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Name : Mohamad Arif Bin Nasaruddin

Matrix no. : D20091035123

Title: Problem Base Learning Reflection.

Last lab session, there is no experiment to be done by us, the students of AT16. This is

because the experiment had been replaced by the problem base learning (PBL) presentation. Okay,

this is the second time for us to do PBL for Biology subject in UPSI. I never know about PBL during my

matriculation study hood. But, last semester our previous Biology lecturer, Dr Shakirah introduced to

us this method of learning. Yeah this method is quite unique for me. The lecture just needs to give us

a problem or current issue that can be relate to the topic in our syllabus. Next, we need to analyse

that problem. Then, find any related information and present it to the class. Its sound hard for

students and relax for lecture. But, I must realise that I am studying in university right now. Thus, the

learning method is not same as school or matriculation style. Here, I need to be dependent and

struggle to success. Lecturer just helps us by guide us to study but not to feed us with all ofinformation.

Dr. Shakinaz had give me and my group members (Fad, Nida and Diyana) two problem or it

can be describe as situation regarding topic 3 (Observing Pattern and Inherited Traits). Let me

describe that problem briefly. First problem we need to introduce who is Mendel (the father of

genetics) and then explain the Mendel experiments approach that he uses to prove his theory. The

second problem is about the phenomena that happen in Puan Kesumas garden. This is due to the

present of incomplete dominant alleles in her flowers (my first expectation). Okay, lets get back to

the presentation. Our group had been chosen to be the first presenters. We just okay about it

because we are already prepare for it about one week. We are the only group that use power pointin order to present our point. We make it as an early preparation for us to be a teacher at future.

When we familiar with power point, its easy for us later. We think that our presentation is just

moderate. Its not perfect but its not too pale. We already mention about who is Mendel and his

two law that is Law of Segregation and Law of Independent Assortment. His prove it by using Pisum

Stavium, a green pea plant to do same cross with it. The reason he choose that plan is it have short

time to produce the progeny after crossed and have easy observable traits in it characteristics.

Our friends also quite understood about the phenomena that happened in Puan Kesumas

garden. It is due to incomplete dominant factor. But, one of them asks about how the new

phenotype that is the intermediate phenotype between two parents formed in the first generationof progenies. I explain that the effect of recessive allele is not completely masked by the dominant

allele in gene. Dr Shakinaz added, when the alleles that lead to incomplete dominant combine, this

will affected the synthesis of protein that catalysed by some enzyme. New arrangement of amino

acid will be form, thus new type of protein will be synthesis and this protein will affect the

phenotype of offspring. That is why the intermediate phenotype expressed in F1 generation (the

pink flower of 4 oclock flowers obtain by Puan Kesuma when she crossed the red and white flower).

Next two groups presentation is a about problem that relate to the two law of Mendel that I just

mention earlier. But one thing that can attract my interest is their point about the method to

introduce a new phenotype in offspring. In their case, their mention that to obtain a new flower with

orange colour, the cross need to be done between dominant red flower and dominant yellow

flower. I am not really agreed with this method. It is only suitable for plants that have codominant

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alleles that control for its flower colour traits. How do they know that codominat alleles are present

in the flower plant in their cases? Dr Shakinaz suggest that the alleles that control for traits that we

want is soot to the organism by using genetic gun(if I am not mistake) in order to obtain the new

traits. For example if we need a flower with nice smell we just soot the alleles that control it to the

plant. I think this method is more effective that the method that just suggested. I am not trying to

say they are wrong but the effectiveness of the method must be considers first before we want to

suggest something.

Then it comes to the last group presentation. The problem that they need to solve is about

Bombay bloods type. I really excited to know detail about this unique blood type. I never heard

about it before. They start their presentation by introduce the ABO blood system. It is a common

blood type among us. It consist of blood type A, B, AB and O. They also describe about antigen and

antibody of blood. For example blood type A in ABO blood system have antigen A and have n

antibody B. This is lead to it function to act an identification mechanism. If the different blood types

are mix up, it will agglutinate and affect the persons body function. Then they describe the Bombay

blood type. It is a rare blood type. The first case was exposed in Bombay. That is why it is called as

Bombay blood type as a tribute to the Bombay, India. Actually, the alleles that control the

production of antigen A and B is H (dominant allele). But the person with Bombay blood type does

not contain this alleles but it consist of h (recessive allele). Thus the person will have different blood

type. Its characteristic is just same as O blood type in ABO blood system. If O blood can act as

universal donator in ABO blood system and only can receive blood from O blood type. But, the

Bombay blood type cannot mix up with ABO blood system. It means that the person with Bombay

blood type only can receive and donate blood to the person with Bombay blood type. If not, the

blood will be agglutinate.

Afterward, the do some cross in order to show either the offspring will inherit the Bombay

blood type from it parents. HH is express as a normal blood type, Hh genotype will also express as

normal blood type but it acts as a carrier for Bombay blood type while hh is genotype for Bombay

blood type. The offspring will inherit Bombay blood type if both of it parents are homozygous

recessive for allele that control this blood type (hh genotype) and if both parents are carrier of it (Hh

genotype). If not, the offspring only can be the carrier or have a normal blood type. Bombay blood

type is rare cases. It is hard to find the person who inherits it even though in Bombay. That is why a

person in Malaysia that inherit the Bombay blood type was specially flied to India in order to donate

his blood to the patient with the same Bombay blood type with him that have severe blood loss due

to accident long time ago.

As a conclusion, all of our presentation is good but same improvement must be done by us

in order to be a future great teachers. We need to improve our communication skill and the value of

creativity must be added. Even though we already conquer the content of this topic, but the

additional value must be included in our presentation to ensure that it is an interesting learning for

all of our students later.