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C4 & C5 Compounds

Unit-IV

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IntroductionC4 Olefns and their derivatives oer many potential

applications or manuacture o a large numer ointermediates !hich are eing used in synthetic"plastics" staili#ers" plastici#ers" solvents" gasolineadditives" antio$idants" hericides" etc%"

C5 hydrocarons are used as eedstoc or a !idevariety o end products such as chemicalintermediates" thermoplastics" elastomers"insecticides" pharmaceuticals" solvents" etc%"

'ccording to chem% systems" gloal demand orutadiene" isoutylene and utene !ill clim ((%)"(*%* and (%+ million tonnes" respectively y ),(,%

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roduct profle o C4 Olefns

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roduct profle o C5 Chemicals

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.utadiene

.utadiene is produced commercially y threeprocesses/

0team Cracing o ara1nic 2ydrocarons/In this process" utadiene is a co-product inthe manuacture o ethylene 3the ethyleneco-product process%

Catalytic ehydrogenation o n-.utane and

n-.utene 3the 2oudry process% O$idative ehydrogenation o n-.utene

3the O$o- or O-6- process%

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(% 0team Cracing o ara1nic 2ydrocarons

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Catalyst/ Chromia-alumina 7emp/ 8,,-8+,,cressure/ (5-+, a

0pace velocity/ (-9 hr-(

)% Catalytic ehydrogenation o .utanes

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chromium:alumina / catalysts )% Catalytic ehydrogenation o.utanes

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Catalyst/ Chromia-Iron 7emp/ 8),-8*,,cressure/ ,%(5-,%(*;a

0team to .utane / *-(,/(0pace velocity/ (-9 hr-(

9% Catalytic ehydrogenation o .utenes

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 In the 2oudry process" n-utane is dehydrogenated overchromium:alumina catalysts%

 7he reactors normally operate at ()-(5 centimeters 2g asolutepressure and appro$imately ((,,-()8,

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en:utene molar ratio o appro$imately ,%55

9% Catalytic dehydrogenation o .utenes

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In general" in an o$ydehydrogenation process" a mi$ture on-utenes" air and steam is passed over a catalyst edgenerally at lo! pressure and appro$imately A9,-(((,

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