Part 1: Part 1: Plant ReproductionPlant ReproductionAsexual and SexualAsexual and Sexual

Definition of Plant ReproductionDefinition of Plant Reproduction Reproduction Reproduction

Process by which organisms duplicate themselvesProcess by which organisms duplicate themselves Propagation Propagation

Deliberate reproduction of plants either sexually or Deliberate reproduction of plants either sexually or asexually.asexually.

Sexual and Asexual ReproductionSexual and Asexual Reproduction Sexual ReproductionSexual Reproduction

Through formation of seedsThrough formation of seeds Requires two sex cells or gametesRequires two sex cells or gametes

Formed by meiosisFormed by meiosis Each requires one set of chromosomes (haploidal)Each requires one set of chromosomes (haploidal)

Two gametes form cell with two sets of Two gametes form cell with two sets of chromosomes (diploidal)chromosomes (diploidal) ZygoteZygote

Sexual and Asexual ReproductionSexual and Asexual Reproduction Asexual reproductionAsexual reproduction

Vegetative processVegetative process Eliminates genetic variationEliminates genetic variation

Facilitated by combination of:Facilitated by combination of: MitosisMitosis

Normal division of cell nucleusNormal division of cell nucleus CytokinesisCytokinesis

Completion of division and formation of cell wallCompletion of division and formation of cell wall

Sexual and Asexual ReproductionSexual and Asexual Reproduction Homologous ChromosomesHomologous Chromosomes

Produce different plantsProduce different plants Homozygous ChromosomesHomozygous Chromosomes

Produce nearly exact duplicatesProduce nearly exact duplicates

Cootie Catcher ReviewCootie Catcher Review Using the template provided, follow the Using the template provided, follow the

instructions to make your very own cootie instructions to make your very own cootie catcher.catcher.

To label the cootie catcher, put colors on the To label the cootie catcher, put colors on the front, numbers on the inside and definitions front, numbers on the inside and definitions under the flaps.under the flaps.

You will have four main flaps to write the You will have four main flaps to write the definitions of the following terms:definitions of the following terms:

ReproductionReproduction PropagationPropagation Sexual PropagationSexual Propagation Asexual PropagationAsexual Propagation

Part 2: Part 2:

Breaking down Sexual Breaking down Sexual and Asexual and Asexual PropagationPropagation

Sexual PropagationSexual Propagation Sexual Reproduction: Sexual Reproduction:

The union of the female and male sex cells to produce a seed The union of the female and male sex cells to produce a seed (embryo).(embryo). Ovule: female sex cell.Ovule: female sex cell. Pollen: male sex cell.Pollen: male sex cell. Embryo (seed-germ): an immature plant.Embryo (seed-germ): an immature plant.

Sexual reproduction involves the creation of a genetically new Sexual reproduction involves the creation of a genetically new individual.individual.

Uses seeds in one of two ways:Uses seeds in one of two ways: ScarificationScarification

Breaking seed coat to permit water uptake by embryoBreaking seed coat to permit water uptake by embryo StratificationStratification

Exposure of seed to low temperaturesExposure of seed to low temperatures Destroys growth inhibitorsDestroys growth inhibitors Occurs naturally during winterOccurs naturally during winter

Benefits of Sexual Benefits of Sexual PropagationPropagation Less expensive than asexualLess expensive than asexual Faster than AsexualFaster than Asexual It is the only way to get new varieties of It is the only way to get new varieties of

plantsplants Some plants can only produce sexuallySome plants can only produce sexually

Bell-ringer Exercise:Bell-ringer Exercise:Show What You Know!Show What You Know!

In your own words, describe sexual In your own words, describe sexual propagation.propagation.

List two benefits of sexual propagation.List two benefits of sexual propagation. What two ways can you prepare a seed What two ways can you prepare a seed

for germination?for germination?

Asexual PropagationAsexual Propagation The reproduction of a plant without the uniting of a pollen or ovule.The reproduction of a plant without the uniting of a pollen or ovule. Can be referred to as vegetative propagation since no seed is involved.Can be referred to as vegetative propagation since no seed is involved. Uses vegetative parts of existing stock plant to grow new plants called Uses vegetative parts of existing stock plant to grow new plants called

daughter plants.daughter plants. Leaves, stem or roots Leaves, stem or roots

The daughter plant will have traits identical to those of the plant which The daughter plant will have traits identical to those of the plant which they were derived, also called a clone they were derived, also called a clone

ClonesClones New plants reproduced asexually from single plantNew plants reproduced asexually from single plant RametRamet

Individual plant within cloneIndividual plant within clone Clonal VarietiesClonal Varieties

Important plants propagated almost totally by asexual meansImportant plants propagated almost totally by asexual means

Types of Asexual PropagationTypes of Asexual PropagationCutting Cutting

Using a short section of plant stems for Using a short section of plant stems for propagation.propagation.

Types of Asexual Types of Asexual PropagationPropagationLayeringLayering

Involves getting roots to grow from the stem. Involves getting roots to grow from the stem. I.e., magnolia treeI.e., magnolia tree

Types of Asexual Types of Asexual PropagationPropagation

BuddingBudding Taking a bud Taking a bud

from one plant from one plant and moving it to and moving it to another.another.

Types of Asexual PropagationTypes of Asexual PropagationSeparationSeparation

Using vegetative structures are separated from Using vegetative structures are separated from the parent plant as a natural means of the parent plant as a natural means of reproducing.reproducing.

Types of Asexual Types of Asexual PropagationPropagationGraftingGrafting

Placing a section of a stem of one plant onto Placing a section of a stem of one plant onto another plant.another plant.

Types of Asexual Types of Asexual PropagationPropagationTissue cultureTissue culture

Taking a group of cells or a single cell and Taking a group of cells or a single cell and growing it to a plant.growing it to a plant.

Benefits of Asexual Benefits of Asexual PropagationPropagation

True traits of the parentsTrue traits of the parents Maintains genetic purity with Maintains genetic purity with 100% replication of parent plant.100% replication of parent plant.

Produces more plants fasterProduces more plants fasterNo seedNo seed

Some plants do not produce a seed or the Some plants do not produce a seed or the seeds are too small to work with.seeds are too small to work with.

Show What You Know!Show What You Know! In your own words, define asexual In your own words, define asexual

propagation.propagation. List the benefits of asexual propagation.List the benefits of asexual propagation. List the types of asexual propagation List the types of asexual propagation

and give one key word for each type.and give one key word for each type.

Exit Ticket……Exit Ticket…… ________ is the deliberate reproduction of plants ________ is the deliberate reproduction of plants

either sexually or asexually.either sexually or asexually. The process by which organisms duplicate themselves is The process by which organisms duplicate themselves is

called____________.called____________. Homologous produces ________ plants and homozygous Homologous produces ________ plants and homozygous

produces __________ plants.produces __________ plants. Define asexual propagation.Define asexual propagation. Define sexual propagation.Define sexual propagation. Explain the processes that facilitate asexual propagation.Explain the processes that facilitate asexual propagation. List the benefits of sexual and asexual propagation.List the benefits of sexual and asexual propagation. Select three types of asexual propagation and describe the Select three types of asexual propagation and describe the

process of each. process of each.

Show What You KNOW! List the benefits of sexual and asexual List the benefits of sexual and asexual

propagation.propagation.