PATHOPHYSIOLOGY(Book – Based)

Non – Modifiable Factors: Age ( <20 - >40 y/o) Family history of Eclampsia Gender (Female) Primiparity Race/Ethnicity

Modifiable factors: Diet and nutrition Lifestyle

Defective placental implantation

Release of placental factor “Factor X”

Endovascular trophoblastic cells invade the maternal spiral arteries

Replacement of endothelium, destruction of medial musculoelastic tissue, and fibrinoid change in the vessel wall

Acute atherosis partially or completely blocking the arterioles

Fibrin, platelets, lipophages aggregates

Placental infarctionIncrease platelet activationPlacental ischemia

Increased thromboxane A2

Vasospasm

Vasoconstriction

Increased blood pressure Decreased perfusion to organs

Eyes Placenta Brain

Pancreas Kidney

Increased creatinine,

increased uric acid,

decreased urine output

Decreases glumerular filtration

rate

Increased permeability

of the glumerular membrane

Proteinuria

Increased reabsorption

in tubules

Edema

Increased Na and water retention

Hemorrhage

Blurring of vision

Fetal distress

Stillbirth

Hyperreflexia, seizure

Cerebral alteration

Epigastric pain

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY(Patient – Based)

Non – Modifiable Factors: Age ( 21 y/o) Family history of Eclampsia Gender (Female) Primiparity

Modifiable factors: Diet and nutrition Lifestyle

Defective placental implantation

Release of placental factor “Factor X”

Endovascular trophoblastic cells invade the maternal spiral arteries

Replacement of endothelium, destruction of medial musculoelastic tissue, and fibrinoid change in the vessel wall

Acute atherosis partially or completely blocking the arterioles

Fibrin, platelets, lipophages aggregates

Placental infarctionIncrease platelet activationPlacental ischemia

Increased thromboxane A2

Vasospasm

Vasoconstriction

Increased blood pressure Decreased perfusion to organs

Eyes Placenta Brain

Pancreas Kidney

Increased creatinine, decreased

urine output

Decreases glumerular filtration

rate

Increased permeability

of the glumerular membrane

Proteinuria

Increased reabsorption

in tubules

Edema

Increased Na and water retention

Blurring of vision