Parasitism of Livestock by Trypanosoma

Lisa Cassidy, Fernando Paiva, Priscilla Soares

References

Acknowledgements

Introduction MethodsObjectives

Results Conclusions

Trypansoma is a protozoan parasite that infects a wide variety of hosts.Family: TrypanosomatidaeGenus: Trypanosoma

Symptoms: Emaciation Fever Miscarriage Rough Coat

Ocular dischargePhotophobiaHemorrhaging

Diagnosis: Analyzing blood Indirect Antibody Staining ELISA method

Treatment: Often fails to respond to therapy Trypanocides -Diminazene aceturate -Isometamidium Chloride

1st Case: San Francisco is a farm in which six of the cows suffered from miscarriages. Trypanosoma is the suspected cause.2nd Case: Two farms, Nossa Senhora Do Carmo and Pousada Xaraés have horses that lost coordination in their back two legs. The horses were treated with diminazine aceturate to eradicate Trypanosoma if it was present.

-To determine if the cows’ miscarriages at San Francisco farm are due to infection by Trypanosoma and if the Buffalo on the same farm are infected as well.-To determine if the treatment with diminazine aceturate cured horses’ and dog’s infection at farms Nossa Senhora Do Carmo and Pousada Xaraés.

This procedure was done for all samples of blood collected1. Collected blood from animal into tubes containing EDTA (Cows/Buffalo/Horses/Dog)Added portion of blood to 2 tubes containing Lit (serum bovine) – one sent to Sao Paolo, the other…

Incubated at 32 o C for 14 days Smeared blood sample on slides and check for living trypanosomes.2. 500 μl of blood sample added to centrifuge tube containing 500 μl of alcohol – sent to Sao Paolo3. Filled capillary tubes with blood sample and centrifuged for ten minutes4.View capillary tube under microscope to check for Trypanosoma

Identification # Capillary Test Culture TestCows311A Negative Negative304A Negative Negative734A Negative Negative814A Negative Negative264785A Negative Negative261A Negative NegativeBuffaloBuf #1 Negative NegativeBuf #2 Negative NegativeBuf #3 Negative NegativeBuf #4 Negative NegativeBuf #5 Negative NegativeBuf #6 Negative NegativeBuf #7 Negative NegativeBuf #8 Negative NegativeHorses01 Bily Negative N/A02 Bugio Negative N/A

03 Tomatao Negative N/A

04 Gabinete Negative N/A

05 Dinamite Negative N/A

06 Imperador Negative N/A

07 Petico Couco Negative N/A08 Icaro Negative N/A

09 Rosilho Negative N/A10 Jacare Negative N/A

11 Bombom Negative N/ADog01 Piloto Negative N/A

-All tests performed in the UFMS parasitology lab for cows, buffalo, horses, and dogs were negative for Trypanosoma.

-Molecular techniques performed in Sao Paolo are required to confirm the negative results obtainedat UFMS.

Fernando Paiva, PhD.Priscilla Soares, Undergraduate

Cows-The tests suggest that Trypanosoma was not present in their blood and therefore is not responsible for the miscarraiges.-Miscarraige indicates a more advanced infection of Trypanosoma while emaciation occurs earlier on. Since the cows looked healthy and strong, the negative results were expected.

Buffalo-The buffalo are more susceptible to having Trypanosoma than cows.-The fact that they were negative for Trypansoma supports the results for the cows.

Horses and dog- The results obtained by the tests suggest that the treatments with diminazine aceturate were successful in curing their condition.

Greene, E. C. (2006). Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. St. Louis: Saunders El Sevier.

Jones, T. W., & Davila, A. M. (2001). Trypanosoma vivax - out of Africa. Trends in Parasitology , 99-101.

Osorio, A. L., Madruga, C. R., Desquesnes, M., Soares, C. O., Ribeiro, L. R., & Goncalves da Costa, S. C. (2008). Trypanosoma (Duttonella) vivax: its biology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and introduction in the New World - a review. Mem Inst Oswald Cruz , 1-13.