Overview of the new LOC & PAS TSI and EN 45545 · Overview of the new LOC & PAS TSI and the EN 45545 standard 11th Annual Fire Protection of Rolling Stock Conference Jonas Wedholm

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Overview of the new

LOC & PAS TSI and

the EN 45545 standard

11th Annual Fire Protection of Rolling Stock Conference

Jonas Wedholm

Bombardier Transportation

Fire Safety Manager - Chief Technical Office (CTO)

Date: 18.03.2015

Objectives and Results,

Opportunities and

Challenges

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Title

Agenda

INTRODUCTION

LEGISLATIVE ROADMAP IN EU & GLOBAL OUTLOOK FOR EN 45545

OBJECTIVE AND RESULTS, OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

HOW DOES BT SUPPORT THE INTRODUCTION OF THE STANDARD?

WHAT CAN THE INDUSTRY DO TO EASE THE INTRODUCTION?

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6 SUMMARY

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BOMBARDIER

Overview

Introduction to BT

3 11th Annual Fire Protection of Rolling Stock Conference - 18.03.2015 - Berlin - Jonas Wedholm

World’s only manufacturer of both planes and trains - with a worldwide workforce of ~ 76,400* people

Bombardier Transportation

• Headquarters in Berlin, Germany

• Presence in 40 countries

• ~ 38,500 employees

• Customers in more than 60 countries

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Legislative Roadmap

Future Regulatory Environment for Rolling Stock in EU


Directive

2008/57/EC

“Define the results to be achieved without dictating

the means”

Legal act transposed in national law

LOC & PAS TSI

Defines the mandatory requirements and the

technical standards required in order to satisfy the

essential requirements in the Directive

Are law

Standards: EN 45545

“Provides requirements, measures and verification of characteristics for activities or their results. Satisfies the

requirements in the TSI”

Law when an EN standard is quoted in a TSI

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Legislative Roadmap

When is EN 45545 Voluntary or Mandatory?

Transition periods acc. to European legislation

Legislative Roadmap

Rules related to the TSI Certification Process


TSI SRT

TSI HS RST

TSI CR LOC & PAS

Revised TSI SRT (Fire Safety requirements for Rolling Stock transferred to TSI RST)

TSI “LOCOMOTIVES AND PASSENGER RST” (Merged HS and CR LOC & PAS)

EN 45545

released 2013

TSI RST & TSI SRT

entering into force 2015

EN 45545

EN 45545 Voluntary Application

2018

Transitional Period: EN 45545 Voluntary Permitted to apply the verification of conformity to the notified

national rules

EN 45545: Mandatory if certification process is

initiated after 2018

For projects at an advanced stage of development, rolling stock of an existing design and contracts that were signed before the date of application of the revised TSI, may apply

transition rules in accordance with the TSI regulations

TSIs

Notified national rules

Conflicting with EN 45545

shall be withdrawn mid 2016

2015 2013

Phase A:

Type or design examination certificates and Definition of

Assessment Basis (max 7 years)

Phase B:

Period of validity of the type examination

(valid for 7 years, even if a revision of the TSIs comes into force)

Where we are today

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Legislative Roadmap

CEN/TC 256/WG 01 Roadmap for Revising EN 45545


Where we are today

EN 45545:2013 Amendments

2014-04

WG01

TF Seat

TF Toxicity

TF FCCS

TF WG01

2015 2018

Revision of EN 45545-1 to 7

EN 45545:2018

EN 45545 Revision Schedule

UAP Enquiry (Unique Acceptance Procedure for amendments)

CEN Enquiry (Processing and distribution of a draft for CEN)

FV Enquiry (Editing and voting of a final draft )

EN 45545 amendments published in March 2015

EN “FCCS”:2018

Notes:Seat and Toxicity annexes are being separated from EN 45545-2, FCCS - Fire control and Containment Systems

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Global Outlook

Where is EN 45545 foreseen to be applied?


• Overview based on customer ITT:s (Invitation to Tender)

• EN 45545 foreseen to replace the national standards currently specified in Asian, Pacific, Middle East and South American bids

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Objectives and Results, Opportunities and Challenges

Objective of the 2008/57/EC Directive


Directive

2008/57/EC

“establishing a common approach to safety and interoperability rules to increase economies of scale for railway undertakings active across the EU; decreasing administrative costs and accelerating administrative procedures; and by avoiding disguised discrimination”

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Meeting the safety objective – National Statistics


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68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95Années

Fire incidents in France 1968-95

Fire incidents in UK 2004-12

Fire Incidents • The trend show a decrease in

incidents since the introduction of the

national fire safety standards

• Decrease in incidents is also related to

the revision of electrical standards

Shall be kept in mind that: • Rail authorities operates trains on a

lifespan of up to 30-40 years

Meaning that part of the vehicle

fleets are not assessed in

accordance with the existing

standards or TSI regulations

Refurbishment programs

however bring existing fleets up

to speed by introducing products

compliant to the new standards

and norms

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Meeting the safety objective – European Statistics


Serious incidents in Europe 2006-2013

ERAIL Statistics 2005-2015: (Note that vandalism are excluded in the statistics)

• 83 fire in RS incidents since 2005

• 3 incidents with fatalities, 2 freight

trains, 1 passenger train which

entered into service prior to existing

TSI regulations and fire safety

standards

• Fire incidents constitutes 1 % of the

serious railway incidents in Europe

Fire in Rolling Stock Incidents

The European standard with its holistic

approach to fire safety is well suited to

further maintain high levels of safety

The statistics indicates that the ultimate

objective of enabling safe evacuation of

passengers and personnel is met

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Overview of Authorisation Rules

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NTR – National Technical Rules, SC – Specific Cases

11th Annual Fire Protection of Rolling Stock Conference - 18.03.2015 - Berlin - Jonas Wedholm

TSI

LOC & PAS

Standards:

EN 45545

compliance EC declaration

of verification

NoBo assessment:

NTR:s

SC:s

compliance

NSA/DeBo assessment:

• NTRs are not permitted to supplement

TSIs regarding performance, nor repeat

requirements in the TSI:s

Note that the new TSI extends the scope to the whole European Network!

• Precondition for harmonisation and

synergies is an equal application of the

regulatory framework, such as LOC &

PAS TSI, EN 45545 etc. in all member

states, without additional requirements

on national level

Vehicle Authorised

for service

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Challenges - Assessments of Design and Functions

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CSM – Common Safety Method, RAC-TS – Risk Acceptance Criteria for Train Systems


A vehicle authorised

for service here Major risks currently seen and experienced: • Different views on aspects as Safety Integrity Levels on

functions imply project risks, especially as assessors often

have varying expectations

Fire detection and automated control functions

Functions for traction and brake control

• Different views on the methodology and application of methods

such as CSM and RAC-TS implies direct project risk for vehicle

manufacturers due to varying expectations and requirements

• Harmonisation is required to minimise differences and

project risks

EN 45545 - Functional and design requirements: The EN 45545 standard promotes safety through a holistic

approach in which design and functional requirements are as

important as material requirements

May it operate in service

here without risking design

alterations in another

assessment process?

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Challenges


A Changing market…

Past:

• Large state controlled operators with engineering departments

• Larger vehicle orders

More margin for customer specific designs

Less sensitive to risks from the authorisation process

Present and future:

• Mix of operators, local operators to national majors or global majors

• Operators move into procurement organisations with reliance on technical consultants

• Smaller operators perform joint procurements through consortiums

• Smaller vehicle orders

Dependent on harmonised standards and unification

Requires more standardised designs

Higher demands on the authorisation process

…Requires an effective regulatory framework

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Opportunities in line with the objective

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NoBo – Notified Body, ISA – Independent Safety Assessor, IFE – Independent Fire Expert


A common standard and base of requirements promotes:

• Innovations and new material technologies

Increased market with larger potential volumes

Lower cost for product development and certification

• An increased supplier base

Through fewer entry barriers

Increased market with volumes worth investing in Outlook promotes a global market

• Efficient engineering

Can fully utilise the strengths of a global organisation (sharing of knowledge, best practices etc.)

Can develop harmonised design solutions for a global market

Can optimise the products further and thereby also the performance over time

• A harmonised authorisation process

1. Common requirements for verification promotes a common understanding of the level of detail

required when demonstrating compliance

2. Promotes less varying requirements from assessors as NoBo:s, ISA:s and IFE:s

3. Promotes reproducible assessment results

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Opportunities – Tooling Initiatives within BT - ELSA


Establish a global database for material management

– RAM/LCC data

– fire safety certificates and test reports

– Ecodesign data, etc.

Objective:

– Pre-approve and list suitable materials for use in projects through filtering capabilities

– Support the development of project deliverables

– Support sharing of information globally between sites and projects

– Enable suppliers to provide data through a online supplier portal accessible through a web interface

In anticipation of the online supplier portal

can fire safety certificates and product

data be supplied to:

[email protected]

Project data from 3 projects, 14 different insulation materials used or evaluated for use

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What does Bombardier do to Support the Introduction?

Design and Build Trains


FLEXITY 2 TRAXX AC3

V300ZEFIRO Aventra

C30 Metro

Omneo

ET490

• Locomotives

• Trams

• Metros

• Intercity / Regional Trains

• Double Deck Trains

• High Speed Trains

Existing vehicle platforms are analysed on a project-to

project basis and a few vehicle platforms are being

transitioned to full EN 45545 compliance (materials)

Vehicle platforms designed to CEN/TS, prEN, or EN 45545:

New vehicle platforms are in general being

developed in accordance with EN 45545

Talent 2

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What does Bombardier do to Support the Introduction

Standardisation through UNIFE


Harmonised templates established:

• UNIFE EN 45545 FCIL template – When declaring combustible materials and their test reports

• Manufacturer Declaration template – “When prolonging the validity period of test reports”

http://www.unife.org/standardisation/53-fire-safety-tg.html

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UNIFE Initiatives

Fire Certificate Inventory List - EN 45545 FCIL


• Enables the industry to use one format for declaring combustible materials:

Contractual deliverables in projects

Authorisation processes

• A standardised format provides benefits as

Continuous quality improvement over time

Also establishes a common acceptance level in the industry (level of detail required)

Note: The template share the same BOM level structure as the UNIFE MDT template (EcoDesign)

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UNIFE Initiatives

Manufacturer Declaration

“in case there is no change in the product characteristics and manufacturing process, and no change in the requirements (TSI), it is not required to perform new testing of this material; the certificate needs only to be updated regarding its date of issue”


TSI LOC & PAS, 4.2.10.2.1 Material requirements:

• Template for extending the validity period of fire certificates

• One manufacturer declaration per product or product series

Major change in the TSI !

Manufacturer Declaration:

Prerequisites for an extension of the validity period:

• no change in the product characteristics or composition of the

material

• no change in the manufacturing process

• test certificates shall be listed in the declaration

• tests shall be issued by labs accredited to ISO 17025

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What can the Industry do to Ease the Introduction?

What is a vehicle project?

20

• The design parameters depend on;

Legislative requirements, standards and norms

Infrastructure and operational environment

– Tunnel lenghts and evacuation capabilities

– Supply line system and voltages

– Climate challenges

Customer requirements

– Design

– Comfort

– EcoDesign (REACH, controlled substances, etc.)

– RAMS

– Mission profile and operation mode (automatic)

A vehicle project is essentially a 2-3 year optimisation problem

Where the design, functional requirements and materials are adapted to

the specific conditions applicable for the project

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With regards to fire safety certificates

In the optimisation problem a few parameters can be removed if

product data and compliant certification are readily available

Fire Safety and Ecodesign data are two of these parameters

Full fire safety certification and Ecodesign documentation, such as

MSDS and MDT data, enable products to be pre-approved for

vehicle projects

Pre-approved products enable the vehicle manufacturers to focus

on other aspects, such as optimisation of weight, durability,

acoustic, thermodynamic requirements,etc.


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With regards to fire safety certificates

Suppliers of products or base materials:

– Full certification of the products where test results are shown in the reports

– Tested for the thinnest and thickest application supplied (where applicable)

– Indicative tests of the product even though end use testing is required

– Take responsibility for the validity period of certificates if products are supplied to the industry

– Beneficial to make the data available online

System suppliers

– Use and maintain data on the UNIFE FCIL for the scope of supply

– Test reports available and maintained with regards to validity periods

Consortium contracts

– Use the UNIFE templates to share data between stakeholders

Authorisation

– Use the UNIFE templates when assessing compliance to the fire behavior requirements


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With regards to small electrotechnical components


Opportunity: 3rd party Certification through Underwriters Laboratories QPL Database • Safety consulting and certification company

• Issuer of industry safety standards for electrical and electronic products

• The standards require the same test method for flammability tests

• Maintains a Qualified Product List where certified products or materials are listed in a database

• Identification details required: UL File Number: E41871

Commercial reference: KR4205, C3U

• Fire Classification Required:

UL 94: V0

• Deliverables:

Data listed in the UNIFE FCIL

Datasheets provided (Yellow Card)

Demonstration of Compliance:

Requirements in EN 45545-2:

Datasheet

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SUMMARY & CONCLUSIONS

• Statistics demonstrate that the existing regulatory framework meet the safety objectives

• The new regulatory framework responds to the need of a changing market

• The framework increase the economies of scale while promoting competition

• A harmonised standard tear down the barriers to entry and increase the potential market

• Fewer barriers to entry and higher potential volumes are foreseen to attract new suppliers

• An increased market promotes safety through new innovations and material technologies


However, a precondition for interoperability and synergies is an equal application of

the regulatory framework in all member states, without adding additional

requirements on national level, and by striving for reproducible authorisation results

• We at Bombardier embrace the possibilities and synergies that follows with the framework

• We support harmonisation through UNIFE with initiatives as the FCIL and Manufacturer Declaration

• We support safety and harmonisation by active participation in the technical committeés

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Q&A ?

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Documents

Overview of the new LOC & PAS TSI and EN 45545 · Overview of the new LOC & PAS TSI and the EN 45545 standard 11th Annual Fire Protection of Rolling Stock Conference Jonas Wedholm