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Reducing Power Consumption in Body-centric Zigbee Communication Links by means of Wearable Textile Antennas. P. Vanveerdeghem, B. Jooris, P. Becue, P. Van Torre, H. Rogier, I. Moerman, J. Knockaert Dept. of Information Technology Ghent University. Outline. Introduction Measurement setup - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Reducing Power Consumption in Body-centric Zigbee Communication Links by means of Wearable Textile AntennasP. Vanveerdeghem, B. Jooris, P. Becue, P. Van Torre, H. Rogier, I. Moerman, J. Knockaert
Dept. of Information Technology
Ghent University
2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Outline
Introduction Measurement setup
Textile patch antenna w-iLab.t testbed Experiment description
Measurement results General conclusions
2
2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Introduction
Wireless body-centric sensor networks Smart fabric-integrated textile (SFIT) systems
FP6 Proetex Integrated Project Professional applications vs. consumer applications
Patient health monitoring Rescue worker monitoring People localisation Sports, gaming, etc. Personal communication
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2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Introduction
Reducing power consumption Why?
Reducing costs Smaller Light-weight (smaller batteries)
How? Large area fire fighter garment
to deply more efficient antennas– High gain– Large radiation efficiency– Textile patch antenna
» Flexible, low weight, cheap, invisble and unobtrusive integration, etc
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2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Introduction
Aim Current literature about physical layer
Uncoded data transmission– Basic modulation schemes– Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)– Bit error rate (BER)
Large complicated testbed / measurement devices Novelty:
Combined characterization:physical layer + network layer
– IEEE 8002.15.4– Low-cost transceiver
» RM090
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2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Outline
Introduction Measurement setup
Textile patch antenna w-iLab.t testbed Experiment description
Measurement results General conclusions
6
2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Measurement setup
Textile patch antenna Circularly polarized textile patch antenna
Single port Aramid substrate E-textiles
– Antenna patch– Ground plane
FP6 Proetex integrated project– Integration into firefighter suit
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Antenna dimensions [mm]
L 43 l 8 xfeed 7 Substrate Height h 1.73
W 47 w 7 yfeed 6
2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Measurement setup
Textile patch antenna Dual polarized textile patch antenna
Two ports Two orthogonal polarizations Flexible protective foam E-textiles
– Conducting textilesas antenna patch and ground plane
– Fire-retardant protectivefoam as antenna substrate
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Port 1 Port 2
2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Measurement setup
Textile patch antenna Dual polarized textile patch antenna
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Antenna specifications (see figure)
Antenna dimensions [mm]
L 45.32W 44.46Ls 14.88Ws 1Fx 5.7Fy 11.4
Substrate Height h 3.94
Substrate parameters Permittivity εr 1.53
tan δ 0.0012
2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Measurement setup
W-iLab.t testbed setup Integration into firefighter suit
PCB antenna vs. textile antenna RM090
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2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Measurement setup
W-iLab.t testbed setup indoor office environment (18x90m) 200 nodes / 3 floors Fire fighter
Normal walking speed – fixed path 2 mobile nodes
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2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Measurement setup
Experiment description Antenna
PCB antenna– Integrated on mobile node
Textile antenna– Connected via cable to mobile node– Dual polarized antenna– Circularly polarized antenna
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2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Measurement setup
Experiment description Firefighter walking along green path Time slot 1: TX broadcast (200ms)
All fixed nodes Mobile nodes
Time slot 2-3: mobile node 1-2 RSSI and node ID Broadcast to all fixed nodes
RSSI values are recorded Fixed and mobile nodes
Equal transmit power mobile nodes
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2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Outline
Introduction Measurement setup
Textile patch antenna w-iLab.t testbed Experiment description
Measurement results General conclusions
14
2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Measurement results
Measurement 1 Circularly polarized patch antenna Packet loss Patch vs PCB antenna (33/18)
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Node: 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Patch 20.27% 20.27% 16.28% 29.24% 16.94% 17.28% 23.92% 26.58% 18.60% 17.61% 23.59% 17.94%
PCB 25.91% 24.92% 24.92% 34.88% 21.59% 25.25% 29.90% 36.54% 23.26% 24.58% 29.24% 21.59%
TX 0.66% 20.60% 0.33% 13.95% 1.33% 1.33% 15.95% 3.65% 1.99% 0.33% 0.33%
15 16 17 19 20 21 22 23 25 26 27 28 29
17.94% 17.61% 17.28% 21.93% 15.61% 15.61% 18.60% 15.28% 19.27% 20.60% 16.61% 21.93% 22.59%
21.59% 26.58% 22.59% 28.24% 21.93% 21.26% 19.60% 20.60% 21.26% 20.60% 22.26% 22.92% 24.92%
0.33% 0.33% 1.33% 0.33% 0.33% 10.30% 0.66% 1.33% 1.66% 12.29% 0.33% 2.66% 9.97%
30 31 33 34 35 36 37 39 40 41 43 44 45
25.58% 23.26% 58.47% 40.86% 49.17% 51.50% 35.22% 58.14% 45.18% 37.87% 57.81% 50.17% 35.22%
24.92% 24.58% 48.17% 38.87% 40.20% 42.19% 31.56% 46.51% 39.53% 37.87% 45.85% 42.52% 34.55%
13.29% 10.63% 98.67% 25.25% 54.15% 99.67% 22.59% 28.24% 54.82% 46.84% 87.04% 95.68% 57.48%
46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 199 200
28.57% 62.13% 35.55% 34.22% 47.84% 27.91% 32.89% 26.25% 23.26% 59.14% 59.47% 32.89% 46.84%
27.24% 46.84% 36.88% 37.21% 36.88% 30.56% 35.22% 27.24% 37.87% 46.84% 46.18% 30.90% 37.21%
23.92% 100.0% 63.12% 51.50% 25.58% 7.97% 19.27% 30.56% 29.24% 55.48% 100.0% 17.28% 62.79%
2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Measurement results
Measurement 1 RSSI on fixed nodes
Patch higher received power Patch less packet loss
16
2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Measurement results
Measurement 1 Circularly polarized patch antenna
TX node mobile nodes RSSI on mobile nodes Patch antenna
Received power ↑↑ Received packets ↑↑
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2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Measurement results
Measurement 1 2 Simular results circularly and dual polarized textile
antenna Indication potential benefits of textile antennas
Unfair comparison between both types of antennas (PCB and patch)
RF losses due to RF interconnect and cables New separate PCB antenna
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2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Measurement results
Measurement 2 Circularly polarized patch antenna Packet loss Patch vs PCB antenna (45/6)
19
Node: 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Patch 40.20% 17.94% 28.57% 23.92% 32.56% 13.29% 19.27% 37.87% 60.47% 12.62% 53.49% 17.94%
PCB 47.51% 47.84% 43.19% 48.84% 47.84% 48.84% 44.85% 56.15% 45.18% 43.85% 46.18% 44.85%
TX 19.60% 0.33% 0.33% 0.66% 0.33% 3.99% 0.66% 2.33% 0.33% 12.62% 3.65%
15 16 17 19 20 21 22 23 25 26 27 28 29
28.90% 14.29% 13.95% 24.25% 14.29% 53.82% 49.83% 13.62% 15.95% 19.27% 13.95% 17.94% 16.94%
44.52% 44.52% 44.85% 51.16% 42.86% 42.86% 47.18% 42.19% 43.19% 47.18% 42.52% 44.52% 44.19%
1.00% 0.66% 1.33% 29.90% 0.33% 0.33% 3.32% 6.98% 0.33% 11.96% 2.99% 12.29% 1.00%
30 31 33 34 35 36 37 39 40 41 43 44 45
25.58% 22.26% 56.15% 23.92% 43.52% 57.14% 23.26% 58.47% 47.51% 37.21% 46.51% 44.19% 32.89%
48.17% 45.51% 78.07% 47.51% 58.14% 71.76% 48.50% 52.49% 71.76% 57.14% 56.81% 62.46% 58.14%
11.96% 11.30% 80.07% 13.62% 41.53% 46.18% 9.97% 46.51% 63.12% 49.50% 26.25% 46.51% 70.76%
46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 199 200
19.27% 57.48% 27.24% 27.24% 61.46% 16.94% 21.59% 21.26% 18.27% 57.48% 59.80% 30.56% 40.53%
45.51% 60.47% 51.50% 54.15% 57.14% 45.85% 56.15% 48.84% 46.51% 75.75% 69.10% 54.49% 58.47%
1.66% 95.68% 64.45% 14.62% 11.63% 2.33% 22.92% 16.61% 7.31% 100% 88,04% 12.96% 16.94%
2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Measurement results
Measurement 2 RSSI on fixed nodes
Patch larger received power Patch less packet loss
20
2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Measurement results
Measurement 2 Circularly polarized patch antenna
TX node mobile nodes RSSI on mobile nodes Patch antenna
Received power ↑↑ Received packets ↑↑
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2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Measurement results
Measurement results - overview
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Circ. Pol. Patch antenna Dual Pol. Patch antenna
Avg. loss Patch Avg. loss PCB Avg. loss Patch Avg. loss PCB
Meas. 130.8% 31.2% 27.4% 31.4%
26.2% 28.4% 27.2% 31.4%
Meas. 231.0% 52.0% 24.5% 31.8%
29.1% 33.6% 34.9% 51.0%
# nodes with less packet loss than PCB antenna
Circ. Pol. Patch antenna Dual Pol. Patch antenna
Meas. 131 (60%) 27 (53%)
36 (71%) 40 (78%)
Meas. 245 (88%) 48 (94%)
41 (80%) 44 (86%)
2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Outline
Introduction Measurement setup
Textile patch antenna w-iLab.t testbed Experiment description
Measurement results General conclusions
23
2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Conclusion
Using flexible textile patch antennas Comfortable to the wearer Wireless link quality
Improvement both in transmit and receive mode Reducing transmit power
Guaranteeing same amount of packet loss Reducing power consumption Reducing costs (less battery, etc)
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2nd International Workshop on Measurement-based Experimental Research, Methodology and Tools
Conclusion
Future research Avoiding RF losses
Integration transceiver on patch antenna Combining sereveral patch antennas
Power combiner Front and back antenna
Polarization One or more dual polarized antennas Transmitting on both orthogonal polarizations
Questions?
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