OverviewofTCMClassicsandDoctrines

DaoshingNi

CoursePurpose

•  Thiscoursepresentsanintroduc;ontothemajorTCMdoctrinesandschoolsofthoughtsincludingTaoisthealingarts,focusingonsignificantTCMclassicworks/texts.

•  Byunderstandingtheseconceptsanddoctrines,thestudentswillgainadeeperunderstandingoftheforma;onanddevelopmentofTCMtheoriesandprac;ces.

LearningObjec;ves

•  LearnthehistoryanddevelopmentofthemajorTCMdoctrines,andhowthesedoctrinesinfluencetheevolu;onanddevelopmentofTCM

•  AcquirebasicfamiliaritywithkeyconceptsofmajorTCMdoctrinesandschoolsofthoughts,includingasurveyofimportantphysiciansandtheirworks/texts

•  Understandandbeabletodifferen;ateandapplytheseTCMconceptstoclinicalseMngs

TCMisaconvergence,dis;lla;on,andcollec;onofdifferent

doctrines,theoriesandprac;ces

Prac;cingPhysicians

ClinicalExperience Theories

Prac;cingPhysicians Publica;ons

HistoricalTimeline TCM

TCMDevelopment

Define:Classic•  aworkofartofrecognizedandestablishedvalue."hisbookshave

becomeclassics"•  synonyms:defini;veexample,model,epitome,paradigm,exemplar•  agarmentofasimple,elegant,andlong-las;ngstyle.•  athingthatismemorableandaverygoodexampleofitskind.

"he'shopingthattomorrow'sgamewillbeaclassic“

•  aschoolsubjectthatinvolvesthestudyofancientGreekandLa;nliterature,philosophy,andhistory.

•  theworksofancientGreekandLa;nwritersandphilosophers.

•  amajorsportstournamentorcompe;;on,asingolfortennis.•  "dozensofcelebritygolfersaWendedtheBobHopeDesertClassic"

TCMClassic

•  AnexemplaryworkinTCMthatislonglas;ngandcon;nuestohavegreatimpactonthedevelopmentofTCM.

•  Accordingtotheholdingsin113libraryinChina,therearecurrently12,124countsofTCMdocumentswhichdoesnotincludelonglostones.

•  Somearenewwri;ngs,somearecompila;ons,someareedi;ons,andsomearecommentaries.

Define:Doctrine

•  abelieforsetofbeliefsheldandtaughtbyachurch,poli;calparty,orothergroup."thedoctrineofpredes;na;on"

•  synonyms:creed,credo,dogma,belief,teaching,ideology

•  astatedprincipleofgovernmentpolicy,mainlyinforeignormilitaryaffairs."theMonroeDoctrine"

TCMDoctrine

•  Ateaching/schoolofthoughtsinTCMthathadagreatimpactonthedevelopmentofTCM.

•  Doctrinestendstobeclinicallyrelevantwithestablishedtheories,elabora;onsfromagroupofdoctors,andwellpublisheddocumenta;ons.

PriorKnowledge

andExperience

Ini;a;ngDoctor Publica;on

Suppor;ngDoctors

Suppor;ngPublica;ons Doctrine

DoctrineForma;onProcess

Manyofthesedoctrineshavealreadyintegratedintoyourregularwestern(modern)

educa3onalstructuredcoursework

Theyusuallypresentanoverviewandfrequentlywithoutin-depth

explora;onandhistoricalcontext.

TostudyTCMwell,weneedtohaveadeeperunderstandingofthe

theoriesandprac;cesThiscanbeaccomplishedbystudying

theclassicsandthedoctrines

Asurveyofthesedoctrineswillleadustohaveagoodoverviewofthesephysiciansandtheir

works

GoingtotheSource

TheForma;onRequirementofaTCMDoctrine/SchoolofThoughts

•  Ithasacentralconceptortopic.•  Itisformedbyacentralfigureandexpandeduponbysufficientothers.

•  Itissupportedbypublica;onsthathavecreatedasubstan;alimpactinthedevelopmentofTCMandthesociety.

ByStudyingtheClassics

•  BeWergraspoffundamentalprinciples.•  BeWerunderstandingofhistorical,theore;calandclinicaldevelopment.

•  BeWerclinicaleffec;veness.

ThreeWaystoenhancelearninginTCMClassics

•  Elaborateonthemainconcepts•  Familiarizewiththecharacteris;csandthestoriesofthedoctors

•  Focusonclinicalapplicability•  Focusonoriginaltextreading

HistoricalOutline

Chinese Dynasties Timetable Dynasty/Period A.D. or B.C. (Years)

Zhou Dynasty, Spring-Autumn Period 841 B.C. to 476 B.C. (365 years) Warring States Period 475 B.C. to 221 B.C. (274 years) Qin Dynasty 221 B.C. to 206 B.C. (15 years) Han Dynasty 206 B.C. to 220 A.D. (426 years) Han Dynasty 206 B.C. to 22 A.D. (228 years) Xin Dynasty 23 A.D. to 24 A.D. (1 year) East Han Dynasty 25 A.D. to 220 A.D. (195 years) Three Kingdom Period 220 A.D. to 280 A.D. (60 years) Jin Dynasty and Sixteen Countries Period 266 A.D. to 420 A.D. (154 years) South North Dynasties 420 A.D. to 589 A.D. (169 years) Sui Dynasty 589 A.D. to 618 A.D. (29 years) Tang Dynasty 618 A.D. to 907 A.D. (289 years) Five Dynasties and Ten Countries Period 907 A.D. to 960 A.D. (53 years) Song, Liao, Jin Dynasties 960 A.D. to 1279 A.D. (319 years) North Song Dynasty 960 A.D. to 1126 A.D. (166 years) Liao 960 A.D. to 1125 A.D. (165 years) Jin 1115 A.D. to 1234 A.D. (119 years) South Song Dynasty 1127 A.D. to 1279 A.D. (152 years) Yuan 1279 A.D. to 1368 A.D. (89 years) Ming Dynasty 1368 A.D. to 1644 A.D. (276 years) Qing Dynasty 1644 A.D. to 1911 A.D. (267 years) Modern Era 1912 A.D. to Present Republic of China 1912 A.D. to Present People's Republic of China 1949 A.D. to Present

TheForma;onofTCMSchoolsofThoughts

BeganatSpring-AutumnandWarringStatesEra

Why

•  Socialforceof“HundredSchoolsofThoughts”•  SufficientandstrongTCMFundamentalsforma;on

•  Forma;onofdifferentschoolsofthoughts,twomainones– MedicalClassics医经学派 (YiJingXuePai)– Formulary医⽅方学派 (YiFangXuePai)

MainTCMSchoolsofThoughtsYiXueLiuPai医学流派

1.  DaoYiXuePai道医学派(TaoistMedicineDoctrine) 2.  YiJingXuePai医经学派 (MedicalClassicsDoctrine)3.  YiFangXuePai医⽅方学派 (FormularyDoctrine)4.  ShangHanXuePai伤寒学派 (ColdInjuryDoctrine)5.  HeJianXuePai河间学派 (Fire-HeatDoctrine)6.  YiShuiXuePai易易⽔水学派 (ZangFuDoctrine)7.  GongXieXuePai攻邪学派 (Detoxifica;onDoctrine)8.  DanXiXuePai丹丹溪学派 (YangExcessYinDeficientDoctrine)9.  WenBuXuePai温补学派 (WarmingTonifica;onDoctrine)10. WenBingXuePai温病学派 (WenInjuryDoctrine)11. HuiTongXuePai汇通学派 (Integra;veMedicineDoctrine)

OverviewDescrip;onofTCMDoctrines

DaoJiaYiXue道家医学 (TaoistMedicineDoctrine)

•  Ini;a;ondocumentedduringZhouDynasty,1028BCE

•  CentralTheme:Longevity,DiseasePreven;on,Immortality

•  Doctors:GeHong,SunSimiao,WangBing,ZhangJieBing,etc.

•  Publica;ons:HuangDiNeiJing,DaoZang道藏 (TaoistCannon),QianJinYaoFang 千⾦金金要⽅方,QianJinYiFang 千⾦金金翼⽅方,LeiJing 类经,JingYueQuanShu 景岳全书

YiJingXuePai医经学派(MedicalClassicsDoctrine)

•  SpringAutumnEra•  CentralTheme:Thestudyandelabora;onofNeijingandotherrelatedTCMclassicalliteratures

•  Doctor:Unknown,QinYueRen秦越⼈人,HuaTuo华陀,ZhangZhongJing张仲景,HuangFuMi皇甫谧

•  Publica;ons:HuangDiNeiJing黄帝内经HuangDiBaShiYiNanJing黄帝八⼗十⼀一难经,ZhongZangJing中藏经,ShangHanLun伤寒论,JiaYiJing甲⼄乙经.

YiFangXuePai医⽅方学派 (FormularyDoctrine)

•  SpringAutumnEra•  Twodis;nctcentralthemes(Twobranches)

–  studyofformula;onfromShangHanZaBingLun(ClassicalFormula;onDoctrine–JingFangXuePai)

–  Studyofallexperien;alformula;ons(Experien;alFormula;onDoctrine–YiFangXuePai)

•  ClassicalFormula;onDoctrineCentralTheme:thestudyofformula;onsfromShangHanZaBingLunandHuangDiNeiJing

•  Doctor:ZhangZhongJing张仲景•  Publica;ons:ShangHanZaBingLun伤寒杂病论

–  ShangHanLun伤寒论–  JinKuiYaoLueFangLun⾦金金匮要略略⽅方论

ShangHanXuePai伤寒学派 (ColdInjuryDoctrine)

•  SpringAutumnEra•  CentralTheme:thestudyandelabora;onofdiseasesduetocoldinjury(ColdPathogenesis)

•  Doctor:ZhangZhongJing•  Publica;ons:ShangHanLun伤寒论

HeJianXuePai河间学派 (Fire-HeatDoctrine)

•  1110AD(SongandJinDynas;es)•  CentralTheme:SixPathogenscanalltransformtoFire(FireHeatPathogenesis)

•  Doctor:LiuWanSu刘完素 orLiuHeJian 刘河间

•  Publica;ons:SuWenXuanJiYuanBingShi素问⽞玄机原病式

YiShuiXuePai易易⽔水学派 (ZangFuDoctrine)

•  1151AD•  CentralTheme:ZangFuDifferen;a;onandEarthSchool

•  Doctor:ZhangYuanSu张元素,Li,Gao李杲 (Li,DongYuan李东垣 )

•  Publica;ons:ZhangZhuNan珍珠囊,PiWeiLun脾胃论

GongXieXuePai攻邪学派 (Detoxifica;onDoctrine)

•  1156AD,SongJinDynasty•  Centraltheme:AllDiseasesoriginatesfromToxins,thetreatmentofaWackingtoxins

•  Doctor:Zhang,CongZheng张从正 •  Publica;ons:RuMenShiQin 儒⻔门事亲

DanXiXuePai丹丹溪学派 (YangExcessYinDeficientDoctrine)

•  1281AD•  YuanDynasty•  CentralTheme:YangisfrequentlyexcessiveandYinisfrequentlydeficient,thedevelopmentofXiangHuoLun相火论 (MinisterialFire)

•  Doctor:ZhuZhenHeng朱震亨 (ZhuDanXi朱丹丹溪)

•  Publica;ons:JuFangFaHui局⽅方发挥,GeZhiYuLun格致余论

WenBuXuePai温补学派

(WarmingTonifica;onDoctrine)•  1486AD

•  CentralTheme:Warming/Tonifica;onoftheMingMenFire

•  Doctor:Xue,Ji薛⼰己,SunYiKui孙⼀一奎,ZhaoXianKe赵献可,ZhangJieBin张介宾,LiZhongZi李中梓

•  NeiKeZhaiYao内科摘要,CiShuiXuanZhu⾚赤⽔水⽞玄珠,YiGuan医贯,LeiJing类经,YiZongBiDu医宗必读

WenBingXuePai温病学派

(WenInjuryDoctrine)•  1641AD

•  CentralTheme:WenDisease(infec;ousdiseaseandplaguepathogenesis)

•  Doctor:WuYaoXing吴有性,DaiTianZhang戴天章,YuLin余霖,YeGui叶桂,XueXue薛雪,WuTang吴瑭,WangShiXiong王⼠士雄

•  Publica;ons:WenYiLun温疫论,GuangWenYiLun⼴广温疫论,YiZhenYiDe疫疹⼀一得,WenReLunZhi温热论治,ShiReTiaoBian湿热条辩,WenBingTiaoBian温病条辩,WenReJingWei温热经纬

HuiTongXuePai汇通学派

(Integra;veMedicineDoctrine)•  1573AD

•  CentralTheme–Integra;onofTCMandWesternMedicine•  Doctors:WangAng汪昂,ZhaoXueMin 赵学敏,WangXueQuan王学权,WangQingRen王清任,ChenDingTai陈定泰,WangHongHan王宏翰,ZhuPeiWen朱沛⽂文,TangZongHai唐宗海海,ZhangXiChun张锡纯,YunShuJue恽树珏,LuPengNian陆彭年年

•  Publica;ons:BenCaoBeiYao本草备要,BenCaoGangMuShiYi本草纲⽬目拾拾遗,ChongQingTangSuiBi重庆堂随笔,YiLinGaiCuo医林林改错,YiTanChuanZhen医谈传真,YiXueYuanShi医学原始,HuaYangZangXiangYueZuan华洋脏象约纂,ZhongXiHuiTongYiJingJingYi中⻄西汇通医经精义,YiXueZhongZhongCanXiLu医学衷中参⻄西录,WenYuanJi⽂文苑集,LuShiLunYiJi陆⽒氏论医集

ConcludingSummary

•  Byexploringtherichnessofthismedicaltradi;oncanwetrulyappreciatethedepthandthebreadthofthismedicine.

•  Whatwelearnfromthepastgivesusthefounda;ontomoveforward.ThebeWerunderstandingwehaveabouteachdoctrine,thebeWerwebecomeinourdoctoringskills.