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OXIDATION NUMBERS OF

NITROGEN

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OBJECTIVES

Study the redoks reacto! o"!trc acd a!d !trate sa#ts$ theredoks recto! o" !trc acd a!d

redoks reacto!s o" a%%o!a a!da%%o!a o!s

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!troducto!

Ntro&e! co!ta!ed ! the "ree at%os'here( )* + ,y -o#u%e . / Besdes the at%os'hereca! a#so co!ta! a s%a## a%ou!t o" a%%o!aas a resu#t o" cha!&es to the su,sta!ce

co!ta!!& !tro&e! or !trc acd $ es'eca##ya"ter ha#o#o!tar / Ntro&e! are a#so ! sa#tssuch as sodu% a!d 'otassu% !trate /Net0ork or&a!1ato!s #-!& !tro&e!2co!ta!!& co%'ou!ds ! the "or% o" 'rote!/ Nu%,ers oksdar !tro&e! ca! ,e see! !ta,#e

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Bilangan Oksidasi Senyawa

-3 NH3( ammonia)

-2 N2H4 (hidrazin)

-1 NH2OH (hidroksilamin)

0 N2 (dinitrogen)

+1 N2O (dinitrogen oksida)

+2 NOnitrogen oksida)

+3 N2O3 (dinitrogen trioksida)

+4 NO2 (nitrogen dioksida)

+5 HNO3 (asam nitrat)

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Redo3 (reducto! 4 o3dato!. s a ter% thatdescr,es the cha!&e ! o3dato! !u%,er

(o3dato! state. ato%s ! a che%ca# reacto!/ Ths ca! ,e ether a s%'#e redo3 'rocess such as

the o3dato! o" car,o! to ye#d car,o! do3de$ orcar,o! reducto! ,y hdr&e! %!&as#ka! %etha!e(C56.$ or t ca! ,e a co%'#e3 'rocess such as the

o3dato! o" su&ar ! the hu%a! ,ody throu&h aseres o" co%'#e3 e#ectro! tra!s"er/

 The ter% redo3 co%es "ro% the t0o ko!se'reducto! a!d o3dato!/ 5e ca! ,e eas#y e3'#a!ed

as "o##o0s7O3dato! descr,es the re#ease o"e#ectro!s ,y a %o#ecu#e$ ato%$ or o!/Reducto!descr,es the addto! o" a! e#ectro! ,y a %o#ecu#e$ato%$ or o!/

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Ntro&e! (8at! !tru%$ 9u!a! Ntro!es #a!&ua&e%ea!s :soda as#:$ &e!es %ea!s :"or%!&:. 0as

o;ca##y dsco-ered ,y Da!e# Ruther"ord ! 3ed/

Ntro&e! e#e%e!ts ca! ha-e se-era# o3dato!!u%,ers$ ?@$ $ 2 0hch s a o3dato! !u%,er

three %ost co%%o! a!d sta,#e a%o!& others/ There are t0o co%%o! !tro&e! o3y acd$ !a%e#y

!trc acd (5NO. a!d !trous acd (5NO=./

Ntrc acd s a stro!& acd a!d a stro!& o3d1!&/

Co!ce!trated !trc acd ca! o3d1e a#%ost a##%eta#s e3ce't Au$ t$ Rh a!d Ir/ Ntrc acd s #esssta,#e tha! !trate acd the a!d te!dds'ro'orso!ate ,e NO a!d 5NO/ (hrsta!$ =

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Eu'%e!t a!d %atera#s

Eu'%e!t

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Hork !structo!

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,/ 5eat!& o" !trate sa#t

5eat a so#dNO ! test

tu,e

I! a dere!t testtu,e$heat the Cu(NO .

= so#d/ Cek the &as

a!d resuda# so#ds&e!erated ! a test

tu,e

O,ser-e thecha!&e that

occurate ! ,othtu,es

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c/ Ntrate reducto! ! a#ka#!e so#uto!

I!sert !to a test

tu,e = %# o" =M5NO a!d @%# o"

d#ute NaO5so#uto!

Add < 'eces o"%eta# A#$ tha!

reheat/ Check the&as &e!eratedus!& #t%us

'a'er

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=/ Redo3 reacto! o" !trous acd

a/ For%ato! a!d redoks reacto!s o"!trc acd

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Re"r&erate