ROMAN NUMERALS

Made by M.Federica De Gasperis –

Teacher of Primary School in IC Leonori di Roma

OUR NUMBER SYSTEM IS CALLED ARABIC

WE HAVE TEN DIGITS

AND WE CAN MAKE AS BIG A NUMBER AS WE WANT

THESE FIGURES ARE SO BECAUSE THE ARABS COUNTED THE CORNERS

THE ROMANS HAD DIFFERENT SYMBOLS FOR

NUMBERS

THE ROMANS HAD NOT SYMBOL FOR ZERO (O)

V + I + I = VIIFIVE + ONE + ONE = SEVEN

IN THIS EXAMPLE THE PRINCIPLE OF ADDITION

IS USED

I 1 one V 5 fiveX 10 tenL 50 fiftyC 100 one hundredD 500 five hundredM 1000 one thousand

ADDITION IN ONLY APPLICABLE WHEN THE FIRST

NUMBER IS GREATER THAN THE SECOND, THIRD …

XI is 11XX is 20XI is 11

LXX is 70CX is 110

MC is 1100

COLOSSEUM

ITS CONSTRUCTION STARTED UNDER EMPEROR VESPASIANO IN

LXXIIAND WAS COMPLETED UNDER TITUS IN

LXXX

ST. PETER BASILICA

THE CONSTRUCTION BEGAN INMDVI

ARC OF COSTANTHINE

DEDICATED IN

CCCXV

GAIUS IULIUS CAESAR

HE WAS BORN IN

CI A.B.AND WAS ASSASINATEDON THE IDES OF MARCH (15 MARCH)

XLIV A.B.

X L I V = 4 4

IN THIS EXAMPLE THE PRINCIPLE OF SUBTRACTION IN USED

SUBTRACTION IN ONLY APPLICABLE WHE THE FIRST SYMBOL IS LESS THAN

THE SECOND ONE.

IV is 4

IX is 9

XC is 14

CM is 90

CDXLI

THIS EXAMPLE COMBINES PRINCIPLE OF ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION

MCD is 1400

CMLX is 960

XIV is 14

CXL is 140

MCMLVIII is 1958

IMPORTANT

• WHEN THE PRINCIPLE OF ADDITION IS USED, A SYMBOL CAN BE USED 3 TIMES ONLY

• PRINCIPLE OF MULTIPLICATION

REMEMBER

THANK YOU.

BYE, BYE!