=Anastrepha unipuncta =Trypeta suspensa); Diptera: Tephritidae;
Carribean fruitfly
Bactrocera tryoni (Frog.); (=Bactrocera tryoni =Chaetodacus sarcocephali =Chaetodacus tryoni =Dacus tryoni =D.ferrugineus tryoni =Strumeta melas =Strumeta tryoni =Tephritis tryoni); Diptera:
Tephritidae; Queensland fruitfly
America : Virgin Island, Cuba, Dominica, Guyana France, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, USA Oceania: Australia, Polynesia France, New Caledonia.
1. Pendinginan (Cold Treatement) : 2 – 3o C/16 – 20 hari; atau
2. Fumigasi (CH3Br Murni) : 4 lb/1000 ft3/21oC/2 jam; atau
3. Vapour Heat Treatment (VHT): 44oC/360 menit;
4. Iradiasi : 150 gray
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