PANEL A2TO OUR WORLD: ENVIRONMENT

• Name: Dr.Nandakumaran P• Designation: Regional Director• Organization: Central Ground Water Board• Email: pnkm62@gmail.com

WATER, ENERGY, WASTE MANAGEMENT

WATER

WATER AVAILABILITY - INDIA

WATER SCENARIO - INDIA

WATER AVAILABILITY (PER CAPITA)

1951 1991 2001 2025 20500

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Water Stress Line

Water Scarcity Line

WATER STRESS & SCARCITY

FRESH WATER AVAILABILITY

Total Precipitation : 4000 BCM

Total Water Availability : 1869 BCM

Total Utilizable Water : 1122 BCM Surface Water - 690 Ground Water - 432

ANTICIPATED DEMAND (BCM)

In 2010 : 813 710*

In 2025 : 1093 843*

In 2050 : 1447 1180 *

Total Utilizable Water : 1122 (690+432) S.W G.W

* With improved management

WATER MANAGEMENT ISSUES

• Non-availability of Resource• Sustainability Issues• Inefficient use• Contamination• Climate Change?

WATER MANAGEMENT ISSUES – RURAL AREAS

• Low penetration of protected water supply schemes• 30% rural Indian lack access to safe drinking water

supplies• Only 7 States have rural areas with full drinking water

supply.

• Sustainability Issues (‘Slipped back’ habitations)

• Neglect of traditional water management practices

• O & M Issues ( Lack of technical expertise ??)• Contamination (natural/man-made, poor

sanitation)• Inefficient use of available resources.

SUSTAINABLE WATER MANAGEMENT- OPTIONS ???

• Supply Side• New Sources & Technologies • Recharge Augmentation (RWH, Water

Conservation)• Better sanitation

• Demand Side• Improved water use efficiency• Incentives / Regulation

• IEC• Awareness creation• Capacity building of grass-root level stakeholders

ENERGY

Indian Energy Scenario

• Over 40% households do not have electricity.

• Nearly 1/3rd of our energy is still from non-commercial sources (biomass).

• Per capita energy consumption is third and per capita electricity consumption is fifth of the world average.

• India faces an enormous demand supply gap of about 11% energy shortage and 14% peak power shortage.

Options ??

• Renewable energy sources • Solar (Photovoltaic /Thermal)• Wind• Tidal• Geothermal• Biomass• Small Hydroelectric schemes• Bio-fuels

• Improvement in Energy Efficiency• Improved Storage Technologies• Awareness creation / Capacity building

WASTE MANAGEMENT

INDIAN SCENARIO

• Over 50 Million Tonnes of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated per annum.

• Per-capita waste generation increasing @ 1.3% & total waste generation @ 5% per annum

• Open Dumping is common – No scientific closure of Landfills - Health impact, GHG emissions etc.

• Little work done on scientific waste management – waste minimization, reuse, recycling.

• Suburban & rural areas worst affected!

POSSIBLE APPROACHES• Waste Management

• Minimization• Segregation• Recycling• Processing (Resource Recovery)• Transformation• Sanitary Land fills

• Method to be• Technically sound & Financially viable• Environment-friendly• Easy to operate & maintain ( by local communities)• Decentralized ( Processing at source – to the extent

feasible)• Sustainable & acceptable to the local community.

THANK YOU