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P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change in Bremen Peter Schmidt (Bremen University of Applied Sciences)

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

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Page 1: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1

Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure

Firm Foundations and Structural Change in Bremen

Peter Schmidt(Bremen University of Applied Sciences)

Page 2: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 2

Strukturatlas BremenKooperationspartner: GIS.direkt Gesellschaft für

Geoinformationssyteme Institut Region & Handel

der Hochschule Bremen Statistisches Landesamt BremenWeitere nichtkommerzielle Datenquellen: Kataster- und Vermessungsamt Bremen Stadtplanungsamt Bremen Bremer Gewerbeflächengesellschaft

BurglesumBlockland

GröpelingenHäfen (o.Bhv.)

Seehausen

Strom

Huchting

Walle

Findorff

Schwachhausen

Horn-Lehe

Borgfeld

Oberneuland

Osterholz

Hemelingen

VahrÖstl. Vorstadt

Neustadt

Obervieland

Woltmershausen

Blumenthal

Vegesack

VahrMitte

Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Geoinformationssysteme

Page 3: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 3

Socio-Economic Atlas Bremen

Objective: Spatial data (small-scale measurements) Socio-economic relations

Spatial Analyses: Location and Value Micro-Marketing Firm foundation

Page 4: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 4

Burglesum

Blockland

GröpelingenHäfen (o.Bhv.)

Seehausen

Strom

Huchting

Walle

Findorff

Schwachhausen

Horn-Lehe

Borgfeld

Oberneuland

Osterholz

Hemelingen

VahrÖstl. Vorstadt

Neustadt

Obervieland

Woltmershausen

Blumenthal

Vegesack

VahrMitte

Typologien Bremer Ortsteile

statistisches LandesamtCity/CityrandÄltere ArbeiterviertelÄltere MischgebieteTrad. bürg. Wohn-/VillenviertNeuere MischgebieteGroßsiedlungenHafengebiete, sonstige GebietLändlich geprägte Gebiete

N

Page 5: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 5

Bevölkerungsdichte31.12.1999

Mitte

Häfen (o.Bhv.)

Neustadt

Obervieland

Huchting

Woltmershausen

Seehausen

Strom

Östl. Vorstadt

Schwachhausen

Vahr

Horn-Lehe

Borgfeld

Oberneuland

Osterholz

Hemelingen

Blockland

Findorff

WalleGröpelingen

Burglesum

VegesackBlumenthal

BremenAdministrative Einheiten

Stadtteile

Beispiel Strukturatlas

Page 6: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 6

Information system for industrial areas

Page 7: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 7

Firm Foundations in Bremen

Cooperation partner: Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung (ZEW), Mannheim

Data source: Creditreform

Page 8: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 8

Firm Foundations

Importance and types of foundations Firm foundations in the Bremen districts –

absolute numbers Foundation intensity Sektoral structure Determinants of regional firm foundation:

Multivariate (regression-) analysis Results and discussion

Page 9: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 9

Importance of Firm Foundations

Employment

Structural Change

Innovation and technological change

Competition (incentives for old firms)

Page 10: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 10

Firm foundations in the Bremen districts – absolute numbers

Bezirk 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Gesamt

Mitte 183 200 192 184 213 209 226 208 202 208 2025

Nord 107 97 96 144 124 148 145 133 157 160 1311

Ost 311 294 327 375 397 367 347 427 402 371 3618

Süd 158 144 141 200 217 210 211 211 237 207 1936

West 87 101 94 129 122 134 136 145 157 131 1236

Bremen gesamt

846 836 850 1032 1073 1068 1065 1124 1155 1077 10126

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Mitte NordOst SüdWest Bremen gesamt

Page 11: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 11

Firm foundations in Bremen– regional distribution

1 dot = 6 firms

Page 12: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 12

Abb. 6-11: Absolute Anzahl der Gründungen in den Stadtteilen im Zeitraum 1990- 1999

Sta

dtt

eil

MitteHäfen

NeustadtObervieland

HuchtingWoltmershausen

SeehausenStrom

Östliche VorstadtSchwachhausen

VahrHorn-Lehe

BorgfeldOberneuland

OsterholzHemelingen

BlocklandFindorff

WalleGröpelingen

BurglesumVegesackBlumenthal

Gründungen

2000150010005000

364540

407393

494344

861374

247

481179

755634

219336365

963266

1759

Page 13: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 13

Centre level and Industries

Ober-Zentrum

13%

Mittel-Zentrum

2%Neben-

Zentrum33%

sonst. Ortsteil

52%

0,0%

10,0%

20,0%

30,0%

40,0%

50,0%

Oberzentrum Mittelzentrum Nebenzentrum Ortsteil Bremen gesamt

Produzierende Bereiche Handel und VerkehrDienstleistungen Staat, priv. Haushalte usw.

ProductionServices

Trade / TransportPublic / private

Centre levels: high – medium – low – no centre

Page 14: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 14

Foundations in specific Sectors„High-Tech“

Page 15: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 15

Determinants of Firm Foundations

Regional Economic Structure

Human capital and Foundation potential

Infrastructure

Regional Factors, Accessibility

Page 16: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 16

Working hypotheses for the Regression analysis

Variable expected influcence

Regional and local structure Economic Structure: Industries with high foundation activities Size structure Concentration

+ (-) (-)

Infrastructure: Technology parks / business incubator

+

Spatial Factors, Accessibility Streets railways / (Transportation costs) Urbanisation advantages Agglomeration disadvantages

+

+ -

Page 17: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 17

Variable expected influcence

Foundation potential and Human capital Percentage workforce Percentage qualified workers Age structure of workforce: - young - middle aged - elderly

unemployment Income level Labor costs

+ +

(-shaped:) - + -

(??) + -

Working hypotheses for the Regression analysis

Page 18: P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 1 Bremen Institute of empirical Research in Trade and Regional Economic Structure Firm Foundations and Structural Change

P. Schmidt, HS Bremen, 2007 - slide 18

Econometric Model

Significance

+++ / --- p < 0,01

++ / -- p < 0,05

(+) / (-) p < 0,1→ SPSS …