P-D PrecisionRevJ

8/6/2019 P-D PrecisionRevJ

1/65

Pendergrass-Diamond Precision Outline

John PendergrassLawrence Diamond

January 2001

1


2/65

OPENING BIDS

1 Forcing, could be 16 balanced 1-2 NV

1 11-15, 2+

1 / 11-15, in principle 5+ cards. Exception: KQJx xx xx AQxxxUsually open the major, even with a longer minor

1NT 13+-16, 10-13 (1-2 NV) avoid 5-card major, can be 2245 with 5m

2 11-15, 6+ , could be 5 in 3 rd seat2 11-15, short , weak two in 3 rd seat2 / Weak two

2NT 21-22

3 / / / Normal pre-empts, rule of 2/3/4

3NT 1st/2nd seat: Broken 7-8 card minor.3rd/4 th seat: Gambling; partner should not remove.

4 / 1st/2nd/4 th seat: NAMYATS 8 to 8.5 tricks in major (9-9.5 in 4 th)3rd seat: Natural and preemptive

4 / Natural, NAMYATS in 1 st/2nd seat (< 8 tricks)

4NT Good 5 of a minor opening (ex Ax x x KQJ10xxxxx = 9 tricks)5 / Pre-emptive five-level minor suit opening

5 / Solid hand missing AK of trumps

Can open very light in 3 rd seat NV. Example: KQxx xx Kxx xxxx

In 1st and 2nd, opening bids of 1 / / should promise at least 3 controls

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3/65

Responses to 1

1 Artificial , 0-7 pts

1

Positive in

or 11+ balanced1 Positive in

1NT Positive in , shows 6+ clubs

2 Positive in , shows 6+ diamonds

2 8-10 pts balanced

2 Positive with exactly 9 cards in the minors 4-5 or 5-4

2 Positive with 5m + 4M or 5-5 minors.

2NT Positive with 5-5 majors

3 8-12+ pts, 12 HCP, 4=4=4=1 or 1=4=4=4, GF

3 8-12+ pts, 12 HCP, 4=4=1=4 or 4=1=4=4, GF

3 /3NT/4 /4 13+ pts, any 4-4-4-1, GF, 4+ controls, suit below singleton

3 Any 7-card solid suit (AKQxxxx or better)

4 /4 /5 /5 Broken 8-card suit, NF

4NT Plain Blackwood

If they double 1 : Pass = 0-41 = 5-7XX = 8+ balanced, 2+ , now all doubles are penalty

If they double 1 response: Pass = strong NT hand (16-18)1NT = 19-20 (also after overcall)

XX = 4+ , now all doubles are penaltyHigher bids same as if no double

1 (X) 1 systems on2NT = 23-24 after double or overcall

(so 2 then 2NT is 25-27 )

This response structure is also on after 1 -(1 ).

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4/65

1 -1

1 / Natural, 4+ cards, 1RF

1NT 17-18 balanced (16-18 1-2 NV)

2 / 5+ cards, NF

2 Artificial relay to 2 , containing23 + balanced OR 5-5 majors invitational OR Game force in a minor OR + GF

2 Any 4-4-4-1, 20+ pts, not GF

2NT 19-20 balanced

3 / Natural and invitational, natural follow-ups3 5+/5+ in minors, GF

3 + GF

3NT To play Gambling

4 / Better than NAMYATS

4NT Plain Blackwood

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5/65

1 -1 -1 /

1 (over 1 )0-7 pts, mandatory with 4+ unless responder has 4+ Then 2NT is artificial GF (3C waiting by responder)2 level bids are NF, 3 level bids are invitational

1NT 0-5 pts,


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7/65

1 -1 -2N

19-20 balanced . Same structure over 2NT opening (21-22 balanced) or

1 -1 -2 -2 -2N (23-24 balanced)

3 Puppet Stayman any later 4NT by responder is quantitative, any later 4 isRKC.

Puppet Stayman responses:

3 No 5-card major but at least one 4-card major

Over 3 , if responder is interested in a 4-card major, responder bids the major he doesnt have or 4 with both majors.

3 =Four spades3 =Four hearts4 =Both majors

3 / 5-card suit3NT No 5-card major, no 4-card major

3 / Transfers. Responder rebids 4NT as quantitative.3 Minor suit slam try; forces opener to bid 3N. Then responder bids 4m with

single-suited slam try, 4M shows shortness with at least 5-4 in minors, 4Nshows 5-4 in minors balanced. 4N by either side is to play in theseauctions.

4 Gerber (0/4,1,2,3)4 / Transfers. Responder rebids 4 /4NT as Kickback.4NT Quantitative

Deduct the number of cover cards expected from partner from your modified loser count(use adjustment for controls and Qxx=2.5) to determine whether or not to invite/bid

game/slam.With 19-20 HCP partner is expected to have 6 cover cards if a nine-card fit is exists.

With 21-22 HCP partner is expected to have 6-7 cover cards if a nine-card fit exists.

With 23-24 HCP partner is expected to have 7 cover cards if a nine-card fit exists.

With 25-27 HCP partner is expected to have 8 cover cards if a nine-card fit exists.

If a nine-card fit is not known to exist add 1 loser or use the lower estimate beforeinvestigating game or slam.

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8/65

1 -1

1 Asks (TAB), promising 3+ spades.1NT 11+ balancedHigher bids Show length/strength (TAB answers).

1NT Balanced, unlimited, asking bid, AK-controlsTend to bid 1NT with all balanced hands

Then, new suit from opener is natural, not control ask.

2 new suit Natural, support asking bid

2NT 4-4-4-1 short in responders suit, 19+, natural follow-ups

3NT 4-4-4-1 short in responders suit,


9/65

1 -1 -1 -1NT

2 Relay2 14+, any except 3=3=3=4 2 = Relay

2 11-13, 4 hearts 2 =relay for additional distribution2 11-13, 4 spades, denies hearts 2NT =relay for additional distribution2NT 11-13, no 4-card M or 5-card m 3 =relay for additional distribution3 11-13, 5332 hand with 5 clubs 3 =relay for short suit (natural)3 11-13, 5332 hand with 5 diamonds 3 =relay for short suit (natural)3 11-13, 2=2=4=5 3 = CRASH for Aces

3 11-13, 2=2=5=4 3NT is to play, 4 =CRASH For Aces

3NT 14+, 3=3=3=4 4 = CRASH for Aces

1 -1 -1 -1NT-2 -2 -2

2NT 4 spades 3 =relay for residual (steps 2-3 / 3-2)3 4 clubs 3 =relay for residual (steps 2-3 / 3-2)3 4 diamonds 3 =relay for residual (steps 2-3 / 3-2)3 3=4=3=3 3 =CRASH3 2=4=2=5 3NT is to play; 4 =CRASH

3NT 2=4=5=2 4 =CRASH

1 -1 -1 -1NT-2 -2 -2NT

3 4 clubs 3 =relay for residual (steps 2-3 / 3-2)3 4 diamonds 3 =relay for residual (steps 2-3 / 3-2)3 4=3=3=3 3 =CRASH3 4=2=2=5 3NT is to play; 4 =CRASH3NT 4=2=5=2 4 =CRASH

1 -1 -1 -1NT-2 -2NT-3

3 3=3=4=3 3 =CRASH3 2=3=4=4 3 =CRASH3 3=2=4=4 3NT is to play; 4 is CRASH3NT 3=3=3=4 4 =CRASH

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10/65

1 -1 -1 -1NT-2 -2 -2

2 4 spades (can have 4 hearts) 2NT =relay2NT 4 hearts, denies 4 spades 3 =relay3 5332 with 5 clubs 3 =relay for short suit3 5332 with 5 diamonds 3 =relay for short suit3 2=3=4=4 3 =CRASH3 3=2=4=4 3NT is to play; 4 =CRASH3NT 3=3=4=3 4 =CRASH

After 1 -1 -1 -1NT-2 -2 -2 -2 -2NT3 4 clubs and 4 spades 3 =relay for residual (steps 2-3 / 3-2)3 4 diamonds and 4 spades 3 =relay for residual (steps 2-3 / 3-2)3 4=4=2=3 3 =CRASH3 4=4=3=2 3NT is to play; 4 =CRASH3NT 4=3=3=3 4 =CRASH

After 1 -1 -1 -1NT-2 -2 -2 -2NT- 3

3 4 diamonds and 4 hearts 3 = relay for residual3 2=4=3=4 3 =CRASH3 3=4=2=4 3NT is to play; 4 =CRASH3NT 3=4=3=3 4 =CRASH

Other rebids over 1NT response:

2 Natural, responders major suit rebids show concentration2 / 5+, asks for SUPPORT responses2NT Clubs , Responders 3 =fit, then openers 3 / / shows

shortness; 3 / / by responder denies fit, show values3 Level Sets trumps

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11/65

1 -12 trump ask, 1NT control ask, other bids support asks and as above.

1 -1NT

2 Trump asking bid

2 / / Support asking bid

2NT 16-18 balanced 3JS Natural, sets trumps, but can play in 3N3NT 19-20 balanced

1 -2Similar to 1 -1NT

1 -2

New Suit Support ask 2NT Shape ask

3 No major, then 3 asks for stoppers3 Both majors, then 3M is jack ask 3 / Responder bids the major he doesnt have3NT No major 4-3-3-3

1 -2

After 1 -2 2 = Relay

2NT 4 diamonds + 5 clubs, 8-11 HCP 3 =relay for residual (2-2 / 1-3 / 3-1 / 0-4 / 4-0)3 5 diamonds + 4 clubs, 8-11 HCP 3 =relay for residual (2-2 / 1-3 / 3-1 / 0-4 /4-0)

3 4 diamonds + 5 clubs, 12+ HCP 3 =relay for residual (2-2 / 1-3 / 3-1 / 0-4 / 4-0)3 5 diamonds + 4 clubs, 12+ HCP 3 =relay for residual (2-2 / 1-3 / 3-1 / 0-4 / 4-0)

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12/65


13/65

1 -2NT and higher

After 1 -2NT 3 =Relay

3 8-11 HCP 3 =relay for residual (steps 1-2, 2-1, 0-3, 3-0)

3 5=5=1=2 12+ HCP 3 =CRASH3 5=5=2=1 12+ HCP 3NT =natural, 4 =CRASH3NT 5=5=0=3 12+ HCP 4 =CRASH4 5=5=3=0 12+ HCP 4 =CRASH

1 -3 3 asks which singleton 3 : 4=4=4=1; 3 : 1=4=4=4. 4 /4 RKC.

1 -3 3 asks which singleton 3 : 4=4=1=4; 3NT: 4=1=4=4. 4 /4 RKC.

1 -3 /3NT/4 /4 Bid shows suit below singleton forcing to 4NT4 /4 RKC over 3 /3NTStep 1 = asking for controls over 4 /4 (4,5,6,7,etc.)

1 -3 7-card solid suit

3NT Nonforcing4 asks for the solid suit. Responses natural . If followed by 4NT,asks for outside aces.4 I know your suit make a natural Q-bid of A, K, stiff, or void

4NT Plain Blackwood outside of suit, followed by back on track specific Kingask, if possible.

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14/65

Interference over 1

After any overcall through 1NT, double is usually any 5-8

After 2 or higher overcall, double is 5-8 any hand OR 9+ and 4-4-4-1 OR Balanced 9+, no stopper or awkward

After any overcall, new suit is 9+ natural (5+cards) GF. If overcall was 1 andadvancer does not bid then all systems are on.

If double was 2NT or higher, sets up GF1C-1D-1H-(1S) systems are on with double stole my bidDouble guarantees a rebid at 1-level, except over openers minimum NTOnce they have been doubled (or passed) for penalty, all doubles are for penalty

Direct Q-bid of one level overcall shows balanced game force with no stopper If the overcall does not guarantee 4 of the suit, then the Q-bid is natural and GFIf opener bids NT, we play strong NT systems ignoring any opponents suitsJumps in competition are forcingIf they make a 2-suited bid, play Unusual vs. Unusual style. For example:

1 - (DBL for majors) - 1 = GF 1 = GF 2 / = 5-7 pts NF

1 -(1 )-P-(2 )-? All actions by opener are game invitational. Therefore, responder is in a "mandatory" re-opening position.

1 -(1NT=minors)-? 3 / = game-forcing splinter3 / = preemptive

4 / = preemptive2-level calls by either player are unusual vs. unusual style, bothdirectly and after double.

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15/65

Interference over 1

Doubles General RulesFirst double by either player is takeout unless he has already had a chance tomake a takeout double

Second double by partnership is takeout

Third double by partnership is penalty

If we are in a game force, all doubles are penalty

If we have already doubled or passed for penalty, all doubles are penalty

1 -(2any suit)-X Lebensohl style by 1C opener, including promising or denying stopper. Double should try to show length in the unbid major(s).

1 -(1 )-X-(2 ) now this is a Lebensohl situation from both sides.

1 -(P)-1 -(2 )-X now this is a Lebensohl situation for responder.

1 -(2 )-X-3 opener's call is invitational.

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16/65

Asking BidsAK-control Ask The AK-control ask applies in the sequence 1 -1 / -1NT and 1 -1 -1 -2any-2NT .

After either use of the AK-control ask, bidding responders known major below thelevel of game is a TAB.

Responder bids as follows:2 : 0-2 controls (A=2, K=1)

2 : asks for clarification2 : 0 or 1 king2 : 1 ace2N: 5-3-3-2 distribution and 2 kings3 : at least 4 clubs and 2 kings3 : at least 4 diamonds and 2 kings3M: at least 6 of responders major, no 4-card suit, 2 kings3oM: at least 4 cards in the suit, 2 kings

2 : 3 controls2 : 4 controls2 : 5 controls2N: 6 or more controls

3 : asks for clarification3 : 6 controls3 : 7 controls3 : 8 controls

3 : Natural, 5+ clubs. Shows 2 of top 3 honors in both suits.3 : asks for controls

3 : 2 controls3 : 3 controls3N: 4 controls, etc.

3 : Natural 5+ diamonds. Shows 2 of top 3 honors in both suits.Opener asks for controls by bidding 3oM

3 : If hearts was responders suit, shows 6+ cards semi-solid (AKJ, KQJ or AQJ). Then, opener bids 3 to ask for controls. If responder originally

showed , then the bid shows 5-5 in the majors with 2 of the top 3 honorsin each suit. 4 by opener would ask for controls.

3 : If spades was responders original suit, this shows 6+ spades semi-solid.

Otherwise, this shows 6 hearts and 5 spades. 4

by opener would ask for controls.

After opener determines the number of controls, openers rebid of NT at the minimumlevel is forcing and asks for responders distribution. Responder bids naturally. Heshows a second suit if he has one, rebids a 6-card or major, or bids NT with 5-3-3-2distribution. With 6-4 show 4-card suit first.

After the AK-ask, 3M by opener asks for shortness with void responses.

After 1 -1 -1NT, a 3 response to the 2NT shape ask shows 6+ .

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17/65

Trump Ask When partner has shown 5+ trumps, responses to the ask are:

1st step: no top honor

2nd step: 1 top honor, 5 cards3rd step: 2 top honors, 5 cards4 th step: 1 top honor, 6+ cards5 th step: 2 top honors, 6+ cards6 th step: all 3 top honors

When partner has shown 6+ trumps, responses to the ask are:

1st step: no top honor 2nd step: 1 top honor, 6 cards3rd step: 2 top honors, 6 cards4 th step: 1 top honor, 7+ cards

5th

step: 2 top honors, 7+ cards6 th step: all 3 top honors

New suit bids are now CAB

These are on including the 3-level in case of interference.

After the 1 st or 6 th step, a direct rebid of the trump suit (non-game if 1 st step) asks for length.

Sequences where trump asks apply: 1 -1 -11 -1 -2

1 -1NT-2 1 -2 -2

Jack Ask When partner has shown exactly 4 trumps, responses to the ask are:

1st step: no top honor 2nd step: 1 top honor, no J3rd step: 1 top honor with J4 th step: 2 top honors, no J5 th step: 2 top honors with J6 th step: all 3 top honors

Sequences where jack asks apply: 1 -2 -2NT-3 -3M2 -2 -2 -2 -

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18/65

Support Ask With interference, support asks are on only at 2-level.

When partner may or may not have support, responses to the ask are:1st step:


19/65

11 / 3+ cards. Responder will always bid, even with a weak hand.

1NT (after 1 ) usually denies 4 2 promises both minors2 = 5+

3 by responder is game force1 -1 -2 -2 = invitational 1 -1 -2 -3 = forcing

Jump reverse to 3-level = good 6-51 -1 -1NT-2 = pass or correct (at least 5-5)1 -1 -1NT-3 = Slam invite, at least 5-5 with good suits1 -1 -1 -3 = weak

1 -1 -2 -2 = GF (4sF)1 -1 -2 = natural, OR 3 with max

2NT asks, 2 = P/C, 3 = inv+, 3 = NF, 3NT = bar bidAfter 2NT ask, 3 = , 3 = ,

3 = + feature, 3 = + feature

1 -1 -2 = 3 , max, 5+ 2NT is natural + forcing, 3 = inv+

2Raise 4-card support or 3 with a singleton2NT (or 2 over ) is an asking bid using the Garozzo 5-stepresponsesOther steps are natural short suit tries

1 -1 -2 -2NT-any-3 = NF1 -1 -2 -2NT is SSGT in spadesIf any comp after raise, then 2NT is natural.Responders 4-level jump = length slam try (w/5 in major)

2NT = 6 , no 3-card support (then 3 =NF, 3M=GF, 4 =RKC )

3 = 5-5 NF (then 3M=F, 4 = RKC, 4 = RKC)

3 = 6 , with 3-card support, NF (then 3M=GF)

3Raise guarantees side stiff/void Next step asks: S1 = void somewhere

S2 = stiff S3 = stiff other major

3NT = long diamonds, gambling

Higher Jumps super splinter raise, promising void

After 1 -1X-1Y, responders jumps in an already bid suit (or 3 , but not 3 )are slam invitational either a 6-card suit (responder repeats his suit) with atmost one loser, or 5-5 in two suits with at least 2 of the top 3 honors in eachsuit.

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20/65

1

1NT 0-6 to less than enough to make game opposite balanced max2 / Natural, extras, NF3 5-5 NF3 / Shortness

2 Natural GF2 Most hands with 5+ 2 / Not specifically 4-4 in +M. Any 4-card major is shown.

We must assume diamonds are unstopped.1 -2 -2 -2 may be a probe, so after 3 , 3NT is to play

2NT Natural, no 4-card major, thus 4+ 3 Natural, semi-solid suit or better, sets trumps3 / Splinter, without 4 cards in other major By PH, 2 =NF, natural follow-ups

2 Inverted, off in comp, on by PH, no major Can stop in 2NT or 3 if its next bid by either player 1 -2 -3 / short, 1 -2 -2NT-3 / short1 -2 -other-3 / notrump probe1 -2 -3 Natural and forcing, but can play in 3

2 5 + 4 , weak 2NT asks fragment, 3m = correctionOn by PH, off after double (after double = fit)

2 Soloway-type strong jump-shift

2NT Invitational3 forcing, 3 signoff, 3 / short

3 Invitational (fit in comp) 3 signoff

3 Preemptive

3 / , 4 Weak (fit in comp)

3NT 13-154M Shortness

4 / To play (also in comp)

4NT Blackwood

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21/65

1

2-way checkback

These also apply to 1 -1 -1NT and 1 -1 -1

1

-1

/1

-1NT-2

Forces opener to bid 2

; either invitational or weak with

Over 2 , the responses are:

Pass weak, 6+ 2oM game invitational with both majors2M mild game invitation with 6-card suit2NT game invitation with a 5-card suit3 game invitation with 5-card major and clubs3 game invitation with 5-card major and diamonds3 -- (After 1 -1 -1NT) Highly invitational with 5-5 in the majors

(After 1 -1 -1NT) Highly invitational with 6 hearts3 -- (After 1 -1 -1NT) Highly invitational with 6 spades

1 -1 /1 -1NT-2 GF

opener makes the cheapest possible rebid that would show any of the followingholdings: 3-card support, 4-cards in the other major, or a 5-card minor 2NT shows (2-3)-4-4 and responder can bid up-the-line for a 4-4 minor suit fit.

1 -1 -1NT-2 Weak 5-5

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1X-1Y; 2Y Structure (Garozzo 5-step responses)

After opener raises responder's response, the relay asks for info about opener's hand, in 5steps:

1) 4-card raise, UNBAL then relay 1/2 steps = MIN, hi/lo sing 3/4 steps = MAX, hi/losing2) 3-card raise, MIN3) 3-card raise, MAX4) 4-card raise, No Sing, MIN (always the trump suit)5) 4-card raise, No Sing, MAX

This applies to 1 -1 -2 also.

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22/65

1 /

1NT Semi-forcing, includes 3-card limit raiseIf 1 opener bids a minor, responders jump to 3 shows and minor-suit fit

(usually 5-5), NFOpeners jump shift = 5-5 NFOpeners 2NT = invitational, 6-card major Openers 3NT = usually solid 7-card major Responders reopening 2NT = takeoutDouble from either side is takeoutBART (see separate section)

2 / Natural, game forcingJump rebids in major = semi-solid, can be minimum, can play in 3NT (no serious

3NT here), otherwise, the major is set as trumps

If responder makes a GF 2/1 and jumps rebids opener's major to 3, it shows3 trumps with shortness somewhere. Opener bids the next step (3Sover 3H or 3NT over 3S) to ask for the shortness.

2Raise Constructive, 8-10/11 pts, 3 trumpsCheapest call forcing inquiry ( natural SS tries) ; then 3 from opener is natural

4-card suit Responses to inquiry = shortness on 3-level, source of tricks on 4 level1-2-3 = good 6-card suit at any colors (but weak in comp)After raise, 4-level bid is length slam try (same thing for 1 -1M-2M)

2 (over 1 ) Strong jump shift, Soloway style. Responder has either 1) a self sufficient suit (1-loser or less); 2) a strong notrump (16-18 pts); or 3) good spades and 4-card heart support if responder bids a 2 nd

suit next round it is a stiff or void.

2NT Jacoby game forcing raise on after double , off after overcall

3 Bergen constructive raise (on after double) 9-loser Fit-showing in comp or by PH

3 Bergen limit raise(on after double) 8-loser Fit-showing in comp or by PH

3Raise Preemptive

3 (over 1 ) Unspecified splinter, 7 losers. Also 3NT over 1 .

3NT( over 1 ) 6-loser spade splinter

4 / or 1 -4 6 or fewer losers splinter (also by PH if no comp); fit in comp

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23/65

1 /

4 (over 1 ) 6 or fewer loser splinter, natural in comp

4 (over 1 ) Always to play

1 -1 Should be alerted as only promising 3+ if responder has lessthan invitational values. If opener JS, responders 3 is NF

1 -1 -2 -4 Natural, NF

1 -1 -2 -3 Short suit game try in hearts

1 -1 -3 6+ , 3

1 -1 -2 -2N Garozzo single raise inquiry

1 -1 -1N 11-15 balanced; 2-way checkback is on

1 -1 -2N Plain natural, 6+

1 -2 -3 Cant play in unless next bid is 3

1 -1N-2 -3 Now 3 and 4 are natural and nonforcing; to keycard one mustcuebid first.

Jumps to 3-level by PH are fit-showing in or out of comp

1M-(preempt)-4M responder is in control of auction

1 -(any )-4 -(4 ) Double = 5-level desire

1 -1 -1NT ... 2-way checkback is on

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24/65

1 -1NT-2 (BART)

2 Artificial, shows 5 hearts

2 Shows 6 hearts

Responder can differentiate between a weak or strong preference to 2 .

1 -1NT-2 -2 shows two spades with up to 8 HCPs or three spades with up to 7 HCPs.

1 -1NT-2 -2 -2 -2 cancels showing 5 hearts and shows 9-11 HCPs with exactly twospades.

Responder can also differentiate between a weak or strong raise to 3 . A direct raiseshows a minimum raise to 3 . Bidding 2 and then over 2 bidding 2NT or 3 cancelsshowing five hearts and shows the strongest possible raise to 3 . Since opener mighthave only two clubs, responder bids 2NT with a four-card or five-card (weak suit) raise.With a five-card (strong suit) or six-card raise, responder bids 3 .

If responder wants to play diamonds, he must bid 3 over 2 .

Opener bids 2 over 1NT even with 5-3-3-2 and a doubleton club.

1 -1NT-2 -3m is to play

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25/65

Jacoby 2NT

3 All minimums (then after sign-off it shows void)

3 then asks:

3 = shortness somewhere; 3 natural void ask (show even if no room)3 = any 5-4-2-2; 3NT asks natural for 4-card suit3NT = 6-3-2-2 minimum4X = second 5-card suit (Kxxxx minimum)4M = medium 5-3-3-2 (minimum but 4 + controls)

3 and higher = CAB

3 Non-minimum, shortness somewhere

3 natural void ask 3 and higher = CAB

3 Non-minimum, 5-4-2-2

3 natural asks for 4-card suit3NT and higher = CAB

3 Non-minimum, 6-card suit, no shortness

3NT Non-minimum, 5-3-3-2 (14+ HCP with 4+ controls)

4X Non-minimum, second 5-card suit (Kxxxx minimum)4M Awful 5-3-3-2 (minimum with less than 4 controls)

Follow-ups other than CABs as listed are natural cue bidsUnusual sounding suit bids after 4M signoff tend to be voids

INTERFERENCE Double = shortness in suit Nonjumps (below 3M) natural, jumps = long suit3NT = balanced maximum, A or K in their suitPass = nothing to say, now responders double is penalty

If they double asking bids, XX = business, pass = step 1, etc.

If they bid over asking bids, X = penalty, pass = step 1, etc.If they double 2NT, pass = nothing, XX =defensive, other bids retain meaning

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26/65

Interference after 1 / /If they overcall after 1 (P) 1NT then openers double is penalty.

If they overcall 2m after 1 - 1 / - 1NT, responders double is penalty.If they overcall after 1M (P) 1NT then double is takeout from either side

If we have an agreed trump suit, then we cant play doubled in a new suit, but wecan play redoubled.Jumps in comp are fit except for 4 / . After DBL, Bergen is still on, however.If 1 opener voluntarily shows a new suit in comp, he has real .In comp, fit showing jump = FP if we bid past 3 of our suit (not if we overcall).In comp, a jump to 4 of a major does not set up a FP.After 1 opening, responders new suits are 1-round force on 2-level. However,he can pass minimum NT rebid, minimum suit rebid, or a raise, even in further comp. If responder rebids his suit it is NF even if opener has bid a new suit. But,if responder raises openers major on his 2 nd turn it is GF.Responders new suits on 3-level are GF = FP.

Negative double of 3 and higher sets up FP if we get to game.1 (1M) 3M = splinter Return by opener to 3 of his suit over invitational 2NT is NF.

New suits in comp by PH at 3-level or higher promise fit.After 2/1 response in comp, FP are on at 3-level (below responders suit) and at 5-level. This also applies after game tries.If we open 1 and later double their Q-bid, it shows good diamonds (could beminimum) doubling their major suit Q-bid shows good hand.1 (P) 1NT (2M) 2NT is good-bad from opener.If opener reopens with double after WJO, responders 2NT = scrambling.After our invitational 2NT bid new minors are forcing, old minors are NF.If we respond 1/1 and 4 th hand overcalls, passed back around to responder, then:2-level = NF, 3-level = NF. Also 1 (P)1 (X) P(1 )2any=NFIf opener makes support double, responders new suits on 2/3 level are NF.Jump raise of 1M opening in comp: 4 trumps, up to mixed strength.1 (3 ) 4 = artificial raise better than 4 (slam interest)1 (X,1/2/3 ,2 ) 4 (4 ) double says I want to bid 5 (1 )-1 -(1 )-2 -(3 )-X shows a SSGT.

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27/65

Interference after 1 / /

They overcall with natural 1NTDouble PenaltyBids That suit + a higher suit (not counting openers suit)2NT Bigger 2-suiter (or limit raise +)

Raise Natural, not 2 suits3-level Preemptive

They overcall with Michaels or Unusual 2NTDouble Sets up 1-round force, but not over their jumpsPass, then double = takeout

If both suits are known, unusual vs unusual

If one suit is known:Q-bid = limit+ in our suit

New suits = natural, forcingJumps = splinter in their suit, otherwise fit

NT = natural

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29/65

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1 - (2 ) - X transfer/raise to 2 , 3+ card support.

If responder rebids 2 after the transfer, it cancels hearts andshows inv+ values with exactly 4 spades, forcing one round.After 1 -(2 )-X-2 -2 , opener's possible rebids are:

2NT 11-13 HCP, no support, no stopper guarantee3 11-15 HCP, no support, 5+ 3 14-15 HCP, no support, no stopper 33 11-13 HCP with support3NT 14-15 HCP, no support, stopper 4X 14-15 HCP fragment, 5-4-3-1 with support4 14-15 HCP with support, 5-4-2-2

2 transfer (!) to 2 , 5+ cards. Again, responder passes or takes anatural stronger action.

2 transfer to 3 , 5+ cards. Opener bids 3 with a minimum handor 2NT to pre-accept, analogous to similar auction over a 1NTopening.

2NT Natural

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1 - (2 ) - X Like 1 -(1 )-X , this shows either a 2NT response or anormal negative double. Opener bids 2NT if he wouldhave passed the 2NT response or chooses his most naturalrebid. 3 / would show extra values, 3 would not.

2NT transfer to 3 , 5+ cards. Again, responder passes or takesa natural stronger action.

3 transfer to 3 , 5+ cards. Again, responder passes or takesa natural stronger action.

3 constructive/invitational raise to 3 , 3+ card support.Responder may pass or take a natural stronger action.

3 non-constructive raise to 3

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1 - (2 ) - X transfer to 2 , to play or natural rebids showing inv+ values.

If responder rebids 2 after the transfer, it cancels diamonds andshows inv+ values with exactly 4 hearts, forcing one round.After 1 -(2 )-X-2 -2 , opener's possible rebids are:

22NT 11-13 HCP, no support, no stopper guarantee3 14-15 HCP, no support, no stopper 3 11-15 HCP, no support, 5+ 3 11-13 HCP with support33NT 14-15 HCP, no support, stopper 4X 14-15 HCP fragment, 5-4-3-1 with support4 14-15 HCP with support, 5-4-2-2

2 transfer to 2 , 5+ cards. Responder may pass or take another (natural) call with inv+ values.

2 raise to 2 , 3+ card support. Again, responder passes or takes anatural stronger action.

2 (!) values for a 2NT call without a stopper, or values for 3NT butwould like to give opener a chance to declare the hand.

2NT Natural

Higher bids by responder are normal. 3 would presumably guarantee 4-card support.

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1 - (2 ) - X transfer to 2 , to play or natural rebids showing inv+ values.

If responder rebids 2 after the transfer, it cancels long hearts andshows inv+ values with exactly 4 hearts, forcing one round.

After 1 -(2 )-X-2 -2 , opener's possible rebids are:

2NT 11-13 HCP, no support, no stopper guarantee3 11-15 HCP, no support, 5+ 3 14-15 HCP, no support, no stopper 3 11-13 HCP with support33NT 14-15 HCP, no support, stopper 4 / 14-15 HCP fragment, 5-4-3-1 with support4 14-15 HCP with support, 5-4-2-2

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2 raise to 2 , 3+ card support. Again, responder passes or takes anatural stronger action.

2 transfer to 3 , 5+ cards. Opener bids 3 with a minimum handor 2NT to pre-accept, analogous to similar auction over a 1NT

opening.

2NT Natural

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1 - (2 ) - X transfer/raise to 2 , 3+ card support. If responder bids 2NTafter the transfer, it cancels the support (!) and shows 2-3-4-4or 2-4-(3-4) inv+ values with no stopper.

2 transfer to 3 , 5+ cards. Opener bids 3 with a minimum handor 2NT to pre-accept, analogous to similar auction over a 1NTopening.

2NT Natural

3 transfer to 3 , 5+ cards. Again, responder passes or takes anatural stronger action.

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Doubles and RedoublesIf they Q-bid our suit and it is clearly their hand, then double says to lead adifferent suit. Our double to deny a lead is only by the person who has firstintroduced the suit.If we jump after our takeout double is redoubled or bid over, its weak.

Redouble of 3NT is always business. (exception: if we overcall 3NT over 3-levelopening and its doubled, normal runouts i.e. XX = 1 suit)Redoubles in the middle of our Precision asking sequences are an attempt to playthere.Rosenkranz redoubles are mandatory on the 1-level unless you decide to raise.Optional on 2-level. Must alert failure to XX on 1-level. Shows A or K.Double of 3NT usually for dummys suit. It is assumed we will try to lead 3 rd

hands suit, so double should steer leader away. However, it could just meantheyre dead, lead normally.When we get doubled in 1 , it is last mans job to run.Pulling a 3-level double to 3NT is playable unless puller cannot logically have

enough to make.Redouble of their double after 1M-2M does not force us to the 3-level if wevealready stopped in 2 of our suit.If opener doubles after theyve overcalled and raised its pure takeout, but 2NT isalso takeout. Responders doubles are usually cards and responders 2NT istakeout. But 1X (any) 1NT and responder later doubles = cards/penalty.Negative and responsive doubles after 1 opening through 4 only(1m)-2m[Majors]-(3m)-X = responsive Michaels bidder cannot pass,intending to show a good raise to 4M at next turn.

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Support Doubles and Redoubles

Through and including 3 of our major.

If they bid 2 of our major:Double = penalty if natural

Double = 3+ card support if Q-bid

After a support double, responders actions (except Q-bid) are never forcing a newsuit is an attempt to play there.

Support doubles are not on when responder negative doubles.

Misc Auctions

(1 ) P (P) X 1 (X) P (1 )(2 ) X Penalty P (P) 1NT Minors

1 (P) 2 (X)XX Forcing to double or 3 (but not if weve passes 2 response)

(1 ) P (1M) P (2 ) P (3 ) P(1NT) P (P) X Penalty (P) X Penalty or lighttakeout

(1 ) P (1any) X(2 ) X Penalty

1NT (2suit) X (P) 1 (1 ) 1 (2 )2NT Natural P (P) X (P) Now 2NT = natural

1any (X) P (any bid)P (P) X Penalty double is also penalty if they overcalled

General rule: openers 2NT is natural, potentially weak hands 2NT is takeout.

If we respond in comp, and then reopen(non-jump), it is NF. Must double or cuebid toforce (even if they preempt and we reopen on high level).

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Passed Hand Actions

Passed Hand after 1 Jumps = fits (can pass a jump to a major promises 5+)

Passed Hand after 1M

Never Bergen by PH, always Bergen by UPH even if they doubleThey Double All single jumps = fit, must play in major opened2NT is limit raise2-level is same as by UPHSuit/Lead applies (1NT is clubs, not transfer to Drury)

They Overcall same as by UPHThey Pass Single jump as over double

2NT = minors3Raise = semi-preemptive, usually 5 cardsDouble jumps = splinters2Raise still constructive, 3 or 4 trumps

Drury: 2 = 1-Way Reverse Drury2NT by opener asks for natural shortnessIf opener shows minimum, 2NT by responder asks for natural shortnessIf opener doesnt show minimum, 2NT by responder is natural NF

No artificial game triesIf Drury bidder continues over signoff suit bids are natural s.s. game tries

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1NT (10-13)Try to avoid opening 1NT with a 5-card major

2 NF Stayman With some simple game forcing hands, we might use 2 if it is lesslikely to be doubled than 2 .

2 No major 2M Invitational3m Invitational with a major 3M Invitational (probably w/4 in other major)

2 GF Stayman

2

4 hearts 2 =relay for additional distribution2 4 spades, denies hearts 2NT =relay for additional distribution2NT no 4-card M or 5-card m 3 =relay for additional distribution3 5332 hand with 5 clubs 3 =relay for short suit (natural)3 5332 hand with 5 diamonds 3 =relay for short suit (natural)3 2=2=4=5 3 = CRASH for Aces

3 2=2=5=4 3NT is to play, 4 =CRASH For Aces

After 1NT-2 -2 -2

2NT 4 spades 3 =relay for residual (steps 2-3 / 3-2)


After 1NT-2 -2 -2NT


After 1NT-2 -2NT-3

3 3=3=4=3 3 =CRASH3 2=3=4=4 3 =CRASH3 3=2=4=4 3NT is to play; 4 is CRASH

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3NT 3=3=3=4 4 =CRASH

1NT (10-13)

2M To play, could be semi-psychic, opener should try not to raise.

Zia suggests never bid 2 unless ready to hear opps bid 2 2NT Invitational, any 6-card suit (opener bids lowest rejection)3X To play4 Gerber 4 / Texas (on through 3 overcall only)

Interference over 10-13 NT

After 1N (penalty X), pass forces XX to show cheapest of 2 suits (or to play).Direct bids are natural

XX = business, sets up FP, but responders new suit is NF2NT = 5-5 any 2 suits1N (P) P (X) P (P) now DONT style for responders bids and XX

All jumps to 3-level in comp are Rubensohl

After 1NT (bid) Rubensohl is on same as strongAfter non-Landy 2 overcall, double is Stayman but 2 is to play .After non-penalty X, systems onAfter 3-level overcall, our 3-level bid is GFIf they balance, openers double is penalty, cheapest bid from responder is takeout and

double is penalty.

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1NT (13 +-16)13+ means a 5-card minor suit if 13 HCP

2 Stayman2 No major

2 P/C (weak with both majors (4-4), (4-5) or (5-5)

2

weak with exactly 4 hearts and at least 5 spades2NT Invitational, may or may not have a 4-card major 3 GF, 4-card major longer clubs3 GF, 4-card major longer diamonds3M Smolen4 Gerber 4 / Discuss5 and higher Exclusion RKC in

2 4 or 5 , may have 4 2 4 spades, invitational

2NT Invitational, denies 4 spades3 GF 4 and 6+ 3 GF, 4 spades and 6+ diamonds3 Invitational3 Slam try in with unspecified shortness;

3NT asks (do not show voids):4 = clubs, 4 = diamonds, 4 = spades

4 RKC Gerber 4 Balanced slam try in

2 4 or 5 , denies 4 2NT Invitational, may or may not have 4 hearts3 GF, 4 hearts with longer clubs3 This and all higher bids are same as over 2 response

Over 3 showing shortness, there is room to show voids

2 Transfer to

2 Opener can super-accept with 4 hearts and maximum2 5-5 invitational3m Natural GF (but NF by PH or after 1 -1 )

Jump to 4M = fast arrival (weaker)

3 /4m Splinter 4 Balanced slam try, 6+ 4NT Balanced slam try

2 /3m Super-accept with a worthless doubleton in the suit

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1NT (13 +-16)

2 Transfer to same structure as 2 aboveTransfer followed by 3 is 5-5 GFTransfer followed by 4 is splinter

Note: 1NT-2 -2 -4 /5m is Exclusion RKC1NT-4 -4 4 is RKC

4NT and higher are SPL RLY void slam tries

2 Transfer to opener bids 2NT to accept, 3 to denyResponders new suits are shortness with slam interest

2NT Transfer to opener bids 2NT to accept, 3 to denyResponders new suits are shortness with slam interest

3 Both minors , at least 5-5, weak

3 Both minors, at least 5-5, GF

3 GF Splinter, may have 4 Opener bids 3 with 4 of them, responder pulls to 3NT w/o spades or Q-bids 4mOpeners jump to 4 promises 5 spadesTry not to splinter with slam interest or stiff AKQ

3 GF Splinter, must have 4

If opener bids 3NT, then responders 4m = naturalOpeners 4m = natural be wary about jumping

4 Gerber 4 / Texas transfers, initiates FP.

If responder bids on at 5-level it is a void slam try

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40/65

Interference against our Strong 1NTNo negative doublesOpener tries hard to reopen with any strength and weak doubleton in their suitIf they balance (natural), openers X is penalty; responders X is 3 with cards3-level bids forcing after 3-level jump overcall

1NT (3m) 4m = majorsGerber in comp is a jump to 4 or 5 Texas in comp through and including 3 overcall (sets up FP)If they artificial Double we totally ignore it. Systems on; XX sets up 1-roundforce through 2 . All subsequent doubles are penalty.If they penalty double responders 2-level bids are natural and pass forcesredouble, then responders bids are DONT (i.e. XX=one-suit, suit=that andhigher)If they bid 2 (no matter what it means except Landy) double = Stayman,higher bids FOC.

If they bid 2

or 2

for majors:Pass, then balancing double = takeoutDbl = cards, opener is forced. Later doubles are penalty2M = tying GF in minor 2NT = Lebensohl to get out in 3m, or followed by 3M to show stopper 3m = natural, invitational3M = shortness2 = natural, NF

Over any other suit interference at the two-level, Rubensohl applies.

Rubensohl 2NT is a relay to 3C starting a weak takeout.Direct 3-level bids are x-fers showing suit above inv+Transfer to their known 4+ card suit = inv+ in unbid major(s)3 =transfer to NT, "Help" bid. No stopper in the enemy suit.Direct 3NT shows a stopper in their suit.

2NT then a cuebid shows the other 4-card major and no stopper.

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Strong 2NT Auctions

Jacoby followed by 4 of a new suit above trump = Excl. RKC

Jacoby followed by 4NT above trump = QuantitativeTexas followed by one over = RKC, other bids = natural void slam tryTransfer to their major after our 2NT overcall = inv in other major

Jacoby followed by 4m promises slam interest:Openers 4NT or return to either suit is NFOpeners step 1 (of remaining bids) is RKC in minor, then one over for kingsOpeners step 2 (of remaining bids) is RKC in major, then one over for kings

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2

When in doubt, open 1 with a hand on the strong side, as responder is more likely to pass the 2 opening than any other (Rigal). Lean towards 10 HCP, not 16 (B-C).Shows 6 cards, but could often have 5 in 3 rd seat.

2 Artificial inquiry (responders later 3M = forcing)2 / Natural 1RF; if slammish, 5-3-3-2 or 5-4-2-2

2NT Relay to 3 , to play, or slammish 2-suiter

3 Relay to 3 , to play or slammish one-suiter

3 / / Invitational (by PH or in comp, fit showing)

4 Preemptive

4 RKC

4 / To play, never promises fit

IF THEY DOUBLE 2

XX They are in trouble (FP)2 Still artificial ask 2M Natural, forcing2NT Good raise (suit/lead)3 Raise, could be very light 3X Fit-showing4 Preemptive4M To play

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2 -2

2 Artificial ask if followed by 3 = NFIf followed by 4 =GF except after 2 -2 -3

2 Any strength, 4-card major 2 Asks

2NT 4 , minimum3 =NF3 = Jack ask (natural cuebid followups)3 =NF3 =Natural, forcing

3 4 , minimum3 = Jack ask (natural cuebid followups)3 =Natural, forcing3 =NF

3 4 , maximum3 = Jack ask (natural cuebid followups)3 =Natural, forcing

3 4 , maximum3 = Jack ask (natural cuebid followups)

2 Maximum, no major, shortness somewhere2NT Asks, natural responses (GF)3 NF (openers continuations show shortness)

2NT Maximum, balanced, usually 2 stoppers3 NF3 Stopper ask: 3 = + , 3 = + , 3NT= + or all 3 suits

3 Minimum, no major 3 Stopper ask natural responses

3 Natural, 6+ , 4+ (Openers 4 = RKC)

3 Natural, 6+ , 5+ 3 Sets as trumps, so 4 =excl. RKC

4 F4 RKC

3 Artificial, solid

3NT 6+ , 5+ 4 F4 RKC4 Sets as trump

2 -2 / Natural 1RF; if slammish, 5-3-3-2 or 5-4-2-22NT Natural, non-minimum, NF3 Minimum; 2 -2 -3 -3 is 5+/5+ inv

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3 or 3Raise NF3NT Stronger than 2NT (4 =NF, 4 = RKC)4 Natural, extras, NF4Raise Stronger than 3Raise; can splinter with 3 trumps

2 -2NT Relay to 3 , after whichPass To play3 + 5-5 GF3 + 5-5 GF3 + 5-5 GF

Follow-up: no 4 /4 RKC

2 -3 Relay to 3 , after whichPass To play3M Natural, GF 6+, can play in 3NT

Openers 4 = good raise3NT/4 /4 Diamonds, GF

InterferenceIf they double after 2 -2 , XX ix business, otherwise system on

If they bid a suit over any asks, P=1 st step, X=business, then step on upIf they double over asks, XX= business, pass = S1, etc.Our free bid in comp = 1-round force on 2-level, GF on 3-levelIf we make negative double, openers 2NT could be minimum with a stopper 2 -(2 )-4 is splinter

Passed Hand2 As above2M Natural, NF2NT Natural 3 NF 3X Fit, decent hand

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2

In 1st,2nd,4th seat: 3-suiter with short ; in 3 rd seat, Weak 2

2 3+ , NF, opener must pull with only 3

2 /3 Signoff (opener can raise 2 to 3 via 3 , showing 4-5 in blacks)3 Natural, invitational, 6+ 3M Forcing, 4+, forces 3NT opposite 3 or raise opposite 4

Then 4C/4D RKC over 3NT or RKC Kickback over any other.3NT To play

2NT Asking3 All minimums, after which 3 re-asks

3 3-4-1-53 4-3-1-5

3NT 4-4-1-44 4-4-0-5 ; then 4 /4 RKC with 4 relay; i.e. stop bid 3 Non-minimum 4-4-1-43 and higher As above, but non-minimum (3NT = stiff honor)

After the 3 response to 2NT, all bids other than 3 are NF. No 4 /4 RKC. After the 3 re-ask and answer on 3-level (3-4-1-5 or 4-3-1-5), we play 4 /4 RKC.

After a 3 response, 3M = GF. But RKC is on 4-level.

After a 3M response, we always play 4 /4 RKC.

Over double, pass = diamonds, playable.

XX = they are in trouble, willing to play 2 XX, sets up FP.

Other bids = same as if no double

If 2 opener is on lead, none of the suits are his as bid suits

2 -(P)-2NT-(3 )... then pass shows all minimums and X by responder is a re-ask.Double by opener replaces 3 bid.

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Weak 2- BidsTheory: Do not open a weak two with trash in 1 st/2nd seat. Three-level preempt can bereal garbage if NV. Being 6-4 does not determine whether its a 2- or 3- level opener; thestrength does. Good hands dont open 3 when NV.

Jump response = forcing if white (when red, new suits forcing).4 immediate or delayed is preempt keycard

All new suits NF if White, forcing if Red, but, all new suits forcing over 3+ level.

2 -3 Forcing if White, invitational if Red.

2NT asks feature (A/K with at least a middling hand), followed by next step (not NT or suit opened) asks for shortness:

trump suit = no short; otherwise, natural shortness

2 -2NT-3 -3 asks2NT followed by 4 = preempt keycard

If they double , 2NT and higher bids are Suit/LeadXX shows good hand, sort of feature ask not forcing pass

If they bid after XX, opener passes with minimum, or double shows 2+ with cards

2M-2NT-3NT Solid suit

2NT, then 3NT by responder gives choice.Direct 3NT is bar bid.

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Higher Preempts

After a 3-level preempt and response, a new-suit rebid by opener shows shortness with support for responder's suit. Ex: 3D-3S-4C.

3C-3D asks for a 3-card major.

4NT over a preempt is plain Blackwood.3NT = 4 of a minor opening in 1 st/2nd seat any minor suit bid is P/C

4M = to play4NT = preempt keycardOver double Pass is to play opposite ace or king

Redouble is businessBids are all pass/correct

3NT = gambling in 3 rd/4 th seat with no restrictions never run from this

4

= good 4

opening4 = good 4 openingIn between step shows slam interestOne over trump suit is RKCMust play in openers suit

NAMYATS sets up forcing passOther bids = asking for control (none, 2 nd, 1 st) (exception to 5 rule)Ask with substitution ( 4 -4NT = ask)

After double: in-between bid is still slam interestotherwise, pass or bid 4M depending on which hand should declareredouble = 5-level interest (ex Axx Axx xxxxx xx)

We play above asking bids over 4M opening cant play in new suitDo not play above asking bids after our 4M overcall new suit is natural cuebid/slam try

(But one over is still RKC)

4NT-5NT is pick-a-slam

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Suit/Lead

A) On after 1M opener gets doubled:1 over 1 = natural1NT = 2 = through 2 of suit (raise = garbage, one under = good raise, maybe 3 cards andlimit +)

On after our weak two bids are doubled (or 2 with 2 overcall)2M (X) XX = any good handRaise via one under = invitational

B) 3 (3 ) 3NT = natural, playable

C) 3M (X) 3NT = Suit/Lead ( ) must XX with good hand

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49/65

Forcing Passes

Vulnerability is irrelevant

If we are in GF auction then all passes are forcing

If we have already bid a game, then:If the game bid was a non-jump bid in competition, we are never in a force

Examples: (4C)-4H-(5C)-P [not forcing]1D-(1H)-X-(4H)-4S-(5H)-P [not forcing]

If the game was a jump bid, or bid after an opponents pass, we are in a forceunless the bid was a preemptive bid or the partner of the bidder has shown aweak hand

Examples: (3C)-4H-(5C)-P [forcing]1H-(1S)-2H-(2S)-4H-(4S)-P [not forcing, 2H was weak](1S)-4H-(4S)-P [not forcing, 4H was preemptive]2H-(2S)-4H-(4S)-P [not forcing, opening was weak two]

If we have not bid a game yet, then:

If opponents jump to 5M and we are in the auction, we are in a force

Example: (3H)-3S-(5H)-P [forcing]

If the opponents bid 5m, we are in a force only if we have shown gameinvitational values

Example: (3C)-3S-(5C)-P [not forcing]

If the opponents bid to 4M, we are in a force only if we have shown gameinvitational values and have established a fit

If the opponents bid to below 4M, but above 3 of our primary suit, we are never ina force

Otherwise, passes are forcing if we have shown game invitational strength but notforcing if we have not shown game invitational strength

Examples: 1H-(2D)-X-(3D)-P [not forcing]1H-X-XX-(3D)-P [forcing]

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50/65

Opps Open in a Suit

We Takeout Double

Q-bid by advancer is forcing to 2NT or suit agreement (on by PH). After advancer Q-bids, his new suits are forcing, and his raise is invitational only

Jumps to 4NT after they preempt and we double are natural. Must Q-bid first toask for aces.

Our 3NT when it cant possibly be our hand suggests a save a raise is not save-suggestive.

If we takeout double and then raise from 1 to 2 it doesnt promise extras. Raisefrom 2 to 3 in comp not extras if Q-bid was available and RHO bid.

New minor by doubler after NT response is NF new major is extras but NF

If we takeout double and respond with a jump, the doublers new suit is GF

If we takeout double and convert a non-jump in clubs to diamonds, then it is NF(ELCD). But if you takeout double and convert a free bid or jump bid in clubs todiamonds then it is forcing with extras.

(1 )-X-(2 )-2 is a Q-bid

After our takeout double we play responsive doubles in all suits. If responder tothe takeout double bids their responders suit, it is natural. If he bids openerssuit, it is a Q-bid.

If takeout doubler acts after a jump response or a free bid, then all bids are forcing(1NT/2NT promise extras), but

Doublers non-jump NT after responders Q-bid does not promise extras

(1M) X (2M) 2NT = natural, X = responsive

(1any) X (2any) Jump = extras

(P) P (1 ) X

(1NT) ? X=Penalty, 2C=pick a major invite, 3D = preemptive

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51/65

Opps Open in a Suit

We Overcall

(1M) bid (2M) 2NT = natural and X = responsiveIf we have 2 Q-bids, cheaper one shows lessWe overcall and they respond 1NT or 2NT double by advancer is responsiveJump Q = mixed raiseOvercallers repeat of his suit on the 2-level does not necessarily promise morethan a WJOIf we Q-bid and they double, return to suit is weakest

New suit is forcing by UPH.Jump response to overcall: if their next hand passes, then jumps to next level areforcing. (Jumps to 2 levels higher are fit-showing). If their next hand bids, then

jumps show fit.Direct Michaels Q-bid = 2 highest unbid suits. Michaels is also on if they open

one of a suit and respond 1NT. Balancing 3 is natural and intermediate.Sandwich 1NT always for 2 unbid. We are never showing their minor even over short club or diamond.Passed hand can never show a new suit at the 3-level it is always forcing witha fit.If they open weak 2, passed around to our balance, then advancers 3-level bidsall promise a fit and are forcing (treat advancer as PH)

Rubens advances apply. All bids between/including the cue-bid of their suitand one less than our suit are transfers. Transfer to our suit shows at least agood raise (about 3 cover cards). Transfer followed by a bid of our suit

shows 5+ cards in the suit transferred to and two-card support. Rubensadvances also apply when we have overcalled in the balancing position andopener passes.

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52/65

Opps Open in a Suit

Other

Jump to 2NT in balancing seat = 18-20 front of card (2NT responses)including runouts if doubled.FOC after 1NT in the balancing seat, including runouts if doubled.Our splinter or fit-showing jump after overcall does not set up forcing passIf they open 1m and overcalling seat passes, then later bids that minor, its naturalIf they make weak jump response, double = takeout; 2NT = naturalThey open and raise: try to balance in direct seat doesnt promise HCP, justshape. 2NT overcalls can show any two suits.2NT after our WJO asks naturally for shortness (but after balancing JO, itsnatural)If we overcall 4M, jump or not, we cant play in a new suit. New suit is a naturalcuebid except 1 over is RKC.If we overcall 1NT, responders x-fer into their major is invitational in the other major (not on if weve opened 1C).(1D) P (1NT) P (P) D = Penalty, 2D = natural(1D) X (1NT) 2D = majors, could be very light, no rebid promised.Cuebids of their minor in competition are natural if it is conceivable they might benatural however, two of their minor after an overcall is always a cuebid.If we overcall their opening, overcallers cuebid is never natural, even if advancer

bid 1NT. Only exception: if their 1D opening was Precision or could have beenshorter than 3.

They open, we preempt, they bid (or raise) advancers double is penalty.Over our Michaels, if they double:

Pass = pick a suit (equal length)XX = Relay to cheapest suit (showing preference with no high honor)Direct bid of suit = Queen or better This applies only when we are scrambling to 2 known suits

Jump responses are preemptive

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53/65

They Open Strong 1NT

Vs. all strong NT (top of range is 15+) and strong 2NT:

(By PH or UPH)Double = 1 suit (if spades, good hand) (if they bid, double asks for our suit if 2 or lower was their bid)All other bids show that suit plus a higher suit2NT = big major/minor 2-suiter 3NT = big hand, both majors

In response to 2 overcall, 2NT = good raise, new suits are also raises with values

They open 1NT and weve made a 2-suited overcall responders new non-touchingsuit is to play (unless he is PH). Responders double at any level asks for other suit.Responders bids are non-convertible.

If opener doubles and then shows his suit, advancers new suit bids are game try fits, and2NT is a good raise.

Over DONT overcalls, 2NT is asking:After 2 overcall and 2NT ask,

3 = minimum, then 3 is P/C3X = that suit, maximum

After 2 overcall and 2NT ask,3 = minimum with 3 = minimum with

3M = that suit, maximum

After 2 overcall and 2NT ask,3 = minimum, longer/better 3 = minimum, longer/better 3M = maximum, longer/better in that suit

(1N)-P-(P)-2 -(P)-3 Splinter in support of either major

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They Open Weak 1NT

Vs. all weak NT (top of range is


55/65

They Open Natural PreemptThese are also on where applicable over (2X) P (2NT)

Vs. 2 2NT = 15+ to 18 (FOC; 2NT responses)

3 = majors (not GF) 4 /4 tying slam try raises3M = intermediate NF (FP if they bid to 5-level) (3M=weak over 11-15)3NT = to play 4 /4 transfers, 4 natural slam invite4 = +major, GF 4 asks major, 4M = own suit4 = majors, good hand4NT = natural, stronger than 3NT

Vs. 2 2NT = 15+ to 18 (FOC) x-fer to their major = inv in other major 3 = asks for stopper (long minor)3 = intermediate3NT = to play 4 transfer, 4 natural slam invite4 = + , GF 4 = good , 4 = good 4 = + , GF 4 = good , 5 = good 4 = minors GF4NT = natural, stronger than 3NT

Vs. 2 2NT = 15+ to 18 (FOC) x-fer to their major = inv in other major 3 = asks for stopper (long minor)3NT = to play 4 transfer, 4 natural slam invite

4 = + , GF4 = + , GF4 = minors GF4NT = natural, stronger than 3NT

Cuebids, 4m jumps all set up forcing pass except (2 )-3 .Vs. 2 Precision, 4 =Leaping Michaels, i.e. diamonds + Major Balancing 2NT by our passed hand is always takeout

Forcing pass if their PH jumps to game over 3 rd seat preempt(3 ) X ( 5 ) by their UPH is never a forcing pass

After 3NT overcall: 4 asks:4 = minimum 1-suiter 4 = maximum 1-suiter 4 = minimum balanced4NT = maximum balanced

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They Preempt More

They open 3 4 = both majors 4 = pick a major 4 = +M, GF 4 = P/C also on in balancing seat4NT = natural

They open 3 4 = natural4 = any 2 suits4NT = natural

They open 3M4m = natural4Qbid = any 2 suits

4NT = natural

They open 4 4NT = takeoutX = takeout, but flatter

Leaping Michaels must be a jump to 4m (on vs. 2 intermediate)Vs. weak 2s we play Lebensohl in all seats and by PH, but not if we are both PH(then 2NT is scrambling). Fast 3NT shows doubt (1 stopper). Slow Q-bid shows3NT bid with 4 cards in other major(s).Jump to 3M after takeout double is invitational with 5 cards.

(2M) X (XX) our pass says nothing, 2NT is running with 2 suits.

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They Make Artificial Bid

Vs. Big Club: CRASH (X=C olor; 1 =Ra nk; 1NT= SH ape)Advancer bids notrump (or redoubles) with his own single-suiter all other callsare P/C.

(1 ) P ( 1 ) CRASH still on using X, 1NT, 2(1 ) P ( 1M ) CRASH still on using X, 1NT, 2 when 1M is artificial

(1 ) P ( 1M natural) X = takeout1NT = minors

(1 ) P ( 1NT ) DONT bids

(1 ) P ( 2X ) X = takeout if natural, that suit if artificial2NT = any 2 suiter

If they double or redouble our CRASH bidPass = attempt to play thereBids = P/CRedouble or NT = 1-suiter

Passing then bidding over 1 shows good hand (except in OBAR situations).

After our natural 1-level bid, 1NT = Q-bidAfter our natural 2-level bid, 2NT asks for shortness

If they open an either/or club (could be strong), treat as natural

If they bid 1 -1 -1NT, we use DONT in both positions, but X is penalty.

Versus strong artificial 2 , we use CRASH direct and over 2 response

Versus FlanneryDouble = cards2 = 3-suit takeout2 = natural2NT = natural, playing tricks, over this 3m=NF

3m = natural

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Vs. Precision 2 Double = cards (13-15 or 19+)2NT = 16-18

Vs. Multi 2 Double = 13-15 (Jump by advancer after their responder acts is GF)2M = naturalAll other bids = natural (FOC after 2NT overcall)If we overcall in a major, bid of other major is Q-bidJump to 3M = good hand, natural, NFBalancing doubles are light takeout(2 ) X (2M ) X = cards(2 ) X (2M ) 2NT = minors(2 ) P (2M ) X = penalty OR takeout also applies if they bid 3M or 4M

Vs. Other Artificial PreemptsOver multiple meaning bids, double is generally cards (13-15 or 19+)2NT is natural (16-18) FOCAll subsequent doubles by either are cards with 2+ in suit doubled

Vs. 2 Random Preempt3 = majors3 / = transfer 3 = long minor if they respond 2NT, same system

if they respond 3 3 = majors

Vs. SplintersDouble by us asks for lead of highest suitBUT if only 1 other suit in picture it asks for lead of splinter suitDouble of 3 splinter suggests sacrifice, if we had no chance to mention spades(1 ) 2 (4 ) X = save suggestDouble of artificial shortness-showing bid asks for lead of that suit

Vs. Their 4M OpeningDouble = takeout

4NT = any 2-suiter

Vs. NAMYATSDouble = light takeoutPass then double = stronger takeoutQ-bid = 2-suit takeout

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Vs. Drury and other artificial raisesDouble = the artificial suitQ-bid, or pass then double = takeout

Vs. Precision DiamondTreat as natural, with two exceptions:

(1 ) P (1M ) our double is takeout of major (1 ) 1any (1NT ) diamond bids from either side are natural

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Slam Conventions Kickback RKC Note: Using 1430 Responses

General: try to cuebid to set the suit before bidding kickback, or it may be taken asnatural or something else.

There are never two trump suits.Keycard IF AND ONLY IF:

Suit is bid and raisedJump to one-over (onto 4-level)Support has been implied (preference, guaranteed 8-card fit)We have introduced suit for 1 st time at 4-levelWe takeout double and then bid 4NT over partners response

When hearts are agreed, 4 is always kickback and 4NT is a spade cue-bid. This appliesto (1m)-2m-(3m)-4m-4H-4S.

In auctions involving hearts and diamonds, 4D is RKC for diamonds and 4H is natural.

If we are on 3-level, with agreed trump suit, jump to 4NT is never ace asking must Q- bid and then bid 4NT. Immediate jump to 4NT is quant.

If one player voluntarily bypasses BW, he can no longer bid BW his BW sounding bids become replacement cuebids or D-I.

Responder can never bid past 6NT on his own.

Six of unplayable suit after KCB asks for 3 rd round control for grand.

K asks, Q asks: return to trump suit denies.

Fake queen ask, followed by one over, is very serious try for seven (failure to fake ask for queen is just a courtesy try)

With clubs trump, after 4 Kickback, 4NT is a queen ask unless there is another available.

Over (0,1)/(3,4) responses and signoff, responder must bid on with 3 or 4 (except 2NTopening).

If responder has a void, he may only show it if Blackwooder will know where it is.He shows a void by making his normal response 1 level higher next step is then aninvitation to 7.

Do not treat singletons as kings when responding to KB.

When they double 4NT: XX = businessPass = extras, then XX re-asksBids = normal meanings, but no extras

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Slam Conventions

After NT, in competition, 4 is Gerber if they bid 2NT or lower, otherwise 5 is Gerber.

Preempt Keycard

4 after preempts except 4 after 3 , 4NT after 3NT.STEP 1 0 keycardsSTEP 2 1 keycard, no trump queenSTEP 3 1 keycard, trump queenSTEP 4 2 keycards, no trump queenSTEP 5 2 keycards, trump queen

After which one over the trump suit is back on track for king ask. Not on in any competition.

Grand Slam Force must be a jump to 5NT.6 of trump suit = no honor

The more you have, the less you bid.If in doubt, 5NT is pick-a-slam, not GSF

Exclusion BWMust be a jump above game, or any ace-asking bid by the person who voluntarily made asplinter bid as his previous call and heard a sign-off. If the splinter bidder hearsencouragement, his ace-asking bid is not exclusion.4NT replaces Kickback calls as Exclusion: 1D-2C-2D-4N is Exclusion keycard in hearts.

Responses are 0,1,2 keycards no queen. Why?

5NT Pick a Slam

Used frequently, try to be careful and logical in responding.Assume 5NT is always pick a slam, never GSF.

4NT QuantitativeBids over this are forcing to at least 5NT if 4NTers next bid is 5NT thats pick-a-slam. Bids over 4NT are natural 5X then 6X shows 5 cards, 6X directly shows 6cards.

Soloway Jump Shifts (only 1 / -2 )Responders second new suit shows shortness with fit for openers suit.If opener raises responders major, then new suit is Q-bid not splinter.

Opener should not rebid NT at his first turn with a singleton.

DOPI (D=1,4 P=0,3 Bid=2, etc.) through and including 5

DEPO at 5 and higher

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Slam Conventions

Our Jumps to 5-levelJump to new suit above game is exclusion RKCJump to 5 of trump suit asks for control in unbid suit

5NT = guarded king

6 of trump suit = stiff other responses show 1 st round control and show #KC outside asked suit(0-3, 1-4, 2)

Nonjump raise from 4 to 5 shows worry about their suit

4 /4 RKC

Usually used over 4x1 with known HCP Not used over unlimited hands4 forces 4 to make a natural slam try4 forces 4 to sign off

4 is RKC in lowest suit partner has shown4 is RKC in middle suit4NT is RKC in highest suit5 level shows # of keycards and desire to play in singleton suitFollow-up If possible to get back on track (i.e. bid one over the trump suit) then thatasks for specific kings. If not possible to bid one over, then repeat of the RKC ask suitasks for plain # of kings.Example 1 -3 -3 -3 shows 4-4-4-1, so 3 is natural F, 3NT is natural, 4-level isthese RKC asking methods.

CRASH for Aces, Kings and Queens after relay sequences

1st step 1 or 42nd step 0 or 33 rd step 2, same color4 th step 2, same rank (i.e. majors or minors)5 th step 2, same shape (i.e. + , or + )

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Slam Conventions

Not playing Serious 3NT

Cuebidding

Never bypass a control when cue-bidding at the 4-level or higher. If a suit is bypassed,

partner will sign off when lacking a control in that suit. If we do bypass and then bidagain, the focus is on the first suit cue-bid.

Cuebids of their suits when it is definitely our hand:Usual priority is assumed to be stopper search for 3NTIf in a GF, do not make advance cuebids just raise the suit immediatelyIf in a GF, the advance cuebid followed by support denies primary support it

shows a futzing around type of hand.

In GF fit situations, cuebid your cheapest A or K (not shortness). Later cuebids in a suit,if available, can show the shortness.

In the middle of a cue-bidding sequence, when 4NT is obviously not blackwood, 4NTis D-I meaning continue cue-bidding as cheaply as possible.

OtherJumps to 4M in auctions where we have already bid the major are always fast arrival,denying slam interest.

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Asking Bids

Trump Asking BidsOnly in big club auctions:

1 -1M-2M (on in comp as long as opener got to raise 1M to 2M)S1=5-6/0, S2=5/1, S3=5/2, S4=6/1, S5=6/2, S6=5-6/3

1 -1NT-2 -2 / or 2 -2 -2 -2 -3 / JACK ASK when suit bidS1=0/3, S2=1/3, S3=1/3 + J, S4=2/3, S5=2/3 + J, S6=3/3, S7=3/3+J

Control Asking BidsAsk below 5 : S1=none, S2=2 nd, S3=1 st, S4=AK Subsequent ask in same suit: S1=length, S2=strengthWe can play in 3NT after TAB or Jack ask, but not after Jacoby 2NT asks

Other 1H-1S-3D-4C is a cuebid in support of diamonds (no new trump suits at 4-level).

1H-1S-3D-4D is keycard because no other unambiguous ask.

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Defensive Carding

Upside down count, attitude and suit preference.First discard odd-even, subsequent discards current count.Low odd is most encouraging, low even more encouraging than high even.When splitting honors, play lowest unless trying to send unusual message.

In middle of hand, give upside down attitude, except on shifts to the king in cashoutsituations give upside down count.In middle of hand shift to current 3 rd and 5 th.

Leads against SuitLow from odd, 3 rd from even.

Rusinow honor leads, lower of touching honors except with a doubleton

Q from AKQ

Leads vs. NT4th bestRusinow honor leads, including from interior sequence

Trick 1 vs. SuitsIf cant beat dummy give upside down suit preferenceWith a doubleton, always play the most encouraging card no logic allowed!

Trick 1 vs. NTAlways give upside down count except:

On lead of Aor K give upside down suit preferenceOn lead of 3 rd hands suit give upside down suit preferenceIf dummy has suit triple stopped give upside down suit preference

Later Carding vs. SuitsHigh-low in trumps is usually upside down suit preference; only exception iswhen ruff is possibleIn general, give attitude ( upside-down ) in middle of hand.Only card that demands count in middle of hand is king.Follow with 9 from J98x, J from J109x, 10 from 1098x, 9 from 109xx, 8 from98xx.Lead of K from obvious AK followed by switch shows singleton.During hand, if ruff is possible, signal low from xx to encourage.

Later Carding vs. NTReverse Smith Echo Low-High means we like suit lead, except:

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