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PC Maintenance: PC Maintenance: Preparing for A+ Preparing for A+
CertificationCertificationChapter 29: Managing FilesChapter 29: Managing Files
Chapter 29 ObjectivesChapter 29 Objectives
Understand and identify file systemsUnderstand and identify file systems Manage files under WindowsManage files under Windows Display and close a command promptDisplay and close a command prompt Manage files via command promptManage files via command prompt
File SystemFile System
A logical method of storing on a diskA logical method of storing on a disk Determines what identifiers mark the Determines what identifiers mark the
beginning and end of a filebeginning and end of a file Determines what information will be stored Determines what information will be stored
about the fileabout the file
File Systems on DOS and File Systems on DOS and Windows PCsWindows PCs
FAT (FAT16)FAT (FAT16) 16-bit file system16-bit file system Up to 2 GB of data per logical driveUp to 2 GB of data per logical drive
FAT32FAT32 32-bit file system32-bit file system Otherwise fairly similar to FAT16Otherwise fairly similar to FAT16
FAT12FAT12 File system used on floppy disksFile system used on floppy disks Each 512-byte sector is its own clusterEach 512-byte sector is its own cluster
File Systems on DOS and File Systems on DOS and Windows PCsWindows PCs
NTFS 4NTFS 4 32-bit file system32-bit file system Used only in Windows NT 4Used only in Windows NT 4 Predates FAT32Predates FAT32 Ability to create a spanned diskAbility to create a spanned disk
NTFS 5NTFS 5 Updated NTFS for Windows 2000/XPUpdated NTFS for Windows 2000/XP File encryption, disk quotas, dynamic disksFile encryption, disk quotas, dynamic disks
File Systems on DOS and File Systems on DOS and Windows PCsWindows PCs
CDFSCDFS CD file system, used on CDsCD file system, used on CDs
HPFSHPFS High Performance File SystemHigh Performance File System Native file system for OS/2Native file system for OS/2
File Management Skills to MasterFile Management Skills to Master
SelectSelect CopyCopy MoveMove DeleteDelete RenameRename View/change propertiesView/change properties Create/delete foldersCreate/delete folders Work with Recycle BinWork with Recycle Bin
NTFS File AttributesNTFS File Attributes
CompressionCompression EncryptionEncryption On NTFS On NTFS
volumes onlyvolumes only Encryption Encryption
available in available in NTFS 5 onlyNTFS 5 only
Troubleshooting File ErrorsTroubleshooting File Errors
General failure reading drive XGeneral failure reading drive X Disk is not formattedDisk is not formatted Disk has gone badDisk has gone bad Drive is inaccessibleDrive is inaccessible Possible virus infectionPossible virus infection Possible physical problemPossible physical problem
Troubleshooting File ErrorsTroubleshooting File Errors
Data error reading (or writing) drive xData error reading (or writing) drive x Physically bad spot on the diskPhysically bad spot on the disk Wrong drive type in BIOS setupWrong drive type in BIOS setup
Access deniedAccess denied Permission setting preventing file modificationPermission setting preventing file modification Disk is write-protectedDisk is write-protected
Insufficient disk spaceInsufficient disk space Disk is fullDisk is full Directory is fullDirectory is full
Backing Up and Restoring FilesBacking Up and Restoring Files
Copy files to another drive manuallyCopy files to another drive manually Hard driveHard drive CDCD TapeTape
Copy an entire driveCopy an entire drive Ghosting Ghosting
Backup application (ex. Microsoft Backup)Backup application (ex. Microsoft Backup)
Microsoft BackupMicrosoft Backup
Different versions of Windows have different Different versions of Windows have different versions of Backupversions of Backup
Working with a Command Working with a Command PromptPrompt
Getting to the prompt:Getting to the prompt: Boot from a Windows 9x startup floppyBoot from a Windows 9x startup floppy Start/Run, Command in 9xStart/Run, Command in 9x Start/Run, Cmd in 2000/XPStart/Run, Cmd in 2000/XP
Exiting the promptExiting the prompt Close the windowClose the window Type EXIT and press EnterType EXIT and press Enter
Changing Drives and DirectoriesChanging Drives and Directories
Directory = FolderDirectory = Folder Change drive: Type drive letter and a Change drive: Type drive letter and a
coloncolon Example: C:Example: C:
Change directory: CD and the directory Change directory: CD and the directory namename Example: CD \WINDOWSExample: CD \WINDOWS
Command Syntax HelpCommand Syntax Help
Add the /? switch to a command to see its Add the /? switch to a command to see its syntaxsyntax
Understanding WildcardsUnderstanding Wildcards
? for single character? for single character * for any number of characters* for any number of characters
File specFile spec IncludesIncludes But does not includeBut does not include
A*.DOCA*.DOC Amy.doc, Amherst.doc, Amy.doc, Amherst.doc, A.docA.doc
Amy.txt, Betty.doc, Amy.txt, Betty.doc, Amherst.grpAmherst.grp
A???.DOCA???.DOC Ants.doc, Army.doc, Ants.doc, Army.doc, Also.docAlso.doc
Amy.doc, Amherst.doc, Amy.doc, Amherst.doc, Alls.txtAlls.txt
??D.*??D.* And.txt, And.doc, And.txt, And.doc, Atd.xlsAtd.xls
All.txt, Anderson.docAll.txt, Anderson.doc
*.*. And, Book, CheersAnd, Book, Cheers And.doc, Book.txt, And.doc, Book.txt, Cheers.xlsCheers.xls
Viewing Multiple PagesViewing Multiple Pages
/p switch for DIR command /p switch for DIR command | MORE for most commands| MORE for most commands | is the pipe symbol (redirector)| is the pipe symbol (redirector)