P15 Bitwise Operation

8/3/2019 P15 Bitwise Operation

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BITWISEBITWISE

OPERATIONSOPERATIONS


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Bitwise OperatorsBitwise Operators

Smallest memory element which we have

used so far is byte.

When you want to interact with thehardware, you need to handle bits.

Programming languages-byte oriented

Hardware-bit oriented This operators plays a vital role in the case

of embedded systems.


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Bitwise OperatorsBitwise Operators

Operates only on integer and character.

Bitwise operators available in c.


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Bitwise operatorsBitwise operators

Bit numbering

scheme for

characters

Bit numberingscheme in integers


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Bitwise operatorsBitwise operators

Finding the binary equivalent of integer

and character.

Construct a mask of width 16-bit.

and the mask with integer value which has to

be converted to binary.

If the anded value is 1,then 1 is placed in the

position, else 0 is placed in the position.


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Converting integer to binaryConverting integer to binaryint i, k, andmask ;

for ( i = 15 ; i >= 0 ; i-- )

{

andmask = 1


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Ones complement of numberOnes complement of number

On taking 1s complement ,1s in the

number are changed to 0s in the number

are changed to 1. ~ operator is used to perform 1s

complement.


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Right Shift OperatorRight Shift Operator

Represented by >>.

Needs two operands.

Shifts each bit in the left operand to the

right.

Number of places shifted depends on the

number following the operator.

After shifting, created blanks are filled with

zeros


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Left shift OperatorLeft shift Operator

Similar to the right shift operator, the only

difference being that the bits are shifted to

left.

For each shifted bit,0 is added to the right

of the number.

Represented by


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Bitwise AND operatorBitwise AND operator

Represented by & operator.

It operates on two operands.

Compares the operands on bit by bitbasis.

Both the operands must be of same type

Second operand is sometimes called asand mask.


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Bitwise AND operatorBitwise AND operator

Importance of AND operator:

Used to check whether a particular bit is on or off

It is used to turn off a particular bit in a number


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Bitwise OR operatorBitwise OR operator

Represented by | operator

Similar to AND operator, operates on two

operands. Used to put on a particular bit in a number.


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Bitwise XOR operatorBitwise XOR operator

Represented by ^ operator

Exclusive OR operation

OR returns 1,when anyone of the two bitsare 1.

Whereas XOR returns 1,only when one of

the two bits is 1.


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P15 Bitwise Operation