Participatory Local Governance

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Participatory LocalGovernance

Mar Anthony BalaniBA Political Science IV

Laurence ObaobBA Political Science IV


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What is Governance

• According to the U !P governance can be seen as thee"ercise o# econo$ic% political and ad$inistrativeauthority to $anage a country&s a'airs at all levels( Itco$prises the $echanis$s% processes and institutions

through )hich citi*ens and groups articulate theirinterests% e"ercise their legal rights% $eet theirobligations and $ediate their di'erences(


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• As an act o# steering to)ards people+s develop$ent%Governance is a $ulti#aceted co$pound situation o#institutions% syste$s% structures% processes% procedures%practices% relationships% and leadership behaviour in the

e"ercise o# social% political% econo$ic% and $anagerial ,ad$inistrative authority in the running o# public or privatea'airs( -.au*ya% n(d(/


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What is Local Governance"local governance" refers to the exercise of authority at localcommunity level

Local governance does not $a0e re#erence to local govern$ent or localpopulations alone( It re#ers to a situation )here )hat ever governanceactor does is planned% i$ple$ented% $aintained% evaluated% andcontrolled )ith the needs% priorities% interests% participation% and )ellbeing o# the local population as the central and guiding consideration(-.au*ya% n(d(/


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• In this sense governance ceases to be a $atter o#govern$ent only( It is a situation o# $ultiple inter1lin0agesand relationships in )hich di'erent and various actors inthe public and private sectors as )ell as civil society at

local% national and international levels play di'erent rolesso$eti$es $utually con2icting and so$eti$es $utuallyrein#orcing and co$ple$entary #ocusing on satis#ying theinterests o# the local co$$unity(


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What is 3good governance&

• According to the U !P% Good governance is% a$onthings% participatory% transparent and accountable( It is alsoe'ective and e4uitable% and it pro$otes the rule o# la)( Itensures that political% social and econo$ic priorities are

based on broad consensus in society and that the voices o#the poorest and the $ost vulnerable are heard in decision1$a0ing over the allocation o# develop$ent resources(


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Characteristics of Good

Governance• Participation: All $en and )o$en have a voice in decision1

$a0ing% either directly or through legiti$ate inter$ediateinstitutions that represent their interests(

• Rule of law 5 Legal #ra$e)or0s are #air and en#orcedi$partially% particularly the la)s on hu$an rights6 publicsecurity and sa#ety are at a high level(

• Transparency 5 7ransparency is built on the #ree 2o) o#in#or$ation(

• Responsiveness 5 Institutions and processes serve all

sta0eholders(


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• Consensus orientation 5 !i'ering interests are $ediated to reachbroad consensus on )hat is the co$$on good% in the best interests

o# the organi*ation% co$$unity or country and% )here possible% onpolicies and procedures(• Equity 5 All $en and )o$en have opportunities to i$prove or

$aintain their )ell1being and the vulnerable and e"cluded aretargeted to provide security o# )ell1being to all(

• E ectiveness and e iciency 5 Processes and institutions produc

results that $eet needs )hile $a0ing the best use o# resources(• Accountability 5 !ecision1$a0ers in govern$ent% the private

sector and civil society organi*ations are accountable to the publicand speci8c constituencies% as )ell as to institutional sta0eholders(


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• Strate ic vision 5 Leaders and the public share a broad and long1ter$ perspective on the good o# society% good governance and

hu$an develop$ent% along )ith a sense o# )hat is needed #orsuch develop$ent(• !e iti"acy: Authority is legiti$ate in ter$s o# the established

legal and institutional #ra$e)or0 and speci8c decisions in ter$so# the accepted institutional criteria% processes and procedures(

• Resource prudence 5 9esources are $anaged and used )ith a

vie) to opti$i*ing the )ell1being o# people over severalgenerations% ideally in perpetuity% )ithout $ortgaging the #uture(• Ecolo ical soundness 5 7he environ$ent is protected and

regenerated to ensure sustainable sel#1reliance(


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• E"powerin and enablin approaches 5 All actosociety are e$po)ered to pursue legiti$ate goals% andenabling environ$ents are created to opti$i*e theirsuccess and the reali*ation o# the )ell1being o# all(

• Partnership 5 involves institutionali*ed $echanis$s andprocesses #or )or0ing in partnerships o# public% privateand civic actors in conducting the business o# governanceat all levels(

• Spatial roundin in co""unities 5 puts people at thecenter and e$po)ers the$ to be sel#1reliant% sel#1organi*ing and sel#1$anaging% building on the autono$y o#local co$$unities(


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Characteristics of Good

GovernanceParticipation Rule of law Transparency ResponsivenessConsensus orientation Equity E ectiveness and e iciency Accountability Strate ic vision !e iti"acy Resource prudence Ecolo ical soundnessE"powerin and enablin approaches PartnershipSpatial roundin in co""unities


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Good 3Local& Governance

• :( Inclusive citi*ens& participation leading to e$po)er$ent andsustainability6

• ;( Accountability resulting in strengthening o# legiti$acy6• air and consensual con2ict $anage$ent )ithin the a$bit o#

the la) and #or the purpose o# increasing social cohesion6• ?( Operational e'iciency6 and• @( Value creation or positive socio1econo$ic and environ$ental

i$pact% especially #or the poor(


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I$portance o# People&s Participation in

Local Governance7he anadian1assisted Local Govern$ent Support Progra$-LGSP/ advanced the #ollo)ing reasons #or pro$oting people&sparticipation5• Participation helps the LGU $a"i$i*e the use o# their

resources6• Participation reduces the li0elihood o# contentious

con#rontation be#ore the LGU6• Participation enhances trust in Govern$ent6• Participation ensures continuity o# plans despite changes in

leadership6


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Participation helps in5o Accurate identi8cation o# proble$s% issues% needs and

concerns -PI s/6o Proper identi8cation o# progra$s and proCects6o Proper identi8cation o# the needed legislative action6o Building sta0eholders& support and o)nership o# the

D"ecutive1Legislative Agenda(


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!ocal Governance: #ecentrali$ation

Political discretion $eans that the local govern$ent hasautono$y over the non1elected local govern$ent and isin2uenced by the institutional arrange$ents #or the separationo# po)ers a$ong the e"ecutive% legislature and Cudicial bodies(

Administrative discretion re#ers to the ability o# govern$ent to regulate% procure goods and services that areessential #or the service provision and to $a0e civil service ande$ploy$ent decisions(

Fiscal discretion $eans that local govern$ents have ade4uaterevenues #or service provision and is a'ected by the syste$s o#

intergovern$ental trans#ers and restrictions on borro)ing andrevenue collection b the local overn$ent(


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IV( Legal >ra$e)or0 #or Participatory

Local Governance A( !e$ocrati*ation and !ecentrali*ationB( 7he :EF Philippine onstitution

:( Article ; Section ;<;( Article F Section :? and :@


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!DMO 9A7I A7IO

According to harles Jauss5Kde$ocrati*ation is the process )here a country adopts a de$ocraticregi$e((

%hy is there a need for de"ocrati$ation& According to 9( ( 9u$$el5

Kpeople are all in nature e4ual% that it is a natural right that peoplegovern the$selves% that they be #ree in a de$ocratic sense( Since eachperson is an individual )ith #ree )ill and is e4ual in this sense to anyother individual% the only syste$ o# natural governance is one in )hichall individuals collectively rule the$selves(


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!D D 79ALI A7IO

According to the U !PK(the restructuring or reorgani*ation o# authority so

that there is a syste$ o# co1responsibility bet)eeninstitutions o# governance at the central% regional and local

levels according to the principle o# subsidiarity


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!D D 79ALI A7IO

It includes5!evolutiondebureaucrati*ationprivati*ationdeconcentrationdelegation


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Participatory Local Governance as Mandated inthe :EF Philippine onstitution

Article '' Section ()7he State shall encourage non1govern$ental%

co$$unity1based% or sectoral organi*ations that pro$otethe )el#are o# the nation


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:EF Philippine onstitution((

Article *''' Sections +,7he State shall respect the role o# independent people&s

organi*ations to enable the people to pursue and protect%)ithin the de$ocratic #ra$e)or0% their legiti$ate and

collective interests and aspirations through peace#ul andla)#ul $eansK


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:EF Philippine onstitution((

Article *''' Sections +-7he right o# the people and their organi*ations to

e'ective and reasonable participation at all levels o# social%political% and econo$ic decision1$a0ing shall not be

abridged7he State shall% by la)% #acilitate the establish$ent o#

ade4uate consultation $echanis$s


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V( ivil Society Participation inGovernance

STATE

PR'*ATESECT.R

C'*'!S.C'ET/


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>unctionsK((

STATE

PR'*ATE

SECT.R

C'*'!S.C'ET/

-POLI7 / Policy1$a0ing% de$ocraticgovernance upholding Custice and e4uitya$ong citi*ens

-D O OM / $utually bene8cial productionand distribution o# goods and services to $eetthe physical needs o# hu$an beings

- UL7U9D/ develop$ent o# social and spiritualconcerns o# hu$an beings #or the advance$ento# 0no)ledge% clarity and coherence o# values%and to advocate the public interest


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VI( Venues #or People&s Participation in Local Governance

• Local Special Bodies• Partnerships bet)een LGU&s and GO&s,PO&s• Initiative and 9e#erendu$• Prior Mandatory onsultation• Local Sectoral 9epresentatives


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!ocal Special 0odies

tas1ed to for"ulate policy reco""endation2 develop plans2 and propose "easuresto uide le islation and help steer local overn"ents

D"a$ples are5local health boardlocal peace and order councilslocal school boards%local pre14uali8cationbids and a)ards co$$itteelocal develop$ent council


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Partnerships between !G34s and5G.4s6P.4s

includes Coint tas0s% ventures% and capability buildingprogra$s and partnerships a$ong the local govern$entunits% non1govern$ent organi*ations, people&sorgani*ations #or the pursuit o# local autono$y


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'nitiative and Referendu"

7hrough this% the local citi*ens are e$po)ered toparticipate in the legislation process through providing a$eans #or people to pass 0ey legislation directly rather thanthrough local legislatures or ongress(


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Prior 7andatory Consultation

7he local govern$ent unit $ust see0 public opinionthrough #acilitating public consultations $andatory in theplanning and i$ple$entation o# any proCect or progra$ bygovern$ent or private sector and in vital decisions by the

LGU


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!ocal Sectoral Representatives

7his enables local sectoral representation in the locallegislative asse$blies -provincial% $unicipal and citycouncils/ in order to give voice and uphold the interests o#

the di'erent sectors in the society especially the $arginalsectors(


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9e#erences5• .au*ya% ( -n( d(/ !ocal Governance Capacity 0uildin for 8ull ran e Participation: Concepts2 8ra"ewor1s2

and E9periences in African Countries• Pro"otin Participatory !ocal Governance for Rural #evelop"ent; Report of the Third Country

Trainin Pro ra" on 0uildin Capacities of Asian 5G.s in Poverty Reduction throu hCo""unity Actions Asian NGO Coalition for Agrarian Reform and Rural Development (ANGOC)

• Ste)art% ( ;HH

Documents

Participatory Local Governance