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Overview of Syrian Education
System
Ghada Aldasooqi , Senior Advisor
NOKUT
Education landscape before the crisis
• Syria had extensive education system
• Among the highest literacy rate in the MENA region
over 93%.
• Centralized education system
• Ministry of Higher Education
Statisticshttp://mohe.gov.sy/mohe/index.php?node
=555&cat=4677&
29.01.2019| 2
• About 62% of Syrian students studying abroad
were in Europe.
• There was not gender gap in higher education
• however! current situation in some universities the
number of female students exceeds male students.
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Status of current Education System
• Enrollment rate has significantly fallen from 95 %
prior to 2011 to 50% currently!
• The main provider of education:
• Ministry of Education
• The NGO sector
• The UN agencies
• Almost have a million students sat for national
ninth and twelfth grade exams
Ministry of Education
29.01.2019| 4
• One out of five schools is unfit for use:
o damaged
o totally destroyed
o being used as shelters
• Some areas are more affected in terms of
education: Idlib, Raqqa, Deir –Ezzor, Hama, Darra.
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Overview of Education prior to the crisis
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Map of Syrian Conflict
29.01.2019| 7
http://syria.liveuamap.com/
• The largest public institutions
are located in regime-held
areas (marked in red) on this
map.
• Public universities have smaller
secondary campuses located in
smaller towns and cities, some
of which have had to close
• Some private institutions have
been forced to close down or
move.
Map Source:
www.almasdarnews.com/article/complete
-battle-map-of-syria-mid-october-update/
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The Syrian Civil
War
Map of Higher Education: State universities
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Map of Higher Education: Private Universities
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• The Ministry of Higher Education has taken measures to assist
students affected by the conflict
• Students may transfer to institutions in more stable areaso Substantial movement of students and surge in enrolment at Damascus,
Baath, Tishreen
• Furat University set up Representative Offices on other
campuses. o Furat students could graduate with a Furat University Degree, although the
Degree was awarded at another location in Syria.
• Ministry of Higher Education prioritizes National Standardized
Examinations to promote qualityo Implemented in fields such as Medicine. Pharamacy, odontology.
Ambitions to cover all fields
o Statistics and benchmarking published online.
o Recently suggested requirement: Students will have to pass the National
Unified Exam in order to obtain a degree. 29.01.2019| 13
Primary and Secondary Education
Until 2002
• 6 years of primary + 3 years of preparatory/intermediate + 3
years of upper secondary, generally resulting in the General
Secondary Education Certificate (.شهادة الدراسة الثانوية العامة )
Since 2002
Basic Education Certificate /شهادة الدراسة للتعليم الأساسي -9 years of
basic education
General Secondary Education Certificate شهادة الدراسة الثانوية )
3-( العامة years of secondary education divided into one year of
common core education followed by two years of academic track
education:
Literary
Scientific
29.01.2019| 14
• The general secondary education program leads to Al-
Shahada al-Thânawiyya al-Amma or Baccalauréat.
• General Secondary Certificate has 2 sections:
Literary & Scientific
• literary section access to liberal arts/humanities
• Scientific section access to all fields of studies
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• About 60% of students take GSC while 40% take
Technical Secondary School Education».
• Admission is regulated by MOHE/ Higher Education
Council.
• Admission characters/requirement are modified
every year.
• The admission process is called Mofaddla and the
results are published on the webpage of MOHE.
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Sample: Certified copy of General Secondary Education
Certificate
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Sample: General Secondary Education Certificate
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Sample: Certified copy of General Secondary
Education Certificate
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General Secondary Education
Ministry of
Education
Scientific section
Exam results for the General Secondary Education Certificate
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General Secondary Education Certificate
Scientific Section
Registration No.
by an Education is normally issued in Arabic by an Education
Directorate in the relevant county under the Ministry of Education in
Syria
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Secondary Education Exam Results Online
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Registration No. Stated in
the SSC. Certiftcate.
http://moed.gov.sy/site/ look for النتائج الامتحانات( Exam Results)
Post-Secondary Institutions/TVET Education: «Associate
Degree» مساعد مجاز
• 1970, to provide high-quality mid-level technical
trained cadres to function as assistants to
university trained professionals such as engineers,
dentists etc.
• Under the overall supervision of the Higher Council
of Intermediate Institutes المجلس الاعلى للمعاهدالمتوسطة /
29.01.2019| 23
TVET con.ted
Ministry of Higher Education administers twenty-
seven intermediate institutes affiliated with Syria's
four national universities
sixty-seven institutes are administered by various
other ministries and government agencies.
Ministry of Education administers sixty-six higher
institutes in the areas of teacher training, physical
education, industry, commercial banking, and
women’s crafts.
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TVET con.ted
• Admission: successful completion of secondary
education & achievement of the required cut-off
score on the baccalaureate examination in the
relevant secondary track.
• Duration 2 years: theoretical courses (up to 25% of
the curriculum), technical courses and labs (20–
30% of the curriculum), and applied or practical
subjects (50–60% of the curriculum).
29.01.2019| 25
TVET con.ted
• Students must perform one month of practical
training after each school year.
• Typically, the qualification is awarded as شهادة
دبلوم تقني Technical Diploma Certificate.
• Mainly for employment, some take further studies
at university level at certain conditions.
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Sample: Technical Diploma
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Transcript of Records Technical Diploma
29.01.2019| 28
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Higher Education System in Syria
• Supervision of Ministry of Higher Education
• http://www.mohe.gov.sy/mohe/index.php
• 8 state universities.
• 22 private universities.
• Higher Institutes: 4 under the auspicious of MOHE
and others are affiliated to the universities,
Specialized institutes offering specialized studies, usually
master’s and PhD degrees .
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Ministry of Higher Education
• http://www.mohe.gov.sy/mohe/index.php?node=55
10&cat=1829&
29.01.2019| 32
Higher Education Qualifications
First cycle:
• Ijazah )اجازة Diploma/License) - often translated as
Bachelor
4 years in arts, business and sciences
5 years in most engineering fields and some
professional areas (e.g. dentistry)
6 years in medicine
29.01.2019| 33
Post-graduate level
• Higher Diploma عاليدبلوم 1 year
• Master Degrees:
Majesteer years 2ماجستير
Majesteer Takhasosy يتخصصماجستير 2 -3
years/ spescialized Master
• Phd Degrees / الدكتوراه: minimum 2 - Maximum 4
years
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Ijazah in Sciences, Damascus University
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Graduation Certificate /Mossadakka
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Graduation Certificate /Mossadakka
29.01.2019| 37
Ijazah in Medicine Aleppo University
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Ijazah in Medicine Kalamoon University
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Example: Transcript of Records from
Baath University
29.01.2019| 41
This version
has no
University
logo
Grades
covered with
tape to
prevent
tampering
This
version
has logo
29.01.2019| 42
Documentation Standards
• No point/ credit system, however: private
universities started using credit hours system.
• Academic year is divided in Fall and Spring
semesters; 35 weeks.
• grades: lowest 50 highest 100!
• Usually 13± subjects taken at academic year
29.01.2019| 43
Documentation Standards
• Documents are issued in Arabic (Private institutions
developed bilingual (Arabic/English) formats).
• Grades may be listed in either Arabic or Western
numerals
• Documents are legalized by the issuing authority
• legalization from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
• Syrian educational documents have few or no
security features. 29.01.2019| 44
Verification
• Contact via international office at the university
• Scanned documents sending emails
• Average time to receive an answer is 4 weeks+
29.01.2019| 45
Online verification
• Most Syrian institutions have contact details
available online:
o Damascus University
o http://damascusuniversity.edu.sy/ce/ird/academic-verification
o Baath University
o http://department.albaath-univ.edu.sy/Cultural/
o Tishreen University
o http://tishreen.edu.sy/contact-us
29.01.2019| 46
Verification
o Syrian Virtual University
o https://www.svuonline.org/SVUIS/pages.php?id=6
o Use www.web.archive.org to browse older versions of web
pages (works even if the current version of the web site is
down!)
29.01.2019| 47
• Direct web search: Finding published exam results, lists of
graduates, members of professional organizations etc.
o Requires understanding in Arabic
o Example: List of graduates with Bachelor degrees from the Faculty of
Law, Damascus University, 2015:
http://damascusuniversity.edu.sy/faculties/law/images/stories/news/rerf12015.
• It is often easier to find postgraduate students and their
research than undergraduates.
o Example: Annual Report on Research from Damascus University,
2009:
http://www.damascusuniversity.edu.sy/ce/srd/images/stories/news/rep
ort2009.pdf
29.01.2019| 48
امتحانات كلية الآداب والعلوم الإنسانية
29.01.2019| 49
Thank you for your attention
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