Parasitology Page Reference

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PARASITOLOGY

Questions Page No. Exams

CHAPTER 1

GENERAL INTRODUCTION

Short Answers

1. Name four parasitic zoonotic diseases 394 O00, O01, O02,A05, A02(OS)

2. Define Definitive host and Intermediate host 289 A013. Define Definitive host, give two examples 289 A02, A094. Define intermediate host. Name two parasites in which

man is the intermediate host

289 A03, O03, A11,

O11, O11(OS)

5. Name four parasites which enter the human body by directskin penetration

550 O01(OS)

6. Name four vectors which transmit parasitic infections 384 O057. Name three vectors transmitting protozoal disease 384 O118. Name 2/4 parasitic diseases where mosquitoes act as

vectors.

384 A06, A10(OS)

9. Name a parasite transmitted by EACH: Cat, Dog, Pig, Cow 534 O1110.Parasitic diseases transmitted through Pig 534 A0911.Parasitic infections and malignancy. 43 O07(RS2)CHAPTER 2

PROTOZOA: GENERAL FEATURES

Short Answers

1. Name four protozoal parasites pathogenic to man. 598 O08(OS)2. Name the Sporozoan parasites 521 A113. Name three coccidial parasites 178 A10(RS2)

CHAPTER 3

AMOEBAE

Long Essays

1. Enumerate pathogenic and non pathogenic amoebae.Describe the pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of

193 A10


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intestinal amoebiasis

2. Enumerate the parasites responsible for diarrhoea. Givenspecial list of parasites associated with diarrhoea in AIDS.

Discuss morphology and pathogenicity of Entamoeba

histolytica. Give laboratory diagnosis of amoebic

dysentery.

535, 193 O99(OS)

3. Discuss morphology and life cycle of Entamoebahistolytica. Give an outline of laboratory diagnosis of a

case of intestinal amoebiasis.

193 O06

4. Describe the morphology, pathogenesis & laboratorydiagnosis of Entameoba histolytica

193 O10(RS2)

Short Essays

1. Pathogenesis of Amoebiasis. 196 A03, A052. Pathogenesis of intestinal amoebiasis. 196 O07(RS2)3. Invasive (Extra-intestinal) amoebiasis 196 A07(RS2),

A10(RS2),

O04(OS),

O09(OS)

4. Amoebic liver abscess. 196 O055. Laboratory diagnosis of intestinal amoebiasis. 197 A08, A02(OS),

A05(OS)

6. Laboratory diagnosis of extra intestinal Amoebiasis 197 O097. Differences between Entamoeba histolytica and

Entamoeba coli.

278 O00

8. Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. (Swimming poolmeningitis)

311 A02, O04, A06

9. Acanthamoeba 517 A11Short Answers

1. Trophozoite of Entamoeba histolytica. 194 O08(RS2)2. Draw a labeled diagram of Entamoeba histolytica

vegetative form

194 O11

3. Cysts of E. histolytica 194 O094. Complications of Amoebiasis. 229 A11(RS2)5. List any two/ four differences between Entamoeba

histolytica and Entamoeba coli

278 O04, A11

6. Name the commensal amoebae of intestine 280 O00, A017. Cyst of Entamoeba coli 505 O10


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8. Name the parasites that cause primary amoebicmeningoencephalitis

311 A00

9. Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. 311 O07(RS2)

CHAPTER 4

FLAGELLATES

Long Essays

1. Describe the morphology, life cycle, pathogenesis & labdiagnosis of Leishmania donavani.

258 A00, O03

Short Essays

1. Intestinal flagellates 107, 311 A09(RS2)2. Giardia lamblia 311 O06(OS)3. Morphology & laboratory diagnosis of Giardia intestinalis

(Giardia lamblia).312 O02, O00(OS)

4. Describe the pathogenicity and lab. diagnosis of G.intestinalis.

312 A02

5. Giardiasis. 312 A06, A06(OS)6. Trichomonas vaginalis 444 A087. L.D bodies. 259 O058. Kala azar 260 O06, A079. Laboratory diagnosis of kala azar 261 O01, A04, A06,A09, A07(OS)10.Morphology & pathogenicity of agent causing cutaneous

leishmaniasis.

420 A03, A05

11.Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis (Oriental sore) 420 O07, O08Short Answers

1. Giardia lamblia. 311 A11(RS2), O072. Cyst of Giardia intestinalis. 312 O07(RS2)3. Morphology of Trichomonas vaginalis. 444 A074. Diagrammatic representation of Trichomonas vaginalis 444 O065. Classify Haemoflagellates 329 A01, A02, O02,

O00(OS)

6. Name the different species of Trypanosomes 447 A087. Tse tse fly 462 A04, O08


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8. Clinical signs of Chagas diease 495 A109. Draw & label the diagram of LD Body 258 A0210.Pathogenesis of Leishmania donovani 260 A09(RS2)11.Name four serological tests for Kala azar 261 O00, A03, A01(OS)12.Aldehyde test 262 A0913.Dermal leishmanoid (Delhi boil) 420 O00, O06(OS)

CHAPTER 5

MALARIA PARASITES

Long Essays

1. Name the different plasmodia that infect man. Describethe life cycle in man, pathogenesis, clinical features and

laboratory diagnosis of P. falciparum infection.

35 O07(RS2), O05,

A04(OS)

2. Enumerate parasites found in blood. Describe the lifecycle, pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of

Plasmodium vivax.

10 A07(RS2), A06

3. Mention the parasites causing anaemia. Describe the lifecycle & laboratory diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum.

276, 35 O00

Short Essays

1. Name the malarial parasites and describe the life cycle andpathogenicity of Pl. falciparum.

35 A01(OS)

2. Exo erythrocytic schizogony. 354 A043. Life cycle of Plasmodium vivax in human. 10 O08(RS2)4. Plasmodium falciparum 35 A08(OS)5. Name four complications of malaria & their lab diagnosis. 297 O016. Complications of falciparum malaria 297 A107. Black water fever. 344 O03, A03(OS)8. Laboratory diagnosis of Malaria 38 O10(OS)9. Lab. diagnosis of malignant tertian malaria. 38 A0710.Rapid diagnostic techniques of Malaria 54 A08(RS2)Short Answers

1. Draw a diagram of Pl falciparum gametocyte 337 A03, A082. Gametocyte of P. falciparum 337 A093. Pathogenesis of plasmodium falciparum 37 A10(RS2)


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4. Name three complications produced by Plasmodiumfalciparum

297 A09(RS2)

5. Cerebral malaria 404 O06

CHAPTER 6

MISCELLANEOUS SPOROZOA AND MICROSPORA

Long Essays

1. Describe the morphology, life cycle and laboratorydiagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii.

221 A11(RS2)

2. Enumerate the parasites commonly infecting a patient ofacquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Describe the life

cycle and laboratory diagnosis of Toxoplasma Gondii

592, 221 A11

Short Essays

1. Toxoplasma gondii. 221 O07, A11(OS)2. Toxoplasmosis. 223 A073. Laboratory diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma

gondii)

224 A01, O03, O11,

O08(OS)

4. Serological tests for toxoplasmosis. 224 O07(RS2)5. Cryptosporidium parvum 225 A11(RS2)6. Cryptosporidiosis. 225 A00(OS)7. Pneumocystis carinii (Pneumocystis jerovesi) 143 A07(RS2),

O09(RS2)

Short Answers

1. Pathogenesis of Toxoplasma gondii. 223 A07(RS2)2. Cryptosporidium 225 A08(RS2)3. How is cryptosporidiosis diagnosed? 225 A004. Microsporidia 246 O11(RS2)5. List specimens used for diagnosis of Pneuomcystis carini

pneumonia

144 A10(OS)

CHAPTER 7

CILIATE PROTOZOA

Short Answers

1. Balantidium coli. 409 A07


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2. Morphology of Balantidium coli. 409 O05

CHAPTER 8

HELMINTHS: GENERAL FEATURES

None

CHAPTER 9

TREMATODES: FLUKES

Short Essays

1. Larval stages of trematodes 277 O002. Schistosma hematobium 199 O10(RS2), O063. Fasciola hepatica. 457 O08, O11(OS)4. Paragonimus westernmanii. 380 O05Short Answers

1. General characters of Trematodes 61 A08(RS2)2. Miracidicum 277 O11(RS2), O063. Cercariae. 277 A09(RS2), O05,

O08, O10

4. Name three blood flukes 298 O01, O03, A055. Name two liver flukes 447 O026. Liver fluke 447 A087. Fasciola hepatica 457 O008. Name two parasitic infections in which the larval stage is

found in the lungs

606 O09(OS)

9. Paragonimus westermani 380 A0110.Intermediate hosts of Paragonimus westermani 380 A04

CHAPTER 10CESTODES: TAPEWORMS

Long Essays

1. Classify Platyhelminths. Describe the morphologicalfeatures, life cycle, pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis

of Taenia solium.

456, 285 O08


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2. Mention the general features of cestodes. Describe thepathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of Hydatid disease

90 A09(RS2)

3. Enumerate the cestode parasites. Describe the life cycle,pathogenicity and laboratory diagnosis and complications

of Taenia solium.

285 A01, O10

4. Classify cestodes. Describe the morphology, life cycle,pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of Echinococcus

granulosus

90 O08(RS2), A04,

A07, A08,

O07(OS),

A10(OS)

5. Enumerate cestodes of human importance. Describe thelife cycle, pathogenecity and laboratory diagnosis of

Hydatid Worm

90 O11

Short Essays

1. Taenia solium 285 O09(RS2)2. Life cycle of Taenia solium. 285 O073. Types & pathogenesis of cysticercosis. 313, 286 A024. Pathogenesis & laboratory diagnosis of cysticercus

cellulosae.

286 O02

5. Cystecercus cellulosae 286 O10(RS2), A07,A10, A03(OS)

6. Clinical features and diagnosis of Cystericercus cellulosae. 286 O07(RS2)7. Dog tape worm 91 A08(RS2)8. Hydatid cyst. 93 A06, O06, O07,

A06(OS)

9. Pathogenesis & lab diagnosis of Hydatid disease. 93 O01, A03, O03,A05, O01(OS)

10.Laboratory diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus 94 O0911.Casoni's test 94 O05(OS)12.Hymenolepis Nana. 366 O04Short Answers

1.

Name four cestodes infecting man. 285 O082. Differences between T. solium and T. saginata 382 O053. Scolex of Taenia Solium 285 O104. Cysticercus cellulosae 286 O08(RS2), A00,

O01, A05

5. Morphology of Echiniococcus granulosus 91 O11(RS2)


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6. Draw a neat diagram of hydatid cyst & label the parts 93 O00, A027. Brood capsule 94 A108. Name two tests to diagnose hydatid disease. 94 A009. Casonis test 94 O10, O00(OS),

O03(OS),

A05(OS)

10.Hymenolepis nana egg 366 O1011.Why is it difficult to eradicate H. nana infection? 329 O02

CHAPTER 11

NEMATODES: GENERAL FEATURES

Short Essays

1. Larval stages of Nematodes (Rhabditiform larva andfilariform larva)

243 O11(RS2), O05

Short Answers

1. Classify intestinal nematodes 171 O03

CHAPTER 12

TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS

Short Essays

1. Trichinella spiralis 57 A08(RS2), O06,O09

Short Answers

1. Describe the life cycle of Trichinella spiralis. 57 A02, O02

CHAPTER 13

WHIPWORM

Short Essays

1. Life cycle of Trichuris trichura. 549 O01(OS)Short Answers

1. Life cycle of Trichuris trichura 549 A012. Egg of taenia Diagram 267 A083. Draw the diagram of eggs of Taenia solium & Hymenolepis

nana

267, 366 A00


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4. Draw the diagram of eggs of A. duodenale & H. nana 289, 366 A015. Draw a labeled diagram of Hookworm egg 329 O026. Draw a labeled diagram of whipworm egg 204 O037. Egg of Trichuris trichura Diagram 204 O10(RS2), A09

CHAPTER 14

STRONGYLOIDES

Short Essays

1. Life cycle of Strongyloides stercoralis 100 A09(RS2),O10(RS2), O11

2. Life cycle & pathogenicity of S. stercoralis. 100 A02, A03, A05Short Answers

1. Larva of Strongyloides stercoralis 100 O102. Hyper infection syndrome 103 A10

CHAPTER 15

HOOKWORM

Long Essays

1. Classify Nematodes. Describe the life cycle & laboratorydiagnosis of Ancylostoma duodenale.

171 A10(RS2), O04

Short Essays

1. Life cycle of Ancylostoma duodenale. 172 A07(RS2)2. Write briefly on life cycle & pathogenesis of hookworm. 172 A003. Describe the pathogenicity and life cycle of Ankylostoma

duodenale.

172 O00(OS)

4. Pathogenicity & lab diagnosis of ankylostomiasis. 174 O015. Ground itch. 174 A06Short Answers

1. Morphology of Anchylostoma egg 172 A042. Draw the diagram of Hookworm ova 172 O113. Draw a neatly labelled diagram of life cycle of hookworm 173 O99(OS)4. Pathogenecity of hook worm 174 A085. Causes of anemia in A. duodenal infestation 174 A02, A03


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6. Hook worm anemia 174 O10

CHAPTER 16

PINWORM

Short Essays

1. Enterobius vermicularis 107 A09(RS2), A08,O10, O11,

O10(OS)

2. Morphology & life cycle of Enterobius vermicularis. 107 O00, O023. Morphology of egg of Enterobius vermicularis. 108 A064. Enterobiasis 110 O09(OS)Short Answers

1. Draw egg of Enterobius vermicularis. 108 O072. Laboratory diagnosis of Enterobius vermicularis 111 O11(RS2)3. NIH swab 111 A10(RS2)

CHAPTER 17

ROUNDWORM

Long Essays

1. Classify intestinal nematodes. Describe morphology, lifecycle, pathogenicity and lab diagnosis of Ascarislumbricoides infestation.

171, 308 A02, O07

Short Essays

1. Life cycle and pathogenesis of Ascaris lumbricoides. 309 O082. Life cycle of Ascaris lumbricoides (Round worm) 309 O08(RS2),

A10(RS2),

A11(RS2),

O06(OS)

3. Pathogenicity of Ascaris lumbricoides. 310 A00(OS)Short Answers

1. Morphology of Ascaris lumbricoides egg 308 O042. Decorticated egg of Ascaris 308 O103. Complications of Ascariasis (roundworm infestations) 311 A00, O03


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CHAPTER 18

FILARIAL WORM

Long Essays

1. Classify somatic nematodes. Describe the life cycle,pathogenesis & laboratory diagnosis of Wucherariabancrofti.

171, 133 O09(RS2), O01,

O02, A05,A09, A07(OS)

Short Essays

1. Sheathed Microfilaraia 242 A08(OS)2. Microfilaria. 242 O11(RS2), A04,

O04(OS),

A09(OS)

3. Describe the life cycle on Wucheraria bancrofti. 134 A00, A06, O07Short Answers

1. Sheathed Microfilaria 242 A012. Enumerate the microfilaria found in man 242 O03(OS), A05(OS)3. What is nocturnal periodicity? Give one examples 346 O034. Pathogenesis of Bancroftan filariasis. 136 O08(RS2)5. Name the diseases caused by W. Bancrofti 136 A116. Occult filariasis. 43 O07(RS2), A09(OS)7. (D.E.C) Hetrazan provocation test. 137 O08, O10(OS)8. Differences between Wucheraria bancrofti and Brugiamalayi 248 O11(RS2)9. Differences between microfilaria of W bancrofti and B

malayi

248 O00

10.Loa loa. 383 O05, A0711.Calabar swelling 383 O10(RS2)

CHAPTER 19

GUINEA WORM

Long Essays

1. Name the tissue Nematodes. Describe the life cycle,pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis and prophylactic

measures against Dracunculus medinensis

171, 240 A03, O09

2. Enumerate somatic nematodes. Describe morphology,pathogenicity and laboratory diagnosis of Dracunculus

171, 239 O11(RS2)


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medinensis

Short Essays

1. Describe life cycle of Dracunculus medinenisis (Guineaworm) and add a note on prophylaxis of Dranconiasis

240 A01, A01(OS)

2. Pathogenesis of Dracunculus medinensis 241 O10Short Answers

1. Life cycle of Drancunculus medinensis 240 A00

CHAPTER 20

MISCELLANEOUS NEMATODES

Short Essays

1. Larva migrans. 40 O07(RS2),A10(RS2),O10, A11,

A02(OS),

A04(OS),

A05(OS),

A11(OS)

Short Answers

1. Larva migrans. 40 A11(RS2), A07,O07

2. Larva currens. 463 O08

CHAPTER 21

DIAGNOSTIC METHODS IN PARASITOLOGY

Short Essays

1. Enumerate protozoan parasites that cause diarrhea. Add anote on their lab diagnosis.

265 A00

2. Stool Concentration technique for ova / cysts. 142 O09(RS2),A10(RS2),

A11(RS2),

O08, O03(OS)

3. Parasites seen in the peripheral blood smear. 10 A01Short Answers

1. Significance of examination of an iodine mount of a stoolsample

346 A03


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2. Significance of saline & iodine preparation for stoolexamination

346 O03

3. Concentration techniques for stool 142 A104. Mention two concentration methods for stool examination

for parasites

142 O02

5. Saturated salt floatation technique 142 O11(RS2),A07(RS2)

6. Give examples of protozoans which can be present inblood

10 O04

7. Mention the parasites found in peripheral blood smears 10 O01, A05,O05(OS),

A09(OS)

8. Significance of thick & thin blood smears in malaria 280 O00, O029. NNN medium. 587 O07(OS)MISCELLANEOUS

Short Essays

1. Cyclops. 484 O09, O03(OS)2. Loefflers syndrome 310 A10Short Answers

1. Name two parasites demonstrable in bone marrowaspiration

338 A03

2. Filariform larve. 243 O07(OS)3. Which parasites cause pruritis ani, rectal prolapse, hanging

groins & pernicious anemia?

267 A00

4. Name two nematode eggs which are not bile stained 355 A045. Cyclops. 484 O04, O05, O07,

O10(OS)

6. Enumerate parasites causing anaemia and the type ofanaemia

276 A09(RS2),

O10(RS2),

O06, O08,A10, O11,

A01(OS),

A08(OS)

7. Name two hexacanth Embryonated eggs 636 A11(OS)8. Name two non-bile stained eggs 355 A03(OS)


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9. Name bile stained Helminthic eggs seen in stool 521 A1110.Name two bile stained ova 568 O04(OS)11.Two examples of parasites affecting the eye. 393 A0612.Name all the parasites infecting the liver 403 O0613.Name three parasites found in the large intestine 616 A10(OS)14.Name six protozoa cysts found in stool. 14 A07(RS2)15.Name three parasites found in the urine 179 A10(RS2)16.Name four parasitic infection in which man is the dead end

of the life cycle

485 O09

17.Name the Helminthic infections transmitted through snail 472 A0918.Non bile stained egg Diagram 486 O0919.Parasites in reticuloendothelial system 506 O10

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