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Marine Division92571 Neuilly-sur-Seine Cedex- France

Tel: + 33 (0)1 55 24 70 00 - Fax: + 33 (0)1 55 24 70 25

Marine Website: http://www.veristar.com

Email: [email protected]

2011 Bureau Veritas - All rights reserved

PART C Machinery, Electricity, Automation

and Fire Protection

Chapters 2 3

NR 467.C2 DT R05 E July 2011

Rules for the Classification of

Steel Ships


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ARTICLE 1

1.1. - BUREAU VERITAS is a Society the purpose of whose Marine Division (the "Society") is the classi-

fication (" Classification ") of any ship or vessel or structure of any type or part of it or systemtherein col-

lectively hereinafter referred to as a "Unit" whether linked to shore, river bed or sea bed or not, whether

operated or located at sea or in inland waters or partly on land, including submarines, hovercrafts, drilling

rigs, offshore installations of any type and of any purpose, their related and ancillary equipment, subsea

or not, such as well head and pipelines, mooring legs and mooring points or otherwise as decided by the

Society.

The Society:

prepares and publishes Rules for classification, Guidance Notes and other documents (Rules);

issues Certificates, Attestations and Reports following its interventions (Certificates);

publishes Registers.

1.2. - The Society also participates in the application of National and International Regulations or Stand-

ards, in particular by delegation fromdifferent Governments. Those activities are hereafter collectively re-

ferred to as " Certification ".

1.3. - The Society can also provide services related to Classification and Certification such as ship and

company safety management certification; ship and port security certification, training activities; all activi-

ties and duties incidental thereto such as documentation on any supporting means, software, instrumen-

tation, measurements, tests and trials on board.

1.4.- The interventions mentioned in 1.1., 1.2. and 1.3. are referred to as " Services ". The party and/or its

representative requesting the services is hereinafter referred to as the " Client ".The Services are pre-

pared and carried out on the assumption that the Clients are aware of the International Maritime

and/or Offshore Industry (the "Industry") practices.

1.5. - The Society is neither and may not be considered as an Underwriter, Broker in ship's sale or char-

tering, Expert in Unit's valuation, Consulting Engineer, Controller, Naval Architect, Manufacturer, Ship-

builder, Repair yard, Charterer or Shipowner who are not relieved of any of their expressed or implied

obligations by the interventions of the Society.

ARTICLE 2

2.1. - Classification is the appraisement given by the Society for its Client, at a certain date, following sur-

veys by its Surveyors along the lines specified in Articles 3 and 4 hereafter on the level of compliance of

a Unit to its Rules or part of them. This appraisement is represented by a class entered on the Certificates

and periodically transcribed in the Society's Register.

2.2.- Certification is carried out by the Society along the same lines as set out in Articles 3 and 4 hereafter

and with reference to the applicable National and International Regulations or Standards.

2.3. - It is incumbent upon the Client to maintain the condition of the Unit after surveys, to present

the Unit for surveys and to informthe Society without delay of circumstances which may affect the

given appraisement or cause to modify its scope.

2.4. - The Client is to give to the Society all access and information necessary for the safe and efficient

performance of the requested Services. The Client is the sole responsible for the conditions of presenta-

tion of the Unit for tests, trials and surveys and the conditions under which tests and trials are carried out.

ARTICLE 3

3.1. - The Rules, procedures and instructions of the Society take into account at the date of their

preparation the state of currently available and proven technical knowledge of the Industry. They

are not a standard or a code of construction neither a guide for maintenance, a safety handbook

or a guide of professional practices, all of which are assumed to be known in detail and carefully

followed at all times by the Client.

Committees consisting of personalities fromthe Industry contribute to the development of those docu-

ments.

3.2. - The Society only is qualified to apply its Rules and to interpret them. Any reference to them

has no effect unless it involves the Society's intervention.

3.3. - The Services of the Society are carried out by professional Surveyors according to the applicable

Rules and to the Code of Ethics of the Society. Surveyors have authority to decide locally on matters re-

lated to classification and certification of the Units, unless the Rules provide otherwise.

3.4. - The operations of the Society in providing its Services are exclusively conducted by way of

randominspections and do not in any circumstances involve monitoring or exhaustive verifica-

tion.

ARTICLE 4

4.1. - The Society, acting by reference to its Rules:

reviews the construction arrangements of the Units as shown on the documents presented by the Cli-

ent;

conducts surveys at the place of their construction;

classes Units and enters their class in its Register;

surveys periodically the Units in service to note that the requirements for the maintenance of class are

met.

The Client is to informthe Society without delay of circumstances which may cause the date or the

extent of the surveys to be changed.

ARTICLE 5

5.1. - The Society acts as a provider of services. This cannot be construed as an obligation bearing

on the Society to obtain a result or as a warranty.

5.2. - The certificates issued by the Society pursuant to 5.1. here above are a statement on the level

of compliance of the Unit to its Rules or to the documents of reference for the Services provided

for.

In particular, the Society does not engage in any work relating to the design, building, production

or repair checks, neither in the operation of the Units or in their trade, neither in any advisory serv-

ices, and cannot be held liable on those accounts. Its certificates cannot be construed as an im-

plied or express warranty of safety, fitness for the purpose, seaworthiness of the Unit or of its value

for sale, insurance or chartering.

5.3. - The Society does not declare the acceptance or commissioning of a Unit, nor of its construc-

tion in conformity with its design, that being the exclusive responsibility of its owner or builder,

respectively.

5.4. - The Services of the Society cannot create any obligation bearing on the Society or constitute any

warranty of proper operation, beyond any representation set forth in the Rules, of any Unit, equipment or

machinery, computer software of any sort or other comparable concepts that has been subject to any sur-

vey by the Society.

ARTICLE 6

6.1.- The Society accepts no responsibility for the use of information related to its Services which was not

provided for the purpose by the Society or with its assistance.

6.2.- If the Services of the Society cause to the Client a damage which is proved to be the direct

and reasonably foreseeable consequence of an error or omission of the Society, its liability to-

wards the Client is limited to ten times the amount of fee paid for the Service having caused the

damage, provided however that this limit shall be subject to a minimumof eight thousand (8,000)

Euro, and to a maximumwhich is the greater of eight hundred thousand (800,000) Euro and one

and a half times the above mentioned fee.

The Society bears no liability for indirect or consequential loss such as e.g. loss of revenue, loss

of profit, loss of production, loss relative to other contracts and indemnities for termination of oth-

er agreements.

6.3.- All claims are to be presented to the Society in writing within three months of the date when the Serv-

ices were supplied or (if later) the date when the events which are relied on of were first known to the Client,

and any claimwhich is not so presented shall be deemed waived and absolutely barred. Time is to be in-

terrupted thereafter with the same periodicity.

ARTICLE 7

7.1. - Requests for Services are to be in writing.

7.2. - Either the Client or the Society can terminate as of right the requested Services after giving

the other party thirty days' written notice, for convenience, and without prejudice to the provisions

in Article 8 hereunder.

7.3.- The class granted to the concerned Units and the previously issued certificates remain valid until the

date of effect of the notice issued according to 7.2. here above subject to compliance with 2.3. here above

and Article 8 hereunder.

7.4. - The contract for classification and/or certification of a Unit cannot be transferred neither assigned.

ARTICLE 8

8.1.- The Services of the Society, whether completed or not, involve, for the part carried out, the payment

of fee upon receipt of the invoice and the reimbursement of the expenses incurred.

8.2. Overdue amounts are increased as of right by interest in accordance with the applicable leg-

islation.

8.3. - The class of a Unit may be suspended in the event of non-payment of fee after a first unfruitful

notification to pay.

ARTICLE 9

9.1.- The documents and data provided to or prepared by the Society for its Services, and the informationavailable to the Society, are treated as confidential. However:

clients have access to the data they have provided to the Society and, during the period of classifica-

tion of the Unit for them, to theclassification fileconsisting of survey reports and certificates which

have been prepared at any time by the Society for the classification of the Unit;

copy of the documents made available for the classification of the Unit and of available survey reports

can be handed over to another Classification Society, where appropriate, in case of the Unit's transfer

of class;

the data relative to the evolution of the Register, to the class suspension and to the survey status of the

Units, as well as general technical information related to hull and equipment damages, are passed on

to IACS (International Association of Classification Societies) according to the association working

rules;

the certificates, documents and information relative to the Units classed with the Society may be

reviewed during certificating bodies audits and are disclosed upon order of the concerned governmen-

tal or inter-governmental authorities or of a Court having jurisdiction.

The documents and data are subject to a file management plan.

ARTICLE 10

10.1. - Any delay or shortcoming in the performance of its Services by the Society arising froman event

not reasonably foreseeable by or beyond the control of the Society shall be deemed not to be a breach of

contract.

ARTICLE 11

11.1.- In case of diverging opinions during surveys between the Client and the Society's surveyor, the So-

ciety may designate another of its surveyors at the request of the Client.

11.2. - Disagreements of a technical nature between the Client and the Society can be submitted by the

Society to the advice of its Marine Advisory Committee.

ARTICLE 12

12.1. - Disputes over the Services carried out by delegation of Governments are assessed within the

frameworkof the applicable agreements with the States, international Conventions and national rules.

12.2.- Disputes arising out of the payment of the Society's invoices by the Client are submitted to the Court

of Nanterre, France.

12.3.-Other disputes over the present General Conditions or over the Services of the Society are

exclusively submitted to arbitration, by three arbitrators, in London according to the Arbitration

Act 1996 or any statutory modification or re-enactment thereof. The contract between the Society

and the Client shall be governed by English law.

ARTICLE 13

13.1. -These General Conditions constitute the sole contractual obligations binding together the

Society and the Client, to the exclusion of all other representation, statements, terms, conditions

whether express or implied. They may be varied in writing by mutual agreement.

13.2.- The invalidity of one or more stipulations of the present General Conditions does not affect the va-

lidity of the remaining provisions.

13.3.- The definitions herein take precedence over any definitions serving the same purpose which may

appear in other documents issued by the Society.BV Mod. Ad. ME 545k- 17December 2008

M A R I N E D I V I S I O N

G E N E R A L C O N D I T I O N S


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July 2011

RULESFORTHE CLASSIFICATIONOF SHIPS

Part C

Machinery, Electricity, Automation and

Fire Protection

Chapters 1 2 3 4

Chapter 1 MACHINERY

Chapter 2 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS

Chapter 3 AUTOMATION

Chapter 4 FIRE PROTECTION, DETECTION AND EXTINCTION


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2 Bureau Veritas July 2011

The English wording of these rules take precedence over editions inother languages.

Unless otherwise specified, these rules apply to ships for which contracts aresigned after July 1st, 2011. The Society may refer to the contents hereofbefore July 1st, 2011, as and when deemed necessary or appropriate.


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July 2011 Bureau Veritas 3

CHAPTER 2

ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS

Section 1 General

1 Application 19

1.1 General1.2 References to other regulations and standards

2 Documentation to be submitted 19

2.1

3 Definitions 19

3.1 General

3.2 Essential services3.3 Primary essential services3.4 Secondary essential services3.5 Safety voltage3.6 Low-voltage systems3.7 High-voltage systems3.8 Basic insulation3.9 Supplementary insulation3.10 Double insulation3.11 Reinforced insulation3.12 Earthing3.13 Normal operational and habitable condition

3.14 Emergency condition3.15 Main source of electrical power3.16 Dead ship condition3.17 Main generating station3.18 Main switchboard3.19 Emergency switchboard3.20 Emergency source of electrical power3.21 Section boards3.22 Distribution board3.23 Final sub-circuit3.24 Hazardous areas3.25 High fire risk areas

3.26 Certified safe-type equipment3.27 Environmental categories3.28 Black out situation

Section 2 General Design Requirements

1 Environmental conditions 24

1.1 General1.2 Ambient air temperatures1.3 Humidity1.4 Sea water temperatures1.5 Salt mist1.6 Inclinations1.7 Vibrations


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2 Quality of power supply 24

2.1 General2.2 a.c. distribution systems2.3 d.c. distribution systems2.4 Harmonic distortions

3 Electromagnetic susceptibil ity 26

3.1

4 Materials 26

4.1 General4.2 Insulating materials for windings4.3 Insulating materials for cables

5 Construction 26

5.1 General5.2 Degree of protection of enclosures

6 Protection against explosion hazard 27

6.1 Protection against explosive gas or vapour atmosphere hazard6.2 Protection against combustible dust hazard

Section 3 System Design

1 Supply systems and characteristics of the supply 28

1.1 Supply systems1.2 Maximum voltages

2 Sources of electrical power 282.1 General2.2 Main source of electrical power2.3 Emergency source of electrical power2.4 Use of emergency generator in port

3 Distribution 33

3.1 Earthed distribution systems3.2 Insulated distribution systems3.3 Distribution systems with hull return3.4 General requirements for distribution systems3.5 Main distribution of electrical power

3.6 Emergency distribution of electrical power3.7 Shore supply3.8 Supply of motors3.9 Specific requirements for special power services3.10 Power supply to heaters3.11 Refeer containers3.12 Power supply to final sub-circuits: socket outlet and lighting3.13 Navigation lights3.14 General emergency alarm system3.15 Public address system3.16 Combined general emergency alarm-public address system3.17 Control and indication circuits3.18 Power supply to the speed control systems of main propulsion engines3.19 Power supply to the speed control systems of generator sets3.20 Installation of water-based local application fire-fighting systems (FWBLAFFS)


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4 Degrees of protection of the enclosures 38

4.1 General

4.2 Installation of electrical and electronic equipment in engine rooms protected byfixed water-based local application fire-fighting systems (FWBLAFFS)

5 Diversity (demand) factors 40

5.1 General

6 Environmental categories of the equipment 40

6.1 Environmental categories

7 Electrical protection 40

7.1 General requirements for overcurrent protection7.2 Short-circuit currents

7.3 Selection of equipment7.4 Protection against short-circuit

7.5 Continuity of supply and continuity of service

7.6 Protection against overload

7.7 Localisation of overcurrent protection7.8 Protection of generators

7.9 Protection of circuits7.10 Protection of motors

7.11 Protection of storage batteries

7.12 Protection of shore power connection

7.13 Protection of measuring instruments, pilot lamps and control circuits7.14 Protection of transformers

8 System components 44

8.1 General

9 Electrical cables 45

9.1 General

9.2 Choice of insulation9.3 Choice of protective covering

9.4 Cables in refrigerated spaces9.5 Cables in areas with a risk of explosion

9.6 Cables in circuits required to be operable under fire condition

9.7 Cables for submerged bilge pumps

9.8 Internal wiring of switchboards and other enclosures for equipment9.9 Current carrying capacity of cables

9.10 Minimum nominal cross-sectional area of conductors9.11 Choice of cables

10 Electrical installations in hazardous areas 50

10.1 Electrical equipment10.2 Electrical cables

10.3 Electrical installations in battery rooms10.4 Electrical installations in paint stores or enclosed spaces leading to paint stores

10.5 Electrical installations in stores for welding gas (acetylene) bottles

10.6 Special ships


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Section 4 Rotating Machines

1 Constructional and operational requirements for generators and motors 53

1.1 Mechanical construction

1.2 Sliprings, commutators and brushes1.3 Terminal connectors

1.4 Electrical insulation

2 Special requirements for generators 53

2.1 Prime movers, speed governors and overspeed protection2.2 A.c. generators

3 Testing of rotating machines 54

3.1 General

3.2 Shaft material3.3 Tests

4 Description of test 55

4.1 Technical documentation and visual inspection

4.2 Insulation resistance measurement

4.3 Winding resistance measurement4.4 Verification of the voltage regulation

4.5 Rated load test and temperature rise measurements

4.6 Overload/ overcurrent test4.7 Verification of the steady short circuit current

4.8 Overspeed test

4.9 Dielectric strength test

4.10 No load test

4.11 Verification of degree of protection

4.12 Verification of bearings

5 Additional tests for rotating machines used as propulsion motoror thruster 57

5.1 General

Section 5 Transformers

1 Constructional and operational requirements 58

1.1 Construction

1.2 Terminals

1.3 Voltage variation, short-circuit conditions and parallel operation1.4 Electrical insulation and temperature rise

1.5 Insulation tests

2 Testing 59

2.1 General

2.2 Tests on transformers


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Section 6 Semiconductor Convertors

1 Constructional and operational requirements 60

1.1 Construction1.2 Protection

1.3 Parallel operation with other power sources1.4 Temperature rise1.5 Insulation test

2 Requirements for uninterruptible power system (UPS) unitsas alternative and/or transitional power 61

2.1 Definitions2.2 Design and construction2.3 Location2.4 Performance

3 Testing 61

3.1 General3.2 Tests on convertors3.3 Additional testing and survey for uninterruptible power system (UPS) units

as alternative and/or transitional power

Section 7 Storage Batteries and Chargers

1 Constructional requirements for batteries 63

1.1 General1.2 Vented batteries1.3 Valve-regulated sealed batteries

1.4 Tests on batteries1.5 Battery maintenance

2 Constructional requirements for chargers 63

2.1 Characteristics2.2 Tests on chargers

Section 8 Switchgear and Controlgear Assemblies

1 Constructional requirements for main and emergency switchboards 65

1.1 Construction1.2 Busbars and bare conductors1.3 Internal wiring1.4 Switchgear and controlgear1.5 Auxiliary circuits1.6 Instruments

2 Constructional requirements for section boards and distribution boards 67

2.1 Construction

3 Testing 67

3.1 General3.2 Inspection of equipment, check of wiring and electrical operation test3.3 High voltage test3.4 Measurement of insulation resistance


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Section 9 Cables

1 Constructional requirements 69

1.1 Construction

1.2 Conductors1.3 Insulating materials1.4 Inner covering, fillers and binders1.5 Protective coverings (armour and sheath)1.6 Identification

2 Testing 70

2.1 Type tests2.2 Routine tests

Section 10 Miscellaneous Equipment

1 Switchgear and controlgear, protective devices 71

1.1 General1.2 Circuit-breakers1.3 Protection devices

2 Lighting fittings 71

2.1 Applicable requirements2.2 Construction

3 Accessories 71

3.1 Applicable requirements3.2 Construction

4 Plug-and-socket connections 72

4.1 Applicable requirements

5 Heating and cooking appliances 72

5.1 Applicable requirements5.2 General5.3 Space heaters5.4 Cooking appliances5.5 Fuel oil and lube oil heaters5.6 Water heaters

Section 11 Location

1 General 73

1.1 Location1.2 Areas with a risk of explosion

2 Main electrical system 73

2.1 Location in relation to the emergency system2.2 Main switchboard


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3 Emergency electrical system 73

3.1 Spaces for the emergency source3.2 Location in relation to the main electrical system3.3 Emergency switchboard3.4 Emergency battery

4 Distribution boards 74

4.1 Distribution boards for cargo spaces and similar spaces4.2 Distribution board for navigation lights

5 Cable runs 74

5.1 General5.2 Location of cables in relation to the risk of fire and overheating5.3 Location of cables in relation to electromagnetic interference5.4 Services with a duplicate feeder5.5 Emergency circuits5.6 Electrical distribution in passenger ships

6 Storage batteries 75

6.1 General6.2 Large vented batteries6.3 Moderate vented batteries6.4 Small vented batteries6.5 Ventilation

Section 12 Installation

1 General 77

1.1 Protection against injury or damage caused by electrical equipment1.2 Protection against damage to electrical equipment1.3 Accessibility1.4 Electrical equipment in environmentally controlled spaces

2 Earthing of non-current carrying parts 77

2.1 Parts which are to be earthed2.2 Methods of earthing2.3 Earthing connections2.4 Connection to the ships structure2.5 Earthed distribution systems2.6 Aluminium superstructures

3 Rotating machines 79

3.1

4 Semiconductor convertors 79

4.1 Semiconductor power convertors

5 Vented type storage batteries 79

5.1 General5.2 Protection against corrosion

6 Switchgear and controlgear assemblies 79

6.1 Main switchboard6.2 Emergency switchboard6.3 Section boards and distribution boards


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7 Cables 80

7.1 General7.2 Radius of bend7.3 Fixing of cables7.4 Mechanical protection

7.5 Penetrations of bulkheads and decks7.6 Expansion joints7.7 Cables in closed pipes or conduits7.8 Cables in casings or trunking and conduits with removable covers7.9 Cable ends7.10 Joints and tappings (branch circuit)7.11 Earthing and continuity of metal coverings of cables7.12 Earthing and continuity of metal pipes, conduits and trunking or casings7.13 Precautions for single-core cables for a.c.7.14 Cables in refrigerated spaces7.15 Cables in areas with a risk of explosion7.16 Cables and apparatus for services required to be operable under fire conditions

7.17 Cables in the vicinity of radio equipment7.18 Cables for submerged bilge pumps7.19 Cable trays/protective casings made of plastics materials

8 Various appliances 85

8.1 Lighting fittings8.2 Heating appliances8.3 Heating cables and tapes or other heating elements

Section 13 High Voltage Installations

1 General 871.1 Field of application1.2 Nominal system voltage1.3 High-voltage, low-voltage segregation

2 System design 87

2.1 Distribution2.2 Degrees of protection2.3 Insulation2.4 Protection

3 Rotating machinery 88

3.1 Stator windings of generators3.2 Temperature detectors3.3 Tests

4 Power transformers 88

4.1 General

5 Cables 89

5.1 General

6 Switchgear and controlgear assemblies 89

6.1 General6.2 Construction6.3 Auxiliary systems6.4 High voltage test


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7 Installation 89

7.1 Electrical equipment7.2 Cables

Section 14 Electric Propulsion Plant

1 General 91

1.1 Applicable requirements1.2 Operating conditions

2 Design of the propulsion plant 91

2.1 General2.2 Power supply2.3 Auxiliary machinery2.4 Electrical Protection

2.5 Excitation of electric propulsion motor

3 Construction of rotating machines and semiconductor convertors 92

3.1 Ventilation3.2 Protection against moisture and condensate3.3 Rotating machines3.4 Semiconductor convertors

4 Control and monitoring 93

4.1 General4.2 Power plant control systems4.3 Indicating instruments

4.4 Alarm system4.5 Reduction of power

5 Installation 94

5.1 Ventilation of spaces5.2 Cable runs

6 Tests 94

6.1 Test of rotating machines

7 Specific requirements for PODs 95

7.1 General

7.2 Rotating commutator7.3 Electric motor7.4 Instrumentation and associated devices7.5 Additional tests and tests on board

Section 15 Testing

1 General 96

1.1 Rule application1.2 Insulation-testing instruments

2 Type approved components 962.1


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3 Insulation resistance 96

3.1 Lighting and power circuits3.2 Internal communication circuits3.3 Switchboards3.4 Generators and motors

4 Earth 96

4.1 Electrical constructions4.2 Metal-sheathed cables, metal pipes or conduits

5 Operational tests 97

5.1 Generating sets and their protective devices5.2 Switchgear5.3 Consuming devices5.4 Communication systems5.5 Installations in areas with a risk of explosion5.6 Voltage drop

Appendix 1 Indirect Test Method for Synchronous Machines

1 General 98

1.1 Test method


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CHAPTER 3

AUTOMATION

Section 1 General Requirements

1 General 103

1.1 Field of application1.2 Regulations and standards1.3 Definitions1.4 General

2 Documentation 104

2.1 General2.2 Documents to be submitted

2.3 Documents for computer based system2.4 Documents for type approval of equipment

3 Environmental and supply conditions 105

3.1 General3.2 Power supply conditions

4 Materials and construction 106

4.1 General4.2 Type approved components

5 Alterations and additions 106

5.1

Section 2 Design Requirements

1 General 107

1.1

2 Power supply of automation systems 107

2.1

3 Control systems 107

3.1 General

3.2 Local control3.3 Remote control systems3.4 Automatic control systems

4 Control of propulsion machinery 108

4.1 Remote control4.2 Remote control from navigating bridge4.3 Automatic control4.4 Automatic control of propulsion and manoeuvring units4.5 Clutches4.6 Brakes

5 Communications 109

5.1 Communications between navigating bridge and machinery space5.2 Engineers alarm


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6 Remote control of valves 109

6.1

7 Alarm system 110

7.1 General requirements

7.2 Alarm functions

8 Safety system 110

8.1 Design8.2 Function8.3 Shutdown8.4 Standby systems8.5 Testing

Section 3 Computer Based Systems

1 General requirements 112

1.1 General1.2 System type approval1.3 System operation1.4 System reliability1.5 System failure1.6 System redundancy

2 Hardware 112

2.1 General2.2 Housing

3 Software 1123.1 General3.2 Software development quality

4 Data transmission link 113

4.1 General4.2 Hardware support4.3 Transmission software4.4 Transmission operation4.5 Redundant network

5 Man-machine interface 113

5.1 General5.2 System functional indication5.3 Input devices5.4 Output devices5.5 Workstations5.6 Computer dialogue

6 Integrated systems 114

6.1 General

7 Expert system 114

7.1

8 System testing 1158.1


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9 System maintenance 115

9.1 Maintenance

Section 4 Constructional Requirements

1 General 116

1.1 General1.2 Materials1.3 Component design1.4 Environmental and supply conditions

2 Electrical and/or electronic systems 116

2.1 General2.2 Electronic system2.3 Electrical system

3 Pneumatic systems 1173.1

4 Hydraulic systems 117

4.1

5 Automation consoles 117

5.1 General5.2 Indicating instruments5.3 VDUs and keyboards

Section 5 Installation Requirements

1 General 118

1.1

2 Sensors and components 118

2.1 General2.2 Temperature elements2.3 Pressure elements2.4 Level switches

3 Cables 118

3.1 Installation3.2 Cable terminations

4 Pipes 119

4.1

5 Automation consoles 119

5.1 General

Section 6 Testing

1 General 1201.1 General


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2 Type approval 120

2.1 General2.2 Hardware type approval2.3 Software type approval2.4 Navigational and radio equipment

2.5 Loading instruments2.6 Oil mist detection system

3 Acceptance testing 126

3.1 General3.2 Hardware testing3.3 Software testing

4 On board tests 126

4.1 General

Appendix 1 Type Testing Procedure for Crankcase Oil Mist Detection andAlarm Equipment

1 General 128

1.1 Scope1.2 Recognised standard1.3 Purpose1.4 Test facilities

2 Testing 128

2.1 Equipment testing2.2 Functional tests2.3 Detectors and alarm equipment to be tested2.4 Method2.5 Assessment2.6 Design series qualification2.7 Test report2.8 Acceptance


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Part C

Machinery, Electricity, Automation and

Fire Protection

Chapter 2

ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS

SECTION

1 GENERAL

SECTION 2 GENERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 3 SYSTEM DESIGN

SECTION 4 ROTATING MACHINES

SECTION 5 TRANSFORMERS

SECTION

6 SEMICONDUCTOR

CONVERTORS

SECTION 7 STORAGE BATTERIESAND CHARGERS

SECTION 8 SWITCHGEARAND CONTROLGEAR ASSEMBLIES

SECTION 9 CABLES

SECTION 10 MISCELLANEOUS EQUIPMENT

SECTION 11 LOCATION

SECTION 12 INSTALLATION

SECTION 13 HIGH VOLTAGE INSTALLATIONS

SECTION 14 ELECTRIC PROPULSION PLANT

SECTION 15 TESTING

APPENDIX 1 INDIRECT TEST METHODFOR SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES


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Pt C, Ch 2, Sec 1


SECTION 1 GENERAL

1 Application

1.1 General

1.1.1 The requirements of this Chapter apply to electricalinstallations on ships. In particular, they apply to the com-ponents of electrical installations for:

primary essential services

secondary essential services

essential services for special purposes connected withships specifically intended for such purposes (e.g. cargo

pumps on tankers, cargo refrigerating systems, air con-ditioning systems on passenger ships)

services for habitability.

The other parts of the installation are to be so designed as notto introduce any risks or malfunctions to the above services.

1.1.2 The Society may consider modified requirements forinstallations not exceeding either 50 V or 50 kW total genera-tor capacity (and for ships classed for restricted navigation).

1.2 References to other regulations and

standards

1.2.1 The Society may refer to other regulations and stan-dards when deemed necessary. These include the IEC publi-cations, notably the IEC 60092 series.

1.2.2 When referred to by the Society, publications by theInternational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) or otherinternationally recognised standards, are those currently inforce at the date of agreement for ship classification.

2 Documentation to be submitted

2.1

2.1.1 The documents listed in Tab 1 are to be submitted.The list of documents requested is to be intended as guid-ance for the complete set of information to be submitted,rather than an actual list of titles.

The Society reserves the right to request the submission ofadditional documents in the case of non-conventionaldesign or if it is deemed necessary for the evaluation of thesystem, equipment or components.

Unless otherwise agreed with the Society, documents forapproval are to be sent in triplicate if submitted by the Ship-yard and in four copies if submitted by the equipment supplier.

Documents requested for information are to be sent induplicate.

In any case, the Society reserves the right to require addi-tional copies when deemed necessary.

3 Definitions

3.1 General

3.1.1 Unless otherwise stated, the terms used in this Chap-ter have the definitions laid down by the IEC standards.

The definitions given in the following requirements alsoapply.

3.2 Essential services

3.2.1 Essential services are defined in Pt A, Ch 1, Sec 1,[1.2.1]. They are subdivided in primary and secondaryessential services.

3.3 Primary essential services

3.3.1 Primary essential services are those which need to bemaintained in continuous operation.

Examples of equipment for primary essential services arethe following:

steering gear

actuating systems of controllable pitch propellers

scavenging air blowers, fuel oil supply pumps, fuelvalve cooling pumps, lubricating oil pumps and coolingwater pumps for main and auxiliary engines and tur-bines necessary for the propulsion

forced draught fans, feed water pumps, water circulatingpumps, condensate pumps, oil burning installations, forsteam plants or steam turbines ship, and also for auxil-iary boilers on ship where steam is used for equipmentsupplying primary essential services

azimuth thrusters which are the sole means for propul-sion/steering with lubricating oil pumps, cooling waterpumps

electrical equipment for electric propulsion plant withlubricating oil pumps and cooling water pumps

electric generators and associated power sources sup-plying the above equipment

hydraulic pumps supplying the above equipment

viscosity control equipment for heavy fuel oil

control, monitoring and safety devices/systems forequipment for primary essential services

speed regulators dependent on electrical energy formain or auxiliary engines necessary for propulsion

starting equipment of diesel engines and gas turbines.

The main lighting system for those parts of the ship nor-mally accessible to and used by personnel and passengersis also considered (included as) a primary essential service.


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Table 1 : Documents to be submitted

3.4 Secondary essential services

3.4.1 Secondary essential services are those services whichneed not necessarily be in continuous operation.

Examples of equipment for secondary essential services arethe following:

windlasses

thrusters

fuel oil transfer pumps and fuel oil treatment equipment

lubrication oil transfer pumps and lubrication oil treat-ment equipment

preheaters for heavy fuel oil

sea water pumps

starting air and control air compressors

bilge, ballast and heeling pumps

fire pumps and other fire-extinguishing medium pumps

ventilation fans for engine and boiler rooms

N I/A (1) Documents to be submitted

1 A General arrangement of electrical installation.

2 A Single line diagram of main and emergency power and lighting systems.

3 I Electrical power balance (main and emergency supply).4 A Calculation of short-circuit currents for each installation in which the sum of rated power of the energy sources

which may be connected contemporaneously to the network is greater than 500 kVA (kW).

5 A Where the maximal short-circuit current on the main bus-bar is expected to exceed 50 kA for the main andemergency switchboards, justification of the main bus-bar and bracket strength related to induced electro-magnetic forces (except junction bars to the interrupting and protective devices).

6 A List of circuits including, for each supply and distribution circuit, data concerning the nominal current, the cabletype, length and cross-section, nominal and setting values of the protective and control devices.

7 A Single line diagram and detailed diagram of the main switchboard.

8 A Single line diagram and detailed diagram of the emergency switchboard.

9 A Diagram of the most important section boards or motor control centres (above 100 kW).

10 A Diagram of the supply for monitoring and control systems of propulsion motors and generator prime movers.

11 A Diagram of the supply, monitoring and control systems of the rudder propellers.

12 A Diagram of the supply, monitoring and control systems of controllable pitch propellers.

13 A Diagram of the general emergency alarm system, of the public address system and other intercommunicationsystems.

14 A Detailed diagram of the navigation-light switchboard.

15 A Diagram of the remote stop system (ventilation, fuel pump, fuel valves, etc.).

16 A List of batteries including type and manufacturer, voltage and capacity, location and equipment and/or system(s)served, maintenance and replacement schedule (when used for essential and emergency services).

17 A (2) Selectivity and coordination of the electrical protection.

18 A (3) Single line diagram.

19 A (3) Principles of control system and its power supply.20 A (3) Alarm and monitoring system including:

list of alarms and monitoring points

power supply diagram.

21 A (3) Safety system including:

list of monitored parameters for safety system

power supply diagram.

22 I (3) Arrangements and details of the propulsion control consoles and panels.

23 I (3) Arrangements and details of electrical coupling.

24 I (3) Arrangements and details of the frequency convertors together with the justification of their characteristics.

25 I (3) Arrangements of the cooling system provided for the frequency convertor and motor enclosure.

26 A (3) Test program for convertors and rotating machines having rated power > 3 MW, dock and sea trials.(1) A : To be submitted for approval

I : To be submitted for information.

(2) For high voltage installations.

(3) For electric propulsion installations.


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Pt C, Ch 2, Sec 1


services considered necessary to maintain dangerouscargo in a safe condition

navigation lights, aids and signals

internal safety communication equipment

fire detection and alarm systems electrical equipment for watertight closing appliances

electric generators and associated power supplying theabove equipment

hydraulic pumps supplying the above mentioned equip-ment

control, monitoring and safety for cargo containmentsystems

control, monitoring and safety devices/systems forequipment for secondary essential services.

cooling system of environmentally controlled spaces.

3.4.2 Services for habitability are those intended for mini-mum comfort conditions for people on board.

Examples of equipment for maintaining conditions of habit-ability:

cooking

heating

domestic refrigeration

mechanical ventilation

sanitary and fresh water

electric generators and associated power sources sup-plying the above equipment.

3.5 Safety voltage

3.5.1 A voltage which does not exceed 50 V a.c. r.m.s.between conductors, or between any conductor and earth,in a circuit isolated from the supply by means such as asafety isolating transformer.

3.5.2 A voltage which does not exceed 50 V d.c. betweenconductors or between any conductor and earth in a circuitisolated from higher voltage circuits.

3.6 Low-voltage systems

3.6.1 Alternating current systems with rated voltagesgreater than 50 V r.m.s. up to 1000 V r.m.s. inclusive anddirect current systems with a maximum instantaneous valueof the voltage under rated operating conditions greater than50 V up to 1500 V inclusive.

3.7 High-voltage systems

3.7.1 Alternating current systems with rated voltages

greater than 1000 V r.m.s. and direct current systems with amaximum instantaneous value of the voltage under ratedoperating conditions greater than 1500 V.

3.8 Basic insulation

3.8.1 Insulation applied to live parts to provide basic pro-tection against electric shock.

Note 1: Basic insulation does not necessarily include insulation

used exclusively for functional purposes.

3.9 Supplementary insulation

3.9.1 Independent insulation applied in addition to basicinsulation in order to provide protection against electricshock in the event of a failure of basic insulation.

3.10 Double insulation

3.10.1 Insulation comprising both basic insulation and sup-plementary insulation.

3.11 Reinforced insulation

3.11.1 A single insulation system applied to live parts,which provides a degree of protection against electric shockequivalent to double insulation.

Note 1: The term "insulation system" does not imply that the insula-tion must be one homogeneous piece. It may comprise several lay-ers which cannot be tested singly as supplementary or basicinsulation.

3.12 Earthing

3.12.1 The earth connection to the general mass of the hullof the ship in such a manner as will ensure at all times animmediate discharge of electrical energy without danger.

3.13 Normal operational and habitable condition

3.13.1 A condition under which the ship as a whole, themachinery, services, means and aids ensuring propulsion,ability to steer, safe navigation, fire and flooding safety,internal and external communications and signals, means ofescape, and emergency boat winches, as well as thedesigned comfortable conditions of habitability are in work-

ing order and functioning normally.

3.14 Emergency condition

3.14.1 A condition under which any services needed fornormal operational and habitable conditions are not inworking order due to failure of the main source of electrical

power.

3.15 Main source of electrical power

3.15.1 A source intended to supply electrical power to the

main switchboard for distribution to all services necessaryfor maintaining the ship in normal operational and habitablecondition.


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3.16 Dead ship condition

3.16.1 The condition under which the main propulsion

plant, boilers and auxiliaries are not in operation due to the

absence of power.

Note 1: Dead ship condition is a condition in which the entire

machinery installation, including the power supply, is out of opera-

tion and the auxiliary services such as compressed air, starting cur-

rent from batteries etc., for bringing the main propulsion into

operation and for the restoration of the main power supply are not

available.

3.17 Main generating station

3.17.1 The space in which the main source of electrical

power is situated.

3.18 Main switchboard

3.18.1 A switchboard which is directly supplied by the

main source of electrical power and is intended to distribute

electrical energy to the ships services.

3.19 Emergency switchboard

3.19.1 A switchboard which in the event of failure of the

main electrical power supply system is directly supplied by

the emergency source of electrical power or the transitional

source of emergency and is intended to distribute electricalenergy to the emergency services.

3.20 Emergency source of electrical power

3.20.1 A source of electrical power, intended to supply the

emergency switchboard in the event of failure of the supply

from the main source of electrical power.

3.21 Section boards

3.21.1 A switchgear and controlgear assembly which issupplied by another assembly and arranged for the distribu-

tion of electrical energy to other section boards or distribu-

tion boards.

3.22 Distribution board

3.22.1 A switchgear and controlgear assembly arranged for

the distribution of electrical energy to final sub-circuits.

3.23 Final sub-circuit

3.23.1 That portion of a wiring system extending beyond

the final required overcurrent protective device of a board.

3.24 Hazardous areas

3.24.1 Areas in which an explosive atmosphere is or maybe expected to be present in quantities such as to requirespecial precautions for the construction, installation anduse of electrical apparatus.

Note 1: An explosive gas atmosphere is a mixture with air, underatmospheric conditions, of flammable substances in the form ofgas, vapour or mist, in which, after ignition, combustion spreadsthroughout the unconsumed mixture.

3.24.2 Hazardous areas are classified in zones based uponthe frequency and the duration of the occurrence of explo-sive atmosphere.

3.24.3 Hazardous areas for explosive gas atmosphere areclassified in the following zones:

Zone 0: an area in which an explosive gas atmosphereis present continuously or is present for long periods

Zone 1: an area in which an explosive gas atmosphereis likely to occur in normal operation

Zone 2: an area in which an explosive gas atmosphereis not likely to occur in normal operation and if it doesoccur, is likely to do only infrequently and will exist fora short period only.

3.25 High fire risk areas

3.25.1 The high fire risk areas are defined as follows:

a) machinery spaces as defined in Ch 4, Sec 1, [3.24]

b) spaces containing fuel treatment equipment and otherhighly inflammable substances

c) galleys and pantries containing cooking appliances

d) laundry with drying equipment

e) spaces as defined in Ch 4, Sec 5, [1.3.3] for ships carry-ing more than 36 passengers, as:

(8) accommodation spaces of greater fire risk

(12) machinery spaces and main galleys

(14) other spaces in which flammable liquids arestowed

f) enclosed or semi-enclosed hazardous spaces, in whichcertified safe type electric equipment is required.

3.26 Certified safe-type equipment

3.26.1 Certified safe-type equipment is electrical equip-ment of a type for which a national or other appropriateauthority has carried out the type verifications and tests

necessary to certify the safety of the equipment with regardto explosion hazard when used in an explosive gas atmo-sphere.


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3.27 Environmental categories

3.27.1 Electrical equipment is classified into environmentalcategories according to the temperature range, vibrationlevels, and resistance to chemically active substances andto humidity.

The designation of the environmental categories is indi-cated by the EC Code in Tab 2.

The first characteristic numeral indicates the temperaturerange in which the electrical equipment operates satisfacto-rily, as specified in Tab 3.

The second characteristic numeral indicates the vibrationlevel in which the electrical equipment operates satisfacto-rily, as specified in Tab 4.

3.27.2 The tests for verifying the additional and supple-mentary letters and the characteristic numeral of the envi-ronmental categories are defined in Ch 3, Sec 6.

3.28 Black out situation

3.28.1 A blackout situation means that the main and aux-iliary machinery installations, including the main powersupply, are out of operation but the services for bringingthem into operation (e.g. compressed air, starting currentfrom batteries, etc.) are available.

Table 2 : EC Code

Table 3 : First characteristic numeral

Table 4 : Second characteristic numeral

Code letter First characteristic numeral Second characteristic numeral Additional letter Supplementary letter

EC (numerals 1 to 4) (numerals 1 to 3) (letter S) (1) (letter C) (2)

(1) The additional letter S indicates the resistance to salt mist (exposed decks, masts) of the electrical equipment.

(2) The supplementary letter C indicates the relative humidity up to 80% (air conditioned areas) in which the electrical equipmentoperates satisfactorily.

First characteristic numeral Brief description of location Temperature range, in C

1 Air conditioned areas + 5 + 40

2 Enclosed spaces + 5 + 45

3 Inside consoles or close to combustion engines and similar + 5 + 55

4 Exposed decks, masts 25 + 45

Secondcharacteristic

numeralBrief description of location

Frequency range,in Hz

Displacementamplitude,

in mm

Accelerationamplitude g

1 Machinery spaces, command and control stations,accommodation spaces, exposed decks, cargo spaces

from 2,0 to 13,2 1,0

from 13,2 to 100 0,7

2 Masts from 2,0 to 13,2 3,0

from 13,2 to 50 2,1

3 On air compressors, on diesel engines and similar from 2,0 to 25,0 1,6

from 25,0 to 100 4,0


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SECTION 2 GENERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

1 Environmental conditions

1.1 General

1.1.1 The electrical components of installations are to bedesigned and constructed to operate satisfactorily under theenvironmental conditions on board.

In particular, the conditions shown in the tables in this Arti-cle are to be taken into account.

Note 1: The environmental conditions are characterised by:

one set of variables including climatic conditions (e.g. ambientair temperature and humidity), conditions dependent uponchemically active substances (e.g. salt mist) or mechanicallyactive substances (e.g. dust or oil), mechanical conditions (e.g.vibrations or inclinations) and conditions dependent uponelectromagnetic noise and interference, and

another set of variables dependent mainly upon location onvessels, operational patterns and transient conditions.

1.2 Ambient air temperatures

1.2.1 For ships classed for unrestricted navigation, theambient air temperature ranges shown in Tab 1 are applica-ble in relation to the various locations of installation.

Table 1 : Ambient air temperature

1.2.2 For ships classed for service in specific zones, theSociety may accept different ranges for the ambient air tem-perature (e.g. for ships operating outside the tropical belt,the maximum ambient air temperature may be assumed asequal to + 40C instead of + 45C).

1.3 Humidity

1.3.1 For ships classed for unrestricted service, the humid-ity ranges shown in Tab 2 are applicable in relation to thevarious locations of installation.

Table 2 : Humidity

1.4 Sea water temperatures

1.4.1 The temperatures shown in Tab 3 are applicable toships classed for unrestricted service.

Table 3 : Water temperature

1.4.2 For ships classed for service in specific zones, theSociety may accept different values for the sea water tem-

perature (e.g. for ships operating outside the tropical belt,the maximum sea water temperature may be assumed asequal to + 25C instead of + 32C).

1.5 Salt mist

1.5.1 The applicable salt mist content in the air is to be1mg/m3.

1.6 Inclinations

1.6.1 The inclinations applicable are those shown in Tab 4.

The Society may consider deviations from these angles ofinclination taking into consideration the type, size and ser-vice conditions of the ships.

1.7 Vibrations

1.7.1 In relation to the location of the electrical compo-nents, the vibration levels given in Tab 5 are to be assumed.

1.7.2 The natural frequencies of the equipment, their sus-pensions and their supports are to be outside the frequencyranges specified.

Where this is not possible using a suitable constructionaltechnique, the equipment vibrations are to be dumped so asto avoid unacceptable amplifications.

2 Quality of power supply

2.1 General

2.1.1 All electrical components supplied from the mainand emergency systems are to be so designed and manufac-tured that they are capable of operating satisfactorily underthe normally occuring variations in voltage and frequencyspecified from [2.2] to [2.4].

2.2 a.c. distribution systems

2.2.1 For alternating current components the voltage andfrequency variations of power supply shown in Tab 6 are tobe assumed.

Location Temperature range, in C

Enclosed spaces + 5 + 45

Inside consoles or fitted on com-bustion engines and similar

+ 5 + 55

Air conditioned areas + 5 + 40

Exposed decks 25 + 45

Location Humidity

General 95% at 55C

Air conditioned areas Different values may be consideredon a case by case basis

Coolant Temperature range, in C

Sea water 0 + 32


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Table 4 : Inclination of ship

Table 5 : Vibration levels

Table 6 : Voltage and frequency variations of

power supply in a.c.

2.3 d.c. distribution systems

2.3.1 For direct current components the power supply vari-ations shown in Tab 7 are to be assumed.

Table 7 : Voltage variations in d.c.

2.3.2 For direct current components supplied by electrical

battery the following voltage variations are to be assumed:

+30% to 25% for components connected to the bat-tery during charging (see [2.3.2], Note 1)

+20% to 25% for components not connected to the

battery during charging.

Note 1: Different voltage variations as determined by the charg-

ing/discharging characteristics, including ripple voltage from the

charging device, may be considered.

2.3.3 Any special system, e.g. electronic circuits, whosefunction cannot operate satisfactorily within the limits

shown in the tables should not be supplied directly from thesystem but by alternative means, e.g. through stabilized

supply.

2.4 Harmonic distortions

2.4.1 For components intended for systems without sub-stantially static converter loads and supplied by synchro-

nous generators, it is assumed that the total voltageharmonic distortion does not exceed 5%, and the singleharmonic does not exceed 3% of the nominal voltage.

Type of machinery, equipment or component

Angles of inclination, in degrees (1)

Athwartship Fore-and-aft

static dynamic (4) static dynamic (5)

Machinery and equipment relative to main electrical power installation 15 22,5 5 7,5

Machinery and equipment relative to the emergency power installationand crew and passenger safety systems of the ship (e.g. emergency sourceof power, emergency fire pumps, etc.)

22,5 (2) 22,5 (2) 10 10

Switchgear and associated electrical and electronic components andremote control systems (3)

22,5 22,5 10 10

(1) Athwartship and fore-and-aft angles may occur simultaneously in their most unfavourable combination.

(2) In the case of gas carriers or chemical tankers, the emergency power supply must also remain operable with the ship flooded toa final athwartship inclination up to a maximum of 30.

(3) No undesired switching operations or functional changes may occur up to an angle of inclination of 45.

(4) The period of dynamic inclination may be assumed equal to 10 s.

(5) The period of dynamic inclination may be assumed equal to 5 s.

LocationFrequency range,

in HzDisplacement

amplitude, in mm

Acceleration

amplitude g

Machinery spaces, command and control stations, accommodationspaces, exposed decks, cargo spaces

from 2,0 to 13,2 1,0

from 13,2 to 100 0,7

On air compressors, on diesel engines and similarfrom 2,0 to 25,0 1,6

from 25,0 to 100 4,0

Mastsfrom 2,0 to 13,2 3,0

from 13,2 to 50 2,1

ParameterVariations

Continuous Transient

Voltage + 6% 10% 20% (recovery time: 1,5 s)

Frequency 5% 10% (recovery time: 5 s)

Note 1: For alternating current components supplied byemergency generating sets, different variations may be con-sidered.

Parameters Variations

Voltage tolerance (continuous) 10%

Voltage cyclic variation 5%

Voltage ripple (a.c. r.m.s. over steady d.c.voltage)

10%


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2.4.2 For components intended for systems fed by staticconverters, and/or systems in which the static converterload predominates, it is assumed that:

the single harmonics do not exceed 5% of the nominalvoltage up to the 15th harmonic of the nominal fre-quency, decreasing to 1% at the 100th harmonic (seeFig 1), and that

the total harmonic distortion does not exceed 10%.

Figure 1 :

2.4.3 Higher values for the harmonic content (e.g. in elec-tric propulsion plant systems) may be accepted on the basisof correct operation of all electrical devices.

3 Electromagnetic susceptibility

3.1

3.1.1 For electronic type components such as sensors,alarm panels, automatic and remote control equipment,protective devices and speed regulators, the conducted andradiated disturbance levels to be assumed are those given inPart C, Chapter 3.

Note 1: See also IEC Publication 60533 - Electromagnetic Com-patibility of Electrical and Electronic Installations in Ships and ofMobile and Fixed Offshore Units.

3.1.2 Electrical and electronic equipment on the bridgeand in the vicinity of the bridge, not required neither byclassification rules nor by International Conventions andliable to cause electromagnetic disturbance, shall be of typewhich fulfil the test requirements of test specification Ch 3,Sec 6, Tab 1, tests 19 and 20.

4 Materials

4.1 General

4.1.1 In general, and unless it is adequately protected, allelectrical equipment is to be constructed of durable, flame-retardant, moisture-resistant materials which are not subjectto deterioration in the atmosphere and at the temperaturesto which they are likely to be exposed. Particular consider-ation is to be given to sea air and oil vapour contamination.

Note 1: The flame-retardant and moisture-resistant characteristicsmay be verified by means of the tests cited in IEC Publication60092-101 or in other recognised standards.

4.1.2 Where the use of incombustible materials or liningwith such materials is required, the incombustibility charac-teristics may be verified by means of the test cited in IECPublication 60092-101 or in other recognised standards.

4.2 Insulating materials for windings

4.2.1 Insulated windings are to be resistant to moisture, seaair and oil vapour unless special precautions are taken toprotect insulants against such agents.

4.2.2 The insulation classes given in Tab 8 may be used inaccordance with IEC Publication 60085.

Table 8 : Insulation Classes

4.3 Insulating materials for cables

4.3.1 See Ch 2, Sec 9, [1.3].

5 Construction

5.1 General

5.1.1 All electrical apparatus is to be so constructed as notto cause injury when handled or touched in the normalmanner.

5.1.2 The design of electrical equipment is to allow acces-sibility to each part that needs inspection or adjustment,also taking into account its arrangement on board.

5.1.3 Enclosures are to be of adequate mechanical strengthand rigidity.

5.1.4 Enclosures for electrical equipment are generally tobe of metal; other materials may be accepted for accesso-ries such as connection boxes, socket-outlets, switches andluminaires. Other exemptions for enclosures or parts ofenclosures not made of metal will be specially consideredby the Society.

5.1.5 Cable entrance are not to impair the degree of pro-tection of the relevant enclosure (see Ch 2, Sec 3, Tab 2).

5.1.6 All nuts and screws used in connection with current-carrying parts and working parts are to be effectivelylocked.

5.1.7 All equipment is generally to be provided with suit-able, fixed terminal connectors in an accessible position forconvenient connection of the external cables.

10

5

1

0,11 3 10 15 100

U U

(%)

ClassMaximum continuous operating

temperature, in C

A 105

E 120

B 130

F 155

H 180


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5.2 Degree of protection of enclosures

5.2.1 Electrical equipment is to be protected against theingress of foreign bodies and water.

The minimum required degree of protection, in relation tothe place of installation, is generally that specified in Ch 2,Sec 3, Tab 2.

5.2.2 The degrees of protection are to be in accordancewith:

IEC Publication No. 60529 for equipment in general

IEC Publication No. 60034-5 for rotating machines.

5.2.3 For cable entries see [4.3.1].

6 Protection against explosion hazard

6.1 Protection against explosive gas or

vapour atmosphere hazard

6.1.1 Electrical equipment intended for use in areas whereexplosive gas or vapour atmospheres may occur (e.g. oiltankers, liquefied gas carriers, chemical tankers, etc.), is tobe of a "safe type" suitable for the relevant flammable atmo-sphere and for shipboard use.

6.1.2 The following certified safe type equipment is con-sidered:

intrinsically-safe: Ex(ia) - Ex(ib)

flameproof: Ex(d)

increased safety: Ex(e) pressurised enclosure: Ex(p)

encapsulated: Ex(m)

sand filled: Ex(q)

special protection: Ex(s) (apparatus not conforming withIEC 60079 may be considered safe by a national orother authorised body for use in potentially explosiveatmospheres. In such cases, the apparatus is identifiedwith the symbol s)

oil-immersed apparatus (only when required by theapplication): Ex(o).

6.1.3 Other equipment complying with types of protectionother than those in [6.1.2] may be considered by the Soci-ety, such as:

simple electrical apparatus and components (e.g. ther-mocouples, photocells, strain gauges, junction boxes,switching devices), included in intrinsically-safe circuitsnot capable of storing or generating electrical power orenergy in excess of limits stated in the relevant rules

electrical apparatus specifically designed and certifiedby the appropriate authority for use in Zone 0 or spe-cially tested for Zone 2 (e.g. type n protection)

equipment the type of which ensures the absence ofsparks and arcs and of hot spots during its normaloperation

pressurised equipment

equipment having an enclosure filled with a liquiddielectric, or encapsulated.

6.2 Protection against combustible dust

hazard

6.2.1 Electrical appliances intended for use in areas wherea combustible dust hazard may be present are to bearranged with enclosures having a degree of protection and

maximum surface temperature suitable for the dust towhich they may be exposed.

Note 1: Where the characteristics of the dust are unknown, theappliances are to have a degree of protection IP6X. For most dusts amaximum surface temperature of 200C is considered adequate.


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SECTION 3 SYSTEM DESIGN

1 Supply systems and characteristicsof the supply

1.1 Supply systems

1.1.1 The following distribution systems may be used:

a) on d.c. installations:

two-wire insulated

two-wire with one pole earthed

b) on a.c. installations:

three-phase three-wire with neutral insulated three-phase three-wire with neutral directly earthed

or earthed through an impedance

three-phase four-wire with neutral directly earthedor earthed through an impedance

single-phase two-wire insulated

single-phase two-wire with one phase earthed.

1.1.2 Distribution systems other than those listed in [1.1.1]will be considered by the Society on a case by case basis.

1.1.3 The hull return system of distribution is not to be usedfor power, heating or lighting in any ship of 1600 tons grosstonnage and upwards.

1.1.4 The requirement of [1.1.3] does not preclude underconditions approved by the Society the use of:

a) impressed current cathodic protective systems

b) limited and locally earthed systems, or

c) insulation level monitoring devices provided the circu-lation current does not exceed 30 mA under the mostunfavourable conditions.

Note 1: Limited and locally earthed systems such as starting andignition systems of internal combustion engines are accepted pro-vided that any possible resulting current does not flow directlythrough any dangerous spaces.

1.1.5 For the supply systems of ships carrying liquid devel-oping combustible gases or vapours, see Pt D, Ch 7, Sec 5,Pt D, Ch 8, Sec 10 or Pt D, Ch 9, Sec 10.

1.1.6 For the supply systems in HV Installations, see Ch 2,Sec 13.

1.2 Maximum voltages

1.2.1 The maximum voltages for both alternating currentand direct current low-voltage systems of supply for theships services are given in Tab 1.

1.2.2 Voltages exceeding those shown will be specially

considered in the case of specific systems.

1.2.3 For high voltage systems, see Ch 2, Sec 13.

2 Sources of electrical power

2.1 General

2.1.1 Electrical installations are to be such that:

a) All electrical auxiliary services necessary for maintainingthe ship in normal operational and habitable conditionsand for the preservation of the cargo will be assuredwithout recourse to the emergency source of electrical

power.

b) Electrical services essential for safety will be assuredunder various emergency conditions.

c) When a.c. generators are involved, attention is to begiven to the starting of squirrel-cage motors connectedto the system, particularly with regard to the effect of themagnitude and duration of the transient voltage changeproduced due to the maximum starting current and thepower factor. The voltage drop due to such starting cur-rent is not to cause any motor already operating to stallor have any adverse effect on other equipment in use.

2.2 Main source of electrical power

2.2.1 A main source of electrical power is to be provided,of sufficient capability to supply all electrical auxiliary ser-vices necessary for maintaining the ship in normal opera-tional and habitable conditions and for the preservation ofthe cargo without recourse to the emergency source of elec-trical power.

2.2.2 For vessels propelled by electrical power and havingtwo or more constant voltage propulsion generating setswhich constitute the source of electrical energy for theships auxiliary services, see Ch 2, Sec 14.

2.2.3 The main source of electrical power is to consist of at

least two generating sets.The capacity of these generating sets is to be such that in theevent of any one generating set being stopped it will still bepossible to supply those services necessary to provide:

a) normal operational conditions of propulsion and safety(see [2.2.4])

b) minimum comfortable conditions of habitability (see Ch2, Sec 1, [3.4.2])

c) preservation of the cargo, i. e. all the equipment whichare needed for refrigerated cargo or operation of anysafety device, such as inert gas generator.

Such capacity is, in addition, to be sufficient to start thelargest motor without causing any other motor to stop orhaving any adverse effect on other equipment in operation.


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Table 1 : Maximum voltages for various ship services

2.2.4 Those services necessary to provide normal opera-tional conditions of propulsion and safety include primaryand secondary essential services.

For the purpose of calculating the capacity necessary for

such services, it is essential to consider which of them canbe expected to be in use simultaneously.

For a duplicated service, one being supplied electricallyand the other non-electrically (e.g. driven by the mainengine), the electrical capacity is not included in the abovecalculation.

2.2.5 The services in [2.2.4] do not include:

thrusters not forming part of the main propulsion(except in manoeuvring conditions)

cargo handling gear

cargo pumps refrigerators for air conditioning.

2.2.6 Further to the provisions above, the generating setsshall be such as to ensure that with any one generator or its

primary source of power out of operation, the remaininggenerating sets shall be capable of providing the electricalservices necessary to start the main propulsion plant from a"dead ship" condition.

2.2.7 Where the electrical power is normally supplied bymore than one generator set simultaneously in paralleloperation, provision of protection, including automatic dis-

connection of sufficient non-essential services and, if neces-sary, secondary essential services and those provided forhabitability, should be made to ensure that, in case of loss

of any of these generating sets, the remaining ones are keptin operation to permit propulsion and steering and toensure safety.

2.2.8 Where the electrical power is normally supplied byone generator, provision shall be made, upon loss of power,for automatic starting and connecting to the main switch-board of stand-by generator(s) of sufficient capacity withautomatic restarting of the essential auxiliaries, in sequen-tial operation if required. Starting and connection to themain switchboard of the stand-by generator is to be prefera-bly within 30 seconds, but in any case not more than 45seconds after loss of power.

Where prime movers with longer starting time are used, thisstarting and connection time may be exceeded uponapproval from the Society.

2.2.9 Load shedding or other equivalent arrangementsshould be provided to protect the generators required in thepresent Article against sustained overload.

The load shedding should be automatic.

The non-essential services, services for habitability and, ifnecessary, the secondary essential services may be shed inorder to make sure that the connected generator set(s) is/arenot overloaded.

2.2.10 The emergency source of electrical power may beused for the purpose of starting from a "dead ship" condi-tion if its capability either alone or combined with that ofany other source of electrical power is sufficient to provide

at the same time those services required to be supplied inaccordance with the provisions of [3.6.3], items a), b), c)and d), or Pt D, Ch 11, Sec 5 for passenger ships.

Use Maximum voltage V

For permanently installed andconnected to fixed wiring

Power equipment 1000

Heating equipment (except in accommodation spaces) 500

Cooking equipment 500

Lighting 250

Space heaters in accommodation spaces 250

Control (1), communication (including signal lamps) and instrumentationequipment

250

For permanently installed andconnected by flexible cable

Power and heating equipment, where such connection is necessary becauseof the application (e.g. for moveable cranes or other hoisting gear)

1000

For socket-outlets supplying Portable appliances which are not hand-held during operation(e.g. refrigerated containers) by flexible cables

1000

Portable appliances and other consumers by flexible cables 250

Equipment requiring extra precaution against electric shock where a

isolating transformer is used to supply one appliance (2)

250

Equipment requiring extra precaution against electric shock with or withouta safety transformer (2)

50

(1) For control equipment which is part of a power and heating installation (e.g. pressure or temperature switches for start/stopmotors), the same maximum voltage as allowed for the power and heating equipment may be used provided that all compo-nents are constructed for such voltage. However, the control voltage to external equipment is not to exceed 500 V.

(2) Both conductors in such systems are to be insulated from earth.


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2.2.11 The arrangement of the ships main source of electri-cal power shall be such that essential services can be main-tained regardless of the speed and direction of rotation ofthe main propulsion machinery or shafting.

2.2.12 Generators driven by the propulsion plant (shaft

generators) which are intended to operate at constant speed(e.g. a system where vessel speed and direction are con-trolled by varying propeller pitch) may be accepted as form-ing part of the main source of electrical power if, in allsailing and manoeuvring conditions including the propellerbeing stopped, the capacity of these generators is sufficientto provide the electrical power to comply with [2.2.3] andall further requirements, especially those of [2.2.6]. Theyare to be not less effective and reliable than the indepen-dent generating sets.

2.2.13 Shaft generator installations which do not complywith the provisions of [2.2.12] may be used as additional

sources of electrical power with respect to the power bal-ance provided that:

a) in the event of a loss of power from the shaft genera-tor(s), e.g. due to a sudden stopping of the propulsionplant, a standby generating set is started automatically

b) the capacity of the standby set is sufficient for the loadsnecessary for propulsion and safety of the vessel

c) the time required to restore these services is not longerthan 45 s.

2.2.14 Where transformers, converters or similar appli-ances constitute an essential part of the electrical supply

system, the system is to be so arranged as to ensure thesame continuity of supply as stated in this sub-article.

This may be achieved by arranging at least two three-phaseor three single-phase transformers supplied, protected andinstalled as indicated in Fig 1, so that with any one trans-former not in operation, the remaining transformer(s) is (are)sufficient to ensure the supply to the services stated in[2.2.3].

Each transformer required is to be located as a separate unitwith separate enclosure or equivalent, and is to be servedby separate circuits on the primary and secondary sides.Each of the primary and secondary circuits is to be providedwith switchgears and protection devices in each phase.

Suitable interlocks or a warning label are to be provided inorder to prevent maintenance or repair of one single-phasetransformer unless both switchgears are opened on their pri-mary and secondary sides.

2.2.15 For ships intended for operation with periodicallyunattended machinery spaces, see Part E, Chapter 3.

2.2.16 For starting arrangements for main generating sets,see Ch 1, Sec 2, [3.1].

2.2.17 Where single phase transformers are used, only onespare element is required if special precautions are taken torapidly replace the faulty one.

2.2.18 Generators and generator systems, having the shippropulsion machinery as their prime mover but not formingpart of the ship main source of electrical power, may beused whilst the ship is at sea to supply electrical servicesrequired for normal operational and habitable conditionsprovided that:

a) there are sufficient and adequately rated additional gen-

erators fitted, which constitute the main source of elec-trical power required by [2.2.1]

Figure 1 :

'P' 'P'

R

S

T

R

S

T

Three-phase transformers

enclosure or separation

R

S

T

R

S

T

Single-phase transformers


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Pt C, Ch 2, Sec 3


b) arrangements are fitted to automatically start one ormore of the generators, constituting the main source ofelectrical power required by [2.2.1], upon the frequencyvariations exceeding 10% of the limits specifiedbelow

c) within the declared operating range of the generatorsand/or generator systems the specified limits for the volt-age variations and the frequency variations in Ch 2, Sec2 can be met

d) the short circuit current of the generator and/or genera-tor system is sufficient to trip the generator/generatorsystem circuit-breaker taking into account the selectivityof the protective devices for the distribution system

e) where considered appropriate, load shedding arrange-ments are to be fitted

f) on ships having remote control of the ship's propulsionmachinery from the navigating bridge, means are pro-vided, or procedures be in place, so as to ensure that

supplies to essential services are maintained duringmanoeuvring conditions in order to avoid a blackout sit-uation.

2.3 Emergency source of electrical power

2.3.1 A self-contained emergency source of electricalpower shall be provided.

2.3.2 Provided that suitable measures are taken for safe-guarding independent emergency operation under all cir-cumstances, the emergency generator may be used,exceptionally, and for short periods, to supply non-emer-

gency circuits.Exceptionally is understood to mean conditions, while thevessel is at sea, such as:

a) blackout situation

b) dead ship situation

c) routine use for testing

d) short-term parallel operation with the main source ofelectrical power for the purpose of load transfer.

Unless otherwise instructed by the Society, the emergencygenerator may be used during lay time in port for the supplyof the ship mains, provided the requirements of [2.4] are

complied with.

2.3.3 The electrical power available shall be sufficient tosupply all those services that are essential for safety in anemergency, due regard being paid to such services as mayhave to be operated simultaneously.

2.3.4 The emergency source of electrical power shall becapable, having regard to starting currents and the transi-tory nature of certain loads, of supplying simultaneously atleast the services stated in [3.6.3] for the period specified, ifthey depend upon an electrical source for their operation.

2.3.5 The transitional source of emergency electrical

power, where required, is to be of sufficient capacity to sup-ply at least the services stated in [3.6.7] for half an hour, ifthey depend upon an electrical source for their operation.

2.3.6 An indicator shall be mounted in a suitable place onthe main switchboard or in the machinery control room toindicate when the batteries constituting either the emer-

gency source of electrical power or the transitional sourceof emergency electrical power referred to in [2.3.15] and[2.3.16] are being discharged.

2.3.7 If the services which are to be supplied by the transi-tional source receive power from an accumulator battery bymeans of semiconductor convertors, means are to be pro-vided for supplying such services also in the event of failureof the convertor (e.g. providing a bypass feeder or a dupli-cation of convertor).

2.3.8 Where electrical power is necessary to restore propul-sion, the capacity of the emergency source shall be suffi-cient to restore propulsion to the ship in conjunction toother machinery as appropriate, from a dead ship conditionwithin 30 min. after blackout.

For the purpose of this requirement only, the dead ship con-dition and blackout are both understood to mean a condi-tion under which the main propulsion plant, boilers andauxiliaries are not in operation and in restoring the propul-sion, no stored energy for starting the propulsion plant, themain source of electrical power and other essential auxilia-ries is to be assumed available. It is assumed that means areavailable to start the emergency generator at all times.

The emergency generator and other means needed torestore the propulsion are to have a capacity such that thenecessary propulsion starting energy is available within 30minutes of blackout/dead ship condition as defined above.Emergency generator stored starting energy is not to be

directly used for starting the propulsion plant, the mainsource of electrical power and/or other essential auxiliaries(emergency generator excluded).

For steam ships, the 30 minute time limit given in SOLAScan be interpreted as time from blackout/dead ship condi-tion defined above to light-off the first boiler.

2.3.9 Where the emergency source of power is necessaryto restore the main source of electrical power, provisionsare to be made to allow a manual restart of a main generat-ing set in case of failure of the emergency source.

2.3.10 Provision shall be made for the periodic testing of

the complete emergency system and shall include the test-ing of automatic starting arrangements, where provided.

2.3.11 For starting arrangements for emergency generatingsets, see Ch 1, Sec 2, [3.1].

2.3.12 The emergency source of electrical power may beeither a generator or an accumulator battery which shallcomply with the requirements of [2.3.13] or [2.3.15],respectively.

2.3.13 Where the emergency source of electrical power is agenerator, it shall be:

a) driven by a suitable prime mover with an independentsupply of fuel, having a flashpoint (closed cup test) ofnot less than 43C


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Pt C, Ch 2, Sec 3


b) started automatically upon failure of the main source ofelectrical power supply to the emergency switchboardunless a transitional source of emergency electrical

power in accordance with c) below is provided wherethe emergency generator is automatically started, it shallbe automatically connected to the emergency switch-

board those services referred to in [3.6.7] shall then beconnected automatically to the emergency generator,and

c) provided with a transitional source of emergency electri-cal power as specified in [2.3.16] unless an emergency

generator is provided capable both of supplying the ser-vices mentioned in that paragraph and of being auto-matically started and supplying the required load asquickly as is safe and practicable subject to a maximumof 45 s.

2.3.14 It is accepted to apply the total consumer load insteps providing that:

the total load is supplied within 45 seconds since powerfailure on the main switchboard

the power distribution system is designed such that thedeclared maximum step loading is not exceeded

the compliance of time delays and loading sequencewith the above is demonstrated at ships trials.

2.3.15 Where the emergency source of electrical power isan accumulator battery it shall be capable of:

a) carrying the emergency electrical load without recharg-ing while maintaining the voltage of the battery through-out the discharge period within 12% above or below its

nominal voltage

b) automatically connecting to the emergency switchboardin the event of failure of the main source of electrical

power, and

c) immediately supplying at least those services specifiedin [3.6.7].

2.3.16 The transitional source of emergency electricalpower where required by[2.3.13] item c), shall consist ofan accumulator battery which shall operate withoutrecharging while maintaining the voltage of the batterythroughout the discharge period within 12% above orbelow its nominal voltage and be so arranged as to supply

automatically in the event of failure of either the main or theemergency source of electrical power for half an hour atleast the services in [3.6.7] if they depend upon an electri-cal source for their operation.

2.3.17 Where the emergency and/or transitional source ofpower is an uninterruptible power system (UPS), it is tocomply with the requirement of Ch 2, Sec 6, [3].

2.3.18 Where the emergency and/or transitional emer-gency loads are supplied from a battery via an electronicconverter or inverter, the maximum permitted d.c. voltagevariations are to be taken as those on the load side of theconverter or inverter.

Where the d.c. is converted into a.c. the maximum varia-tions are not exceed those given in Ch 2, Sec 2, Tab 6.

2.3.19 If the emergency generator is fitted with control,alarm and safety systems based on electronic equipment,

these systems are to be so arranged that, when in failure,there is still a possibility to operate the emergency generatormanually.

A failure of the electronic governor is not considered.

2.3.20 For the emergency source of electrical power in pas-senger ships,