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Welcome to PHOENIX CONTACT
PCWorx
Welcome to PHOENIX CONTACT
Software Architecture
Chapter 1Chapter 1Workspaces
Workspaces
Process dataassignmentassignment
IECiBus
configuration
programming
Projectcomparisoncomparison
Bus StructureWorkspaceWorkspace
Process Data Assignment WorkspaceAssignment Workspace
Project ComparisonWorkspaceWorkspace
IEC ProgrammingWorkspaceWorkspace
Connected Bus
Device Catalog
Excel Link
Diag+ 2.0
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Hardware Architecture
Chapter 2Chapter 2
Overview
Multitasking
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Communication PC - Control System
Chapter 3Chapter 3
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Communication PC - Control System
Chapter 3Chapter 3
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Communication Paths
SerialInterfaceInterface
TCP/IP
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Control System yNetwork Settings
Setting the IP Adress/Real-Time Clock on the Control SystemReal Time Clock on the Control System
ValidationValidationthrough
reset
Assigning the IP Address via BootP
BootP service(default upon
delivery)
Entering the MAC AddressActivating the BootP ServerActivating the BootP Server
See addresssticker
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Network Communication
Selecting the Network ConnectionNetwork Connection
Manualinput of anIP address
Connection via station
name
Editing theStation NamesStation Names
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IBS Configuration
Chapter 4Chapter 4
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Online Configuration
Read-In of the ConnectedBus SystemBus System
Inserting the DetectedDevicesDevices
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Offline Configuration
Insert Devices From Device CatalogFrom Device Catalog
Insert to same level
Insertto branch
Device ReplacementUsing the Device CatalogUsing the Device Catalog
Device replacemen
t
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Device Catalog and gDevice Files
Display
User-DefinedDevice CatalogDevice Catalog
Registration of Device Files(Import)(Import)
NEW
XML ICOXML
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PN Configuration
Chapter 5Chapter 5
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Basic Settingsg
Setting the Address Area
First IP addressLast IP addressSubnetmask
192.168.0.2192.168.0.254255.255.255.0
Importing Addresses
Direct IP Address Assignment
192.168.0.2
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Online/Offline Configuration
Offline Configuration
Online Configuration
Show Reachable Devices
Inserting Devices into the Project
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Device Settingsg
Transmission Intervals
Device Names
PROFINET Devices in the Network
PROFINET Device Naming
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Process Data as Variables
Chapter 6Chapter 6
Process Data Assignment WorkspaceAssignment Workspace
PLC address area
Modules ≈ Process d t it f th bdata items of the bus
1. Creating Process Data Variables
2. Connecting Process DataItems with Global VariablesItems with Global Variables
via Drag & Dropvia Drag & Drop
via context menu
Global Variableswith Process Data Connectionwith Process Data Connection
C tConnecteddd
CreatedCreated automatically
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Data Management
Chapter 9Chapter 9
Principle of Variable DeclarationDefinition of the identifier: Character set for symbols
Assigning a data type: IEC 61131 data types
Use of variables: keywords
Variable address: Data management
Pre-initializing the variable: SyntaxPre initializing the variable: Syntax
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Elementary Data yTypes in IEC 61131
Hierarchy of Data Types
ANY_DATE STRING
ELEMENTARYANY_NUM TIMEANY_BIT
REAL
ANY_REAL BOOL
BYTE
WORD
TIME_OF_DAY
DATE
DATE AND TIME
TIME STRING
LREAL
SINT
ANY_INT
WORD
DWORD
LWORD
DATE_AND_TIME
SINT
INT
DINT
USINT
UINT
LINT
UDINT
ULINT
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Constants - Literals
Syntax of Constants
<Data type>#<Basis>#<Constant value><Unit>
BYTE#2#0011_1001 Constant of the01
Tetradseparator
type BYTE inbinary
representation
Example for the Representationof Constantsof Constants
12 0 12 456 986I t t t #12456 -12 0 12_456 +986Integer constants
-12.0 0.0 0.456 +2.635e-12Real constants
Int#12456
Real#1.6e3
Word#12094Word constants Word#16#2F3
EWord#2#0010_1111_0011_11
10also
BYTE and DWORD
Bool constants Bool#1
Time#1 64 t#2d 14h 3 5
Bool#0 True False
Time constants Time#1.64s
t#2d_14h_3.5s
String constants String#‘Break?‘ ‘Right now, please!‘
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Use of Variables
Local Data
Global Data
Global VariablesLocal VariablesLocal Variables
POUvariable tables
Globalvariable tables
Localvariables
Interfacevariables
Globalvariables
Programinstance Project
- - - -VAR VAR_EXTERNAL_PG
VAR_EXTERNAL VAR_GLOBAL
VAR_GLOBAL_PG
VAR_INPUTVAR_OUTPUT VAR_EXTERNAL VAR_GLOBALVARVAR_IN_OUT
VAR_INPUT - - - -VAR
Overview ofUse of VariablesUse of Variables
Program Functionblock
Functionblock
Globallyusedvariables
VAR_EXTERNALVAR_EXTERNAL_PG
VAR_EXTERNALVAR_EXTERNAL_PGVAR EXTERNAL FB
Localinterface
_ _
VAR_INPUTVAR OUTPUT
VAR_INPUT(o tp t declaredinterface
variables
Local
VAR_OUTPUTVAR_IN_OUT
(output declaredseparately)
VARVAR VARvariables VARVAR VAR
Graphical Overview ofUse of VariablesUse of Variables
Program
FunctionBlock
GlobVarVAR INPUT
VAR_OUTPUT
LocVar
VARLocVar
InVar OutVar
_
LocVar
VAR_EXTERNA
Function
GlobVar
LLocVar
InVar
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Managing Variablesg g
Variable GroupsStandard
group
Edited:Groups forfunctionblocks
Edited:Groups forfunctionsfunctions
Edited:Groups forprograms
Variable DialogAccess to local variable table Access to global
variable tableLocal variable table
Global variable table
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Programming languages according to IEC 61131 3IEC 61131-3
Chapter 10Chapter 10
The IEC 61131-3 LanguagesInstruction list Structured Text
Function block diagramFunction block diagramSequential functional chart
Ladder diagram
Function Block Diagram (FBD)
• Graphical language, widely used in Europe• Programming elements in form of function blocksg g• Function blocks can be "wired" similarly as in a circuit diagram• Used in a variety of applications responsible for the flow of
information between control system components.
BC
ANDAB
Ladder Diagram (LD)
• Standardized limited set of programming• Standardized, limited set of programmingsymbols for relay control systems
• Based on the North-American programming style, similarto the US standard for drawing circuit diagramsto the US standard for drawing circuit diagrams
A B C--| |----| / |--------------( )--
Instruction List (IL)
• Assembler model using one accumulator• Assembler model, using one accumulator• Per line one command is allowed,
e.g. saving a value in the accumulator
LD A
ANDN B
ST C
Structured Text (ST)
• High level language structured through subprograms• High-level language, structured through subprograms • Syntax similar to PASCAL• Complex and nested instructions
C := A AND NOT B;
Sequential Function Chart (SFC)
Step 1
• Powerful, graphical programming language for describing the sequence b h i f t l Action 1Step 1behavior of control programs.
• Used for structuring control problems Transition 1
Action 1
Step 2 Action 2• Clearly arranged programming
language, allows for quick diagnostics
Step 2
Transition 2
Action 2
Step 3• Bacic elements: Steps with action
blocks and transitions
Step 3
• Supports alternative and parallel sequences
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Programming in PC WORX
Chapter 11Chapter 11
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Program gOrganization Units
Inserting POUs
Project tree – ViewPOUs
Insertingposition inproject tree
Onlyavailable foravailable for
functions
POU Properties
POU Groups
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Standard Functions
Standard Functions 1
…_TO_... ANYANYData type conversion
F ti ithABS … SQRT
ADD
ANY_REAL
ANY_NUM
ANY_REAL
ANY_NUM
Functions with a numercal variable
St d d ith ti ADD…
EXPT….
ANY_NUM
Standard arithmeticfunctions
SHL…
ROL
ANY_BIT
ANY_INT
ANY_BITStandard bit shiftfunctions
AND…
XOR
ANY_BITANY_BIT
….
ANY_BIT
Bit-wise booleanfunctions
Standard Functions 2
Selection functionsSEL…
ANYBOOL/ANY
….Selection functionsMUX
ANY
BOOLANY
Comparison functionsGT…NE
….
ANY
LEN…
FIND
ANY_BIT
ANY_INT
ANY_BITString functions
LEFT…
INSERT
ANY_DATE
ANY_DATE/ANY_INT
ANY_DATEString functions
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Standard Function Blocks
Standard Function Blocks 1
Fallingedge
Risingedge
Edge evaluationEdge evaluation
Bistable blocksBistable blocks (flipflops)
Primaryreset
Primarysetting
Standard Function Blocks 2Counter countingup/down
Counter counting
down
Counter counting
up
Counter
Timers
Impulse Switch off Switch onImpulse encoder
Switch-offdelay
Switch-ondelay
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FBD - Function Block Diagramm
Chapter 12Chapter 12
Language Elements of Function Block DiagramFunction Block Diagram
FB callFB callFU call
FeedbackGreen:ProjectFB/FU
NegatioNegation
Blue:Library
DiagramDiagramin
FB/FUFB/FU FB/FUExecution
order
Red:Firmware FB/FUFirmware FB/FU
of IECYellow:FB/FU not
found
Accessing Variables
F5Insertmark
Markedparameter
Accessing Functions
Accessing Function Blocks
Insertmark
Editing Blocks
3
21
4
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IL - Instruction List
Chapter 14Chapter 14
Language Elementsin Instruction Listin Instruction List
Ld I xInput1Ld I_xInput1AndN I_xInput2Not St Q_xAccess1 Ld xPulse
St CTU_Access.CULd iM i l
Assignmentsand operators
Ld iMinLimit iBasis, iMaxSt iCorrected
Ld iMaximumvalueSt CTU_Access.PVLd xStopSt CTU_Access.RESET
FU callsand arguments FB calls
d t
Ld I_xInput1JmpC JumpFlag
Cal CTU_Access
Ld CTU_Access.QVSt iDisplayLd CTU Access Q
and arguments
J pC Ju p ag…RetJumpFlag:Ld I_xInput2St Q A 1
Ld CTU_Access.QSt xFullConditional
processing
St Q_xAccess1
Assignment and Operators
Ld I I t1Loading an operand
Accumulator content
Ld I_xInput1
AndN I_xInput2
Loading an operandinto the accumulator
Linking the accumulator contentto the operand
E1
E1 * E2_
Or I_xInput3
pE1 * E2
E1 * E2 + E3
Linking the accumulator contentto the operand
St Q_xOutput1E1 * E2 + E3
Saving the accumulator contenton the target operand
Operators in Instruction List
LD
ANY ANY_NUM ANY_BIT
LDST
Load
SaveANDORXOR
And
Or
Exclusive Or
ADDSUBMUL
Addition
Subtraction
Multiplication
GT Greater than
XORNOT
Exclusive Or
Complement
MULDIV
Multiplication
DivisionANY_NUM and ANY_BIT
GEEQNE
Greater or equal
Equal
Not equal S SetJMPRET
JumpBOOL
NELELT
Not equal
Less or equal
Less than
SR Reset
RETCAL)
Return
FB call
Modifying the Operators
LdN I xInput1 E1 * E2 = E1 + E2LdN I_xInput1AndN I_xInput2And( I_xInput3NotOr I_xInput4)St Q_xOutput1
Function Calls
1. Operand explicitely loaded
Ld iMinLimit iQuantity, iMaxSt iCorrectionSt iCorrection
Ld wMinWord_To_Int
accumulator
1. Operand from the
accumulator_ _
Limit iQuantity, iMaxSt iCorrection
Editing in PC WORXInserting via the edit wizard
Comments asdummies
LD (* IN as ANY_BIT *)ROR (* N as ANY_INT *)ST (* Result as ANY BIT *) P tST (* Result as ANY_BIT *)
y
Parameter name and
data typeAfter editing by user
Ld wRawsizeRoR INT#8RoR INT#8St wRotates
Function Block Calls
Ld I_xInput1 Data import_St TON_Signal.INLd tDelayLd tDelaySt TON_Signal.PT
Calculation
Cal TON_Signal
Ld TON_Signal.QSt Q_xOutput1Ld
Data export
Ld TON_Signal.ETSt tSequence
Editing in PC WORXInserting
via theedit
wizarda dDeclaration
dialog
LD xActivate
After editing
LD (* BOOL *)ST TON_1.INLD (* TIME *)ST TON_1.PT
LD xActivateST TON_1.INLD TIME#250msST TON_1.PT
by the user
_CAL TON_1LD TON_1.QST (* BOOL *)LD TON_1.ET
CAL TON_1
LD TON_1.QST xDelayed_
ST (* TIME *)ST xDelayedLD TON_1.ETST tSequence
Conditional Code ExecutionJMP | RETJ |
Ld iRawsize
Skip markerGT iMaxJmpC TooGreatLd iRawsize
Conditional jump
Ld iRawsizeLT iMinJmpC TooSmallR t
Skip markerAbsolutefunction block Ret
TooGreat: Ld iMax
end
St iRawsizeRet
TooSmall: Ld iMinTooSmall: Ld iMinSt iRawsize
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LD - Ladder Diagram
Chapter 15Chapter 15
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Basic Elements
Editing in Ladder Diagram
s
Insert element
s
Switch-through options
Contact options
Coil optionsCoil options
Contact / Coil Dialog
Additional
g
Additional options
compared tovariable dialog
Functions and Function Blocksin Ladder Diagramin Ladder Diagram
FunctionFunctionsVariables blocksFunctionsVariables
Formatting the Ladder Diagram
Arrange leftpower rails
Arrange power railspower rails rails
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SFC - Sequential Function Chart
Chapter 16Chapter 16
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Basic Structure of the Sequential Function Chart
Sequential Function Chart POU in the Project Treein the Project Tree
POU
Transitionfolder
POUbase element
Action
Transition
in ILActionfolder
Transition
in LD
Action in FBD
Basic StructureInserting the
basic structure/
further steps
Step
Feedback
Action block
Transition
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Basic Elements
The Step
Standard step
Step flag
End stepJumpInitial step
The TransitionDirect Connection
Elements fromLD and FBD
Transition asdirect connectiondirect connection
The TransitionTransition detail
TransitionTransition as detail
Transition name as variable name
The Action Block
Inserting/AddingInserting/Addingan action block
Action blockas action detail
Action blockas booleanparameter
Actionqualifier
Action Variable
Action Detail
Branches
Parellel/simultaneousParellel/simultaneous AlternativeParellel/simultaneousParellel/simultaneousbranch
Alternativebranch
Inserting Branches Later On
1
2
3 4
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User-Defined Data Types
Chapter 17Chapter 17
Worksheets forUser-Defined Data TypesUser Defined Data Types
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Fields
Principle
WORDWORD
WORD
AR_1_4_WWORD
WORD
Name exampleName example
AR_<LowerBound>_<UpperBound>_<BasicType>
Declaration
TYPE(*Typename*) : ARRAY [(*From..To*)] OF
(*Typename*);END_TYPE
After editing by the user
T
One-dimensional array Type
AR_1_4_W : Array [1..4] Of Word;
AR 1 8 1 4 W : Array [1 8] Of AR 1 4 W;
array
T di i l
basedon
AR_1_8_1_4_W : Array [1..8] Of AR_1_4_W;End_TypeTwo-dimensional
array
Use in Programming
Assigning two array variablesof the same dimensions
arVariable1 := arVariable2;
A i i i l lAssigning a single valueto an element of an
array variable using a constant
Assigning a single valueAssigning a single valueto an element of an
array varable using an index variableLd wVariableSt arVariable[iIndex]
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Structures
Principle
REALREAL
INT
ST_PumpINT
BOOL
Name exampleName example
ST_<Function>
Declaration
TYPE(*Typename*) :STRUCT
(*Element 1 Name*) : (*DATATYPE*);(*Element 2 Name*) : (*DATATYPE*);(*Element 3 Name*) : (*DATATYPE*);(* . : . *);(* . : . *);(*El t N *) (*DATATYPE*)(*Element n Name*) : (*DATATYPE*);
END_STRUCT; END_TYPE
After editing by the user
TypeTypeST_Pump : Struct
rEngineCurrent : Real;iFlow : Int;iMediaTemperature : Int;xBroken : Bool;
End_Struct; End_Type
Use in Programming
Assigning two structure variablesof the same dimensionstP 12 tP 13stPump12 := stPump13;
Assigning a single valueto an element of a structure
variable using named parameters
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Combined User-Defined Data Types
Declaration and Use
TypeST_Pump : Struct
rMotorCurrent : Real;Structure iFlow : Int;iMedTemperature : Int;xBroken : Bool;
End_Struct;
Structuredeclaration
_
AR_1_20_Pump : Array [1..20] Of ST_Pump;End_Type
Arraydeclaration
Use in Programming
array variables of the same dimensionAssigning two complex
array variables of the same dimension
A i i t t i blAssigning a structure variableto an array element of a complex array variable
Assigning a single value
arPumppark[12] := stPump12;
Assigning a single valueto an element of a
complex array variableLd iFlow_Pump12_St arPumppark[12].iFlow
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ST - Structured Text
Chapter 18Chapter 18
Language Elementsof Structured Textof Structured Text
Q_xAccess1 := False;Q xAccess2 := I xInput2 & Not I xInput4;Assignments, operators Q_ _ p _ p ;
If I_xInput1 & I_xInput2 ThenQ_xAccess1 := True;
ElsIf I_xAccess2 & I_xAccess3 ThenQ xAccess2 : True;
RequestsQ_xAccess2 := True;
End_If;
iCorrected := Limit(iMin, iBasis, iMax);FU calls and arguments
CTU_Access(CU := xPulse,PV := iMaxvalue,RESET := xStop);
iDisplay := CTU Access QV;
FB calls and arguments
iDisplay := CTU_Access.QV;xFull := CTU_Access.Q;
RepeatiLoop := iLoop + 1;
Loops Until iLoop = 100End_Repeat;
Loops
Assignments and OperatorsAssignment
operator
Q xOutput1 := I xInput1 & Not I xInput2
1122
Q_ p _ p _ pOr I_xInput3;
Assignment directionAssignment direction
11 22
Assignment direction
11 22
Calculation11
22 Assignment
Operator HierarchyOperation
Function(Arguments)
(Expression)
Function evaluation
Brackets
SymbolANY
*
Data typegroup
Function(Arguments)Function evaluation
iNumber1 ** iNumber2Potentialization
NegationComplement
-iNumberNOT wCode
NUM
BIT
*
MultiplicationDivisionModulo
iNumber1 * iNumber2rNumber1 / rNumber2
iNumber1 MOD iNumber2
Addition iNumber1 + iNumber2rity NUM
*
**
AdditionSubtraction
iNumber1 + iNumber2rNumber1 - rNumber2
Comparison diA > diB wC < wD iE >= iF
Equality iNumber1 = iNumber2b 1 b 2
Prio
iG <= iH
ANY
*
**Inequality rNumber1 <> rNumber2
xVar1 XOR xVar2Boolean exclusive OR
Boolean AND xVar1 & xVar2wCode1 AND wCode2
BIT
*
bVar1 OR bVar2
a O a
Boolean OR
Boolean exclusive OR
Function Calls
iCorrection := Limit(iMin,iMeasuredvalue,iMax);
Functionname
Functionarguments
iCorrection := Limit(iMin,Word To Int(wRawsize),Word_To_Int(wRawsize),iMax);
Return value of 1st function as argument for 2nd function
Editing in PC WORXInserting via the edit wizard
Parameter name Comments as
data typeand
data type
Comments asdummies
(* Result as ANY_BIT *) := ROR((* IN as ANY_BIT *),(* N as ANY_INT *));
After editing by the user
wRotates := RoR(wRawsize, INT#8);
Function Block Calls
TON_Signal(IN := I_xInput,PT := tDelay);
Data importand calculation
Q_xOutput := TON_Signal.Q;tSequence := TON Signal ET;
Data export
tSequence : TON_Signal.ET;
Alternativecall
TON_Signal.IN := I_xInput,;TON Signal.PT := tDelay;_ g y
TON_Signal();
Q xOutput := TON Signal.Q;Q_ p _ g QtSequence := TON_Signal.ET;
Editing in PC WORXInserting
via theedit
wizardD l tiDeclaration
dialog
TON_1(IN:=(* BOOL *), IN:=(* TIME *));(* BOOL *):=TON 1 Q;
Data type only
( BOOL ):=TON_1.Q;(* TIME *):=TON_1.ET;
Comments as dummies
After editing by the user
TON_1(IN := xActivate,PT := TIME#250ms);
xDelayed := TON_1.Q;tSequence := TON_1.ET;
FU Call and FB Call in Comparison
Assignment viafunction
Assignmentvia order
iCorrection := Limit(iMin,iMeasuredvalue,FUiMax);
TON Signal(IN := I xInput,TON_Signal(IN : I_xInput,PT := tDelay);
Q_xOutput := TON_Signal.Q;tS TON Si l ET
FB
A i t itSequence := TON_Signal.ET;
Assignment via
Assignment via named formal
parameters
Assignment viaoutput Parameters
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High-Level gLanguage Elements 1Th R tThe Requests
IfOpeningkeyword
If (* Boolean condition *) Then
(* Instructions *)
End If;End_If;
Closing
Instructions are only processed by the control
t if diti i tClosingkeyword
system if condition is met
If Extensions
If I_xSensor1 & Not I_xSensor2 Then _ _(* Instructions 1 *)
ElsIf I_xSensor2 & Not I_xSensor1Then
Repeatedlyoptional
Then (* Instructions 2 *)
ElseIf iM d l < 100 Th
One-time
optionalIf iMeasuredvalue < 100 Then
(* Instructions 3 *)ElsIf iMeasuredvalue > 100 Then
Nestedcondition
(* Instructions 4 *)End_If;
End If;End_If;
If Conditions
If I_xInput1 Then (* I t ti 1 *)
Implicit request f i bl (* Instructions 1 *)
ElsIf iMeasuring >=
of a variable
Boolean result iLimitedvalue Then
(* Instructions 2 *)after operation
Boolean
ElsIf Byte_To_Bool(I_bSensor)Then
(* I t ti 3 *)
return value of a function
(* Instructions 3 *)
Else
Unconditioned
(* Instructions 4 *)
End If;
CaseUse for Process Values
Integer operand
Case iProcesssize Of 7 : (* Instructions 1 *)
-2..1 : (* Instructions 2 *)
2, 4 : (* Instructions 3 *)"Case definitions"
8..16, 20..30 : (* Instructions 4 *)
Else(* Instructions 5 *)
End Case;
One-time
optional End_Case;optional
CaseUse for Control Values
Case iProcessstep Of 0 : (* Initialize *)( )
If xInit_completed Then iProcessstep := 10;End_If;
10 : (* Execute Prozess 1 *)10 : (* Execute Prozess 1 *)If xProcess1_completed Then iProcessstep := 20;End_If;
20 : (* Execute Prozess 2 *)If xProcess2_completed Then iProcessstep := 30;End_If;
(* etc. *)
500 : (* Exceptionalhandling *)iProcessstep := 0;
End_Case;
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High-Level gLanguage Elements 2Th LThe Loops
For
Loop variable
Startvalue
Endvalue
Width of stepoptional
For iIndex := 1 To 20 By 1 Do
(* The following instructions are executed with
1
*)(* the values 1 to 20 for the variable iIndex
*)
If arrMachine[iIndex].iTemp >= iLimitvalue ThenarrMachine[iIndex].iBroken := True;xAlarm := True;Exit;
End_If;
End For;
20
Early abortion of
loop executiond_ o ;
Repeat | While
Head-controlled
“Repeat … until …”
Repeat iIndex := iIndex +
10;
0
While
controlled
;
UntiliIndex >= iLimit
eiIndex >= iLimit
DoiI d iI d +
End_Repeat;?
Foot-controlled
iIndex := iIndex + 10;
End While;controlled
_
“As long as …, do …”
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Project Management
Appendix A1Appendix A1
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Project Filesj
Saving... / ArchivingSave as ... Archiving
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CPU Control Dialogg
CPU Selection
Temporary Project - Bootproject
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Project Codesj
Memory Concept
Download bootproject
Download project
Reset
Archiving project via
FTP server
Compiledmachine code
Decodablesource code
Standard Archive
ZipFile.zwt
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Libraries
Appendix A2Appendix A2
Library Directory
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Creating Librariesg
Saving
Removal and Compilation
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Using Librariesg
Including User Libraries
Including Firmware Libraries
The Library in a User Project
Using Projects With LibrariesWith Libraries
Uncompiled library
Help on Firmware Libraries
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Testing & Debugging
Appendix A3Appendix A3
Status in Worksheets
Overwriting/Forcing
Powerflow (via Address Status)
Graphicpowerflow
Textualpowerflow
Information on Mouse PointerTooltipsTooltips