Active: S + V + O

Passive: S + Be + PP(V3ed) + by + O

(tense)

EX: My father planted this tree last year.

This tree was planted by my father last year.

Present tensePast tense 1st personI amWe areI wasWe were2nd personYou areYou areYou wereYou were3rd personHe, she, it isThey areHe, she, it wasThey were

When the agent is unknown, unimportant or obvious from the contextTo make more polite or formal statementsWhen the action is more important than the agent, as in processes, instructions, events, reports, headlines, news items, and advertisementsTo put emphasis on the agent

The dishes

are washed

by Mrs Chan

Active Voice

Subject (doer)

Active Verb

Object (receiver)

Mrs Chan

washes

the dishes.

Passive Voice

Object (receiver)

Active Verb

Subject

(doer)

The Simple Present Tense

Active: S + V(s/es) + O

Passive: S + am/is/are + PP + by + O

EX: He reads books every day.

Books are read (by him) every day.

The Present Continuous Tense

Active: S + am/is/are + V-ing + O

Passive: S + am/is/are + being +PP + by + O

EX: He is writing a novel at the moment.

A novel is being written (by him) at the moment.

The Present Perfect Tense

Active: S + Has/Have + V3ed + O

Passive: S + has/have + been +PP + by + O

EX: He has just finished a novel.

A novel has just been finished (by him).

The Simple Past Tense

Active: S + V2ed + O

Passive: S + was/were + PP + by + O

EX: He gave Tom a book.

A book was given to Tom (by him).

Tom was given a book (by him).

The Past Continuous Tense

Active: S + was/were + V-ing + O

Passive: S + was/were + being + PP + by + O

EX: He was writing a letter at 8.00 yesterday.

A letter was being written (by him).

The Past Perfect Tense

Active: S + had + V3ed + O

Passive: S + had + been + PP + by + O

EX: He had finished his homework before 8.00 yesterday.

His homework had been finished (by him) before 8.00 yesterday.

The Simple Future Tense

Active: S + will/shall + V + O

Passive: S + will/shall + be + PP + by + O

EX: He will finish the homework.

The homework will be finished.

The Future Continuous Tense

Active: S + will/shall + be + V-ing + O

Passive: S + will/shall + be + being + PP + by + O

EX: Tom will be cooking lunch at 10.00 tomorrow.

Lunch will be being cooked by Tom at 10.00 tomorrow.

The Future Perfect Tense

Active: S + will/shall + have + V3ed + O

Passive: S + will/shall + have + been + PP + by + O

EX: By the end of next week, he will have written 10 letters to her.

By the end of next week, 10 letters will have been written to her.

Modal Verbs can be used in either the present or past forms.

Active: S + MV (not) + V + O

Passive: S + MV (not) + Be + PP + by + O

EX: We cant solve this problem.

This problem cant be solved.

There is a dog which 1)_______ (call)

Bubbles. It 2) ___________ (own)

by Michael Johnson. It 3)_________

(keep) in his home. It 4)___________

(feed) every day by Michael Johnson

himself. It 5) __________(dress) in

funny clothes. It 6)_________(say)

that Bubbles is Johnsons only

friend.

is called

is owned

is kept

is fed

is dressed

is said

Active VoicePassive voiceI finish a project in eight hours.A project is finished in eight hours.I finish three projects in eight hoursThree projects are finished in eight hoursI finished a project in eight hours.A project was finished in eight hours.I finished three projects in eight hours.Three projects were finished in eight hours.

Active VoicePassive voiceI finish a project in eight hours.A project is finished in eight hours.I finish three projects in eight hoursThree projects are finished in eight hoursI finished a project in eight hours.A project was finished in eight hours.I finished three projects in eight hours.Three projects were finished in eight hours.

Active VoicePassive voiceI finish a project in eight hours.A project is finished in eight hours.I finish three projects in eight hoursThree projects are finished in eight hoursI finished a project in eight hours.A project was finished in eight hours.I finished three projects in eight hours.Three projects were finished in eight hours.

Active VoicePassive voiceI finish a project in eight hours.A project is finished in eight hours.I finish three projects in eight hoursThree projects are finished in eight hoursI finished a project in eight hours.A project was finished in eight hours.I finished three projects in eight hours.Three projects were finished in eight hours.

Active VoicePassive voiceI finish a project in eight hours.A project is finished in eight hours.I finish three projects in eight hoursThree projects are finished in eight hoursI finished a project in eight hours.A project was finished in eight hours.I finished three projects in eight hours.Three projects were finished in eight hours.

Active VoicePassive voiceI finish a project in eight hours.A project is finished in eight hours.I finish three projects in eight hoursThree projects are finished in eight hoursI finished a project in eight hours.A project was finished in eight hours.I finished three projects in eight hours.Three projects were finished in eight hours.

Active VoicePassive voiceI finish a project in eight hours.A project is finished in eight hours.I finish three projects in eight hoursThree projects are finished in eight hoursI finished a project in eight hours.A project was finished in eight hours.I finished three projects in eight hours.Three projects were finished in eight hours.

Active VoicePassive voiceI finish a project in eight hours.A project is finished in eight hours.I finish three projects in eight hoursThree projects are finished in eight hoursI finished a project in eight hours.A project was finished in eight hours.I finished three projects in eight hours.Three projects were finished in eight hours.

1) The policemen catch the thief.

Ans:

2) The girl puts on a beautiful dress.

Ans:

The thief is caught by the policemen.

A beautiful dress is put on by the girl.

Exercise 3

: Change passive to active

1) The dishes are washed by Amy.

Ans:

2) The car is repaired by John and Peter.

Ans:

Amy washes the dishes.

John and Peter repair the car.

Active Voice

Subject

(doer)

Active

Verb

Object

(receiver)

Mrs Chan

washes

the dishes.

Passive Voice

Object

(receiver)

Active

Verb

Subject

(doer)