Joints 1. To know and understand the function and

structure of a joint

2. To review the different types of joints

All – must know the function and key structures

of a joint. Name the different types of joint.

Most – should be able to describe the functions

of the key structures and give locations of each

type of joint in the body.

Some – could be able to describe a sporting

action that will rely on each type of synovial

joint.

Video task http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BXoMa2bVC18

Watch the video which will introduce the topic of

joints.

What are joints?

A joint is a place where two or more bones meet.

Without joints, our bodies would not be able to move.

There are several different types of joint, each producing different types and amounts of movement.

What are the different types of joint?

1. Immovable (or fixed) joints

3. Movable (or synovial) joints

2. Slightly movable joints

Movable or synovial joints

• 90% of the joints in the body are synovial joints. They

are freely movable.

• These are highly mobile joints, like the shoulder and

knee.

Ligaments – join bone to bone and are very strong and elastic.

Cartilage – covers the ends of long bones and is smooth. It reduces friction and shock.

Synovial membrane – secretes synovial fluid

Synovial fluid – oils/lubricates the joint helping it to move

Knee

Structure of a synovial joint

Tasks Worksheet (10 mins)

Complete part 1 and part 2 on the joints worksheet.

Extension

On your whiteboard list the freely movable joints of

your body. Some were mentioned in the video clip!

Types of synovial joints

Task • Complete Q3 on the joints worksheet.

Extension

1. Identify a sporting action that will involve each

joint.

e.g. tennis serve will involve the hinge joint at the

elbow

Homework • Using your textbook research the different types of

movement possible in synovial joints.

• Complete the table to identify and describe each

type.

Joint Movements 1. To know and understand the movements

possible in synovial joints.

All – Name and describe the 6 types of

movement

Most- Identify joints in the body that allow each

type of movement

Some - Explain each type of movement using

sporting examples.

Starter

1. Watch the following clip about the 6 types of

movement.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/pe/appli

edanatomy/skeleton/2_anatomy_skeleton_act.shtml

Joint movement – how do we move?

Task – Show me….. • Flexion at the knee

• Extension at the elbow

• Abduction of the leg

• Adduction of the arm

• Rotation of the leg at the hip

• Circumduction of the arm

Pairs task – record on your paper Take it in turns to demonstrate the following simple sporting movements to each other.

A lunge, a javelin throw, a tennis serve, Rounders or cricket bowl.

Answer the following questions on each movement.

1. Identify the main joint/s involved in the movement and where they are located in the body.

2. What type of joint are they?

3. What types of movement are occurring at each key joint identified during the movement.

Example – football kick 1. Identify the main joint/s involved in the movement and where they are located in the body.

Knee in the leg

2. What type of joint are they?

The knee is a hinge joint.

3. What types of movement are occurring at each key joint identified during the movement.

Flexion at the knee when preparing to kick the ball and extension when the leg swings through to kick the ball.

1. Name the type of synovial joint at A, B and D.

2. Identify one of the 4 joints that only allow flexion and extension.

3. Name the type of movement currently shown at joint A.

4. Which types of movement are possible at joint C?

3. Name the 3 bones that form to make this joint. 4. State the type of movement currently shown at this joint.

5. State the name of this type of synovial joint. 6. What type of movement is possible at this joint?

1. With reference to the picture, identify a Condyloid joint. 2. How is the player using this type of joint?

Homework • Complete both sides of the homework sheet.