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How Do You Control Blood Sugar With Food?
Meal Planning• Consistent meal times• Consistent carbohydrates• Combine protein foods with carbohydrates
Total Carbohydrates Count
Carbohydrates give energy
But too much carbohydrate can raise blood sugar above your target range
ENERGY
Total Carbohydrates Count
Men 45-60 grams per meal 15-30 grams per snack
Women 30-45 grams per meal 15-30 grams per snack
Breads, Cereals, Grains & Starchy Vegetables Have CHO
Each serving has about 15 grams carbohydratesOne serving is:• 1 slice of bread• ¼ bagel• 1/3 cup cooked rice, pasta or oatmeal• ½ cup starchy vegetables– potatoes, beans, peas, corn
Fruits Have CHO
Each serving has about 15 grams carbohydratesOne serving is: • 1 small fruit (size of tennis ball)• ½ cup fruit • ½ large banana• 17 small grapes • 2 Tbsp raisins or dried fruit
Non-starchy Vegetables Have Very Few CHO
Each serving has about 5 grams carbohydratesOne serving is:• 1 cup raw vegetables• ½ cup cooked vegetables
Dairy Products Have CHO
Each serving has about 15 grams carbohydratesOne serving is: • 8 oz cow’s milk • 6 – 8 oz plain yogurt – Flavored yogurt = 18 – 45 g! Check the label!
Meats & Protein Alternatives Have No CHO
• Meats, eggs and cheeses have very little CHO but can be high in fat and cholesterol
• Beware of breading and sugary sauces• Protein alternatives have very little CHO:– Nuts, nut butters, seeds, soy & tofu– Veggie burgers DO have CHO – check the label!
Sweets & Sugars Have CHO
• Count towards total carbohydrates• ‘Sweets’ have little nutritional value but can
be high in fat and calories, which can cause an increase in weight and triglycerides
• Sugar free products still have CHO• Limit ‘sweets’ to 1-2 servings each week
Portion Sizes
• 3 oz of meat = size of deck of cards• 1 cup = size of baseball • ½ cup = ice cream scoop• 1 serving of fruit = size of baseball• 1 Tbsp of fat = thumb tip• 1 serving of bread = size of CD
Reduce Saturated Fat Roasting Baking Broiling Grilling
• Remove skin from poultry & choose white meat• Choose lean proteins– chicken, turkey, fish, tofu or pork tenderloin
• Eat fewer high-fat foods – cold cuts, hot dogs, sausage, bacon & fried food
• Use less fat in cooking or use cooking sprays
Meal Planning: Timing
• Eat every 3-5 hours • Do NOT skip meals• Try to eat at the same time
every day• Eat a snack if meal is
delayed
Nutrition FactsServing Size 1 cup (236 g)Servings Per Container 2
Amount Per ServingCalories 230 Calories from fat 120 % Daily Value*Total Fat 14g 22% Saturated Fat 7g 35% Trans Fat 1gCholesterol 40mg 13%Sodium 950mg 40%Total Carbohydrate 16g 5% Dietary Fiber 2g 8% Sugars 3gProtein 11 g
Vitamin A 20% Vitamin C 0%Calcium 2% Iron 6%
Reading a LabelAlways check the serving size!
Look for total CALORIES
Check the FAT *Check the first 3 items on the ingredients list for hidden fats
and sugars
Check for CARBS
Water & Non-Calorie Liquids = 8 cups per day
Sugar-free drinks do count, but water is best!
SF TangDiet SodaHerbal Tea
Crystal LightFlavored WaterCoffee or Tea
Your Meal Plan: Deciding What to Eat
Lunch Sample2 slices whole wheat bread2 oz of turkey1 slice of 2% cheese1 Tbsp lite mayoLettuce/tomato1 small piece of fruitNoncalorie beverage
Total Carbohydrates30 grams
0 grams0 grams0 grams
0-2 grams15 grams
0 grams = 45 grams
Total Carbohydrates Count
Lose weight
Lower risk of heart disease
Possibly reduce the need for some
medications
Gain energy
Increase well-being
Improve overall health
Good News About Physical Activity
Keep It Fun!
Choose Enjoyable Activities
Enjoy Activities
with Friends
Add Variety to Your Daily
Routine
Blood Sugar & Exercise Blood Glucose Level Guidelines
Lower than 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L)
Your blood sugar may be too low to safely exercise. Eat a carbohydrate
containing snack.
100 to 250 mg/dL (5.6 to 13.9 mmol/L)
You're good to go!This is a safe pre-exercise zone.
> 250 mg/dL (13.9 mmol/L) or higher
Your blood sugar may be too high to exercise safely. Postpone your workout until your blood sugar drops to a safe pre-exercise range.
Diabetes & Exercise
•Exercise only when feeling well
• Become familiar with blood glucose patterns
•Know the symptoms of highs and lows
Diabetes & Exercise
• 30 – 45 minutes of exercise is safe when diabetes is under good control• Eat a meal 1 – 3 hours before exercise• Insulin
– Administer insulin more than 1 hour before exercise– Administer insulin in abdomen– Avoid extremity injection
Diabetes & Exercise
• During exercise, drink plenty of fluids• Remember: sports drinks contain sugar• After exercise, monitor your blood glucose• Wear shoes and socks at all times • Always wear properly fitted footwear• Check your feet after every session• Consult your physician if any symptoms develop
during or after exercise
• Pharmacies• Podiatrists
– Wilmington Foot & Ankle• Omega Sports (Oleander Dr)• Diabetic socks can be purchased
at the EFC, most pharmacies and large retail stores– Dr. Scholl’s brand
Where Can You Find Shoes & Socks for Exercise?
•Exercise is anything you want it to be– walking the dog, cleaning, taking the stairs, working out at the Employee Fitness Center
•Focus on duration over intensity– three 10 min sessions or one 30 min session; every minute counts!!
•Adding to your normal, daily activity is important – if you walk all day at work, you still need planned exercise or additional physical activity in your routine
What is Exercise?
Want to get started now? Your safety is very important to us. Follow the guidelines we have provided, and remember that you can always contact a trainer at the EFC for more specific advice on physical activity and exercise. Always seek help with each new exercise.
Can’t start the 12toLife just yet? Try a group exercise class offered at the EFC, take a walk with some friends or coworkers during lunch, take the stairs, or even contact a trainer for an appointment.
Not sure if you can participate in any of the NHRMC EFC programs?Remember our guidelines, and seek help when needed. Your team is here to help you. For more information on outdoor resources for exercise and physical activity in your area, contact a member of the Diabetes Health Plan Team or an EFC staff member! Even if you live farther away, always remember that you are not alone.
Time to Get Started