Parenthetical Documentation

Reminders

A Few Hints

• Balance your quotes.• Be careful of paraphrases!• Never name the author by the first name! You can

list by last name, but the first mention should be first and last name.

• Quotes and paraphrases cannot be topic sentences!• Match your works cited page!• Quotes and paraphrases cannot be the final

sentence of your paragraph.

A Few Hints• Put in italics journal titles, web

page titles, and book titles.

• Don’t underline anything – italicize only!

• Article titles go in quotation marks.

Web Sources• Please remember that MOST of our sources

will be online. So, when we have online sources we do not use page numbers for our sources UNLESS you are using a PDF and we won’t deal with that till ENG 102! So, when we have an online source you just put whatever comes first in your works cited entry – which will typically be an author’s last name or the name of a web page!

Formatting your PD:Romantic poetry is characterized by the "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (Wordsworth 263).

OrWordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (263).

• We need: a lead-in, end punctuation following the parentheses, and whatever comes first in the works cited entry!

Formatting your PD:

• If it was a web source it would be: Romantic poetry is characterized by the "spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings" (Wordsworth).

No Author? Use whatever comes first in your works cited

entry!• If the work you are making reference to has no author,

use an abbreviated version of the work's title. For non-print sources, such as films, TV series, pictures, or other media, or electronic sources, include the name that begins the entry in the Works Cited page.

For example:

An anonymous Wordsworth critic once argued that his poems were too emotional ("Wordsworth Is A Loser").

The Indirect Quote(You probably won’t need this till ENG 102, but it is

here!)

• Sometimes you may have to use an indirect quotation. An indirect quotation is a quotation that you found in another source that was quoting from the original. For such indirect quotations, use "qtd. in" to indicate the source.

For example:

Robert Kennedy argues that high schools are pressured to act as "social service centers, and they don't do that well" (qtd. in Weisman 259).

How to format a long/blocked quote:

• Place quotations longer than four typed lines in a free-standing block of typewritten lines, and omit quotation marks.

• You need to have a lead-in with a colon.• Start the quotation on a new line, indented one inch

from the left margin, and maintain double-spacing. • Your parenthetical citation should come after the

closing punctuation mark. When quoting verse, maintain original line breaks. (You should maintain double-spacing throughout your essay.)

How that long/blocked quote should look:

Nelly Dean treats Heathcliff poorly and dehumanizes him throughout her narration:

They entirely refused to have it in bed with them, or even in their room, and I had

no more sense, so, I put it on the landing of the stairs, hoping it would be gone on the morrow. By chance, or else attracted by hearing his voice, it crept to Mr. Earnshaw's door, and there he found it on

quitting his chamber. Inquiries were made as to how it got there; I was obliged to confess, and in recompense for my cowardice and inhumanity was sent out of the house. (Brontë 78) Back to the regular paragraph here. Always end a paragraph with your own words!

Questions?