MIFr•Mya

Fora

lro111

PS P: C~-.-~ ~-r~~

THE SECRETARY OF" COMMERCE

WASHINGTON

.TlJ4 u, 1936

Beterring to JOIU' attached •.or&DdUIIIt if the poaition 18 to be tilled by a person from the prennt ranks ot the Depart•nt, I would etate thet probabq no better equipped an could be found than lit'. Slatteey. IV thought, howner, is that 8UCh poai ti<m8 should be used to bring Dell blood into the eerrlca and I teal that at this t1• we need pers<m8 who baYe the outside rlewpoint and who will be able to bring to the aid ot the Seoretaey buainess knowledge and experianca unha.apered by a cey1tall1zed departmental Yiewpoint and attitude.

I therefore would not willh to eay an;rthing against Ill'. Slatteey, tor whoa I have the hichest r egard, but aa bringing to JOur attention the cOilllideration ot the line ot poliCJ to which I baYe referred.

TME WHin HOUSE WASHINGTON

.Tune 12, 19;)5.

MEllO RAN 0011 II'Cil

THE SECREXARX OF COII.IIERCI

lbat do rou know about

HARRr A. ~!TERI' Str1ct17 betwean

ouree1•ee, one ot tbe Departaenta

would lll<e to btlYe b1a ae Auhtant

Secretarr.

r. D. R.

U.S. S. INDIANAPOLIS U.S. NAVAL COMMUNICATION SERVICE

U.S.S. IndianapoU-11-15-36-1000.

DATE: 2 December 1936

THE PRESIDENT

GREATLY PLEASED WITH ADDRESS ENTHUSIASTICALLY

RECEIVED HERE DEEPLY GRIEVED AT LOSS OF GUS .

ROPER .

INCOMING

PRESIDENT'S FILE

Dear llr. Praaidenta

THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE

WASHINGTON

December 24, 1956

liT heartieat Chriatmaa graetinga l

As I diot.te this message I am prompted by the sea.on to reflect on the histor;y of events since llareh 4, 1955. It ia lliraculous that so genaral and. so complete a reconstruction could haYe been bro1J8ht about so quickl¥ in the hopes t.nd in the plana for meeting the naeda of the people sociel.l,y and industriel.1,y. llhen I cOGtemplate the strain upon you during these four years , it is equally lliraouloua that you could have guided the Ship of Stete aafel;y through the great storm of an uncharted aea and JD&intsined your health and COIIpOIIUre. '!.'bat the people UDderatand and appreciate your aceompliehmente was fully ver1t1ed b7 the Ro~embar el ection returos.

Ho presidant has had to deal in a faur-;year period with so wretched and ao ca-prehenaive a atets of atfairs aa that which you took over in 195!1. Certainly no presidant haa bad to gi ~e coneideration to so ~ details affecting govern=antal procedure. You have given our countr;y a oetting nationally and intel"Wltionel.l,y unequalled even by Presidant lrllaon. I say this because in rq opinion the approach througb your good- neighbor policy at home and abroad ia calculated to contribute more toward permanent peace and good will than e~en the League of Nations aa planned by President Wlla0<1. llhat better ccmfirmation of this opinion could we have than the far-reanhin& fnorable reception of ;your trip to Argantina, Brazil and Urugu~¥ and of the masaasa then given by you paraonall;y to the a or ld?

I a& confidant that the l ew Year will bring added evidence of the wiadom of your doaeatic t.nd international policies and ahow a consolidation of eoOilOIIic gains , lllllarged social security and happinesa for all.

I am JDOat grateful to you for your patient and eYer-present cooperation with M in handling the probl811a of the Departaent of Camerae. The aaaooiation with ;you is a source of oontiauous plM8Ur8.

Aa a ver;y small token of ~ affectionate aateaa please accept the pen berawi th and which I trust mq be helpful in a.xacuting your next paaaa maeaage.

Hooorable Franklin D. Tbe lrb1 ta Houee lraahington, D. c.

RooaeYelt

• THE SECRETARY Or COMMERCE

WASHINGTON

!larch 10, 19S7

!!!9randua

For• The President

From: Secretary of C~erca

I aa attachiJli hereto t.he followiJli wbicb I believe will be or intarest to you when you have tiM to look t.hem over1

V. Letter from Ambassador Claude G. Bower a d.ated litarch 1, 1937;

2. Memorandum of statistical data regarding the increases in costs of steel as related to raise in • ages and the a£fects or the Re-&r.a&ent progru on the United St.. tea .

!1. Letter from ,1. H. llanso, dated llo.rch B, 1937, a representative of The Union Stock Yard & Transit Coa~ o£ Chicaso, with MIIOrandwo of percent.ase of cumulative labor cost in wholesale prices.

4'. llemorandua reaarciins The Cbeaica.l Foundation .

5. Correspondence with Dr . Karl T. Coapton relatins to S. 675, introduced by Sena tor llcAcloo, providins for t.he oetablJ.ahunt of a 6ourt of Pat.ant AppealaJ and a aeao­randua fraa the Cosmisaioner of Patents on the ea.e subject .

EMBASSY OF THE f!,~~-£ ~I

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA I

Sun Jean de luz ,Y.~rch 1 , 1937

Dear •~r Roper: -

Thank you ver•· much tcr sendi!ll Nuter here .

Aside from the f~ct that I think he belongs hare , I have been concerned because of the presence here cons t antly of the Bri ­tish end French Co~eroial Attaches ~ho heve found plenty to do in prear~tion tor the future when this war ends . I sometimes reel th~t we may be putting a rather extremo interpretati on on our poli cy of stey11\l out .Certeinly we do not wish to do eny thing that will in any possible way erreot our neuttallty ,but I cannot be feel thut ~• should maint ain friendly relations whenev•r possible without btndoning our neutrality/ bee use or the orte~th . S~in is being drained economic~lly . The shelves of all t he stories in all regions are about empty . I~edietely etter the war ia over

1Spein will have -o buy on a scale never

known before here ,9Dd we ou~ht to have s~ one on the ground , trained in these matt er s us Nuf er is , t o study the situation

• ~d be in position ins t antly to do so:e t h1ng to get our eh~re .

~~ Just Yihdt our position win be after th~ T;ar is aa.&lle l ap of the fOd s . It the rebels win I am very muoh afr aid that we sb~ll

·find that Eitler 6~d Uussolini h-ve forced Franco to agree to giving Germany und I t aly as much of monopoly on the Sp~nish .,.. mJrket1• t hey b can hendl e . The insurgents are bitter agains t Fr~nce , tor no eood re~aon other th n Ge~ nya hate of Fr nee , and they ~re ruther cooky in their attitude toward ingland whoee failure to recognize Franco is resented without aane cause . But thua f• r bot h aidea respect U$ for sn hones t n~utrality nd I

;-(" ..... , ... , .. w1t11 us .

EM BASSY OF THE

UNITED STATES OF A MERICA

t h&t both aides wish to oultiTete good rela t ione

It the Government abould win I tlin~ we shall be in e good posi tion . It is moat a·nreohtive ot the t'&ct the.t our ~beaey almost alone among the embassies nd legat1ons , bava played a f a ir and honest g~me 61th it . With ell the others1except Zngl•nd p~oking their e~~ssies with avowed supporters or

' Frunoo ,giving them a hide- out, tak i ng from t wo to five extra houses to do 1t, we have retused admi•s1on to any but Am~r1c~ns1 and th~t counts be vily with tqe Government . And t hen we ere the one Democracy in the world t hat hes not played en the snark with the focis t s in their tight to destroy de~ocrecy in Spain .

In the past the Gov~rnment b~a been -ertial to Fr•noe end I we have suttered to ~oce extent on t h t account . This h.s bea. due to the teet tb t so much or the egr1culturol produce or Sp6in h 6 been t~ken by Fr nee , but • lso to some extent to th1 pa tie!ity t or Fr nee or soce or the le~ders . But Fr nee deserted tho Government six weeks • fter the war begt~ on the theory that the war wae over and won by the rebels , nd ror t~ t sh~ is h• tad b3 the Government ~ople • Beeuuse or her open sup~ort or the 1overnment during the first eix weeks , she is h~ted by the rebels . •be will e:t .. rge without e: tr1•md .And lbich ever side wins tbe.·e is ever~ 1ndio~tion tb~ t she will not b ve egs in t be inside track as in the p~at .

I ~ve ~d meat triend1y relation~ with the leaders on both sides for all'\os t four ye.1ra . I got ~olong IVith the t'li~~:ht Govern­:1ct .swell •a ith the lett bac.Ube 0 r the ~ener l recornit1on

EMBASSY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

or y edmira tion •nd tteotion t or sr in end mo~e than any oth~r "'1.t loaat 1r: mr. ny pe ... r I h \"'II ,.t1s1 t 4 ev• ry aect 4 C"" ot ....

impression on .. 11 Spaoi .. rds . •·y obs rvz. tion .nd exp ri&noe hss oonvlnc 14 me or one thing--a genuine desire tor t~· closest possibl e rela­tions with the Uni ted St ates whic~ is ~dmired by th• ~v•r&ge Sp ninrd more thun any other country in the world · I a~A the President i~ n-~P.ed in

tight with the Suprem3 Court und that th~ nttaoks on him ere 1c preoi~ely t he same langu~ge s t 'a t used against the other two chw:~p ions 0 t po:;>ulur goverwnen t . If ever in buman hi s tory a ~·n had~ clear ~~ndet8 from the peo~Ls Roosevelt go t it . ZVer7 one must ltnow th11 t these old men ore de t ermined t o heng on it t~ey b ve t o be curried to court nd ettGnde1 by nurses wn t 11 o ne,ublioan President comes in to appoint a cor porat ion l~wyer as their successors . Th court has buac notor1o~aly puoked since t he uar or the St • tes · "'othing t ha t is proposed by Roosevelt v\~latea the Conatit~:Uon 1n a ny wcy . I think tht t lll!r l es t book is t i lled with emunition tor our people but it any Demcorotio le~ders h.ve rea! it I b•ve not he~rd from the= . In r cot ~ p~rsonal requests , agreed to , have t ailed to elicit trom eny or them e. simple l1ne--"Th1s is goad book" . ''ull , •<~tner and holt a dozen others had ~greed to send me u twenty ~or4 commen t end ~dvance copies were sent tbeo ~11 , but I have not so much os had a "than\< you" tor the book . Dodd ,good old Joauphus Daniels and Governor Horner are the shining except ions . ~ ,~11y the bock

• •

EMBASSY OF THE

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

•ns .. best seller for five solid months 1n every nook 11nd oorner

or the country •1thout these co~ents and I hove le• rned enough

rro~ my exp~rienoe never a ·~in to ask for such ~ thing or to

wuste the books on peopl e who do not even acknowledge their

receipt . This io JUst be~een us .

l!y "ire is well ttnd 718 :~re 11 ving 111 t. l:luae Be.aque house

a mile rr~ town e:d I find th countr> the best pl oe to live .

o1th r8£4rdS and best •ial:les,

P.on . D~niel C. Roper esh1ngton, D. C.

Sincerely,

~~

--llarcll 8 , 1915?

•-rudua t.o ll.t'. Draper

Be.• liaiaee iJI Steal Pricea

lhUa tile aaJor -•nt.r tor the CIUTeGt boos t. ill prie .. 1e prortdad by t ba nee 1Aoreaae ud bour adJut.ment, a a trona eontr1-but1Jia factor ia the rap1dl7 iJienuing cost of raw uteriala, particular~ eorap.

Coaaideriq ·~•• &loae, the &DJIOUDced iJicr.uea uou t to about ~ u bol&r--ratloi!r aore tban leaa when the O'l'ertiae !actor 11 t aken into &CCOWit.

Our beat eatiaates ot t he &Tera&e DID boura inTolYed iJI produc-1111 the Ya.r1oue ot.eu p1·oducte raqe tra 28 tor blllete to &bout 10 tor rir rope. u exaaples , consider three iteas: ( l ) billets, ( 2) aercbant bnra, (S} dot rolled shoots:

~1) 2) S)

28 bra . at ].Of sa hra . o.t lOf i1 bra. at ].Of

iDereaae •. .•••.• $2 .80 par II • • • • • • • • :5.80 w

t.on •

• . .•• .••• 5 . 70 • • ! he acw al incre-a aawouaced tor t bace iteaa baYe been $!5 .00, t s.oo and ee.oo t.o , 7.CO. J"ujoo.c.h~ ly.

fila entire nee 1acreaae arutad at thi s ti.Ae eUl uoUDt , it adopted b7 t ba I!Dtir e 1acllls tr;y, t.o about 108 allllon dollar a a year. Our outl'llt of !1.11hbad steal laat 7ear was about. f;~ a1ll1on tone . t m.a, the onrall a'ferap incres.se Jus tifiable by bi&ber uaee is a lll.tle aore tbul $5.00 pe r toa.

It we take 1Ato aeeo1111t the lDcruau._ coats of raw materials, the picture ie aore a tri.k1.11&. Siace October 1, 19!!6, the prico of acrap 1r= ed s t eel baa iJicreasad !'roll ~5 . 50 t<> ... 00 per ton and t.., price of aiDe h..a ria• 21 par poWid. To cite t "o eaaapl10a lnclud-1111 theae adjed coataa

( llr. lira per

(l) BUleu• tur •••• duo \o ..... ....... . . ·~ -80 • • • aorap

(ts.IO X .t)) · •• •• • •. •• • ...J...jQ. Dil'eft lacnal!ecl ooa~a 81- 10/l/Y.. .. . t4.20

(!) Gaballiioecl 1roa alleeu U pqaa lac .... Que \0 a ape .• •.•.••• •• $.1.70 • • • aorap •• • •••• ••• 1. 40

• • • aiDa r1•• •••••• •• ! . §0 Dtr - .laore...aed ooau a1aoe 10/l/te • ••••• 19.80

fbeae are, o! coureo, Ullaat.rate ...S ~t')' ~!IF eurreat. .. p ac .... lt-.

oal7 roucJLlT correct, l>u~ u...,. • •TYP w rol>la olll ch ia'I'Ol ••• 100re l.hen jll&t t..._

I. L. kr:Uoa, Chief, le~al• aod lli:>arall Divt eioa

Effects of the Re-Armuent Progru on the United Sta tee

Today in the aajor countries of n.rope, normal econoeic li.fe is being sub­ordinated to re-IU'IItl.llellt proP'.... These programs han not yet reached their hei&hts end may be expected to accelerate. The United Kingdoa has announced a r&o-ar~~U«~t prograa for the next the years w1 th an expalditure or tr011 t7,500, 000, 000 to $15,000, 000, 000. In other countries expenditures ere also large but the amounts are not ude public.

Effects of the r ...........,ent program on the United states are ea follows:

Europa is not a natural IDD.l'ket for iron and steel fiom the llni t ed States; novertheleaa, exports ot these comoditiee, including scrap iron, trou> the United States to Europa increaaad in 19.35 and in 19.36, while export& of these coaodities to the rest or the 11orld deolined during the .,.,. period. OUr exports of equipment for re-armuaent, such u machines, tools, e t c., uaing ferroua and nonferrous 11etals alec increased -.ery ab.arply .

Countries that are not in the u.aent race, such ae those ot South ADerica, and China, are looking to the llnited States tor IIIIJlutectures of iron and steel end other industrial co~~~:~odities which non:>ell7 thq obtain troa Europe, while nttopa ia drawing •ore heartl7 oo those countries for raw aateriale and food­stuffs.

The recent large incraaee in ngea in the iron and steel induetry waa doubt.­leasly greatly facilitated by the demand tor iron and steel for war purposes. ConsequentlY, even labor is interested in and finds its welfare baaed on re­arwunent demands and our Alllariean manufacturers and exporters are oJ.ro&cly reas>­ing •war protita• even though no war bae been declared .

P'urtberr.tore, if this increased demand for nr material accelerates in the future aa it has in the pest year, we shall find our entire natioo , inaluding labor . even before the outbreak or war, geared to a condition or belligerency in the wor ld wb.ich would aeriOW!l,y affect our neutrality in sj4te of all leghlation, and intense and carefUl etuq of the effect of neutrality legis-lation oo our eecnOilic 111'e is therefor e desirable prior to pa.uin& euch legial&tioo. This atud7 should take into aanaideration our illport neceaeitiea as well ae our axport trade. So=e imports are vi tal t.a our eca'loeic Ute and even to our na t.ional defense. For instance, our entire auto.otive and aerooautics induatz'y 1a dependent upoo the importation or rubber. The Unit.ed States now has about tour aontbs' supply on hand. Great Britain controls the source of supply and this rubber 1a imported al.lloet entirely in Brit.i• and Japanese ehipe.

f'rom a purely eeooomic standpoint and tor practical purposes , a state or war in the world no• axieta and legielation should leave the Chief Executive's banda tree t.a deal with the a1t.uat1on on that baaie.

-

~arch bth, 1937 .

wr . Daniel c. Hoper , ~ecretary ,

Deportment or Commerce , 'o'/ashington, D. c.

Wy dear l<il' . Zecrotary: -

In our conversation regarding lr . Alexander Legge, we discuaaed his stste~ont of the general average of percenta e of cumulative labor coat content in wholesale pricea , and I procised you at that time to aend you a copy of thia if I was able to fLnd it . I waa fortunate enough to unearth this in one or :.y files , and I run sending you a copy herewith, •nhich I hope may be of interest to you .

I understand that tho Deportment

~ of co. "'Ioree axpects to appoint fOUl' members on tho Planning

)

C=i,;tee for tee Seventh "orld 1 s Poultry Congress, to be held in 1939 . If c~s1atent , I would appreciate ~t 1l you would have ao=oone send ~0 tho ~es of tLese go~tl~en when they have been appointed, so teat I OA] send tue= a copy of our brochure, and give the:n such 1nfo,".:4t1on as is necessary in their ~eliberations for selecting a suitable builaine wherein the Poultry ~ongress and ~position may be held.

W1 th regar ds .

Yours very truly,

.llE t::rro:; s oc. YARD ~ '""::s! CO 'PANY

- /S

~GO By~ Manas

• >f1Cl(N'I'AC~" •!' C1'"1LAT!VI: f.-\BO I COI!T CO !l'F.l:T t'N 'l'mOLF~'iAL~ PRIC 'S

EA~IC !!ATERI AUI 'X;"UPACTU .PD PllOOtJCTS AGR I CUL'!'Ul1."' l"T ~CFLLI'. ROUS

coal 79~ Barbed lf1re 86' Crops Coke eo :.ocCtnotivea 85 Truck Lumber 79 .• ailway cars 78 Fruit Steel 85 Book pnper 78 Animal Pig Iron 86! .1adiators 84 Butter St eel Cast 1ngs 86 Hardware 82 Lea t hor 78 Shoes eo Paint 72 r.ten•s clothing 79

Elec . ! .. achinery sea All machinery 84 Plate glass 85 Copper 84 Furniture 85 Agri . Imple1:1onts 82 -roolen Textiles 80 Adding J.:ac'dnos 84 Pianos 82

General Average

Sl( 82 . 2 {

Oeneral Average t'or the Four Groups 79 . 9%

On the basi s or cumulative labor representing 80fo Distribution t'or the 100~ is as follows:

La bor . . . . . . Taxes and Insurance

Oeprecia tion

Interest

•

• • •

i.!h cellanoous • • • •

Profit semi finished product •

Prot'it • • • • • • • • • •

eo;( 6

0 . 5

1 . 5

4

3

5

100

70~ .:tailroad 81,8 78 Building eo 70 )~ otor 76 Truoka 82 82 Motor-

cycles eo

81~

i'l . H. t.anea

.... 10, lilT ............. !1M lla1oa ~Wok lull a b .. &\ 0..,..,, lla1a ftMII IU'U, Gill .... , "''•l•· DMr ... . -

I .._ ,_ ,_ ,_ .I.A._ .t tM "I'* wita -. a\ ......... ._., et tae aaenl •= ,. ot PAll .... et I "Uft laW_ .. 1a ' hm1 e pr1.... 1 • n:q al.M w a•t. \b11 .. u wlU w, • 111 ., ews .. ~ u. u... ot ov -="• .....,. 1•-. ben. ·

...

..... -.ua, llUMW ., \lie ........ ,.._ '• leU, 0 •••xsr et W.. Urlnder '· o,., IIUMw, hr1 • .,

I••'P a I 1 ... 0 r• n. ....... •. &nl.•, Clalet , .. ...,. Dl'ridoo, lui I ot l•lip • I uu.e C , ...

"+IJa , C. D"EI .......,otc ..

hi 'II .. tale h r"w'

•

M E M 0 R A N D U ~ .

The Chemical Foundation, incorporated under the laws of Delaware on February 19, 1919 , and capitalized at ~500 , 000., is authorized by i ts charter, among other t hings , to "acquire by purchase from the Al ien Property Custodian ~ ~ * patents , and applications therefor, trade­marks, choses in action, and rights and claims of every character and descr i ption" sei zed by him under authority and direction of the "Trading with the Enemy Act" of October o, 1917, as amended; "and also to acquire from any person, firm or corporation any and a l l l etters patent, and applications therefor * *granted by the United States or any other country or government * * * or any inventions which may seem capable of being used for or in. connection with any of the objects or purposes of said corporation, and to hol d any such property and rights , * * * in a fiduciary capacity for the Americanization of such indus­tries as may be effected thereby, " The Foundation was further empowered to license persons and corporations " to make, use, and sell the inventions covered by patents owned or controlled by it", and to "purchase, or otherwise acquire, such personal property of every kind and description * * * suitable, necessary, useful or advisable in connection with any or all of the objects" recited in the charter, which pr ovided that "The corporation is to have perpetual existence . "

In the prospectus issued by the Founda tion in 1919 appears the statement that it "also has power , under its charter, to purchase new patents, and it is hoped that this may become an important field of its activities . " "The chief usefulness of t he Foundation, however, is expected to be as a center of research" , the prospectus continues, and adds that "after the redemption of the preferred stock, the free net earnings of the Corporation shall be 'used and devoted to the devel opment and advancement of chemistry and allied sciences in the useful ar t s and manufactures in the United States . 1 "

The United States in 1924 began an action in the District Court for Delaware to set aside transactions whereby patents, copyrights, etc. , which had been seized

. . . -

- 2-

as the property of the enemy were transferred to &he Chemical Founda tion, Inc . , by the Alien Property Custodian under authority conferred by the "Trading Vlith the Enemy Act . " The complaint al l eged that a number of American manufacturer s , as a r esul t of conditions arising from the World War , had been abl e to combine and monopolize certain chemical industries in this country, and fearing that at t he end of the war German competition woul d destr oy t he monopoly, t hey conspired to bring about t r ansfers and sales of the patents at nominal prices to themselves or to a corporation controlled by them ; that the patents thus obtained would control the industri es i n question and perpetuate the monopoly, and that the sales were procured througb the fradulent deception of t he President , the Alien Property Custodian and other offici als . The answer denied the conspiracy and fraud and asserted that the transfers were made in good faith and pursuant to law and were valid . At the trial of the case much evidence was offered by both parties .

The District Court dismissed the Gover nment ' s complaint , and its decree was aff i rmed by the Circuit Cour t of Appea ls . Both courts found that no unlawful scheme , combination or conspiracy was shown, and t hat there was no deception or fraud . The Government appealed to t he United States Supreme Cour t . The substance and effect of the decision of the Supr eme Court, written by Associate Justice Butler, a r e contained i n tbe following extract (U. S . v . Ch emical Foundation, 272 U.S., pp . 18 and 19) : - - -

"The Trading with t he Enemy Act is a war measure covering specifically , full y and excl usively the sei zure and disposit i on of enemy properti es . The authori ty of the President to authorize sales and to determi ne terms and conditions in lieu of tbose specified ln the proviso, ~ection 41 of t he Cr imi ­nal Code, 35 Stat. 1088 , 1097 decl aring t hat "No officer or agent or any corporation • •• and no •. .• person directly or indirectly interested in the pecuniary profits of such corpora t ion shall be em-

..

/

ployed or shall act as an officer of the United Sta tea .Cor the transaction of business with such corporation • .:J undoubtedl y included the power to cause t he Chemical Foundation to be incorporat­ed to purchase and hold the patents , as specified, and to direct the selection of the directors , officers and voting trustees, The President, and under him the Custodian, acting for t~e United States, the seller of the patents , caused the Foundation to be created to buy and hold t hem, and caused it to be controlled by officers or representa t ives of the On.ited States acting ex­clusivel y in i ts interest. Neither Mr . Garvan nor any of the others who acted for the United States bad any financial interest in the f 'ounda­tion, its profi ts or its contracts . All the cor­porate shares were subscr ibed and paid for by others - those interested in the chemical indus ­tries . They furnished the money to carry out the plan formulated by or under the direction of Mr . Palmer while he was Custodian , Under the vot­ing trust agreement , shareholders were divested of all voice in t he control, business, or affairs of the corporation . all shares are to be held by the voting trustees for 17 yea.rs, within which all patents will expir e . And, by charter provisions, dividends were limited to six per centum per annum . Transferable certificates of beneficial interest were issued by the trustees to the shareholders, but these cannot be used to control tho corporation . The arrangement was intended to amount to a publ i c trust for those whom the patents will benefit and for the promotion of American industri es , and to g i ve to them the right to have on equal and reason­able terms licenses to make , use and sell the i nventions covered by the patents . The Foundat ion is p r operly to be considered an instrumentality created under the direct i on of the Presi dent to effect that disposition and subsequent control of the patents which he determined to be in the public i nterest. The transact ions complained of did not involve any of the evils aimed at by Sec . 41 . The Act will be construed and appl ied as not qualified

/ •

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or affected by that provision of the Criminal Code. * * * And, as the power to dispose of the properties by sales on the terms and condi­t ions specified was included in the gr ant made by the statute, it follows that the rule in respect of sales of trust properties by fidu­ciaries does not appl y . "

The Alien Property Custodian sold to the Chemical Foundation for about ~250,000 . "substantially all of the German dye and cheoical patents seized by him, except those which ..-ere included in the sale of the Bayer Company, Inc. , which took place before the organization of the Foundation ." (Prospectus of the Chemical Foundation, Inc . , published in l'o/19 . ) "The pa t ents cover a very wide field , the classification including metallurgy, fertilizers , fixation of nitrogen, hydrogenation of oils, etc . " The price paid to the Allen Property Cust odian for all of the German patents and trade-marks and copyrights;~ n&rvan says in a brief-which he submitted to the Committee on Reci procity, in January 1935, was ~269 ,850 .

Since i ts creation t he Chemical Foundation has owned approximately 5, 000 patents , virtually all of which were acquired by the original seizure . About 4~00 of these patents were granted prior to February 15, 1~20 , and have now expired, with the result that the inventions they covered have passed into the publi c domain .

According to the recorda of the Patent Office the Chemical Foundation now owns and controls only approx1-

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mately 150 unexpired patents or applications. or these

(l patents 60 wil l expire in 1937 and 48 in 1938. Since 1~21 the Foundation has acquired only a few patents a year. In the fifteen years from 1922 to l93o, for example, only 27 patents and applications tor patents were conveyed to the Foundation by assignments recorded in the Patent Office . The latest assignments au~itted for recording were those on February 5 , 1937, conveying to the Foundation the owner­ship of two applications.

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Notwithstanding that most of the patents held by the Foundation have expired and in spite of a statement in its prospectus putatively commi tti ng the Foundation to dissolution on January 1 , 1936, it nevertheless has war­rant in its charter for indefinite continuance; for the acquisition and exploitation of new patents, and for the use of i ts funds i n establishing schol arships , founding labor atories, subsidizing r esearch, etc . Some of these activities i t has been conducting for the l as t fifteen years . The decision of the Supreme Cour t, already quoted, would appear to be a vindi cation of the Foundation ' s aims and objects and a l so of i ts methods.

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DEPART MENT OF COMMERCE

UNITED STATES PATENT OFJIP IC~

WASHINGTON March 10 , 1937 .

~~~.21!!!!.~!!.!:!

To : The Secretary of Commerce From : The Commissioner of Patents

Subject : Singl e Court of Patent Appe als - McAdoo Bill S . 475 .

The federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction in l itigation affecting patents and in the interpretation of the law~n whi ch the patent system is founded . Many, if not indeed, the great majority of the judges of these courts lack the scientif ic train.ing to enable them to understand the h1ghly technical facts and issues involved in patent cases . In many jurisdictions patent litigati on is of such infrequent occurrence t hat the judges in such districts and circuits have no need or opportunity to become familiar with the laws and procedure concerned . Stil l other judges are so unsympathetic in their att i tude toward the patent system and so openly critical of it; , that their decisions accordingl y appear to be influenced by t heir prepossessions and pr ejudices, t bat they exemplify the truth of the President's s t atements with respect to the tendency of certain members of the judi­ciary to usurp l egisla t ive powers end prerogatives . The disposition of many federal judges to nullify the gr ants of the United States is manifest in their numerous holdings of invalidity and is a threat to the patent system.

The remedy for th.is situation - one detrimental to the rights or the inventor, hurtful to industry, and injuri­ous to the patent system - is the establishment of a s ingle court of patent appeals manned by judges havi ng the peculiar legal and technical experience and competency to equip them for the task of adjudicating cases of incalculable import to the progr ess and prosperity of the American people, and whose disposition would be t o preserve and i mprove the patent system and to realize i ts constitutional and statutory objectives . 'l'his desideratum is denied by present conditions of conflict and confusion in judicial deci s ions throughout t he countr y . A single court for the entire United States will provi de uni formity and finali ty, with speed and economy, which can not now be attained by tbe ten circuit Courts of Appeals composed of judges l acking the special qualifications that the d i scharge or such vastly important duties should presuppose.

Commissione ,

The Honorable Daniel 0. Roper Secret ary of Commerce Washingt on, D. C.

My dear Mr. Secretary:

!Jarch 3, 1937

It has come to my notice that a Bill S.475 by Mr. McAdoo is before the Senate with reference to the establishment of a Court of Patent Appeals, and I venture to hope th~t you may feel justified in bringing to the support of this Bill as much administrative backing as may be possible.

You will recall that a recommendation very closely along t hese l i nes was one of the three major recommendations by the late Science Advisory Board submi tted to you on April 6, 1935 in response to your letters or l~ 11 and December 15, 1934 requesting our Board to report upon means for facilitating the development or new non-competitive industries and in which you approved the study of the rela tionship or the patent system to new industries. If I remember correctly, these recommenda­tions were endorsed also by the Business Advisory Council.

I quote two paragraphs from the Science Advisory Board's report as follows:

•we recommend therefore that there be established a single court tor patent appeals, in order to establish and maintain harmony and accuracy in judicial interpretation or patent quest ions , by confini ng the appellat e jurisdiction in civil pat ent causes to one court, compos ed of permanent judges having the necessary scientific or technical backgrounds.•

' Each judge should be learned in the law and profici ent in knowledge or the industrial application of science, and should have had a reasonable experience in the trial of patent suits on the Bench or at the Bar. If in order t o grasp more fully epecial technical qusstions, the court wishes to call temporarily upon experts to advise and consult on di fficult pointe, it should be enabled to do eo.•

The Honorable Daniel C. Roper -2- Karch 3, 1937

Both Dean Bush, chairman ot our committee on these questi ons, and I agree t hat the McAdoo Bill is wisely drawn t o accompl ish the import~~t obJectives as recommended by our committee. We believe that this will be an important step, whioh we hope may be tollowed by several others, looki ng toward the better functioning or our patent organi­zation under modern conditione.

Respeottully yours,

J<~r. ~ Presi dent

!Ire t orl Te Collpt.OD, Prea1det, IIN«abunttl 1Dit1tuto

of tMisolOIJ, Oc~~M>i.dce, laeaacbu.eetta.

l 11rcth 1, 1181.

I h~•• 10UT lett or ot Waroh &, with reterenca to

a. 4fl, lnt.ro-tueed by Senetor lek'oo, provld1Di:' ror tlw

ee\&blhbiNDt ot a Court or Patent Appeale.

Bu• iDM• Ad'f'ieoJT ~u, au.., hea the hiN'1r edoa •• mt ot

the Cc laeloner of Pe.te\1. 1 WUb t.o IIINJ'e JOU thl\t if

aa to \be attitude of the llialailtl'atiala towarda tbU _.aun,

Sa •W. of ~~ a<Mltl.oaol 5 •• which l\ wUl laYelft, w

wU1 do ~ ,...u .. ble to fuor Uww lu aduan r\ ill

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7&ru OONOUESS t .... S ... ool< S.475

IN •rn:E SJ<;~A'l'B OF 'rilE UNITED S'l'A'l'ES

JAN UARY Q (<alendh l' dA)', JANUARY 8), 1937

Mr. Ma.\noo imroduc;ed tho followinl( bill; wloirlo ,..., """ twX. and ~ftned to the Committ .. on the Judiciary

A BILL •r o establish 1\ Court of Pnteot •\ ppellls.

1 Be it cmwted b!J lite Senate and Hou8e of Repre8Cilla-2 tivu of tltc U11iled States of America in Congrcu aS&I"'nblcd, 3 SECTION 1. That the United 'tale$ Code, title 28, shall 4 be amended by adding tboroto the following sections: 5 "SF.cTION 1. COURT; JUDOllS; &.LAJ!lliSj QUOll U~(;

6 OTJ!OU IT OJ! OISTJ!l()1' JUOOF.S 1I'"\Y AOT.-Thcro shall be a

7 court ol tho Unite~ Stales to be known as the Court of Pntcnt 8 Appeals, whicl1 sllall consist ol a presiding judge find four 9 1\Ssocinte judges, ciiCh ol wbom sball have demonstrated

10 specinJ R]ltitude in I he proctico Or ndministrotion Of the 11 patent law before or in d1e United States courts, and each

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1 of whom shall be appointed h) the Prc~idcnt, by nud with

2 the advice and ooment of IJ1e Senate. The presiding jndge

3 sholl receive tl1 0 ~nlnry of S tll,500 per nnnum, unci the

4 associate judges shnll each rc<·ci\'C the snlnry of 813,000 per

5 nnnum, payable monthly from the 'l'rcn~ury. The presiding

6 judge slmll be so designated in the comrnillsion i sued to him

7 by the Pre-idcut; nnd the o--oeiatc judges shall hn.\'e

8 preccdrnce ocrording to the\ dntcs of ti iPir ro1nmi;,,innR.

9 Any three mcmb~rs of said <•ourt shall t'fJnstit utc u quorun1,

10 and the concurrcnrc of a majority of tluJse member~ sitting

11 shall Le neccs>ory to any dcci~ion thereof. In case of 1111

12 emergency, or of the temporury inability or disqnnlificatiou,

).8, for any cause, of one or more of the judge. of said court, the

H Chief Justice of the United St.otes may, upon request of the

15 presiding judge of said court, designate any qualified United

16 States circuit or di;,trict judge or judges to act as judge or

l7 judges o£ Sllid COlll'L during snid t.mnpornry inability, dis·

18 qualification, or other emcrgcnry; and such circuit or district

19 judge or judges shall be duly empowered so to act. In ease

20 the presiding judge is unaLic hccatiSO of illness or any other

21 cause to exerciEe any power gi\'Cn or to perform any duty

22 imposed by Jaw, such power or duty shull be cxcrcisnd by

23 the associate judges of tho court in the order of the seniority

24 of their respective commission~.

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"8£0. 2. 8ci£NTIPIC ADVJs:t:ll; IIAL&Rfi'.S.-'J'hree

~rientifio advi~ers to the court, ea~h of whom hM demon­

~tmtc<l nptitud;· in scientific ttnd technulogiCill fi cldB, shall

be appointed by the rourt, nnd each stientific ad,·iser shall

receive tho !ttiJnry of 812,000 per annum, payable monthJy

from tho 'L'rerumry. 'l'bo scientific advisers shall be ap­

pointed from di\'crse scientific llDd technological field~. The

~tienti6c advisers shal l devote their services exolush·ely to

said court, nnd shall not be eligible for appointment as

commissioners, masters, recei,·ers, or referees, and shall

rrrcive no !res other tbon tho salary provided for the serv­

iocs which they pcrfonn. 'fhe scientific advisers shall act

in 11n ad,·isory Cilpacity to snid court in aooordanro with

14 directions or assignments from the presiding judgG.

15 "8£c. 3. 1'1-llfURE AND RETIREID:N"T OP JUDGES A~'D

16 SOJR..'>TIFlC ADVTSEllS.- Tbe judges of the Conn of Patent

17 .II ppeals sLnll hold offioc during good behavior. l!'or the

l8 purpose o! section 375 o! this title (relating to the resigna-

19 tion and retirement of judges of the courts o! the United

20 St.Jtes) ; tho judges o! thjs conrt shall bo considered to bo

21 circuit judges. The scientific advisers of this court shall

22 hold office during good bcluwior, excopt that any scientific

23 nd viser may IJo removed nt the plei\Suro o! the court. When

24. any scientific tHh'i<er resigns his office, or is removed by

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1 the court, after holding the ofliec nt len<t ten years con-

2 liouously, and having attained the age of seventy years,

3 he shall, duriug the residue of his naturnl life, receive tho

4 salary which ill payable at the lime of bis resi!,'lllltioo or

5 removal.

6 "Bro. 4. MMISD u ,; .U•I'Oil'Tli~;="T, 5-\L.\JlT, .U.'l>

7 OUTJES.-&id court shall ha,•e the sen-ices of a marshal,

8 wilb tl10 SlllllC dut irs nnd powerf!, ur1d1'r tlta regulations of

9 the oourt, ns were provided ou March 3, 1911, for the

10 ruarsLnl of the Supreme Court of tbe United States, so far

11 as the same may be applicable. Snid services within the

12 Distri~;-t. of Cohunbia shall be perfonned by a lllJU"Shal to

13 ba appointed by and to bold office during lbe pleasure of

14 U1c court, who shall receive 11 Stllury of 83,000 per annum.

15 Said serviceQ outside of the District of Columbia shall be

16 perfonned by the United Stairs nu1n<hals in and for the

17 districl8 where sessions of said court may be held; and to

18 thiB end Mid marshals shall be nllln.bnls of l!llid court. Any

19 numbnl of snid court is authorixcd to purohnse, under the

20 direction of the presiding judge, such bocks, periodicals, nncl

21 stationery o.~ mny be necessary for the usc of said court;

22 and sucll expenditures shall be allowed and paid by tbo

23 Sccrclary of the Treasury upon claim duly made and

U approved by Mid presiding judge.

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"SEC. 5. Ct,ERK; Al'f'OINT!OlNT, SAiuUlY, AND

DUTil'.S.-'l'hc court shtill appoint n clerk whoso office shall

be in the city of W nshingtoo, District of Oolurnbia, and who

shnll perform nnd exercise the same duties and powers in

regard to nll matters within the jttriscliction of snid court as

were cxcr~ised iLDd performed on March 3, 1911, by tho

clerk of the SuprcmG Oourt of the United States, so far as

tho snme may be applicable. Tho clerk shall receive a

snlary of $5,000 per annum, which shotll be in fltll payment

for all service rendnred by such clerk, ROd shnll bG co-nsidered

to be a clerk of 11 circttit court of appeals, for the purposes

set fortb in this title, sections 544 and 546. Snid clerk

shall not be appointed by the court or ILDY judge thereof as

a commissioner, lllliStcr, receiver, or referee. The costs and

fees in the said court slwll be fixed artd cst.ablished by snid

court in a tablG of fees to be adopted and approved by the

Supreme Oourt of the United States. Tho costs and fees

so fixed shnll not, witb respect to any item, exceed the costs

and fees charged in tho circuit cotrrt or appeal; and the

same shnll be expended, accounted for, and paid over to

tile 'l'rcnsury of the United States.

"SEC. 6. ASSTSTAN'T CLERK, S:t'.EN'OOIUPII1C CLERK,

BAILTFl', ANll llfP.SSEN'GER.- ln addition to the alcrk, the

court may appoint an assistant clerk, five stenographic

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1 clerks, one bailiff, oue messenger, nnd such other employees

2 lUI may be upproprintrd for by C'ongrc,;, who~o sulnries

3 ~hull t.c l'nyublo in c•tnul mouthly inolnllmrnts, nnd ull of

4 whom, iucluding tho ciHk, shu ll bold ollice during the

5 plrasure of, nnd pcrfom1 such duties as nre nssigurd tl1cm

G by, tho court. The IUI'istrull clerk, steuogrnphio clerks,

7 bailiff, mc.st>ugcr, and other empiO) ecs s11nll be allo\\cd the

8 sumo compcn$jllion for their reS[lC!'livn services as ttre nllowcd

9 for ~imilar services in the curt'Uit cvurl. of a11penls.

10 "SEC. 7. 00UU'J: ALWAYS OPEN; Sl ;s$10Xt;; EX-

11 P.llliSF.S.- The Court of Patent A ppcals shall nlways be open

l2 for the trnosnction of business nud sessions thereof mny, in 13 the discretion of the court. be held io tho se,·crnl judicial

H circuits, nnd nt such plnr·os as snid court u1ny from limo t.o

15 time designate. Any judge or scicotific nd,·iser who, in

lG J>tuwancc of the provisions of this cllnptcr, shall t\ltcnd n. 17 sc:-o;ion of snid rourt nf nny place other thon in tho city of

18 Washington shnll be paitl, upon his writton ond itemized

19 ccrtilicnte, by the mnntbal of this court, his actual and

20 nt•ccssary expenses incurred for trnYcl WJt! nttcndnnc<', nnd

21 the nctual nnd ncce~snry expenses ol one stenographic

22 clerk who mny nccompnuy him; any clerk, nssistnnt clerk,

23 or other ofllccr of th is court who, in pnnmnncc of pro­

U visions of thit chapter nud by order of tho presiding jndgo

25 of this court, shnll attend 11 session of sajd court at any place

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1 other titan tbe city of Wuhington shall be paid, upon his

2 writlen and itemized eenilie~~te Afl!Jro'·cd by the presiding

3 judge, by tbe u•aNI1al of thi• court, his nchwl and ncooi!Silry

4 expenses incurrrd for trnvcl nnd attendance; aod snob pay-

5 ments slulll be nllowcd tlw marsbnl in the settlcmunt of his

6 nccounts with tbo United Stntcs.

7 "SEO. 8. ROOMS 1'011 IIQI,ntNO COUR'I.- Tbc marshal

8 or snid ffiurt lor the l)i~trict of Columbia and the marshals

9 of the sever11l districts in which sessions of tho Conn of

10 Patent Appeals may be held shall, onder tbe direction or

11 the Attorney Oeneml, and with his approval, provide such

12 rooms in the public buildings of the United Statos as may

18 be necessnry for said court. In case rooms cannot be pro­

H vided in sn id buildings, lhon tbo said marshals, with tho

15 npprovul of tho Attorney Ocncml, mny, from time to time,

16 lease such rooms ns may be necessary for said court.

11 "S~:C. 9. Cot:TRT 01' l!E(;ORD; SEAL: RUI•F.S; OEOI·

18 SIO~:;.-Tbe Mid Court of Patent Appeals shaD be a court

19 of record, with juri~diction ns iu this chapter established

20 nnd limited. lt sLall prr~<·ribe the fom1 and style of i~ s~l,

21 and th11 form o{ its wri~ and other process and prooedure,

22 RIId cxerrise such powtrs conferred by law as may be con-

23 formnhlc und ucce!;;l8ry to thu exercise of its jurisdiction.

:u It sbllll eslnblisb llli rules end regulations for the conduct or

211 the bo-inel!ll of the court, and as may be needful for tbe uni-

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1 formity of decisions within iu jurisdiction RS conferred by

2 low. It shall have power to roviow llllY decision or mnttor

3 within its jurisdiction, and may afiirm, modify, or reverse

' the same and rema11d tho case with such orders as mny seem

~ to it proper in the premises, which shall be executed

6 accordingly.

7 "SEO. 10. Ut:OORDS PLAOf~l) ON OALllNDAB; OAJJT, OF

8 OALEli0•\.11.-Immediatcly upon receipt of any record t:rans-

9 mittcd to the Coltrt of Patent Appeals for doicrrninatioo ll1c

10 clerk thereof shall place the ~lmo upon tho calendar for

11 hearing and submi •ion; and su~h celendnr shall be called

12 and all ooses thereupon submitted, except for good eeuse

13 shown, at least once e,·ery two months. Such calendar need

14 uot be eellcd during tho months of July and August of any

1~ year.

16 "SEC. 11. OPINIONS OF COUJIT; WJllTINO; Fll,TNO;

17 RF.COllDINO OOPY IN PATENT Ol'FTOE.- 'fbe opinion of the

18 Court of Patent Appeals in 1wery case shall be rendered in

19 writing, and shall IJo filed iu surh cnse M pnrt of the record

20 thereof, and a certified eopy of said opinion shnll be sen~

21 forthwith to the Commissioner of Pawnts and sholl be

22 entered of record in tbo Paten~ Office.

23 "S•:c. 12. APPELLA'l'l! .TUIIUIOICTJON.-Tbe Court of

24 Patent Appeals shall ha.ve exclusive appellate jurisdiction

25 to review by appeal final decisiom of the district oourts, the

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1 Supreme Court of tho District of Colurnbio, tho United

States District Courts for Hawaii and for Puerto Rico, and

for Alaska, or aJ•Y division thereof, and for the Virgin Is­

lands and for tbe Canal Zone, in all cases which include (a)

issues arising under tbo patent laws, (b) prooeedings to

obtain a patCJlt under title 35, section 63, ( o) proceedings

as to patents under title 36, section 66, and (d) proceed­

ings under title 28, section 400, wherein tbe jurisdiction of

tbo district courts bns been inl'oked upon llll issue arising

tmder tbe patent laws: Provided, That this court shall hii\'O

no jurisdiction o,·ar cases origin31ing in tl1e Court of Clailus,

nor in cases where a direct rtlViow may be bad in the Su­

preme Court of tbe United States under tille 28, section 345.

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"SEO. 18. llPPBALS lN J'ROCEF.DINOS FOR INJONO.

TTONS.-Where, upon a bearing in a district oourt, or tho

Supremo Court of tho District of Columbia, or the United

Buttes District Courts for Hawaii &Jld for Puerto Rico, or

for Aluska, or any division thoroof, or for tbe Virgin Islands,

or for tbe Canal Zone, or by a judge thereof in VI\CIItlon upon

20 any of tho causes spcciliud in section of this titlo (section

21 12 hereof), 1\n injunction is granted, eontinued, modified,

22 refi!Sed, or di8flolvcd by an interlocutory order or decreo, or

28 an application to dill80lve or modify an injllllction is ro­

~ fused, an appoal may be taken from such intalocutory order

26 or decree to the Court. of Patent Appeals; and sections 346

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1 and 347 of title 28 shall apply to uch cases in the Court

2 of PKtont Appeals liS to other C<ISOS therein. Tbe appenl to

3 tho ()ourt of I'uhmt A ppcals must be uppUcd for withiu

4 lltirty doy~ from tho entry of such order or decree, and shall

5 take precedence in the appeUato court; and the prooecdiugs

G in other re;;pecll! in the court bclow shnll not be tayed dur-

7 ing tho pendency of such appeal unless otherwise ordered

8 by the court below, or the appclluto court, or a judge thorcoC.

9 'rho court below may, in its tlisorotion, rettuire au additionuJ

10 bond os a condition of the appeal.

11 "SRO. 14. APPEALS J.1i SUITS IN EQUITY FOR L.'l-

12 FRINO&llRNT OF LETT.EBS PATENT ~'OR U.'VENTION"S; STAY

13 OF l'BOOBEDINOS FOR AOOOONTlliO.-\Vhcn in 8lly suit iu

14 equity for infringement of lctlol'f; patent for inventions, u

15 decree is rendered which is final except for the ordering

16 of 811 acoounting, an appoal may be taken fl·om such decree

17 to tho Court of Patent J.ppcals: Provided, That such appeal

18 be tokou within thirty days from tho entry of such decree;

19 and tho procccdi1tgs upon tho oCCOimting in the court below

20 shall not be stayed unless so ordercll by that court during

21 tbc pendency of suclt ap~.

22 "SKC. 15. R &I'IBW O.F J OOOMENTS OF LOW'£11 COURTS

23 gx&IIOI.SlNO OONCUlliUI!iT J UIUSDICTION WITH 0011111' OF

:U CLAniJI OR ADJUDICA!l'lNO OLA.JliS AGAINST THE UNITED

26 STATB&.-In eases in tbe lower courts specified in sectiou

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of this title (section 12 Ul!l'cof) wherein they exercise

2 roucurrent jnri•diction with the C-ourt of Claims or adjudi-

3 o·uto clain~J; aga inst tho United Stntl•S, iol\•olving ono of tho

~ cull8es of uctiQn set forth in section of this title (section 12

;) hereof), the judgment Sh&JI bo SUUjC4/I. to rc1·iew in the

() ('ourt of Putout Appcnls like other judgmrnts of tho (] istrict

7 courts; and title 28, section~ 346 &nd 347, shall 111111ly to

8 ~uch cases in tho Co11rt vf Polleut A JIJlOuls us to o!l1er cases 9 therein.

10 "SEO. I G .• 'LLLOWASCE Of' A.J'l'.SAI.S.- A.uy judge of

11 tho Court of Patent Appeals, io respect of cases brought or

12 to be brought before tlmt court within tho pro1·isions of this

13 Act, shall ba,•c the S8JDO powers and duties as to allowances

H o( appeals and UHI conditions of such nllownncos as by law

15 belong to judges of the circuit courts of appeal.

16 "SEO. 17. Tno; 1'011 MAKll'O API'LICA'l'IOll ~'OR A.J'-

17 PJlAl,,- No nppcaJ intondod to bring uny finn] jutlgnoont or

18 final deereo before the Court of Potent Appeals for review

19 shall be allowed 1mles. Application Ulcrefor be duly made

20 within tbroo months nflN' the eutry of such judgment or

21 decree.

22 "SEO. 18. 0oiDIT RQUIVALE1'1' TO A OtRCUIT OOURT

23 01' APP•:AJ.$, FOR CERTMN P UR1'081:1:1.-The Court of Pat-

24 ent Appeals &haJJ be considered to be a circuit court of ap-

26 peals, and the judges and officers thereof shall be considered

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1 to be judges ond officers of u circuit rourt of appeols, lor

2 the purpo!'e$ set forth in title 28, srctions 218 (relnting

3 to conferences of circuit judges, nnd so forth, tllld ns to snid

4 see1ion the presiding judge of this court shall be con•idered

5 to be the senior judge), 222n (relating to law clerks for

6 circuit juclgos), 346 (rolatiug to oortillcntiou of questions

7 to tbe Supreme Court), 347 (relaring to writs of certiorari

8 isbucd by the Su1>reme Court, nnd appeals to the Supreme

9 Oourt), 350 (relat ing to tho obtaining of writs of certioruri),

10 372 (nilitting to the oaths of jduges), 377 (relating to the

11 power to issue writs), 305 (relating to rights of omccrs

12 of i.ho court), 865 (relating to the provision of printed

13 transcripts), 870 (relating to bonds and costs on .appeal),

14 872 (relating to writs of error), 877 (relating to tho ro-

15 mnnding of onscs), 878 (relating to damages 110d costs on

16 affirmance), and 879 (relating to limited rights of

17 reversals) ."

18 SF.o. 2. 'fhat tho United tales Codr, title 28, shall be

19 amended in the existiog sections thereof in the following

20 p~trticulars :

21 "Sr.c. t. Section 225 ~hall be fUll ended by inserting,

22 !lt tlJc ends of eado of parts (11) Alld (b) tlocrcof, tbe follow-

23 ing: 'Pr01.-idcd, however, 1'bat the eircuit rou.rt of nppeal

24 shall have no jurisdiction in such case as are within the

~ jurisdiction of tbo Court of Patent Appeals, ns specified in

r .

•.

-

... '< ,..

. .

I .

18 1 scctious , and of this title' (S('(:tions 12, 13, 2 14, and 15 hereof) .

3 "SEO. 2. Section 227 shall be amended by adding at 4 the end tboreof the following: 'P,·oviJ.Icd, ltowcve•·, 'l'hat the 5 circuit courts of appeal sllall have no jurisdiction in such 6 cases llll ore within lho jurisprudence of the Court of Patent

7 Appeals, ns specified in sections , and of this 8 title' {sections 12, 13, 14, and 15 hereof).

9 "SEO. 3. Section 227 A shall bo, )lnd the SIUUO is 10 hereby, expressly repealed."

11 SEO. 3. AU appeall! defined io sections , 110d 12 of this title {sections 12, 13, 14, and 15 hereof) which 13 shall have been fLied in the circuit courts of appeal, or in 14 tho Court of A ppenls of the District of Columbia, and ttll

15 cases for which application for appeal shall ba,•e been made, 16 at tho timo this Act comes into effect, shall be beard and 17 determined by the respective oppellatc court os tl1ougb tltis 18 Act hod not been passed; except iliat the Court of Pat~nt 19 Appeals may order tl1nt any suolt case or cases not thoroto-20 fore beard or submitted to the appcllntc court be transferred 21 forthwith to tho Court of Pnteut AppetLIS, together with the 22 original papers, printed records, and record entries duly 23 certi6ml. All applications for appenll! alter the date this 24 .Act comes into effect in causes in which the appellate juris-25 diction is by thi~ Act conferred upon tho Court of Patent

r • . .

14

1 ;\ppeals shnll be mude for Hf>peru to the Court of Plltj)ut

2 Appeals. I <

3 SEo. 4. That ull lnws or pnrt~ of lnws inconsistent with r ~

4 tho provisions of tl1is Act nrc hQreby repealed.

:> SEO. 6. This .Art shoJI tnke c!Tel!t 90 tl11ys alter it~

6 ouactmeut.

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I

THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE"?7 /

q_ WASHINGTON /

.1111111 18, 19157

Forl Co1e~~e1 Man1n H. lloint;yre Aseiatant SeoretarJ to the Preeident

lra.a S.cretacy of Commerce

It ie probe.'blJ' better tor • DOt to brizlg up at t}w Cab1Jiet .. tiJii the tollorinc ~~atter and hence I pus it tbrougb rou to the Preaidentr

SoMtille 11• Gerald •· J'otm.ou, writer for the Baltiaore I!Weni.n& Sua adrlled • that be bad aood reasgn to bel1eYe that tbe JaehiDCton P11et coul4 be purobesed to advlllltqe. I towld bow 1t could be tinanoed 1t purchased and then got a triepd to cautig~ approe.oh the preeent -r about it,

It ne discovered that it ill not now tor eale and I will at - f'uture tiM oonve;y to tbe President further 1ntor-.t1on about the lituetioa.

n.c.a.

J

Uemo to Seo. Roper floom l\lr . Cha lmor 11

'

October 11, 19~7 .

I

Subjeot-•Boarine on Amer ican Trade or Japan ' ll Roetr1ot1on or Dnpor t11 .

s~-Jnpan--Drawer 2--19~7

--'IVC COfTieHS ­C....~I,.U•\111'0101.1 ... OC.ONO&Ao~~~a.\"'-'

" •SStS.SI Itltl VAI,..L~V ~(~TUCKY•T~HMC$$CC T UCA$ C.OITIOH

PROGReSSIVE: 'AAMEA · ~URAUST CO. \ \)... 1

PUDLISHitRS ~ ~~

Jmnm ~v ~~ara.maaaw:Jtlbaa•·~mwa~=~

l.AilOCS'f C I A'CUt.ATtOH 0,. AHV $OUTH ERH PUIILtCATIOH EsTAbLI SH ItO 1886. Put:u,.taH~D MONT'Hf-'1'

Secretary Daniel C. Roper ~nsh1ngton 1 D.C.

Dear Secretary Ropero

Rale i gh, N.c. , Nov. 24, 19217.

The enclosed copy of a letter I am sending all members of Cong ress may interes t you.

Yours 81ncerely

Clarence Poe1 r President and Editor

ol"•tt:.£.1, I H lll • t. IUOM,N(;

a1a114u~GhA."'• ""I.A MII!:M.HtS,'I'I!NW DAL.~Tit:~tA-'

Jf' •0NS-" ,.AIIIOL•~·V• ... ....

PROGRfS.!IIV~ PA~M E.R • RUI:JALI5T CO.

OIF""'ICC... IN •lt.i.-I:IOM "'" • R.MI._ ..... IIII •• I.Io. MCM.HIIo riHH DALI.A1 TC. IIA.

OlrOI'tOl"' ·~

~~~~~~:!~~~T~~';.~. .. c.~c l fC. M#I.J COITION

PU D L ISt4 CAa

lAf)01[1.r CIPCULAr"IOH Or' A.HY SOU T H CRI'<l PU8L IC:A t10N [.STAtiLI3hCO l(t86. PutU,.IS"t:O M Otrn'hLV

bl.tp, •• o •• 10'1. "· 108'7

SOBJECT1 QOIOJ: AC!IOI IDDID BOTH Bt BOSIRSS An ACIRIOtJI/WU

!hat ao••thi.Da tar-r .. ohlnc 11111t be done not o~ t or Aaerio&n bueiDeu but &lao tor uerl cu acrloulturl 11 proved b7 t.he tollowinc o. 8, D. A, atatlatloa obow1Dc bow auob below •par1t7 pr1oeo• the actual pr loeo ot our ltadi.Da oropo now &rll

Cotton, lb. Corn, bu llbl&t, bu. Pot&toea, bu.

Aotual. a.1 08.9~ 88.7.

"·"

P&rU7 le." 8&.~

11'7.8. 01. ~

Peanuto, lb. Oatl. bu. 11&7, ton

Actual 3.2. 28.~ . 8.'7'7

Parit7 a. •~

lll.l~ . 18.'70

JUrtboraore, whatever Ooncro•• la ,otns to 4o, it ohoul4 do quloklr. There 11 Dothi.Da tund&Mnt&llJ wrons with Aaerloa, but &IOODI bo th 1nd1v1-4uab and natlone TllB COH'l'AOIOH OJ' RAil often oaue .. rooulto 0.1 d1uotrmto &I ors&nio 4111&11. AA4 atook 8&rket quot&tiono, the radlo, and the d&ilr prell have lpre&4 a oonto.alon of tear all over America--a oontaa1oD that can 71t be obeoked b1 prompt action but mt.7 10 t o o&laaitouo lenstht. it not pro•ptlT dealt With. All4 iD the effon to bllp revive botb uerican buaiDell aD4 Aaerloan Acrioulture, I now w1ob to r .. tod JOU of t our •us· seot1ono that eopeoi&llJ deeerve Jour oonoiderat l oD &I follow••

1. J'IDI!W. UliiiiVI AC!ION.--Io. 1 1a & 8U8811t1on b7 Dr. Irv1D1 rlober of Yale OniveraltJ 1noorporo.ta4 1D a letter hi 1a aocdins JOU.

8, RlllOCI 'l.UU 011 1101108 S1'UT 1'011 IUILDIIICJ. · -'l'be 11oond •us· caotioD to ablob 1 •ould aok JOUr attent ion 11 bJ a well known row York banker, r. lberot&dt, ln tbe Hoveabor 18 PIIIITIRB' Ilt1·

"'l'bero can be no return to noraal buaiDeu ao lona u buildiDc and beaq iDduatry are lnaotl va. Let Coosreu (ll crant oradtto on tho noraal and ucdiltr1buto4 prot1to tax t o buainooa, OYer & period, 1&70 Of five 70&rl, to the IXten\ or __ i or &DDU&l

/ profitt for amount• spent on building or ot her per.anen~ l mprovo­••ntt, exteneione, and bottor•onta. (2) ~•t liko Gr odita bo given privata individut.ll, whothor auGb oxpondit\lroo be for relidontio.l or buolnott purpoeee,•

S, USII SOCIAL SECURITY TAl J'ONO JOR BOILDIIIO .--A att ll further •usseotion t or otimulatina buil4ins to given by Ooorge SoUle in the NEW RIPUBLIO of Nove11ber 24 aa follotal

"If we took tho fl, OOO,OOO,OOO of Sooial Soourtty taxoo that are boing paid th lo year by tho Insured, and built low-oost housing with it, tbe operation would otimulato t he weokeat po int in our pre1ent eoono•io tra.mework--eonatruotioD .... would. requ.ire no additional government t orrowing .•.. no additional taxation .. . . would not 1.Jicroau tbo dof1o1 t. •

4. I!CREASE GOLD PRICB NOT FOR I NFLATION BUT RmFLATION ,-- Evon moro important tban all tbeeo , in roy opinion, is t.h• follow ing ouggeotion from tho Co11mittoo For tt•o Notion, No• York:

"The Preaident bas poeor t o ratae tho U. S. price of gold fro• f36 to f41,34 on ounoo whloh ahould raioo baoio co~odity pr1Gos 18 per cent . lo should r ea lly get off a fixe~ pr1oe of gold, and Instead est&blleh a tree aarke t f or gold Jn Now York, as tho Britiah ll:mp1ro hao in London.•

ror 1mmadiate monetary aot1on, bowev~r. i t migh t be b$at to advo­cate 3uot tboao t wo th1llgot

(l) Lot tho Prealdont or Congress inc rease tbo pr i ce of gold in whatever degree wtll restore the average commodity price level to that of 1916,

(2) Announce d efini tely and positivelY, however , (a) tha t the Wbole ~1m and ~urpoee ot euob inoraaae i n the pr loe of gol d ia NO! IJrLATIOI BUT REFLATION, and (b) 1! and when average com­modity pricoa roach and paao tho 1926 level, the price of gold will then be lowered !rom time to t i~e in whatever degree 11 neceooary to •aintain thla atablo level .

llho oon denr that 1t •u IION!:TAIIY AOTIO!l--a readjus tment of tho price or gold a imed not at in.tlatton but refl ation--that oavod A~erica In 1933? And whY oan ee no t again use t ho same remedy to halt defl at i on, while at the soce time providlna automatlo cbooks against i nf l&tton?

toura eino•r•lr,

Prooidont and Zditor Olannoe Poe/f

/ W. + MAIIIAIMAN - IIGI an ••a DANID..C.ftON" .......... ~~

BUSINESS ADVISORY COUNCIL ........... ..., . .....,._. --..... .............. 'f'OIIUC. ... .,, .....,. ... ........ w:-.wc· ............... W'Moi..Mn'o~ ..... ~ 0. ........ 1"01..-o. OHtO. ~All. I", WIOW--.l.CM.I..VIU.&, l'fY,

'CH.A ..... A. CAfoiHOIIt. KAHMIII'Ot.l:t. H. C. ....... L. Q.A'I'TOH. HOUftON. ft;IC.

NYlO Ill. COtma. ~. Q. WLUAW M. ~ .,-,~ ... NO. ................... ~ ... MAN.....,... .............. ~n.OMtO. ......_c.~ .... ,_ Toate. M. Y. TMOM.Io8 A. ..._, ~ C0..0.

'eAMO ~ .... Ye«K. No. Y, co_ ll. • • -...en', ..... YOIIUC, H. 'f. DR. W, Y , &.LIOTT. CAMMioec, MAM. IOHM tolo P'A.Hrt'. W.-..H .... TOM, O, C. UM:OLH "'--- .a.TOM. ........ T. AUft1lll rwcM. ntOMAW&AA M. C.

,.o .. ,.. DIPARTMDfT Of' C0Mio411'1CE ~ 7U7, DIPAifnltUfT fW COMNUCI luu .oe ...

WASHINGITON, 0 , C •

.... ,._ -....... .. .....--. ........... .,., ~·-~ ....... " ., ..... c. .....,_ .. , ~.-YOIHC.M.Y,

'Jot, a. .......oM, na; •aa. H.v. ·~........c ....... .,.llt, ... .,, ..... - .......... "'-&..,..... A. ... • Delli n. L.OU I' wo.

'MII..LANO .4 .......... 1'GM, .......... "" ••

.......... I. ~--·.-. -*TOM. MA4la,

....... """'"'NMI. ... ~"' "· .._,. ... ._""-.._'I"'OIHC.M.Y. ~ .. MIOOIC., ~ .... ,...,.IIC C.~~JII.J. WIU.JAM A. NI.&M. ....... ,.,., 0. C. ... ... ~..,.., ......... .,_ 1, 1(.,-, ..... YOIItK. fil, Y, ._~~-YOfltiC."•'t• ....... .. &..-.. ~JL.AO&I'H ..... ""' --.c..IC.~~...c.

...,_ 01' ..,... 0:...,... coww,.,...

NovealMtr U, 1!13'1

TO: Secretory Roper

FROI!: !D'. lJoHer Jbite

NIA. w.~..-. OM ... .......... ~~....,.,. •-. M.. MUA. MY?OM. OMlOr. ~IT ~T, .... YOIUC. N. y,

..... A. &O.IIIH •• _..H:M., QOHNr.

&, T, _,.AHNAAD, H.W YOJtK. 1111. T, .. IlL enTTUoiiUii. ,1111._1 HWW YOitl(, H, 't, ll. DOUei..UI WfUAJn', CHICAeO, ......

..... .., -.,...,~ .. H. "· W.U..,_ C. ............ .,_., YOitllt, M. T,

I, Y", ,...,.._,_ \'OIM(."T• 1"MMIMAAI J.. WA'NOK. .._ TCJM. .. T. -_., J,. ........_.,_,.,...._ M.T. ~P.wcnclltiU..~ ..... W. Mo. ~J~~too.eTa~~.

K. MY'IJII WH,..., MN ~-. """"· I. CIL.AY WILUaM .. Wl~......a..all, .. C. .... .,....,.. L WOOO. CHtCAeO. IIJ., ...... WOOO!tWP. 41.1'\.AHTA. .....

JDo, Barri&&.D hea u t od \bot I cell your a t tent1oo to

the ettacpe4 latter wbioh ns r ecei ved by him f rom one or

the guest •

Aadatut t o the Cbeii'IUlD.

Latter, detecl No.,.mber 10, 1937, t o »r. •. A, Bo=I.JI&D , t'roEE !D'. 1. C. liicbOlA, attached

dinner iD Chicago .

•

OUic:t Or 1'1U rt. t iiOIJot .J C:. NIC:HOU

Counlc'Y Club Dr:strict ~VJ\ ~ / KANSAS CITY

M I .SSOU J\.1 :110 WAII.D PA,Ii:YAT' C:OU)/Tn' ('I,V ' P""Z.,

Mr. W, A. U.rrima.n, Ouaineea Adviaory Council ,

tlovember 10 , l9S7

Room 7627 Department of Co,.,oroo Build !g, W• ohington, D. c.

Dear Ill". !!a rriman 1

I appreoiate very Muoh your l ottor or tho lot ioviting me to bo tho guoot of tho Buoinooo Advisory Counoil at a dinner In Chic ago Dedember let .

I regret imeenool y that l abor troubl es in Kansas City make it im­possible for me to be away. The free rl&ht ot QtD and women to work ha~ beec eeverely attaQked; pesoeful workera hP.ve been beaten and driven from tho jobo, and property doot~pyod1 al l to tho ox­tent tho.t t hoao or ua who have boon trying to oo.rry on tho building 1nduetry t ·o help promote recovery have no a ssuranoe that we oan even remain in bue i noea •

.Ul or thi s is being dono with tho very bold otatmont that they hove tho Proaidont or tho Un ited Statoa o.nd Waohington behind them ond now ia tho time thot they propoao to aoo that organi&od labor comee i nto itt own. In ~ jud~ent, the present reoeaaion in buei­noos can be o.ttributod more to labo r uncertainty thon to any other ono faotor. to daily contact with men of affairs , I find all or thom jittery abo11t what may h&ppo~ tomorrow in their own plant a • I have aeen org.an1~at1onG her• where as much as 9~ of' t he qployeea wore ao.tiatiod and plouod with their work and yet they wore drive~ f rom their jobo. To my mind there is no other oa\loo to which your counoil could givo ito oonaidoration with bettor notional roaulta thou tho question o r mai~taini~g tho Amor ioan right or man a~d women to work, and the upholding of the l aw u to intimidation of worlcera .

JCN ET

,

THf SfCR!TA.RY Or' COM HEAC!.

WA.SHIHOTOH

!'.,ar.t ColOCII '-rviu ti • .lclntyr~,

S.creW.J"<i w t.l.e l"relidant

.1. bellevt tnt Prealaent wilL bt lnt.trtfted t- rHd now1 or on. n.ia trip, the at..tllcnld lett..er tro111 Cauda lluwen rit.u r eg<'\l"d W OOld1t1ona in Spain. To 1111 lt. .1o very int.er eaUns .

Abo find ot..t.ached the present. t:lt.at.ua ot our wnalt oil cont.tat. wnicu 1 bellevt •iU bt inWrt&t­i!C t.o t."'t lrtaiclent. J.ll ldnota ot in.tluencoa t.avt bHn orouc:bt. w b.-r upon • W • ea-•n in t.ht handli.n.J or t.:.h -twr, - nc tilt delleat.e av,11"~Cb of ltlt.una.UoCAl rel.&tiona . J. M.T KT , .na.ever, Ulal tAt ..&1n.lster or l•l'\%""MO' tupport.l U.l

1n 0\IJ" lo"--:llUon &ld aa;tll t.llllt. tnere will M no 1r.tract 1on or 1otemational r.laUOC\a •

.A.t.tae.:1oenta

Dear O.n:-

EMBASSY 01' T HE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

San Jean do Luz, l:oYember Ill , '31

I baYo a tow m1uutoa b.rore tho pouch gooa out to write you a belated letter. I wea ooormouely pleaaed,atranse ea it any sound,with tho result or the =uo1cip~l election in ~ew York, The candidacy or Copeland,backod by Smith,waa outrageous but also fortunate in that it gave the enemioa or tho AdmiDiotrotion their true status in l:ow York. The two no=ineos both WON z:ew Deal and Rooanelta triumph in tho primllrios wa s apootaoulnr. After that ono mlsht loan back and be oat1stiod oi ther way tho aloctlon wont. But when our people hit upon tho aoron idea or denouncing La Guardia aa a "Nd" Wishing to •turn tho oHy ovu to cotlllluniam" . ,my sympathy wont to him. I em aiok and tired or that rora or denunoiation. ~o aro 11Y1ng in on ae;a when ony docent l iberal i s a •ro• • end I am ready to oceapt that word oa o tributo , Juat oa Jotroraon wee ready to take on the word "demoorat" Which the Liberty Leesuers ot his dey thouS)It aa Y1o1oua ao •c=niot• . luld bealdeo, LaOuerdie ia on honest man.

Tho war goes on in Spein;the temocrscy ot Spain fighting alons tho battle tor Democracy throughout tho world ;opposed by tho !8o1st International, end hamstrung by tho Demoora o1oa or Europe unde r tho Tory leadership or tho British Go•ernmont. Tho~opean De:oorocioo are timldly rotreat1ng, hen4a up in tho taoist aeluto,with Choahor­la1n writing lo•• letters to ~~aol1n1,end ~~saol1n1 and hie proaa roop• D41ng with the aaauro.noo that ha ay oona14ar tho kioa but with tha un4arotan4ing ,pubUoly aYoaa4 , thot ha rothar flllda a domocratuc kill repula1Ye. H1atory will ult1.matol7 writo a ohometul story ,a atory or unpreoodantod heroi• on tho part or tho o ... oc~W~ or Spain ,along W1 th \Uith1nlcabll tr•ot-ry to demoorac y on tla part ot tho other Domooro o1eo or Burope. Thio helot International roaombloo a oombination or tho Gun ~ all and Oo.n&otera , ..,Y1DC to their lawlooa aoqu111t1ona b7 •thode or •1olonoo, treating all laao,all tr•t1N , all pooh a o 41rt undor thoir toot --an gett i ng away wi th it with oocaaion&L tributoo to their j

EMBASSY OF THE

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

"good faith" by a Chaoberl8 1n or an E4en.

Rating what is happening here,observing what has r ecently hap~ened

in Poland and Brazil,watching the quite open taoist movement tor

the crushing or the democracy or ~earkys and Benes in Czeeko-SloYakiu

,and mindfUl or the more then acquieaent mood ot the Tory Government

of England , it seems to me that Democrac y i s crumbling like a bouse or

cards before the blowing and bluffing or the bankrupt racist s tates.

I am very certain that History will record tha t tho cowardice or the

Democracies over here in tbe Spanish attai r has convinced the Fecist

leaders that they ~Y eately eontonune to t reat tbem W1tb contempt

,to steal with abandon,and murder women and children with 1mpun1tyt -­

even with the blessi ngs or the Church. I have no d~ubt tt= t the easy

collapse or the Democracies here i s responsible r or Japano present

defiant att itude .

I can under stand of courBe that 4 horror ot war has been responsible

in a measure tor the precip1tateo retrea t or flight of the Democra­

cies ,but unhappily the racists have no horror of oar. Wi th eeob

triumph they prooeed to others . On each prostrate torm they ri se to

great height s of insol ence . Soon the all iances ot tacist Power s

will be so power ful that it will sweep everything before i t in Europe.

Seldom hove I had occasion to agree with Nteholas ~urray Butler

but t'lheJl in his speech opening Columbia this yes r he saJ.d that the

denger to l i bery and decocracy comes from f&. i em and not colllmunism

he saXt told the truth .

Just whet are business condition. at home? rras that market slump

an or ganized plan or the plutocracy to intimidateXih Congress into

abandoning reto:ms ? You remember tba t the l:Stionel. Bank plutocrec y

resorted t o thi s very mst hod esainat Jackson.

~. ere busy enough here ,and a pleasant villa with a magnificent view

rrom huse studio w1 ndowe over many miles ot river~leke,measaw , woode,

end t he Fyrenneea ,and with a great wood tire makes the stay here

tolerable. In fact wo are all well .The atmosphere here ia poisonous

--just as in Southampton and Palm Beech ,but a aanaa or bumor end

,

EMBASSY OF THE UNITEO STATES OF AMERICA

a capacity tor a1lenee 5orYea me wall. ooeaa1onal lunohoona are about ell we hove . Rave g1voo a taw re•ntly. l:adeJcoeldlu Gru1 tob , .l.merican by b1rtb, w1door ot tho J'ugo-SlaY1on diplo­mat , bee boon bore and I ha•o bed her out twice because ahe wao very nice to ~Y daughter in London. Sbo ia going to .I.Jilorica to toll ua wbat 11 what about Spain. Sbe bad the cost grotoeque ideae ae to tacts . Ibus sbo eupposed that wben tbo o111terT robel~ion began tbe Cov•rnttent was oo~~un1atto --when there wae not evan ~ brom1d1o eooioliat in it . lhon Schoollkotp tried to sot ber right abo r esented tho oorrootion. She went into Flenoo territory to bob-nob with tho Franco otrioers ao abe could toll Americans juot what 11 what ;but when I aelced her 1r she wea then going into lo,al1at territory abe oee~ed amazed at the idea. She will talk t o parlor gatber1nga ot tho type that thiOX. the Roosevelt Ac1J111n1otret1on Oa:u:lunist1o ,and tho press will probably publish what she eays. You probably have ~t her . I ao positive tho President knows her . I am wondering it aho has not been omployed ror propaganda work in tho States .

But this letter has run on and r on.

!!on. Daniel C. Ropor uhington,o .c .

Regards and beat wishes ,

Sincerely, ~P·eed•~

D EPARTMENT OF C O MMERCE

OP'P'tCC Of' THC SOLICITOR

WASHINGTON

llovomber 2? , 1~3?.

Y~randum to t he Secre tAXY:

~b~ application of t he Weotern Oper a ting Corpor ation f or licenoeo for oi x additional f oreicn !lac killer boata ia atill und" r con a! deration by the Bureau of 11'1 &:•erles, t he lluret\u of !.!arino Inapection and l!avigation and thl.o office. The Bureau of l'iaherlea h&e received i n!Or:ll4tlon that the Corporation h&a •n&a&ed llorweginn ehipa to kill wbnlea of 30 ' l ength, when the l aw provide a a limitation of 31P . '!'hey a r e also loold.ne into tho dlacrepMCY in the amount of oil .uppoaedl:y shipped from t he ULYSSES on tbe foreign flag ship RACI!IE, t he r eport from t he ULYSSES indicating that approxlr.!Ately ?0 ,000 barreh of whale oil wao r educed on that ship, while the manifest of the ahip carryinc the oil frot:~ the ULYSSES to llorfolk shows ?5,000 odd barrela. 'l'he Bureau ia tryinc to aecertaill t he actual facta i n connection with both of the oe mattere.

The Bureau of Uarlne l napection and llavigetion 1e concerned over the vnrious structural changes of a maJor nature which were made in a foreign cOWttry otter t he ehlp was r<>glatorod and inspected i n thi a country; also whether her r eaiotry f or t he whale fiaherios has no t been viol ated by engaginc foreign tlag veaaela i n connection w1 th that operation. Further, if abe 1a not elll!aged in the .Atnerlcan whale 1'1ahorlu, whether ehe should not be cacopelled to meet t he requireooen t of all J.'llerlcan veaaela •nc&&ed in t r ade or co=erce.

The Co::lpany h&a secured a r eleaae of the oil aeised at Norfolk by poating a bond of $250, 000. A libel has been filed on behalf of the United States and the queetion of whether the ahipment of the oil from the ULYSSES t o Norfolk by a forsign flat~ YUiel was in violation of Section 2? of t he Mer chant Uar1ne Act ot 1920 will be determined by the U. S. Distric t Court at Norfolk.

~~~ Solicitor.

Memorandum

To: The Pr esi dent

THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE

WASHINGTON

December 8, 1957

From: Secretary Roper

Your telegram, reed at the meeting in Chicago of the Business Advisory Council, ~~s greatly appreciat ed. There was evident among the more than 100 v:ell kno1m business men at the dinner a keen desire for constructive cooper ation in solving our present economic diffi culties without criticism of br oad social objectives . I sense that the time has arri ved for a definite forward move!llent in cooper ation.

The Business Advisory Counci l has definite plans for br inging important business and industrial l eader s into line . I suggest that in t he near future you eive 'il . A. Harriman, Assistant Secr etary Draper and myself thirt,r w~nutes for a discussion of this phase of tlte situation dtll you.

-THE S!:CRETAAY Of' COMMERCE

WASHINGTON

December 28 , 19S7

For• Colonel llama H. llclnt;rre Secret&r:Y to tbe President

Fr..: Secret&ry Roper

I am tranlll01tt1n& berewi tb e letter to tbe

Preoident expreaoin& Ill¥ appreciation ot the volwoe

contal nl ng bis South "'eric an addreaaea, which I

will t.bank you to band to h1rc,

THI!: S I!:CRETARY OF' COMMI!:RCI!:

WASHINGTON

Dec~er 28, 1957

Door Mr . Proeident:

You &ado me vecy happy by aendin& to me at Christ.Aa 411 autographed vo1U&e of the addresses you dellvered ill South Aae.rice 1l:l liovellber and Decellber or 19:56 .

These h.iatoric uttereces prom1•tod the good neighbor pollcy necouacy to brina our country il:lto understanding with the South Amerie411 nat.ioM. t.!oreover, the pilysical arregeaent or the handsoae brochure is a tri1111ph or the graphic arts and enhances its value as an ornt.~~~ental lldcl1 tion to the libraries which are 80 fortunate D8 to hnvo received e cop,y .

To M the value or the book to posteri t,y 1a ill the inspiration 1aparted by the genuineness and depth of aent inent expressed. The addressee are consiatent w1 th your caroer during the lost .N.vo years in that they appenl to the beet hUJ114D illatincts . '!'bey will ill illY opinion con­tribute to the future allfety or civili..ation.

I shall treasure •oat highly ay copy or these history-1:14ld.ng addraaaea .

Very sincerely,

DANIEL C. ROPER, Socrotacy of Commerce.

Honorable l"rankl.ill D. Roosevelt, The President of the United States, The Tlh1 te House, Y.aabington, D. c.

THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINCJTON

D. •· o•o.

t

IIlli -· hea4e4 to - -l.lak .....

..,. .. ·····- in ........ ,

~ ~l-- .. •'••"•· r. D. L

I c 0 p y

TrlE SECRETARY OF COWYERCE WASHINGTON

February 11, 1938 .

I understand it is being reported in some quartera that t he management ot the Warm Springs equipment and endowment is paying too hi gh salaries and the expenses are excessive. I know nothing about this but it seems t o me t hat it might be a good idea to have t he management meet this with proper report.

D. 0 . R. '

r

8Ft rt0Wf,MGR.

N£W YOR K O F F I CE:

1/.y dear Marvin:

HOU:L PofriCfo• LEON, • · • oooWt . H••

liOTEl ORMOND, ""'" c-•• .... w• Th( 8AfMtAS ~ w ... ._,,. ._,...o,

CASA MAqtN A, tl0l1'11"' tiCOOI.if f , ..-0 Ill

~ritten at: St . rtuguat1 ae , Fla . March ll, 1ns

I am advised by Draper over the telephone this afternoon tbat the President ba< nominated him for membership on the Federal Res one llottl"d . I recOillllended hit to tbe President tor this some week& ugo , end I am &retitled that he has titta1ned tbe position. He l e exceptionally ~au fitted tor the wor k or tho Botird , and will tully justif y the Pree1dent ' a oonti dence .

Now r woulo like to fill his place os Aes istent ~ecrotary of Commerce as early as prac ticable . nS I r eview the l ist of peraons in ~ mind evei l eble , I think first ot Henry B. He~, Manager of the Aosoci~tion of Credit Men, and for the following reasons : --

(1) Not connected with any objectioneole bueiness end yet e very ~ide student of business operutions , Credit needs onO general problems.

(2) He has boon • momber of the Business Advieor y Council for four year s , and bee el•.,..ys been eymp .. thetic olith tho objectives of the Administr&Uon.

(3) He ie e li£e~long Democrat , serving tor some yeurs ae Cbuirman of the ~ichiean De~ooretic State Comcittee.

(4) The feet that he is u student Of business Crddit conditions , and also that be is 11 mid•,estern lliAn , should help ~ith bu.siness liDd poll ttoally .

\all you l<ind1y bring thi s metter to the attention of the Presi<.lont so ~hat I •~Y ha ve his r eac tion by next Thursday (l?th) whon ~• expec t to r eocb washington? I will not mention it to Eeimsnn until I bear tram you .

Mre . Roper and I are having" niCe rest ot this very ,uiet end r estful pl ece • .

'lith l<indest r eg..rda , I &m,

Colonel Morvin R. Mci ntyre White House ~ashington, D.C.

s incerely yours ,

7

THE SECRETARY OF" COMMERCE

WAS HI NGTON

Apr il 6 , 1938

!!.emora.ndUIIl

For:

Frolll:

Colonel ll=vi n H. Mci ntyre Secretary t o t ho President

Secretary of Commerce

Several days "80 the President asked me to make sol:lG inquiries 11.100"8 the South Carolina llongresscen as to their attitude on legislation e.nd the attached memorandum is a r esult, though I made the inquiries a lit tle more extensive than j ust South Cru-olinn. Congressoan r.Jnhon of South Carolina has been very useful to me in oald.ng this canvass .

I hope that you can put this in the hand.s of the President at the earliest possible mo~ent .

THI!: SI!:CRI!:TARYOf" COMMI!:RCI!:

WASHINGTON

AprU 6, l9SS

For: The President

F'rom: Secret ary of Comoorce

I find the folloflina to be the legislative alt~U~tion atlOn& our friends of the House of Representatives:

The legislative program should be reduced to the ainiawl, preferably the pnsSG&e of the Reorton!zation Bill ae now a..nded, end the Tax Bill.

There is much cone(rD ooer the results of the Conerossional !lectiolls this Fall end it le the decided opinion thet you should make a state~nt over the radio, or to the Conaress, indicatlna your approve.! of this reduced lecia4t ive pro;;ram. It is thought , however , thst you should go on record in t his talk ee favorine the T•eco end Hour l egisleti on as you have heret ofore indicat ed, but stati nG that you now feel that it would bo better to delay action on this Bill until next Session. Vlo ere under the necessity of promotina recovery f rom the social end economic omorgency that confronts us . We must set the man a job through improved industrial conditiolls before •ago and hour legislation will be of any benefit t o him.

I t is tho~bt th~t you should in this radio tall:, or state­oent to the Collrt'eee i.f you wiab to have it take thet form, cmphaahe that pending the revival of business you will make no further effort dti, regard to refora ~~eaeurea, but of course stating that thia doea not cean tl:at n are to return to old end discarded social colldiUona tro:a which we hllve amerced.

The feeling in Congreaa is that the present receaaion ia basically psychological, but that t o the average man 1t ia juat ae real as if it were otherwise. This ceana, therefore, that •bat 1a needed is to remove the fear and misconceptions by a vigorous at&tement from you alona t he l1nos >18 have 1m1eated, r~hich it is t bo1.1ght will gre6.tly encourage busineaa and industry to go ehcud and thereby CI'Ce<to recovery .

Not to do thia ia t o run the great dallier which ia now ~~nent as brought out in the increasing nuober of coamunicktiona received by Congressmen that the diaaatisfucti on &CODC tho bueineac and exee.rt.ive ~oups it pallinc do1111 into the .. usee. Thia CfoJ1 be o.rrested by the progru •bove referred to , and the next Co~u can bo saved.

TH~ S~CRf:TARY O f' COMMERC~

WASHINGTON

April 14, 19!18 Ill( il'l1lT[ IIOU

Ue!D9r&nd\!!!! p '~ I~ II z~ AH '38 RECEIVED

!"or: The President

Froc: Secretary of co~erc•

I believe that a favorable reaction would follow a statement Qy you tonight with r egard t o t he very comprehensive etrorto bciO& made t o help the small busines s men. The state­ment llligbt be scat hing like the following:

In our plans for buai1tesa recovery, 11a are not unaincl.rul of the econOIIic 1aportance of 8l08l.l. buaineaa in the Onitod States. Nearly two alll.ion buaineaa units ~~ve a net •orth of seventy- five thousand dollars aod leas. The activities of tbeae units constitute a mnj or share of our busineaa turnover, 8Jld they employ more than half of ell our worker s . The Nation 's strengt h ia built l e.reel.Y on the strength of the many thousand& of local communit ies s cattered t hroughout t ho land, and no building can be sound unless the br icks wbicb make up tho str ucture are sound.

Small businese baa alwa.y a operated on abort capital. The growth of our financial syat em baa paced amall business at a diaadvanta&e in the capital aarket . Aa an ea:orgenc-1 ..eaaure we beve undertaken to ~~eat this aituation temporarily by expandl ng the lencUn& power a of the R. l". C. and we are davotin( study to s comprehensive plan t o equali ze the ev&ilabilit y of cr edi t to business unite, however small.

f If it i a t oo late for you to get some such atatell8nt

i nto your talk tonight, I hope tbet you can find occ.uion i n an earlJ preu conference to voice the aubstance of the atate .... nt above referred t o. I beli..,e that it is iapor tant econoaical.l7' aod pol1 tioally.

l.!emorandum

For: The President

THE SECR!:TARY OF COMMERCE

WASHINGTON

June 16, 19118

Fr~: The Secretary of Co=erce

I believe you will be interested in examlning the attached material touching the natio!Wl income in 19~7, in co:::parison with preVious years . It will be noted that the national 1nco!l1e for 1957 r.as tJ1e largest since 1929, being 69.8 billion dollars, compared with 40 billion dollars at tae low depression point of 1952 , and within 11 bill ion dollars of tlle 1929 peak of 81 billion dollars .

It will be noted that the aggregate co:npensation of employees increased nearly 5 billion dollGrs, or 12 per cent in 1957 over l95G.

Attention is called to the comparisons by years of income produced by industrial divisions, shown on page 2 of the printed pamphlet attached.

Based upon information for the first three months of thls calendar year, it would appear that the income for 1958 is likely to be about equal to that of 1956, when the total was about 65. 5 billions, or about 6 billions loss than that of l9S7 .

Mrmorand'WI'l

~v.t/ \(l f' TH~ S!:CRETARY or COMM~RCE

WASHINGTON

September l , 19~

d'

P'roa: '!he Secretary ot Coeuree

.u.J. our IC&jor bueineu indicae show that bueineea coJ:ditions ere £l'8dual17 iaprovinl deap1 te a=e lecJ; ot unii'or:d t7 . 'lho lllllin cross- current i o tbe t4lk of end tear of war. This .Lo disturbing to business in caldng plane for the future and ie also pe)'CbolOiical.lT depreseing on business leaders. 117 otudy ot conditions to t.~• ext.nt that I had Bn opportunity to do eo on o brief trip abroad in July and August encoura&ed me to bali eva that a ceneral war in not likely, althotljlh ot courao we 11!\i&t kee;> close wotch on devel opments abroad . In tbia connection, I quote trooo a latter juat received froa llr. J . 11 . Shipa:an, vice president of the Aut=atic Electric Co., Chicoao, Ill . , who has J ust retu.rnecl froa Europe: •Oenerally apeaUna, I didn' t find the average aan aa perturbed over the Euro;ean situation u our newspepara on thio side WoUld aee:o to iaply •••• • It is ~ conviction that the longer the actual outbreak of aeneral warfare can be deferred the mora pl"OIIUaing the opportunity to reach cOGJpr<lllieea and acl,juatrents . I , therefore , feel that we are probabl,y ""villi away rro .. , rather than into, conflict. '!hue convinced , I an ~& advantage on all occasions to eay that the atti tude •hich the Preoldent and the Sec r otary of State are daily upreuing in the interest of aanit7 and cooperation in international dealinca baa contributed effectively to fon~etelling conflict W>CI stabilizing conditions . I believe th1a att itude wil l prompt nympathetic andeavoru on the pnrt of bualnoao leadou·ftbip Wid be instn~eental in cont.rollinoo the "Jittery• tsndl'DCY ·

The attached m~10orandW11, c11rrying excerpts Cr001 so=• of our comrunications, might be of interest to you. 'lheae data are beiDa used in answa- to 1nquiriea !!:2!! friends 2£ ~ Adllliniatration throut;hout the country who neb to be fortified 111 th fActs i .n re1'11titli uotair atetemcnte and charges.

"" are now prepe.rina Won:otion trooo a surve;r of current business conditions wtllch we will have ror transmis sion to you and other s by the al.ddle of next week.

Wemornndum to the President - ;.! - September 1, 19!8

Two important pr oposals in the interest of bueineea will be eut.itted for the consideration or the Buaineu Advisor/ Council et their October EeatiQg. One ooncerne the orga.,iza tion of a:oall rroupo or buoilleee men for ecollOilie ;~1u1one to .!:!!.! Latill .lcerican countriee in the naer future. As you know, a Bueinees Consreas , under the auspioea of the Pan ~erican Union, 1a being planned in coADactiD" with the Golden Gate Exposition in San Franeioco. Latin Aaeriean buainesa leaders will confer with the buaineos l eaderab.ip of this country w1 th the objective of pra~~oting 110re aqui table trade relatione. I am arudous that this Congreea be successful and tba t it be followed by r eciprocal lli aoions, particularly 1n vi~ of the fact that such pr<>cedare 1a beinc followed by Japan and Ge~. The fact that torei£0 trade 1a becoe1Q4 aore highly coapeti ti ve pl'OIIpto the necessity for ue to be eore &&~>"essively elort in obtalldnc oar rigjtteous share. Tbe other important subject tor the conaidention of t.ne Council will be the matter of better develo!ll!!ent of our domestic ~ thro\l&h removal of the artiticioJ. obetructiooe in the ebamlels of distribution. It is sipifieant that fornicn visitors to 11£1 ortiee CD!r.ent on the fact that they see: to have a better appreci ation of the trade opportuni t.iee in tbio country than we do . Tbua it ie that our fund!Wcntal problem ia broader and more econocdcal distribution of oar pt'OCiucts at h011e at l ees coat to the conSWIIer. 'l'bia not onl.y invol vcs the ru10vel or artiticial barrier• froa the channels of distribution, but requires better under­atandinc and adjustment of industrial r elations. I ao mora iltpriloaed with the necessity for icproving our dietribution technique by ranson of the r emarkable r eaction to the addreao on this subject , which I delivered Aucust 22, on the National Radio Foi'UII, copy of which ia atteched.

One of tho 110ot retarding innuenees on business a t this til:e 1e fear .2f .! continuity of trouble e .!!!1£!lB ~ loaders , creating uncertainty 118 to whet may be expected 1n tho future . Tbe proble:~ b not so IIUCh a question of hours and wqes ao ono of juriadictionel authority of union leaders .

I om examininc w1 th sraa.t cera and inter est the splendid report prepared by your Commission, headed by ~. w. Ellison Cbalmara on induatrilll. relatione in Great Britain.

lly f irs t reaction 1a tha t ecployer-e::ployeo problema can only be worked out aetiafactorily througjt sradual evolution. I believe we .. ay find British procedure worthy of eculetion, yet tr.Lal and error auat be raoocDized hare and constant endeavors ecployed to ancountge cooperative tbi.nld.l\6 and action on the part of oJ.l concerned.

-llemorundWI to the Preaidont - s - Septe~ber 1 , 1958

Great Britain hae advanced to its encouragin(! status in industrilll relations attar one hundred ;roars o1" study and negotin tions , which leads us to blllieve that we should not become dlsaourased in the pursuit of our objectives . This report should be extensively analyted and it will be otu· endeavor to assist ln the disseml.nation of ito intaresting disclosures . As pointed out in the report, the fnet should be impressed that "the ~ployars associations and unions have long since become an integral part of a collective bargaining syste> in which they respoot one another and mutually attributa reel value to tho ngreesents and to the rolations that havo bcoo built up between them. • American business now recogni~e• that properly conducted and responsibl e unions a!ford the necessary 11echanias through which negotiations should be conducted. Under this -procedure, e:npl oyers ahould not contand against their employees but defnnd them in their union r elationahip.

~-A ttechments

Excerpts W!!, letter !I! Secretary ~ tc Ronneentotivo JL-neo L. Farloy

•An 8.IIIll¥•1e of tho figures aDd the conditions aJ'fectin& th""' clearly refUtes ste.tuonta that have been ll&de tc the effect that tha trade agreeoents program is detrimental tc American agriculture . Tho a a toblea ahow the tctel value of agricultural iaporta in 1937 tc be ~,579,5241000 and exporta for the • ..,. period, $797, 500,000. 'lbe country baa alwaya iaported YUt quan-ti tie& of producte. classified aa •agricultural,• for the reason that certain iaporte.nt collWodi t.1ea are ei thor not produced at all in this countr.r or are produced in insufficient quanti ties for our domestic needs. Under noraal conditions we alae export considerable quanti tie a of agrieul tuz.l producta of a typ., for which our resourcu are beat adapted. '!'bat iaporta &bould exceed .xports ie of no significant conaequance. What is important tc the American farmers is tho exiatence of profi tabla market ouUete at hol!la and abroad for their producte .

• * * * * * * * * "It is intcreoti.zli to observe whet the agricultural il:lporte in 19S7 were that are supposed tc haYe been ha.noful:tc our far:ers.

As a matter of fact, nearly ball of these icporte consisted of agricultural produote of a kind not produced in the United States. The r ome.l.nder were C01Cpet1tive only in a lim.ted degree. Yet, in thet sau:e year we exported ~:~ore than $790 million ~rorth or farm producte, in spite of adverse effect& of the 19U cirougbt upon ship­JOenta during all but the latter o:ontha of 1957 . 'l'beso exports were t.binge actually produced by American far10era and not rubber, coffee 1 tea, et cetera. Thus, when comparisons are made , care should be token to consider all the factors in fe.l.rneaa to the tarl!ler.

•Und.er the trade ajjl'ee::enta progr&JI, the exceaaoa of tho Bnwley~oot Act which so aftectivel,r throttled our import , and hence also our export, trade are gradually bein& rec tified and at the ellme tice we ere ge.l.ning valuable trade concessione abroad for both our fara and factory product&. It seems tc o:e tha t these are the thi.ne• that reelly ea ttar for our producers and for our people aenerally IWd not whether our total exports of canutactured product& beppen to be larger then our total imports of manufactured products. The ologan, •The Americen i!arlcet for the American F&r~~er, • is therefore both meen1 na]eaa and c!&~~&arous !'roe the ataodpoint of the real int erest of the fanaera of t.hia country. The raaaon of this is that the dootea t.io ,.ar;cet is 1 in aey evant, not large enough tc absorb all of our agri­cultural production, no matter what we do about i11porta .

* * * * * * *

-- 2-

•In m:t opinion, the trade egrec:enta profl'ft:l otrera the only practieahle •• .,. or lessening or reooovin,. the d1acrillinat1on qei.nat flli'I:Iera, l'eeul tJ.ng ~ exeeos1 ve teriffo, while at the oon:e t11:1e expanding foreign and domestic demand for our farm products. AlthoUGh e.gric:ulturo ba s already booefitted subatantiall)r frooa these &&ree:<enta the aignifieanee of export figuroa, until quite reeanUy, baa been oboeured by the erteet ot droughts which ollminoted expo1·table aurplueee and., in some eeaea, such aa corn and llbeet, created aborteges in the acount availehle for doze a tie eoeiUI!ption. However, detailed anal;yaia of our 1'ore1cn trade tigurGB ahowa that eubstantial increases ln oxporta of aaany egricultural products have been teld.ng place and that 1D particularly trua of the tirat halt of thla year. As additional qreo­ecnta are concll:ded , notably that with the United IU.nj;dom, the beneficial effects of the prosrD.m will be prosreasivoly eohllltced.•

N~tional Income Produced:

(Billions of Dollars)

1929 $81.1 19~0 68 . 3 19~1 55. 8 191!2 40.0 1955 42.3 1954 50. 1 1955 55. 2 1956 63 . 5 19!S7 69 . 8 :j.9!S8 60.0 (Estimated

Privata Employees : (Exclusive of Employer Per sonnel)

1929 51, 800 , 000 1932 22, 800, 000 1955 22 , 700, 000 1957 28 , 800, 000 1958 Estimated at appr oximately same as 1957

Stock Val\lea :

(r.larkst value of all s tocks listed on N. Y. Stock Exchange at end of year)

*1929 1930 1951 1955 1957 1958

tS4, 70B, OOO , OOO 49, 020, 000, 000 26, 694,000 ,000 35, 095, 000, 000 58 , 869, 000 ,000 44, 784, 000, 000 (End of July)

*End of August, $89, 000 , 000, 000

Foreign Trade of tho tlnitod States

Year Exports Oenera1 Imeorta

1928 $5, 128, 556,000 $4, 091, 444, 000

1929 5, 240, 995,000 4, 399, 581, 000

1950 5,845, 181,000 5,060,908, 000

1951 2,424, 289 ,000 210901655,0<JO

1952 1, 611 ,016,000 1,522,774,000

1935 1 ,674,994,000 1,449 , 559,000

1954 2, 1!52,800, 000 1, s ss,oss,ooo

1955 2, 282, 874, 000 2,047 , 4115 ,000

1956 2, 455, 978 ,000 2, 422, 592, 000

1957 3, M5, 550,000 5,065, 6G8, 000

1958 1,818, 5G8,000 (7 mos) 1,101, 346, 000

11Distribution-Key Log of the Economic Jam"

* Speech of

Daniel C. Roper The Secretary of Commerce

* Am.,.g~J by

THE WASHINGTON STAR

Daniel C. Roper

* Br04dCIIJI Ovn • Nlltion.WiJ~ N~tworlt of

THE NATIONAL BROADCASTING COMPANY

Monday Night, AuguJI 22, 1938

Complimtr~ls of

ID~t £nrnlng &tar m~r &unlluy &tur WASHINGTON, D. C.

I tN.nll 1'bl W~ liN INICI Ule I'IIUOIW ~ 00.. lor \1M ,.,.u..,. Of ... aJn jlai'Ut!IJI&UAI Ill l.hdr o;n.~.n~«~n ~Uonal 11'9-rr-. t - llftld'lll 10 ..... 11141• .... ~ lor puc. _,..... Mel l •p­~:. \lw ~-·17 .aorn.. -~l ~ tpiiU: - .... ot 1'11al ~ loO c1'ft7 ~·~1,, o.. 411Lrlbo1Uon 111r u.e ~- or We to Ule ..wa.. oc •• Wid - t!Md!IIC ~ 11 _, ,..,_. dnto&l uw. in l.tll& cnal OMJnUT. Y1lb ~ ........_ <Ill cll.'l'illiUMC """ -tott, tile! Mllnall -.! eegld be 110 ~ • problla Yft, Ule roll• CWioo or .... , oc our~ '*"*' ..-u. w 0111"' or w .,.. dlliU ma.ril~, • bo <riM. ~w.w, -~r C""7•biR 11114 11M • 4rclp \0 ....... 4lll~ll!t!oo-:*(;. ~ r=;:: .. uw. .. lht ·~Cil o.l \lie pt(I4'X .. 01 ladi!UI'J ~~~~ •utt•~ ~ ... or •-• ..-or~~ \hot .,_len a-bitt ot ~ TIM ~ 0C !.be. UIIAltloft UIUI lall(l1- a ¥o.tl flllmiM-r or 411'k* &111111 ~ 1'011~ UOIIoJ ..oaled •10) &bl hullllinllll4 -tlwld.llllle ol a rl~ fiOMinocll~ hOm dM ~ U ~•16 .. • nw -wn.~ W UM point. •blrt b *-"• \bt .ad ol Uw pi'OISUCUOO tln. ~d ._ 10 lho ~!\Jma~ Q;lltel.llll•,

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for labor or any Other unit u 1Ddwtry coannot. tuncUon dfecttvt1J undu uxh condition&. u we are 10 ldl the maxi· mum fOlume Of IO(Idl that tan be pro. duced.. we must baW: CCWTtCLIJ bal· anced price~ aDd ....,_ that mUt JIIOIU!ble the fuUen tm.PI01ment •nd lhe latPit YO!Umo o! po.y f1>11a.

The kind of eoml)t'UUon that m\lolt. be ellmtnatfd !rom our economtc Ute 11 not. that wbieb Jet!Umately IUP. port.e: our proftt l)'lt.t.m and meete ttl toela1 rtsJ)ODilbiiiUta. but the de:atruc· U '>'e t.,ype, and monopoUac.lc conWII whJch bl.rm both bu&lnea,a and the pubHc. &Kperte·nee or lradert In busl· nea ha.s made th.em tamutar with those praetlCC!S which ar e det.rtmont.al and whltb adVerttl)' aJfect the con· JUm er and Impede PJ'OITt':tl. Jnronned .. t.hey ue, \hey ahould lniUat.e the neoess.ll' eha.na"es Lh.rouah t.htlr own etroru. wtt.b Lbe tnow1ectte that Lhe 0o\'ff111Dtnt Ia rH.dy to help U and wbe:n "' a.ssllt&.D.ee II n~td.

lt .. admlt...t lll.tt many ot lbt llwatlool t.lfoet~J>C lbo prop« _,... Uon or our araum ot d.iltrtbuUon are tl'actabSe 10 mOIDOOOlt.Uc prac~. A fact-ftncUna ttn-aUption now undt:r ,.....,. wtll, we ~. point m. way 10 tJf ecllve remecllta In the In ten.\ of all our dttuca. With the econom1 of the NaUon complkat.ed by the rrowr.b of are" corporaUont lnLO van economic stau.. the po .. er of the Cona"*" c.o aecuft competitive ttll· lna t.nd prevem. un~uonable pronw La Lhe publiC'3 ll.ftatJard aaa.tn . .-t. l b U5eJ,

Under th e eX16Una tawa o f the United SLates, tt 11 vSrtullly tmPI)I• 1Jble tor private monopollea to tco:uHy preva.tl. Yet coodJtlona ha\'t •riMn tbat clallenge the abtJJl:y of OM Oov· uru:ne:nt LO reauta.te monopol.7 e,trec~

U\·eJy. Olhenri'Ue. monopaty, wtth U• vut lntqrat.ed po••tt mleht teet to rt$ulate the Ckwemmtnt &.nd ddMt &be fundamental alma ot democraq 'lbua. tn prelleiTtna OUI' compec.tth·e ecoootnJ'" a.nd prh'c.e ~ rilht6 apln&t monopoUstle tnc:roacbme.nta. d...,ocraey ltalf If boln& pn><ecl«t.

Alib Co-operaUYe &ndftftr ,

The •pproub co tolutlon mUll. bt tupported by a baetar'OUnct or eorreet unlfent&ndln.& and with a broad Ptf• a:prcUve of the lntuwoven probklnu. A purel.)' nqaUve prorram for curine evn.s wtu not. • umce. but the toluUon mu.tt. C!ome from potlt.lve a nd eonnruc· tlV4!.ly co.operath'e endei'>'OI"', implc· mented. by m&c.hln ery wllhh\ the ex· t•unr rramework. COncerted acLion ahould be bUed on the recornttlon of the facl. Lbat. the objeellvee are mutual and hence thtlr acoompUahmen\. .. ould rq:ult ln mu t\1&1 IOOCI. &lillinr u.n· equal term& tn t.he eoooom.J.c 171km mwt be broucht ln\0 equtt&bJ.t balance t.hf'OUih the en!or«mt:nt bf lnctUIU'J

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PubUc opt.nkJn tn ~r1ea can be counted on to oondtro:n e.ny m.lnorlt.7, whether 1n lhe bOUitbold of ca,pl\al, or labor or any otber unit. 1.bat would attempt lh.roulb u.nt..U praclket to ltc:Ure unjUJt aatn.a. TbUI 111 plans, purpose~ and pollciN mw.t. be thor· ou,hl:r 1.n tune wuh tlM f'Plr1t or the limN. The:e are aU the tmplementt wiLhlfl our caplt&ll.lt.lc qatem t.o produee what toelety ll dtmandlnl-tecurlty a:od adequ&CJ or We &O aiJ who are wl11Jna t.o do their •hare. Democnoy wtU nol taU w If we wtaly lmple· ment tt and uuelae In opentlnl n. lhe faith and a.c.Uon of our flltM.ra wbo Rkcl«i thla form or rovtrnmem. and proVIded checlu t.nd balaneta ~Pinlt lnj\I&Ucoa.

..

THE W HITE HOUSE

WASHINGTON

September 28, 1938

Secretary Roper phoned:

"I t hink tha t sta t ement last night was one or the ~ost s t a tesmenlike papers I have ever read, and I am not surpri sed at all tha t it i e having euch favorabl e effect.

"1 had a call thill morning t'rom en i nternational news man, who tells me that he has had it t'rom a very r eliable source that t he Italians are giving trouble t o Mussolini - - t bsy don 't wtmt to go i nto this wer , end tberetore Mueeoli ni i s going to r eel responsible to his position as Chairman ot t ba t meeting tomorrow .•

K.

T~! S!CRCTAAY Or COMM I .. CC

WASHINGTON

October )1 , 19J8

FOP: Col<m.t !l:&n'!D 8. Ke!CtJl"t; s.c,...t•:"J t u .• P'rutd~t.

I bop• J'?U au h w1U1ng t.o brine to the at.\antioa ot tbe ~e1dtnt t.ht fOllowing exo~rpt rroa a lat.,er ju.t rtcal•~ t'ToBI. Rtnreod 'lfyo,c C, Pl'llrf1eld, Di rector, i,;bt.IJ'cl. l'~h.flte tor Cbtc• Pellet . ~· aot.1Ylty ia loeat.~d at. 10' _.,, 2lci St.ree1 . N~w York Clt.J'. Tbt •~oarrt ia:

•'.:lbdo bUd11 Ula J~alclont. tau -.J.J"'.aoi pnpe.reJ Ua 'l'ta~h-..c .... ., •• aJ.uo~ I ban~\ ~ U ~lau.N. lr 'bJ' ~ Cllt.aet '-•• aQggeat~a::z t.. till M.:J Ydot, IIOU.:.:S 1t. M •PJ roprlne la ...._ 'n:~lYlQC tn ~a,~• tor \.be Pn•1· d•t u rer.r 1D cec.•ral t.t.r-• to \be w:atortaa\e • 1 or oUa: la.Mt do e:oe 1n .lire 4tatrNa at ow Tbuo.U.:l•lE:.i aee110a ~4 u ._. •• , \bat \.key 1a partteul"r be re.•kre4 •• c:llwobee -..4 f'•lllea enter tor l.helr "J'' aukec_htact•

'l'bh wrHer he expl'etled \be hope lo hit huer that. lht Prtt14en\ could ••nd a ptr.anal &eaaage to be r.ed At a apeot al nl;.bt oella4 •Oblnl\ Nlgbt" at t be lietropOll\tiD l:oul, ~ ... Yor.c C1tt. but I .. erplaintna to t he olo~.n wby t.~t P~atden\ abould Loi. b.- aaked to do thla. It Ge:eur• to ae , bow•nro, 'll•t tbe •lQ•.,_ :toe •bout ,,e, Tb.ealu"chttl6 •••MC• M:~ul4 be u ap51roprhtt ~lac tor tt:t• Pr .. l4U\ \.0 4o.

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( TH~ I!I!:CRfTARY or CO,..Mt:AtC

WASHINGTON

i.ar~ "' loc.e.L n1E~o , . :.Cint,,.. !ec~• &rJ ~o ~ Pre~ot fte ... to.~-

l,ben t luti. \ohlkod •it.l.! tAe Pr,lldtut. l roftrnd t.o t be •abaoluto rec.c. .. 1t;~• 01 reh.~o~tlt.l.l.t.l." lll tJ tt Cu1~--rua t.~.e te.~~M.~Cl"6.t.lc C..uCJa, ao U .\. wr.oro~ r.u. PretlCt .L aJXS t.l':e lt~tn deetc!o tr.:-.oa hc!at Uva ,ro.,rac U..t • oa-..oioit .t.U afAOrh lt aid bind. t.. a t.em4.:U vr t.:.o C&tOC.:.a to U.. u ort. (;~ \.i__tt ~aa. TOil t.ilOUl4 UJU. t..u ,ot:&1b-Jl.lt.1 o•., r 1M Qf :.:aoc-at.a c:.,t.r .lq; t. e.::.elns c.nt! t e pl.At.u or t» Pr.a-de:t.-

.t toU 'Chi r.-.aL~«~.t a.t. ~- 1t.. L ~ • • Uat ~ WT..!i! l"t. to ~ •H.'l t.-. v_ee. Pr"a• • .. ..'"11\ t. , a.n:1 rx,.:eaud u .. lao:'• to tu.li t!-.L.t. U 1.oA.( to. " .. ll1Qt tOJ co31 to 1 w-a $ ri"-'a and. c.;..:t:n d t \.b<. Pr all..e •\. lJ: W2d • ,., coa­v~!lcr.t.. I 'f..ioJ\.e aa t~llwa !'roll 0 rn r 1 t 111,1 t- to '-'8 l

•t L.avo .o luV11.4t.ion rr~ u .• Pr-.tt<.wut. 1.0 Ylll\. l.ara ~rrt.,• Wld t ho,• be don't tc..kcl v.•' 1o\U' 1~o1t.l.,,, IL c..!l ro.t OVCtr there, &lnee I ••.u\. \.0 \4J> 1.10011n tw:re ln t. l.e •ooda \l.nt.U liter Cl.r!..lt..Ma. l .._. d U!nc to -...l..o eJl¥ -.crlf14:&. , h«ner, tor u.. beowflt. or t. • co~.&zotr., ta...,.d&l.J..> fill' t.ile V.,.QoiU' .. Uc: ru\,Y, \torol.l(b • lob I t.U•vt U.t CVI.m\l":- CNl b .. t. be krvtte!' , • • •

• J.a O'.l i'"'"', l •Ul ..:apt. IQ'Mlf t.o 'lh.il. t.-.!;.Q,. to ~ to U. but. lc:.tc.r .. ;. or U. Put.)' a..,a ..U OY.::.­er~. •

~ llr. L.tta1

Can you 'he .. tho yo..- on

t hia f

P.r. Larraboo

'

. ~ •

- ~ '2- I -")~ ... -lly dear Dan:

I have your letter asking to be relieved of your

duties as Secretary of Co~nerce effective December 23rd.

Knowil'\6 the i "'pelling personal rea sons the t prompt

you, I accept your resignation with very sincere regret.

I em, of course , pleased to have your assurances

that your retirement to private life will in no degree affect

your interest i n the great objectives we have all striven

for together, al though, knowing you, I knew that without

you telling me.

I should like an opportunity ~;o talk with you

before you leave on your southern trip with reference to your

first assig~ent for cooverativn as a private citizen.

We uo th rellize that your retirement means no

~ ~It, H )u ,J,t, :.n lj ~~the personal 1 I ·r associations between us that

have lasted for a quarter of a century.

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