Part 2 Quit © Oxford University Press 2006 Landforms and exogenetic processes 2Landforms and exogenetic processes

Part 2

Quit© Oxford University Press 2006

Landforms and exogenetic processes

22 Landforms and Landforms and exogenetic processesexogenetic processes22 Landforms and Landforms and

exogenetic processesexogenetic processes

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2.1 When will a river 2.1 When will a river appear?appear?

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Exogenetic processesExogenetic processes

What are exogenetic processes?

Besides endogenetic processes, are there any

other processes that shape the earth?

Besides endogenetic processes, are there any

other processes that shape the earth?

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Exogenetic processes are the processes generated by agents, such as _______, ______ and ____.rivers wind ice

They bring down materials from mountains which fill the valleys.

Let’s take rivers as an

example.

Let’s take rivers as an

example.

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What are exogenetic processes?The two main processes are:

Denudation

Deposition

Weathering

Mass wasting

Erosion

Transportation

Deposition

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Before studying the exogenetic processes that the river

produces, let’s see how water moves on the earth!

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Where does the water mainly store

on the earth?

Where does the water mainly store

on the earth?

In what ways does water move on our earth?

Atmosphere

Rivers/ lakes

Vegetation

Ocean

Soil/ rocks

Evaporation

EvaporationTranspiration

EvapotranspirationCondensation

Precipitation

Precipitation

Surface run-offInfiltration

Subsurface run-off

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Through the water cycle, water moves on our

earth. Let’s look at it in detail.

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Unsaturated rock and soil

Water table

Saturated rock

Impermeable rock

Precipitation

Interception by vegetation


Stem flowDrip flow

EvaporationTranspiration

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Precipitation

Overland flow

Channel flow

Surface run-off

Evaporation


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Unsaturated rock and soilWater table

Saturated rock

Impermeable rock

Surface storage

InfiltrationSoil moisture storage

Ground water storage

PercolationThroughflow

Base flow

Subsurface run-off

Absorption

Evaporation


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What can we find in a river basin?

What is a river

basin?

What is a river

basin?

River basin is an area drained by a main river with its ___________ and _____________.tributariesdistributaries

Can you identify different

features in a river basin?

Can you identify different

features in a river basin?

Its boundary is known as the __________.watershed

River source

Tributary

Confluence points

Main river

Mouth of the river Distributaries

Watershed

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1 Denudation

Weathering

Rocks are weakened or broken down in the original place because of _________, changing ____________ and ________________.

The broken rock pieces are called ____________.rock debris

moisturetemperature living organisms

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1 Denudation

Mass wasting

Weathered materials

The debris is brought down slope by _______.gravity

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1 Denudation

Erosion

Loosened materials are removed.

River River

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1 Denudation

Transportation

Weathered and eroded materials are carried away to other areas.

Please click below to view footagePlease click below to view footage

Look at the sand and the

stones carefully.

What can you find from the

footage?

Look at the sand and the

stones carefully.

What can you find from the

footage?

They are carried away by water to other areas!

They are carried away by water to other areas!

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2 Deposition

The eroded materials rest on the ground that the river carries or on the _________.river bed

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Part 2 Quit © Oxford University Press 2006 Landforms and exogenetic processes 2Landforms and exogenetic processes