Parkinson’s Disease Infographic About Parkinson’s disease Symptoms Morning off Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive condition that involves a gradual loss of nerve cells in the brain, leading to problems with movement control and other non-movement- related symptoms. 1 Caused by a combination of genetic, environmental and ageing factors 2 Age is a risk factor: most people who get PD are aged 60 or above 2 people have PD worldwide Symptoms are a result of degeneration of dopaminergic nerve cells. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter responsible for the control of movement 3 Motor symptoms include: tremor, slowness of movement, muscle stiffness, balance problems 4 Non-motor symptoms include: depression, dementia, fatigue, pain, sleep problems, digestive problems 4 Since PD is a progressive disease, new symptoms appear continuously and existing symptoms slowly become more severe over time While medication suppresses the appearance of symptoms, they may reappear or worsen in the morning, when the effect of the treatment has worn off. This is called ‘morning off’ Nearly 6 in 10 Parkinson’s patients experience morning off symptoms 8 Morning off can have a detrimental impact to the patient’s quality of life and can significantly disrupt or delay their morning routine 8 Around 6.3 million 3 There are no objective tests to diagnose PD. It is currently diagnosed based on cardinal motor symptoms 5 Symptoms in the early stages of the disease can be treated effectively in most cases. Unfortunately, disease progression leads to recurrence of symptoms or symptoms associated with medications. The aim of treatment is to control and relieve symptoms 6 Treatment normally involves supportive therapy (such as physiotherapy or occupational therapy), medication and, in some cases, surgery 6 Due to advances in treatment, most PD patients now have a normal or near-normal life expectancy 6 Diagnosis and treatment 1. European Parkinson’s Disease Association. What is Parkinson’s? Available at: http://www.epda.eu.com/en/pd-info/about-parkinsons/ Last accessed: August 2015. 2. European Parkinson’s Disease Association. What causes Parkinson’s? Available at: http://www.epda.eu.com/en/pd-info/about-parkinsons/ causes/?Opentab=c2,2#c2 Last accessed: August 2015. 3. European Brain Council. Parkinson’s disease Fact Sheet. Available at www.europeanbraincouncil.org/pdfs/Documents/Parkinson’s%20fact%20sheet%20July%202011.pdf Last accessed: August 2015. 4. Parkinson’s UK. Parkinson’s Symptoms. Available at: http://www.parkinsons.org.uk/content/parkinsons-symptoms Last accessed: August 2015. 5. Michael J. Fox Foundation website. How is Parkinson’s Disease diagnosed? Available at: https://www.michaeljfox.org/understanding-parkinsons/i-have-got-what.php Last Accessed February 2016. 6. NHS Choices. Parkinson’s disease introduction. Available at: http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Parkinsons-disease/Pages/Introduction.aspx Last accessed: August 2015. 7. European Parkinson’s Disease Association. What is wearing off? Available at: http://www.epda.eu.com/en/pd-info/symptoms/wearing-off/?Opentab=c1,2#c1 Last accessed: August 2015. 8. Rizos A et al. Characterizing motor and non-motor aspects of early-morning off periods in Parkinson’s disease: An international multicenter study. Parkinsonism and related disorders. 2014;20:1231-1235.

Parkinson’s Disease Infographic - Lundbeck...Parkinson’s Disease Infographic arkinson’s P t Abou disease Symptoms Morning off Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive

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Parkinson’s Disease InfographicAbout Parkinson’s disease

Symptoms Morning off

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive condition that involves a gradual loss of nerve cells in the brain, leading to problems with movement control and other non-movement-related symptoms. 1 Caused by a

combination of genetic, environmental and ageing factors2

Age is a risk factor:

most people who get PD

are aged 60 or

above2

people have PD worldwide

Symptoms are a result of degeneration of dopaminergic nerve cells. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter responsible for the control of movement3

Motor symptoms include: tremor, slowness of movement, muscle stiffness, balance problems4

Non-motor symptoms include: depression, dementia, fatigue, pain, sleep problems, digestive problems4

Since PD is a progressive disease, new symptoms appear continuously and existing symptoms slowly become more severe over time

While medication suppresses theappearance of symptoms, they mayreappear or worsen in the morning, when the effect of the treatment has worn off. This is called ‘morning off’

Nearly 6 in 10 Parkinson’s patients experience morning off symptoms8

Morning off can have a detrimental impact to the patient’s quality of life and can significantly disrupt or delay their morning routine8

Around

6.3million3

There are no objective tests to diagnose PD. It is currently diagnosed based on cardinal motor symptoms5

Symptoms in the early stages of the disease can be treated effectively in most cases. Unfortunately, disease progression leads to recurrence of symptoms or symptoms associated with medications.

The aim of treatment is to control and relieve symptoms6

Treatment normally involves supportive therapy (such as physiotherapy or occupational therapy), medication and, in some cases, surgery6

Due to advances in treatment, most PD patients now have a normal or near-normal life expectancy6

Diagnosis and treatment

1. European Parkinson’s Disease Association. What is Parkinson’s? Available at: http://www.epda.eu.com/en/pd-info/about-parkinsons/ Last accessed: August 2015. 2. European Parkinson’s Disease Association. What causes Parkinson’s? Available at: http://www.epda.eu.com/en/pd-info/about-parkinsons/causes/?Opentab=c2,2#c2 Last accessed: August 2015. 3. European Brain Council. Parkinson’s disease Fact Sheet. Available at www.europeanbraincouncil.org/pdfs/Documents/Parkinson’s%20fact%20sheet%20July%202011.pdf Last accessed: August 2015. 4. Parkinson’s UK. Parkinson’s Symptoms. Available at: http://www.parkinsons.org.uk/content/parkinsons-symptoms Last accessed: August 2015. 5. Michael J. Fox Foundation website. How is Parkinson’s Disease diagnosed? Available at: https://www.michaeljfox.org/understanding-parkinsons/i-have-got-what.php Last Accessed February 2016. 6. NHS Choices. Parkinson’s disease introduction. Available at: http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Parkinsons-disease/Pages/Introduction.aspx Last accessed: August 2015. 7. European Parkinson’s Disease Association. What is wearing off? Available at: http://www.epda.eu.com/en/pd-info/symptoms/wearing-off/?Opentab=c1,2#c1 Last accessed: August 2015. 8. Rizos A et al. Characterizing motor and non-motor aspects of early-morning off periods in Parkinson’s disease: An international multicenter study. Parkinsonism and related disorders. 2014;20:1231-1235.