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Amena BegumFaculty of English

Hyderabad

Bit bank written by

PAPER - I

IMPORTANT QUESTIONS[Each question carries 2 marks.]

PROSE

The Night at the Hotel 1. Why did the night receptionist regretfully shrug

his shoulders?2. How did the stranger help Schwamm solve his

problem? 3. What was Schwamm's reason for coming into

the town? 4. Why was he unable to achieve his purpose? In

what way was his purpose achieved?5. Why do you think Schwamm was apprehensive

and cheerful at the same time when he explainedthe reason for his coming into the town?

In Celebration of Being Alive 1. What was the accident that Dr. Barnard had?

What happened to him and his wife?2. What were the views of Dr. Barnard's father on

suffering? Does Dr. Barnard agree with hisviews?

3. What had made Dr. Barnard sensitive to the suf-fering of children?

4. Why does Dr. Barnard find the suffering of chil-dren particularly heart breaking?

5. What lesson did Dr. Barnard learn from the chil-dren who took part in Grand Prix?

6. Who were the 'driver' and the mechanic' in the'Grand Prix' at the Cape Town Red CrossChildren's Hospital? In what way was the choiceof roles suitable?

Circus Cat, Alley Cat1. "Then she married the boy who led the cats."

What kind of a man was he? How did she feel?What did she do?

2. What made Anna give up the circus cat andbecome a nanny?

3. In what state was Anna, when Mrs. Bates foundher? Mrs. Bates did two things for Anna. Whatwere they?

4. Describe some of the major changes in the chil-dren with the coming of Anna?

5. Explain the significance of the title, "Circus Cat,Alley Cat" Which role suits Anna better, that ofthe Circus Cat or of the Alley Cat?

Mother Teresa1. What is unique about Mother Teresa?2. What was the call from 'Jesus Christ' had Mother

Teresa received? In what circumstances did shereceive this call? How did Mother Teresa prepareherself to work for the poor?

3. What are the four vows taken by the Missiona-ries of Charity? What is the significance of the

special vow that they take?4. What reason does Mother Teresa give for her

special interest in the dying? How did it start?5. What does Mother Teresa think, is the worst dis-

ease that any human being can ever experience?What does she think, is the only cure for this dis-ease?

6. How did Mother Teresa make the defence of themanager of the biscuit factory crumble?

7. How do nuns treat the "terrible disease" that cannever be cured?

The case for the defence1. Why did the witnesses not forget the murderer?

What was his most unforgettable feature?2. What made Mrs. Salmon the ideal witness? Who

were influenced by her qualities?3. What line did the defence counsel take in cross

examining Mrs. Salmon? How far was the narra-tor right?

4. Why was Adams acquitted? Why was his twinbrother not convicted. Do you agree with theverdict? Why (not)? What is the DivineVengeance mentioned at the end of the story?

5. "That extraordinary day had an extraordinaryend." Why? What happened at the end of theday? In what way was the end extraordinary?

Snapshot of a dog1. 'Rex was tremendous fighter -------. But he was

different from other dogs in several ways. Whatwere they?

2. How did Rex's fight with the neighbourhood dogend?

3. Do you think Rex had a gentle disposition? Whatmakes you think so?

4. What was Rex's philosophy about chasingthings? Why were not wagons a part of hisworld?

5. Why did Rex bring home a chest of drawers?What did the author and his brothers do with it?Why did they throw it out miles away? Whywould Rex have brought it back?

Fire in the forest1. What did the Forest Department people do to

halt the fire?2. Why was the deer lying away from the herd?

Why had she chosen that spot? How did she feelat that time? What happened soon afterwards?

3. "She was at peace with the world, happy andsuccessful" Why was the deer at peace with theworld? What shattered that peace?

4. What were the thoughts and feeling of the moth-er deer before she became aware of the danger?

5. When did the deer first meet the tiger? Why didthe tiger not attack her? What did the tiger pre-pare to do later? How did the deer face him?What saved her and her baby?

Vinoba - A Portrait Sketch1. How did Vinoba appeal to the land lords? Did he

appeal for charity or for a rightful share? "Givemy share". Who was Vinoba representing?

2. "Vinoba has reversed this process". What is theprocess the author is talking about? How hadVinoba reversed it?

3. "His approach is the same to all men whateverthe creed or condition", says the author aboutVinoba Bhave. What was Vinoba's approach toall men?

4. Why was Vinoba not worried about the result ofhis work?

5. "Like a candle, lit at a neighbouring flame, henow burns with a steady and separate light."Who is the flame? Who is the candle? Do youthink the comparison is appropriate? If so, inwhat ways?

6. Why did Westerners find Vinoba less approach-able than Gandhiji?

7. "Vinoba message was not limited to the countryin which it was uttered." In what way does theauthor think Vinoba's message is relevant to therest of the modern world?

The Beautiful white horse1. How did Aram justify his cousin's way of getting

hold of a horse?2. "How long ago did you steal this horse?" asks

Aram. How did Aram realise that Mourad hadstolen the horse some time ago?

3. "A suspicious man could believe his eyes insteadof his heart". What did the farmer John Byro'seyes tell him? Why did he not suspect the boys?

4. What was the family famous for? Three qualitiesof the family are mentioned in this section. Whatare they?

5. What sort of a man was John Byro?Knowledge and wisdom

1. "Many eminent historians have done more harmthan good", says Russell. Why did this happen?What example does Russell give?

2. Why is it that we cannot help the "egoism of thesenses". What else is egoistic?

3. What does the author say is wrong with the cus-tomary moral instruction? What should moralinstruction aim at?

4. What is the author's concept of a citizen? What isthe difference between a citizen of the world and'a citizen of a nation'. Do you think one can beboth at the same time?

5. What does the author say an increase in knowl-edge results in? Why does he think an increase in'wisdom' is necessary?

6. In what way did the war conducted by Lincolndiffer from other wars? Do you think a war canbe fought without departing from wisdom?

POETRY

On killing a tree1. Why does it take much time to kill a tree?2. Where does the strength of the tree lie? Why is it

referred to as the 'source'? Why is the 'source' themost sensitive? What is the secret source of thetree's strength?

3. 'It has grown slowly'. Explain?4. The bark of the tree is described as 'leprous hide'.

What grows from it? What is ironic about lep-rous bark?

The Gallows1. Why did the keeper shoot the weasel? Why did

he hang him up?2. Why are the birds said to have endless leisure? Is

the poet being ironical? Why?

3. What kind of a bird was the magpie? (What does'a long tongue' do? What does 'a long tail' show?)Did his ability to talk and his beauty save him?

The Snake1. What did the voice of education ask the poet to

do? What is the argument for killing a goldensnake? Do you think the distinction is rational?

2. What are the four different feelings that the poethad towards the snake? Which was thestrongest?

3. Where did the snake crawl into? What are thewords used to describe the hole? How did thepoet feel when the snake went back into thehole? Why?

4. Why did the poet think of the albatross?5. How did the poet feel as soon as he threw a log

at the snake? He uses three words to describe hisact. What are they? The poet despises two things.What are they?

Upagupta1. What did the dancing girl ask the ascetic to do?

Why do you think he declined her invitation?What did he promise her?

2. Two kinds of lives are depicted in the poemUpagupta. What are they?

I'll get one tomorrow1. Why did the poet finally decide to visit the barber?2. Why does the poet say he is 'shy and flustered'? Why

does he describe himself as 'solitary' and 'cowardly'?Why does he compare himself to an Angora?

3. What kind of haircut does the poet want? Whatwill he look like after the haircut?

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VOCABULARYChoose the correct meaning of the wordsgiven. [½ mark each]1. instinctively:

as a matter of habitin a thoughtful moodwithout any previous planningsuddenly

2. grope:by guessing by searchingby feeling with hands by looking

3. apprehensive:angry excitedworried grateful

4. bewildered:amused confusedagitated frightened

5. gloomy:angry irritabledoubtful sad

6. agony:suffering povertyold age disease

7. scorch:to heat to burnto cool to kill.

8. decree:put off judgmentcommand or decide decrease

9. gibbering:making meaningful soundsmaking noise crying loudlyfast meaningless utterances

10. staid:exciting dull and unexcitingsteady stayed in one place only

11. gnaw:bite steadily scoldbeat heavily like much

12. elucidate:explain, make clear bring up to dateexpand exclude

13. expansive:unwilling to talk unreservedmaking largerspending more money

14. assiduously:continuously in a grand wayin a haphazard mannerwith careful and constant attention

15. verdict:a kind of font changeorder judgement

16. tranquil:joyful excitingpeaceful balanced

17. extravagant:much more beyond what is reasonableunreasonable useless

18. disposition:wrong positionthe act of doing away withgeneral tendency of charactera peculiar way of thinking

19. let down:to place something downdrop disappoint lower

20. pry:get open cook in boiling fatnot dry look seriously at

21. smart:bright cause sharp painactive clever

22. wrench:

a wicked person causing injurypull violently mean person

23. huddle:crowd togetheran upright frame to be jumpedthrow out as uselessarranged in order

24. tepid:having fear coldboiling lukewarm

25. frayed:ragged fearedfelt happy decorated

26. obscure:not known not seennot heard not observed

27 susceptibilities:prone to diseases suspicioussensitive aspect of a person's natureconditions to suspend.

28. fleeced:wooly growth cut off the hairstripped of money boycotted

29. serenity:simplicity calmnessseverity adversity

30. distort:sorting in a wrong orderstarting in a bad waygive a false account oftwist out of true meaning

31. exhort:use up completely explain fullyurge strongly encourage

32. fanatical:wild and strong crazyexcessively enthusiastic praise worthy

33. augment:discussion summaryincrease supplement

34. lunatics:a kind of mopeds agitatorsmad men great man

ANSWERS

1. without any previous planning; 2. byfeeling with hands; 3. worried; 4. con-fused; 5. sad; 6. suffering; 7. to burn; 8command or decide; 9. fast meaninglessutterances; 10. dull and unexciting; 11.bite steadily; 12. explain; make clear; 13.unreserved; 14. with careful and constantattention; 15. judgement; 16. peaceful;17. unreasonable; 18. general tendency ofcharacter; 19. disappoint; 20. get open;21. cause sharp pain; 22. pull violently;23. crowd together; 24. lukewarm; 25.ragged; 26. not known; 27. sensitiveaspect of a person's nature; 28. stripped ofmoney; 29. calmness; 30. twist out of truemeaning; 31. urge strongly; 32. exces-sively enthusiastic; 33. increase; 34. madmen.

Select the option that conveys the meaningsof the underlined word in the sentence:1. My friends and I volunteered our serv-ices in a Public Health camp.

a) promised b) donated c) offered willingly

2. Bolu's words are not clear. He seems tobe in a daze.a) unable to think clearly

b) unable to hear clearlyc) unable to talk clearly

3. Today morning I ran into an old friendin the temple.a) met accidentally b) recognizedc) recollected

4. It is a tumour but thank God it is notmalignant.a) internal b) fatal c) fatty

5. On the occasion of the party meetingmany private buses were comman-deered to mobilize public from the vil-lage.a) seized for public useb) seized for checkingc) seized because illegal

6. The pain in my neck has stemmed froman accident,I had five years ago.a) be the result of somethingb) grown c) generated

7. This down fall is the result of vengeancebetween the two parties.a) cowardice b) poison c) revenge

8. I stuck my head out of the door.a) pushed b) extended c) projected

9. He has taken advantage of my helplesssituation.a) projected b) exploited c) utilized

10. He is an amateur painter.a) taking part in something for the love of itb) taking part in something for moneyc) professional

11. He failed thrice, undeterred he triedagain.a) desperately b) anxiouslyc) not discouraged

12. His tenacious efforts have brought himsuccess.a) sincere b) continuousc) stubborn and unyielding

13. He has some vicious motive in helpingyou.a) evil b) hidden c) generous

14. I could not figure out his intention inhelping me.a) understand clearly b) draw a figure ofc) work with figures

15. Her integrity has won many friends andfollowers.a) firmness b) firmness of behaviourc) firmness of character

16. The soul taken birth again and againand works towards salvation.a) a solution for a problemb) to help otherc) freedom from bondage of life and death

17. Subtle comedy is more entertainingthan indecent dialogues.a) difficult to hearb) difficult to understand c) invisible.

18. Ignited minds work with greater fer-vour and accomplish a taska) heat b) strong feelings c) speed

19. The sight of my cousin conjures up thememories of my lost aunt.a) cause to be rememberedb) resembles c) suppresses

20. On hearing my words, my friend chor-tled.a) got angry b) express sadnessc) gave a loud laugh of pleasure

21. The thief shuddered at the thought ofbeing caught by the policeman.a) cried aloud b) got angryc) trembled with fear

22. Every morning I see my cat prowl at thekitchen.a) move quietly b) run aboutc) look through

23. My elder brother was installed as theGeneral Manager.a) appointed b) promotedc) demoted

24. Mary left the convent, being unable toadjust herself to the cloistered life.a) shut away from the worldb) very strict c) very simple

25. She believed that all the help shereceived was divine providence.a) fate b) gracec) God's care for his creations

26. The western part of our town is sparse-ly populated.a) very densely b) thinlyc) richly

27. Excessive drinking is incompatible withgood health:a) not capable of being comparedb) unable to exist in harmony withc) without equal

28. Your statement bears out what I havesaid.a) carries out b) contradictsc) admits

29. It is customary to propose vote ofthanks to the guests.a) usual b) out of fashionc) difficult

30. She flicked her ears to throw of flies.a) waved suddenlyb) touched with tonguec) opened widely

31. Mother deer sprang and tobogganeddown with her fawn.a) stagnated b) stretchedc) slid down a slope

ANSWERS

1. c; 2. a; 3. a; 4. b; 5. a; 6. b; 7.c; 8. c; 9.b; 10. a; 11. c; 12. c; 13. a; 14. a; 15. c; 16.c; 17. b; 18. b; 19. a; 20. c; 21. c; 22. a;23. a; 24. a; 25. c; 26. b; 27. b; 28. b; 29.a; 30. c; 31. c.

CONTEXTUAL WORDSSET - 1

1. Accident - An unintentional or unexpectedhappening that is undesirable or unfortu-nate.

2. Accidence - The part of grammar thatdeals with the variable parts of words.

3. Coincidence - An event or two or moreevents at one time happening apparently

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by mere chance. 4. Incidence - Rate of occurrence or action.

SET- 21. Continual - Frequent 2. Continued - To go on or keep on. To carry

on from the point of suspension or inter-ruption.

3. Continuous - Unceasing; being in immedi-ate connection; uninterrupted in time.

SET - 31. Apparel - Clothes, especially of a fine sort. 2. Attire - Dress, Clothes (Literature or poet-

ry) 3. Clothes - Things to wear on the body. 4. Costume - Clothes typical of a certain

period, country or profession, especiallyworn on the stage.

5. Outfit - All the things, especially clothes,needed for a particular purpose.

6. Dress - Clothing worn on special occa-sions.

7. Garb - Clothes, especially unusual clothesor those worn by a particular type of per-son.

8. Garment - An article of clothing that isready for sale.

9. Uniform - Type of clothing that all mem-bers of a group wear.

SET - 41. Beneficial - advantageous or helpful2. Beneficent - doing good or causing good

to be done 3. Beneficiary - person who receives benefits

or profits

SET - 51. Intelligent - Having or flowing good intel-

ligence clever2. Intellectual - Requiring or using good

intellect; having highly developed intel-lect.

3. Intelligible - Able to be understood.

SET - 61. Comprehensive - Complete, Including,

nearly all 2. Comprehensible - That can be understood 3. Apprehensive - Uneasy; worried

SET- 71. Shivering - Tremble with cold etc.,2. Trembling - Shake involuntarily with

emotions, fear, anger etc.3. Quivering - Tremble or vibrate with slight

rapid motion usually with pain. 4. Fluctuating - Vary, rise and fall. 5. Shaking - Move violently or quickly up

and down voluntarily

SET- 81. Lonely - Without companions; sad

because of this. 2. Alone - Without company or help. 3. Lone - Solitary; isolated. 4. Solitary - Living or being alone,; single

Practice:Choose the best alternative that fits in theblank in each sentence. (½ mark each)1. The opposition dose not appreciate the

____ act of the Government.(beneficient, beneficial, beneficiary)

2. For the fancy-dress competition, myfriend appeared in a 17th century____(costume, uniform, garment)

3. It is_____ to see a small child suffering ona hospital bed.(heartily, heartening, heartburn)

4. All the characters in this novel are ____.(imaginable, imaginary, imaginative)

5. As the patient has recovered from his ill-ness, he was ____ from the hospital.(released , discharged, set free)

ANSWERS

1. beneficient; 2. costume; 3. heartening;4.imaginary; 5. discharged.

SPELLINGSAs you know words with the same pronuncia-tion are not always spelt alike. Eg flower andflour. Similarly, words ending in the samesound(s) are not always spelt in the same way.E.g. major and teacher.

Few Spelling Rules1. Doubling a consonant before a suffix

As you know, a e i o u are Vowels and therest of the letters are consonants. Suffixesare -ing, -ed, -er,-ly etc are added to words

to change their grammatical category.a) The final consonant is doubled when asuffix beginning with a vowel is added towords of one syllable which have onevowel and which end in a single consonant(other than w, x and y)sit + ing = sitting butfeel + ing= feeling (two vowels)fit + ed= fittedhelp+ed= helped (two consonants)thin+er= thinnersave+er= saver (ending in a vowel)If the word ends in w, x or y, the final con-sonant is not doubled, when a suffix isadded to the word.flow +ed =flowedtax+ing=taxingplay+ er=player

2. Omitting the final e before a suffixa) When a suffix beginning with a vowelis added to a word that end in an e follow-ing a consonant, the final e is dropped.drive+ing =driving love+ able= lovableBut the word 'age' does not drop its final ewhen ing is addedage+ing=ageing b) when a suffix is added to words endingin ee, the final e is not dropped.agree+ ing =agreeingagree+ ment= agreement

IMPORTANT SPELLINGSLESSON 1: desperate, separate, auditor, vol-

unteer, auctioneer, millionaire,assistant

LESSON 2: prevalent, surgeon, tumour,tremor, machinery

LESSON 3: endeavour, performance, ambi-tious, mystery

LESSON 4: dormitory, possession, provi-dence, missionary, accommoda-tion, assiduously

LESSON 5: evidence, extraordinary, ham-mer, entrance

LESSON 6: venomous, brutal, extravagant,battalion

LESSON 7: cigarette, successful, achieve-ment

LESSON 8: recipients, subtle, paralyse, sta-tionery, stationary, dysentery,

assassinatedLESSON 9: descendant, offered, preferred,

referred, sufferedLESSON10: appalling,correlative

Practice:Find the wrongly spelt word in each set andwrite it correctly.1. driveing ageing

argument arrangement 2. prevalant transparent

permanent prevent3. precious ambicious

conscious cautious4. volunteer engineer

mountaineer financeer

ANSWERS

1. driving; 2. prevalent; 3. ambitious; 4. financier.

PHONOLOGYPhonology is the study of sounds in a lan-guage. One must learn to spell the phoneticsymbols correctly to obtain a mastery over thesubject.RULES: 1) 'gn' is pronounced 'n' [g is silent] at the

beginning and end of a word.Eg: gnaw, gnash, sigh, foreign

2) 'kn' is pronounce 'n' at the beginning of aword.Eg: know, knife, knight, kneed, knit

3) 'sten' is pronounced "sn" and 'stle' is pro-nounced "si" at the end of a wordEg: fasten, hasten, listen, whistle, castle,wrestle

4) 'wh' is pronounce 'h' when followed 'o' but(and 'wh' is pronounced) 'w' in other cases Eg: whole, who, whose, what, where, why,whim

5) '-er' '-re' are pronounced at the end of awordEg: clipper, clever, centre, metre

6) 'r' becomes silent when it is followed by aconsonant and is pronounced when it isfollowed by a vowel Eg: earth, girl, word, worst Spirit, red, drive, frighten.

7). Pn, Pt, Ps are pronounced 'n', t, s'respectively at the beginning of a word.

TIPS FOR PREPARATION OFENGLISH BOARD EXAM� English is one of the most important

subjects demanding full fledged

attention. � Reading of lessons in the main text

is very important.� First, learn the meanings of words

and then answers to the questions

of the important lessons. Eg:

Biographies of important personali-

ties are important. i.e Mother

Teresa, Vinobha-A Portrait sketch,

In celebration of being alive.� Read the grammar rules (Direct

/Indirect, active/passive, 'If' clause,

Simple, Compound and Complex

sentences for questions based on

transformation of sentences in Q.No

39-43� Remember there are two sets of

punctuation. Q.No37 deals with

punctuation of only sentence end-

ings where in you have to write the

last word and its punctuation in the

bracket .Q.No38 is inserting punctu-

ation marks in the whole sentence.� Read the lessons of Supplementary

Readers I and II for Comprehension

Passages in Paper II.

� Practice the format of letter writing

.Three letters carry 20 marks in all.

With the correct format and body of

the letters one can easily score 15-

17 marks (scoring for below aver-

age)� Do attempt sample papers and pre-

vious years' papers.

Lastly, the most important tip is to

control your time on MOBILE and

unproductive use of INTERNET.

All the best!Have faith in you! Board Exams are

meant for you and you are the only

one who can easily solve them.

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Eg: Pneumonia, pneumatic, Ptomaine, ptarmigan, Psychology, Psyche

8). 'd' is silent in the following words. Handkerchief Sandwich Wednesday. 'b' is silent in - debt, indebted, doubt 't' is silent in debut, buffet.

Practice:In each of the following group of words, findthe word in which the underlined part is pro-nounced in the same way as in the key word.1. extravagant:

detergent elegant urgent giant2. tranquil: queen bequeath quill3. tenacious: precious cautious substantiate4. eventually: tune tumour opportunity5. turn: rude mourn learn6. consent: malice, measure, raise, wisdom7. music: listen, treasure, seizure, amazing

ANSWERS

1. elegant; 2. quill; 3. cautious; 4. oppor-tunity; 5. learn; 6. malice; 7. amazing

In each set find the word that rhymes withthe key word.1. trot: brought bright night 2. hold: told bald called 3. adore: poor sure tore 4. third: hired afford heard 5. learn: barn, turn, fine, none 6. loan: torn, corn, bone, own7. blind: leaned, gained, signed, ground8. harm: norm, storm, firm, calm

ANSWERS

1. brought; 2. told; 3. tore; 4. heard; 5.turn; 6. bone; 7. signed; 8. calm.

PUNCTUATION1. Comma:

Use a commaa) to separate two or more words of the

same parts of speech (not connected by'and')

b) After and before parenthesis.c) Before and after a participle phrase.d) After nominative of address.e) To mark off a direct quotation from the

rest.f) To separate a noun clause used as sub-

ject or object preceding a verb.2. At the end of a sentence, use

a) a fullstop if the sentence is either astatement or imperative.

b) a question mark if it is a question.c) a wonder mark if it is an exclamatory

sentence.3. The colon is used

a) to introduce a question, like:Shakespeare said: All the world is astage and …..

b) between contrasted sentences when'but' is not used.

4. Capital letters are used:a) at the beginning of every sentences.b) at the beginning of every line of poetry.c) for the pronoun 'I', interjection 'O' to

begin noun or pronoun indicating God.

d) At the beginning of direct speech.e) For degrees and titles.

Practice:Read the following passages. The end ofeach sentence is not indicated. Decide whereeach sentence ends and write the last wordfollowed by [.] or [?] or [ ]:1. She speaks with an Indian lilt in her voice

like convent-bred Indians she often endsher sentence with an interrogatory nomeaning isn't that so her answers are verybrief.

2. Mother Teresa, whence this special inter-est in the dying I asked her it is a vocationa call nobody wants the dying, the sick, no

ANSWERS

1. voice [.] no [?] so [?] brief [.]2. dying [?] her [.] call [.] no [?]

Use commas, full stops, exclamation, ques-tion marks, quotation marks where necessaryand rewrite the sentence.1. Are we leaving right away the little girl

asked why is there something you haveforgotten asked her motherNo I was just wondering if we could leavean hour later said the girl

2. What was your name before you became anun it is not important i was subhashinidas i was the first to join the mother

ANSWERS

1. "Are we leaving right away," the littlegirl asked. "Why? Is there somethingyou have forgotten?" asked her mother."No, I was just wondering if we couldleave an hour later," said the girl.

2. "What was your name before youbecame a nun?" "It is not important. Iwas Subhasini Das. I was the first tojoin the Mother

TANSFORMATION OF SENTENCESCONDITIONALS:

A conditionl sentence has two clauses. 1. main clause2. if clause Eg: If it rains the match will be cancelled

(If clause) (main clause)Conditionals are mainly of three kinds:1 Open Condition: In this type, the condi-

tion mentioned may or may not take place.Here the if clause must be in simple pres-ent tense.The main clause will be - will /can / shall

/ may +v Eg: It may rain. They will cancel thematch. If it rains they will cancel the match

2. Unreal Condition: In this type, the condi-tion mentioned is unreal (improbable it isunlikely to take place. Here if clause mustbe in Simple past tense (plural).The main clause is- would/could/should+vEg: 1. It will not rain. They will not cancelthe match. If it rained they would cancel the match. 2. I do not have time. I can't accept thisjob. If I had time, I could accept this job

3. Unfulfilled Condition:In this type the condition mentioned is anunfulfilled action. It speaks of the past.Here the if clause must be past perfecttense. The main clause must be-would/could/should + have + V3, Eg: He was careless. So, he met with anaccident. If he had not been careless he would nothave met with an accident.

Practice:Read sentence (a), then complete sentence(b) using the ideas in (a). keep sentence (b) asclose in meaning as possible to sentence (a).

[5 marks]1 a) I don't have time. So I cannot accept

the job.b) If __________________________

2 a) She did not carry her driving license.She had to pay a fine.

b) If __________________________3 a) Unless you work hard. You can't pass

the exam.b) If __________________________

ANSWERS

1. If I had time, I would accept the job.2. If she had carried her driving license,

she would not have paid a fine.3. If you work hard, you can pass.

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECHRule 1. If the reporting verb is in simple pres-ent or future tense , then the tense of thereported speech does not change.E.g He says. "She is unwell."

He says that she is unwell. She will say, "I am going."She will say that she is going.

Note: The tense of the Universal facts alsoremains unchanged.

E.g The teacher said, "The earth revolvesround the sun."The teacher said that the earth revolvesround the sun

Rule 2. If the reporting verb is in past tense,the tense of the reported speech verb ischanged as follows.Simple Present ------- Simple PastPresent continuous ------- Past continuousPresent Perfect ------- Past perfectPresent perfect continuous -------

Past perfect continuousSimple Past ------- Past perfectPast continuous ------- Past perfect continuous(Past perfect and past perfect continuous

remain unchanged)E.g 1. He said, " I am unwell."

He said that he was unwell.2. He said, "Arun is working hard."

He said that Arun was working hard.Practice:1. He said, "It has been raining since morning."2. Kiran said, "Lata had gone home."3. The master said to the servant, "Go away."4. He said to me, "Who are you?"

ANSWERS

1. He said that it had been raining sincemorning; 2. Kiran said that Lata had gonehome; 3. The master ordered the servantto go away; 4. He asked me who I was.

RELATIVE PRONOUNSThe pronouns 'who, whom, whose, which ,thatetc' join two sentences refer back to nounsgoing before them.

The noun to which a Relative Pronounrefers or relates is called its 'antecedent' .Who → used for persons onlyWhose → used when speaking of persons.Which → used for animals and non living

things.That → used for persons and things.

Practice:1. There is a man standing at the gate. He is

my uncle.2. We saw a beggar. His leg was broken.3. I heard a song. It pleased me.

ANSWERS

1. The man who is standing at the gate ismy uncle;

2. We saw a beggar whose leg was bro-ken;

3. I heard a song which pleased me.

Read sentence (a), then complete sentence(b) using the ideas in (a). Keep sentence (b)as close in meaning as possible to sentence(a).1. a) They got in because you didn't lock the

door properly.b) If you __________________________

2. a) "Didn't we discuss this yesterday?asked the teacher.

b) The teacher asked ________________3. a) There is a man standing at the end of

the street. He has been given the bestteacher award.

b) The man _______________________4. a) They are repairing the engine.

b) The engine _____________________5. a) He is poor. He is honest.

b) Though_________________________

ANSWERS

1. If you had locked the door properly,they would not have got in.

2. The teacher asked if they had not dis-cussed that the previous day.

3. The man who is standing at the end ofthe street has been given the bestteacher award.

4. The engine is being repaired by then.5. Though he is poor, he is honest.

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PARTS OF SPEECHi) Nouns - names of persons, places, actions,

ideas etc.ii) Pronouns - words that can be used in place

of nouns.iii) Verbs - words that denote doing, being or

having.iv) Adjectives - words describing nouns, pro-

nounsv) Adverbs - words which modify verbs,

adjectives or other words.vi) Prepositions - words placed before a noun

or a pronoun to show in what relationthose stand with other words.

vii) Conjunction - words used to join twowords, phrases or clauses.

viii) Interjections - words expressing suddenfeelings.

Practice:Identify the Parts of Speech of the under-lined words and write the words and its partof speech.1. Nathu's wife looked at him questioningly.

She could see slight embarrassment on hisface.

2. I handed the list to the king, who read itand asked to see my sword.

ANSWERS

1. verb adverb adjective noun;2. noun pronoun verb adjective

CORRECTION OF SENTENCES1. Verbs like avoid, stop, remember, enjoy,

risk, mind, see, hear are followed by agerund (ing from)Eg: You must avoid to meet her. (× )

You must avoid meeting her. (✔ )2. "Be able to / able to" are not used with

can/ couldEg: I can able to do it (×)I can do it (✔ )I am able to do it (✔ )

3. The verb ' RETURN' is not followed by' back' & 'repeat' is not followed by 'again' Eg: Please return back the money anddon't repeat it again (×)Please return the money and don't repeat it(✔ )

4. Remember the pattern of a direct ques-tion(WH) + HV + SUBJECT + MV ………?Eg: Why you went out without my per-mission? (×)Why did you go out without my permis-sion? (✔ )Note: But when a main clause precedes aquestion, the question is changed a state-ment fromEg Please show me where is Aditya publicschool? (×)Please show me where Aditya publicschool is. (✔ )

5. Verbs like understand, know, remem-ber, forget, think, prefer, want, hear,smell, taste, see, like, dislike, hate, love,seem, become, mind etc. are not used incontinuous tenses. Eg: I am forgetting your telephone num-ber. (×)I forget your telephone number. (✔ )

6. Nouns like news, innings, measles, rick-ets, mumps, classics, economics, politicsetc are singularEg: The news are interesting (×)The news is interesting (✔ )

Practice:Rewrite the following sentence after neces-sary corrections1. Why you are preferring the radio than

T.V?2. Economics are my favourite subject 3. I love the poetries of Wordsworth

ANSWERS1. Why do you prefer the radio to T.V?2. Economics is my favourite subject3. I love the poetry of Wordsworth

MAKING NECESSARYIMPROVEMENTS

Rewrite the following passage making theimprovements you think necessary.(2 marks)

Use pronouns and conjunctions to makeimprovements in the passage.Practice:Sunitha sat down to work.Sunitha began tostudy Latin.Sunitha began to study Latingrammar . Sunitha studied out of a book. Thebook was dog- eared.

ANSWERS

Sunitha sat down to work and began tostudy Latin grammar out of a dog-earedbook

GENERAL COMPREHENSION PASSAGES

Read the following passage and answer thequestions given under it.(5 marks)Every day at 6am K.L. Viswanathan,71, stepsout of his small flat in a rundown building inMumbai and walks to a nearby bookstall, fordoing odd jobs at the stall. Viswanathan is per-mitted by its owner to scan a number of news-papers and magazines. Viswanathan is a care-ful reader; but not of the articles. What he isinterested in is appeals from sick people whocan't afford to pay for their treatment. ForViswanathan's mission in life is to raise moneyfor such patients.

In the last 13 years, Viswanathan hashelped raise over Rs. 14 lakhs for treatingaround 150 patients all over India- a remark-able achievement for a man who is not well-connected and does not have much moneyhimself. The sums raised have varied from afew hundred rupees, in the case of a man inAndhra Pradesh who needed spine surgery tonearly Rs. 1.1 lakhs for a Calcutta girl whosekidneys had failed. Twice, he even persuadedAir-India to provide free tickets to patientswho had to travel abroad for treatment.

Viswanathan's fund-raising technique is assimple as the man himself. He first writes tothe patient asking for a doctor's statementauthenticating the case and estimating the costof the treatment. He then sends the patient alist of around 150 charitable organizationsranging from the Prime Minister's Relief Fundto Rotary Clubs who are likely to help.Occasionally, if he feels the case is especially

deserving, he writes to the organizations him-self.1. Why does Viswanathan go to the bookstall

every day? 2. What does Viswanathan want to achieve

in life?3. Viswanathan has helped raise Rs. 14 lakhs

for treating patients all over India. Whydoes the writer consider this a remarkableachievement?

4. What is Viswanathan's technique in rais-ing funds?

5. What extra thing does he do in deservingcases?

ANSWERS

1. Viswanathan goes to the nearby book-stall everyday for doing odd jobs there.

2. Viswanathan wants to raise money forsick people who cannot afford to payfor their treatment.

3. Viswanathan is not well-connected, nordoes he have much money himself. Yethe has helped raise over Rs.15 Lakhsfor sick people all over India. Thewriter considers this a remarkableachievement.

4. Viswanathan first writes to the patientasking for doctor's statement authenti-cating the case and estimating the costof treatment. He then sends the patienta list of about 150 charitable organiza-tions ranging from the Prime Minister'sRelief fund to Rotary Clubs who arelikely to help.

5. If he feels the case is especially deserv-ing, he writes to the organizations him-self.

Read the following passage.People who eat apples frequently are less like-ly to have heart attacks or strokes or to devel-op any of several kinds of cancer. The apple'spectin, a soluble fibre found just beneath theskin, can take some of the credit because ithelps regulate cholesterol. The rest goes toplant chemicals called flavonoids. Fruits arealso good sources of flavonoids , as well asfibre and vitamins and minerals. Eating plentyof fruits is associated with a lower risk of heartdiseases, high blood pressure and several can-cers.

Fibre is another pulse that fruits provide.In most fruits, some of the fibre is soluble,which lowers blood cholesterol and help pre-vents heart diseases. Moreover, most fruitsare also low in sodium, high in potassium, acombination that lowers the risk of high bloodpressure.

Now read the following statements and findsix of them which are in agreement with thepassage.[6×½=3]. Write only the letters of theTRUE statements.a. People who eat apples frequently will not

get cancer.b. Flavonoids remove the cholesterol that

pectin cannot.c. If you peel apples thickly you will lose

most of the pectin.d. Flavonoids are a type of chemical found in

plants.e. Flavonoids provide us with fibre, vitamins

and minerals.f. People with high blood pressure should

eat plenty of fruits.g. People with high blood pressure should

eat less sodium and more potassium.h. The fibre found in fruit dissolves in the

body.i. High cholesterol can cause blood pressure.j. Pectin and flavonoids present in apples

give them their disease.

ANSWERS

c; d; f; g; i; j.

Read the following passageHuman beings have a much poorer sense ofsmell than animals which hunt their prey orhave to be constantly on the look out for ene-mies. If the wind is the right direction, a deercan smell a person 800 meters (half a mile)away. A dog can follow the faint scent left bya rabbit in its tracks or detect the smell ofcrushed grass where the rabbit has passed overit. Not only is the human sense of smell poor,but it also gets used to odours easily. If a per-son sniffs at a weak smell for a few minutes,he is soon unable to smell it at all.

Now complete the following statements. Ineach case, write down the letter of yourchoice in the space provided.{ 1 ½}1] According to the passage ………… [ ]

a) animals have a better sense of smellthan human beings.

b) human beings can smell strong odoursbetter than animals.

c) a deer has a better sense of smell thandogs.

2] Human beings have a much poorer senseof smell than… [ ]a) animals such as the dog and the deer.b) animals which hunt their prey.c) animals which are generally found in

forests.3] In addition to being poor, the human sense

of smell… [ ]a) cannot detect weak smells. b) gets used to odours easily. c) is not well developed.

ANSWERS

1. A 2. B 3.C

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PAPER - IISECTION - I

SUPPLEMENTARY lBASKERVILLE HALL

Read the passage and answer the followingquestion:The journey was a swift and pleasant one. In afew hours the brown earth had become red-dish, the brick houses had changed to stoneones…. Young Baskerville started eagerly outof the window and cried out excitedly as herecognized the familiar sights of Devonshire.Questions:1. Who were the passengers?2. What changes did the passengers notice in

the scenery around?3. Who was young Baskerville?4. What was the destination of the passen-

gers?5. Did young Baskerville like the place?

How do we know?

ANSWERS

1. The passengers were Dr. Mortimer Dr.Watson and Sir Henry.

2. The brown earth become reddish andthe brick houses changed to stonehouses.

3. Young Baskerville was Sir Henry.4. The destination of the passengers was

Devonshire.5. Yes, he liked the place, for he cried out

excitedly as he recognized the familiarsights.

THE HOUND OF BASKERVILLESir Henry and Stapleton were sitting at a tablesmoking. There was coffee and wine on thetable. Stapleton was talking and seemed veryexcited.

The baronet looked very pale and did notseem to be paying any attention to Stapleton.Maybe, the thought of the lonely walk acrossthe moor was weighing heavily on his mind.As I watched them, Stapleton left the roomwhile Sir Henry filled his glass again andleaned back.

Questions:1) Who made the above observations?2) Why was he sent in particular for the job?3) How differently did Stapleton and Sir

Henry behave?4) Why was Henry looking dull according to

Watson?5) Who was having wine?

ANSWERS

1)This observation was made by DrWatson.

2)He was sent because he knew the placewell.

3)Stapleton was talking very excitedlywhile Sir Henry looked pale and disin-terested in the conversation.

4)Watson thought that Sir Henry waslooking dull because he was worriedabout the lonely walk across the moor.

5)Sir Henry was having wine.

FIXING THE NETSRead the passage and answer the followingquestions:She looked at them and looked at us desper-ately.

"Mr. Holmes," she said, "this man offeredto marry me if I divorced my husband. Whyhas he lied to me? But now I see I was nothingmore than a tool in his hands. Why should I befaithful to him when he has betrayed me? Whyshould I protect him from the consequences ofhis wicked acts? Ask me what you like, Mr.Holmes, I will tell you everything! One thingI do swear to you when I wrote the letter, Inever dreamed of any harm to the old gentle-man. He had been my kindest friend."

Questions:1) Who is the speaker?: 2) Who is the man who had promised to

marry her?3) In what way had the man used the lady as

a tool?4) What are the "wicked acts" the lady refers

to?5) In what way did the writer written by the

lady harm the "old gentleman"?

ANSWERS

1) The speaker is Laura Lyons.2) Mr. Stapleton had promised to marry

her.3) He had used her as a tool to get an

opportunity to attack Sir Charles withhis hound.

4) "His wicked acts" means his directinvolvement in Sir Charles death.

5) In the letter Laura Lyons requestedSir Charles to be at the gate at10p.m.He waited, but instead of her ahuge hound came and scared him todeath.

SUPPLEMENTARY llCHARLES

Wednesday and Thursday were routineCharles yelled during story hours and hit a boyin the stomach and made him cry. On FridayCharles stayed after school again and so didall the other children.Questions:1. Who is Charles?2. Why were Wednesday and Thursday rou-

tine?3. Why did Charles have to stay after school

on Friday?4. What does the word 'institution' mean with

reference to Charles?5. Why does the man say "looks like

Charles"? What does he mean?

ANSWERS

1. Charles is an imaginary student ofKindergarten.

2. Charles routine on Wednesday andThursday is to yell during story hourand hit a boy in the stomach and makehim cry.

3. Since Charles has hit the boy in thestomach and made him cry the teachermight have punished him. As a part ofpunishment Charles stayed at schoolafter the school hours on Friday.

4. The word 'Charles' has come to meanmischief and disorder. It has become asettled tradition in the family.

5. Now and then Laurie behaves so erraticat home. When he behaves like that hisparents comment "Look like Charles".

HENRY DAVID THOREAUCivil Disobedience movement was his maincontribution to political thought. He insistedthat the conscience of each person shoulddecide whether an action was right or wrong.He believed that the best organization of soci-ety would be one in which individuals madetheir own moral choices and were not boundby the decision of the majority.Questions:1. Way was Thoreau sent to prison?2. Thoreau's pamphlet Civil Disobedience

Movement said, "If the state must choosebetween keeping all just men in prison andgiving up war and slavery, the state willnot hesitate which to choose" What wasmeant by this?

3. "That government is best which governsleast"?

4. What does Thoreau's doctrine of 'passive

resistance' mean?5. How did Thoreau's passive resistance

influence Gandhi?

ANSWERS

1. In 1845 he was arrested and sent toprison for one night because he refusedto pay a tax.

2. He insisted that the conscience of eachperson should decide whether an actionwas right or wrong. This statementmeans that the state should choosewhat is correct.

3. According to Thoreau an individualshould be free to make his own deci-sion and not bound by the majorityopinion.

4. Passive resistance according to himmean opposition with out the use offorce.

5. Thoreau's passive resistance has influ-enced Gandhi in his fight for Indianindependence.

ANIMALS FOREVERAmong the numerous letters I get every day,there are always these from people who askme about conservation. They ask whether it isreally necessary. Well, I think it is one of themost necessary things. This is the world full ofunnecessary activities and conservationists arenot just making a fuss about nothing. Then Iget letters from people who have never, appar-ently, use their eyes in looking at the worldaround them.Questions:1. When people write to the author, what do

they generally want to know from him? 2. What is conversation?3. Why does the author think that conversa-

tion is necessary?4. The author gets letters from two kinds of

people. How are the second type of peopledifferent from the first type?

5. What are 'figures'? Why do some peoplebelieve more in figures that in their ownexperience?

ANSWERS

1. The author receives numerous lettersfrom the people seeking informationabout animal conversation whether it isreally necessary to conserve them.

2. Conversation is nothing but to providenatural habitat to animals for theirbreeding. Government should provideextensive land and funds to maintain it.

3. According to the writer the world is a

TIPS FOR WRITING THE EXAM.� Fill in the details very carefully; in case

of a mistake seek help from the invig-

ilator before using correction pen or

fluid.� Draw double margin on four sides

using colour pencils and also draw

double lines after each answer. This

will give a better presentation of the

paper.� Don't forget to read the instructions

and make sure what you are being

asked to do .� Read every question very carefully so

that while writing your paper you can

manage your time accordingly.� Write the introduction to all question

and answers Eg: This question is

taken from the lesson '……'written

by……� It is advisable for the students to

answer the questions which they know

very well because the order in which

you answer does not matter. Good

answers will give good first impression

and that will carry through out.� Don't forget to put the Question Nos in

the margin for the answers. Marks will

not be allotted for answers without the

Question Nos� Finally, after you have answered the

questions go through them to check

the grammar, spelling & punctuation.

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delicate spider web, any disturbancecaused would affect the active web.Similarly extinction of a few specieswould cause dire ecological imbalance.

4. Second type of people apparently can-not see what happens around them;they believe in figures.

5. Some people are incapable of lookingat the gravity of the situation. Theybelieve in facts and figures; hence theauthor has given his case studies toshow now certain species are made toextinct due to the callousness of man.

GROOMINGIf we switch our observation now to the moreformal business encounter, where the primefunction of the contact is information talking.We can witness a further decline in the domi-nance of grooming talk, but not necessary atotal absence of it. Here its expression isalmost entirely confined to the opening andclosing moments. Instead of waning slowly, asat the dinner party, it is suppressed rapidly,after a few polite, initial exchanges.Questions:1. In what kind of encounters is information

talking very important?2. When do we see grooming talking in busi-

ness meetings?3. How much of grooming talking can we

see in dinner parties?4. Why are business meetings highly formal-

ized?5. In which meetings do we see the total

absence of grooming talking?

ANSWERS

1. Information talking is very importantin business encounters.

2. Grooming talking is seen in the openingand closing moments of business meetings.

3. The grooming talking in dinner partiesis very intense in the beginning andslowly comes down.

4. Business meeting are formalized tosuppress the grooming talking.

5. A total absence of grooming talking isnot seen in any meeting. It may be min-imized at least to a greeting.

THE VILLAGERS' CURIOSITYThe villagers went to bed early, and I tookadvantage of this to bring my notes up to date.After an early dinner, I sat in my room.Writing by the light of two hurricane lampswhich, however, attracted many insects. Butinsects or no insects, I had to finish my notesand entries for the day. This was the ideal,however, and occasionally I accumulated arrears.Questions:1. Why does the writer wait till the villagers

go to bed?2. What does he make notes about?3. Why does he write by the light of hurri-

cane lamp?4. Why does the writer say that he always

tried to write up his notes everyday?5. Why is important for such a writer to

make notes regularly?

ANSWERS

1. The writer waits till the villagers go to

bed so that he can write his notes with-out any disturbance.

2. He makes notes about the villagers'habits, customs and traditions.

3. He writes by the light of hurricanelamps because there was no electricpower supply in the village.

4. He wrote his notes everyday becausehe was afraid he would forget by thenext day. Also he could not sleep wellif some important fact was not record-ed.

5. Such a writer should make notes regu-larly because important points, if notrecorded, would be lost forever.

THE ROMANCE OF A BUSY BROKER The silver heart left the office, swinging andbanging itself independently against the officefurniture as it indignantly departed. Pitcherseized a moment to remark to the bookkeeperthat the "old man" seemed to get more absent-minded and forgetful every day of the world.Questions:1. Why did Maxwell say pitcher was losing

his mind?2. What did he remark about Miss Leslie's

work?3. When will the office need another stenog-

rapher?4. Who is the silver heart?5. What did Pitcher tell the bookkeeper?

ANSWERS

1. Maxwell thought Pitcher was losinghis mind because he called some candi-dates for the post of a stenographer.

2. He said that Miss Leslie had given himperfect satisfaction with her work.

3. The office will need another stenogra-pher if only Miss Leslie leaves theplace.

4. Silver heart is the lady, who came forthe interview.

5. Pitcher told the book-keeper thatMaxwell was becoming more absent-minded and forgetful.

THE THRILLS OF BIRD WATCHINGThereafter the male resumes his buildingactivity and soon completes the nest with itslong entrance tube. The female lays her eggswithin, incubates them and brings up the fam-ily. This is entirely her responsibility, and it israrely and only after his building impulse hasfinally subsided that the male takes a hand inforaging for the chicks.Questions:1. When does the male resume the building

activity?2. Who plays an important role in bringing

up the family?3. What does the male do after completing

the nest?4. When does the male help in taking care of

the chicks?5. When do females go house-hunting?

ANSWERSANSWERS

1. The male resume the building activityand completes it after a female takespossession of the nest.

2. The female plays a major role in bring-

ing up the family.3. Soon after it completes one nest, the

male proceeds to start a new nest a fewfeet away.

4. After his building impulse has finallysubsided, the male help in taking careof the chicks.

5. Females go house-hunting when thenests are at a half-built stage.

THE BEAUTY OF BROTHERHOODAfter contemplation, I conclude that thisaward which I receive on behalf of that move-ment is a profound recognition that non-vio-lence is the answer to the crucial political andmoral question of our time -the need for theman to overcome oppression. Civilization andviolence are antithetical concepts. Negros ofthe United States, following the people ofIndia, have demonstrated that non-violence isnot sterile passivity, but a powerful moralforce which makes for social transformations.Sooner or later, all the people of the world willhave to discover a way to live together inpeace and thereby transfer this pending cos-mic elegy into a creative psalm of brother-hood. If this it to be achieved, man mustevolve for all human conflict a method whichreject revenge, aggression and retaliation. Thefoundation of such a method is love.

Questions:1) What is the movement that Martin Luther

King refer to?2) Why, according to King, is non-violence

so important in our time? 3) Why might some people think that non-

violence is a form of sterile passivity?4) In what way is violence the antithesis of

civilization?5) What does King mean when he talks of the

pending cosmic elegy?

ANSWERS

1. Martin Luther King refers to the CivilRights Movement.

2. It is important since it is the answer tothe political and moral question of ourtime. It is very much needed to over-come oppression without violence.

3. Some people think non-violence issterile passivity because they feel it isfollowed by weak people and it cannotbring any reformation.

4. Civilized people cannot be violent andpeople who are violent cannot callthemselves civilized.

5. He means that all over the world, peo-ple have been sad and suffering for avery long period.

THE FIRST PATIENTI'll tell you, little boy. That noise was a manhaving a tooth out. That's how it's going tosound when you have your out, only muchlouder, because then it'll be inside your head.

Questions:1. Who is the little boy?2. Who is talking to him?3. What noise did they hear?4. What is the boy going to do?5. What will be much louder? Why?

ANSWERS

1. The little boy is Maurice.2. A man in the waiting room. M-11, is

talking to him.3. They heard a metallic screech from the

surgery.4. The boy is going to ask his mother to

take him to school.5. The noise of the tooth being extracted

will be much louder, for then it wouldbe inside the little boy's head.

SECTION - II

Important QuestionsSET - A [2 marks each]Supplementary - I1. What conclusions did Watson draw about

the owner of the stick and how?2. According to the "Devon County

Chronicle" How did Sir Charles die? DoesDr. Mortimer agree with this version?

3. What is the private fact that SherlockHolmes wants Dr. Mortimer to tell him?Why didn't Dr. Mortimer tell the jury this?

4. What was the verdict of the Coroner's juryabout the death of Sir Charles? How didthey arrive at it?

5. Why does Sherlock Holmes come to theconclusion that Sir Charles had beenfrightened even before he began to run?

6. Describe the Yew Alley? What happenedthere?

7. Why does Mr. Mortimer feel that the thingis supernatural?

8. Sherlock Holmes reads out an article on'Free Trade' from The Times. Why? Do thethree listeners understand his intention?

9. How is Sir Henry entitled to inherit theproperty of Sir Charles?

10. "House, land and dollars must go togeth-er" Who says this? Why?

11. Who is John Clayton? Can you brieflydescribe what he tells Holmes?

12. If Sir Henry were to die, who would inher-it his property?

13. Why are soldiers posted at different placesat the time Sir Henry arrives inDevonshire?

14. Describe Baskerville Hall .15. Why does Dr. Watson visit Grimpen

Postmaster? What does he discover?16. When Dr. Watson follows Barrymore in

the middle of the night, what does he findhim doing?

17. Who was Selden? What was the caseagainst him?

18. What happened to Stapleton at last?19. Who was Stapleton? Why did he want to

wipe out the rest of the Baskerville fami-ly?

20. How did Sherlock Holmes deduce theresemblance of Hugo with Stapleton?

21. What information does Dr. Watson getfrom Laura Lyons? Why does he feel thatshe has not told him the complete truth?

SET - B [2 marks each]Supplementary - II1. Why did Laurie create the character of

Charles?2. Why did Laurie's parents never find out

that their son was often punished by beingmade to stay back after class?

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3. Why is the story entitled Charles and notLaurie? Who is the story about?

4. 'Independent man' that's what Thoreauwas. How? Why?

5. What are the views of Thoreau on work?What views of Thoreau influencedGandhiji?

6. What is the main message of Thoreau'sbook Walden? How did Thoreau influenceGandhiji?

7. What were the principles which Thoreaulived by?

8. Why was there a sense of occasion in theatmosphere on that day?

9. Why were the headmaster and teachers ina state of nervousness on the day theViceroy arrived at their small town?

10. Why did Gopal start playing with the ant?Did he feel that the ant was more impor-tant then the Viceroy? Why was he fasci-nated by it?

11. What kind of challenge did the ant presentto Gopal?

12. Why does "paper protection" of animalsprove to be futile?

13. What did Red Data Books (Produced byInternational Union for the capitalizationof Nature) deal with?

14. The writer described two important meas-ures to conserve wild life. What are they?

15. In 'Grooming' Desmond Morris describestypes of talking what are they?

16. What are the two kinds of grooming men-tioned by Morris?

17. What is the writer's attitude to the behav-iour of the villagers? Did he admire them?Did they disgust him? Did he feel sorry forhimself that he was not a part of their life?

18. The villagers treated the writer withutmost respect. Why?

19. In what ways Miss Leslie behave unlikethe usual stenographers?

20. Three endings are suggested to the unfin-ished story. Which one do you think isappropriate?

21. What does Salim Ali say are the threekinds of thrills in bird watching?

22. Give brief account of the Cochin ForestTramway?

23. What does the award of the prize stand foraccording to Martin Luther King?

24. How does the speaker want to turn the

'cosmic elegy' into 'creative psalm'?25. What does the humour in the play, "The

First Patient" depend on?

SECTION - IIIRearrange the scrambled sentences in eachset (A&B) to form meaningful paragraphs.(i) SET - Aa) One day a mob of thirty people armed

with sticks and iron bars came into thehouse.

b) They overthrew the chairs, broke glassesand hit mindlessly at everything.

c) A young girl and her grandfather lived in asmall house in the village.

d) He also promised to save her grandfather'slife.

e) However, a young man in the crowd, helpedthe girl escape through the rear door.

SET - Ba) She spent seven years in a convent, but

one day she saw the slums of Calcutta anddecided to serve the poor.

b) She came to India to teach.c) Today her work extends throughout the

earth. d) The world has lost an angel of the poor

and suffering with her death.e) Mother Teresa was born in a small town in

Albania.

ANSWERS

SET-A: (c) (a) (b) (e) (d)SET-B: (e) (b) (a) (c) (d)

(ii) SET - Aa) The play must be the original unpublished

work of the person submitting it.b) The contest is open to any writer who is

not normally a resident of the UnitedKingdom.

c) Translated work must be identified as suchand the translator's name given.

d) Applicants are invited to write a radio playof about 60 minutes on any subjects oftheir choice.

e) The play must be written in English altho-ugh there is no financial assistance avail-able to help with any translation costs.

SET - Ba) He lived in Indonesia for five years with

his mother and stepfather.b) Barack Hussein Obama was born in

August 1961 to a white American motherand a black Kenyan father.

c) He is left-handed, and is six feet one and ahalf inches tall.

d) A Hawaiian genealogist has linked Obamato President George Washington, JamesMadison, Harry Truman, Jimmy Carter onhis mother Ann Dunham's side.

e) His speeches are a big hit on You Tube. Inhis spare time, he plays basketball.

ANSWERS

SET-A: (d) (a) (e) (c) (b)SET-B: (b) (a) (c) (e) (d)

(iii) SET - Aa) When they were returning home, they

realized that that they had forgotten one oftheir purchases at the mall.

b) Mr. and Mrs. Rao went for shopping oneevening.

c) When they finally reached home, theywere very tired.

d) They went back, collected it and had din-ner on the way home.

e) They bought provisions, footwear andfruits.

SET - Ba) She was conferred the Bharat Ratna in

1998, the first musician to receive thishonour.

b) She died in 11 December, 2004 at the ageof 88.

c) Known a MS to her fans, M.S Subbul-akshmi is the most famous Carnatic singerof India.

d) She give a special recital before theGeneral Assembly of the UNO in 1966.

e) She was born in Madurai on 16 Septem-ber, 1916.

ANSWERS

SET-A: (b) (e) (a) (d) (c)SET-B: (c) (e) (d) (a) (b)

ARGUMENTATIVE PARAGRAPH WRITING

Title should be given. Define the title andwrite the correct situations regarding thetopic. Write the merits and demerits, if possi-ble. Give a solution of your personal. (opin-ion) Read the following dialogue. Then write aparagraph expressing your views on thetopic discussed in the dialogue. Mr. Reddy: How is Prerna? Is she better now? Mrs. Reddy: Not really. She still has a badcough and a wheezy chest. As you know, she'sallergic to dust and smoke and the pollutionhere has made her worse. I wish we had notcome to this city. Mr. Reddy: Be practical. It's not possible tostay away from the place forever. Anyway, allthe cities have the same problem. Everywherepeople seem to be suffering from lung dis-eases and skin allergies. Pollution has becomea health hazard. There is very little we can doabout it. Mrs. Reddy: I think both Government andindividuals should take steps to bring downpollution levels. Otherwise, all cities will soonbecome gas chambers. Answer:

POLLUTIONPollution is the process of making air, water,soil etc.. dirty. It is a global problem. It posessa serious threat to the environment.Everywhere people seem to be suffering fromlung diseases and skin allergies. Pollutionfrom vehicles has become a matter of greatconcern to all of us. The smoke they send out, makes people sick. This is one facet of pol-lution. There are others too like water pollu-tion. sound pollution etc. The government andindividuals should take steps to bring downpollution levels, lest all cities should soonbecome gas chambers. In order to check this,pollution control devices have to beemployed. It is our duty to see to it that thepurity and sanctity of our surroundings areintact. A pollution free world should becomeour motto. We should strive to achieve that.

LETTER WRITING

The parts of letter1. The Heading2. The Greeting (Salutation)3. The Body4. The Complimentary close

(The SubScription)5. The Signature line.

The Greeting (Salutation)a) Formal Greeting,

Dear Uncle,Dear Mr. Satish,

b) Informal Greeting Joe,

c) To known officialsDear Sir,

d) To Un-known officialsSir,

The Complimentary close(The Sub Scription)a) Personal letters

Yours lovingly,Yours affectionately, etc.

b) Official lettersYours sincerely,Yours faithfully,Yours obediently,Yours truly,

c) Business lettersYours sincerely,Yours truly,

FORMAT OF THE LETTERSOFFICIAL LETTER(Editorial letter)

Station:______,Date:________.

From

__________,__________.

To__________,__________.

Sub:________________reg.Sir,

__________________________________________ Body of the letter ________ __________________________________________________________________Thanking you,

Yours truly,(sign)XXX

To Address on envelope.

PERSONAL LETTERStation:______,Date:________.

Dear________,

__________Introduction________________________________________________________________________________________ Body of the letter ________ __________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________conclusion_________________________________

Yours lovingly,XXX

To Address on envelope.